内容正文:
Unit 2 Helping Hands单元核心知识(背诵版)
一、核心词汇
1 / 4
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
Topic Talk
1.blind adj.失明的;视而不见的
2.elderly adj.年纪较大的
Lesson 1
3.village n.村庄,村镇
4.*prevent vt.阻止,阻碍
5.*poverty n.贫穷,贫困
6.government n.政府
7.*blossom vi.开花;变得快乐n.花朵,花簇
8.through prep.以,凭借;穿过
9.farmer n.农人;农场主
10.*province n.省份
11.*county n.县
12.raise vt.筹募,征集;提升;增加
Lesson 2
13.*sheet n.床单,被单
14.*responsibility n.责任,负责
15.rubbish n.垃圾,废弃物
Lesson 3
16.environment n.环境
17.*sort vt.整理,把···分类n.种类,类别
18.recycle v.回收利用,再利用;重新使用
19.*packaging n.外包装
20.product n.产品,制品;产物
21.newspaper n.报纸
22.serious /'series/ adj.严重的;严肃的
23.complete v.完成;使完整adj.完整的,全部的
24.field n.实地,野外;运动场;田,地
25.shortage n.不足;缺少
26.bin n.垃圾箱;箱,柜
27.single adj. 仅有一个的,单一的,单个的
30.difference n.差别,不同
Writing Workshop
31.fall n.瀑布;秋天vi.减少;落下,掉落
32.*label n.标签,签条,标记vt.贴标签
33.upload vt.上传
34.sign n.指示牌,标志;符号vt.&vi.签名,签署
35.*damage v.损害,伤害n.损坏,破坏
36.pleasure n.乐事;高兴
二、核心短语
1.a middle school teacher 一名中学教师
2.mountain village山村
3.collect money筹集资金
4.open a free school开办免费学校
5.with government help 在政府帮助下
6.prevent poverty防止贫困
7.pick up 拿起, 提起, 捡起, 取走, 学会,
8.make the bed整理床铺
9.change the sheets on the beds更换床单
10.take the rubbish out.清理垃圾
11.do the washing洗衣服
12.walk the dog遛狗
13.a few things几件事情
14.join in 加入
15.sort my family's rubbish 整理我家的垃圾
16.make a difference做出改变
17.provide more bins提供更多垃圾桶
18.start with 以...开始
19.give a helping hand伸出援手
20.encourage my neighbours鼓励我的邻居
21.help out 帮助做事
22.do the chores干家务活
23.know about 知道,了解
三、重点句型
1.Zhang Guimei,a teacher with two flowers in her name, has helped many girls"blossom"through education.张桂梅,一个名字中带有两朵花的老师,用教育帮助许多女孩“绽放”。
2.1996, Zhang Guimei decided to move to Huaping County, a poor area with a lot of small mountain villages. 1996年,张桂梅决定迁居到一个贫困山区——华平县,那里遍布着众多小山村。
3.Ms Zhang believed education is important and she wanted to help change the future of these girls.张女士坚信教育的重要性,决心帮助这些女孩改变命运。
4.For this reason, Zhang Guimei decided to open a free school for girls. 因此,张桂梅决定创办一所免费女子学校。
5.She tried to raise money, but failed.Finally, the governments at all levels heard about her story and set up a local public school for girls with Zhang Guimeias the headmaster.她多方筹款却未能成功。最终,各级政府得知她的事迹后,设立了当地女子公立学校,由张桂梅担任校长。
6.Zhang Guimei cared so much about these girls that she went on many dangerous walks to visit their homes. 张桂梅对这些女孩关怀备至,甚至多次冒着生命危险走访她们的家。
7.She worked hard so that she could help more and more girls go to college.她辛勤工作,只为帮助越来越多的女孩进入大学。
8.Zhang Guimei works so hard and has so little rest that she suffers from poor health. 张桂梅工作极其辛苦,几乎无暇休息,健康状况堪忧。
9.But she does not stop giving hope, love and chances to the girls in Huaping. 但她始终没有停止为华平村的女孩们带来希望、关爱与机遇。
10.Thanks to her, the girls and their families now have a brighter future. 正因她的付出,这些女孩及其家庭如今迎来了更加光明的未来。
11."Environmental protection starts with me, she said. “环保从我做起,”她说道。
12.Then, she started sorting her family's rubbish and encouraging her neighbours to do the same thing. 随后,她开始整理家里的垃圾,并鼓励邻居们也参与进来。
13.Their efforts have certainly helped make the river cleaner and the village more beautiful. 他们的努力确实让河水变得更清澈,村庄也变得更加美丽。
14.Liu Shuyan in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, completed a 4,000-word report with the help of her parents when she was eleven. 陕西省西安市的刘淑燕在十一岁时,在父母的帮助下完成了一份四千字的报告。
15.Both Deng Xiaohong's and Liu Shuyan's stories show that everyone can make a difference. 邓小红和刘书妍的故事告诉我们,每个人都可以(对环境改善)产生影响。
16.Now, what can you do to make a difference?现在,你能做些什么来改变现状呢?
17.These days, many teenagers help out in their communities.现在,许多青少年在社区帮忙。
18.I really need to do the chores in the kitchen now.我现在真的需要在厨房干些家务活。
19.Through her surveys and field research, she found that 98.4% of people knew about sorting rubbish, but 63.1% of them did not know how to do it.通过调查和实地研究,她发现98.4%的人知道垃圾分类,但63.1%的人不知道如何进行垃圾分类。
四、核心语法
so...that 和such...that
so和such引导的句型结构:
so+形容词/副词+that从句
so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句 such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句
so+many/few+可数名词复数+that从句 such+形容词+可数名词复数+that从句
so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句 such+形容词+不可数名词+that从句
There was so little food at home that we had to go out to buy some. 家里快没食物了,我们只好出去买一些。
Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him. → Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.
迈克是一个如此诚实的工人,以至于我们都相信他。
He has made such rapid progress that he was praised by his teacher three times a day. 他取得了如此快的进步,以致老师一天表扬了他三次。
need的用法
用法分析 句中need是实义动词,意为“需要”,有人称、数、时态的变化,后接名词、动名词或不定式做宾语。其否定、疑问句要借助助动词does/do/did。
我们需要想出一个计划。We need to come up with a plan.
考点拓展
need需要
实义动词
人做主语,后接名词或动词不定式
物做主语,后接动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动式
情态动词
后接动词原形,无人称、数、时态变化,用于疑问句/否定句/条件句
We need to work harder.我们需要更加努力地工作。
The floor needs sweeping every day.
=The floor needs to be swept every day.这地板需要每天打扫。
You needn’t do it at once.你不必马上就做。
中考特殊考点 needn’t 可以对must开头的一般疑问句进行否定回答。
-Must I finish reading the book today, Mr. Brown?
-No, you ___A___ .You can finish it in two days.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. couldn’t
宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句的引导词有三种:that;whether/if;特殊疑问词what/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why/how等。
(1)that引导的宾语从句:宾语从句具有陈述意义时,或是宾语从句由陈述句转化而来,用于陈述一件事,宾语从句用that引导,that无意义,不充当成分,在口语或非正式文体中常被省略,但在正式场合,特别是表示建议要求的从句,一般不省略。
1.The radio says (that) it will rain tomorrow. 收音机报道说明天要下雨。
2.3.Do you think (that) it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗?
He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。
(2)特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句:宾语从句具有特殊疑问句含义时,或是宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来,应该用连接代词(what, which, who, whose)或连接副词(when, where, how, why)引导。这些引导词有各自的意思,在从句中要作相应的成分,不能省略。
1.Could you tell me which gate we have to go to? 请问我们得走哪个门?
2.Could you tell me what he said to you? 你能告诉我他跟你说了些什么吗?
3.He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here. 他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。
4.Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗?
【注意】what引导宾语从句时有两种含义,一是“什么”,一是“……的东西/事情等”。
1.Can you tell me what we can do for you? 请问我们能为你做点什么?(what意思为“什么”)
2.In one’s own home one can do what one likes. 在自己家里可以随心所欲。(what意思为“……的事情”)
(3)if或whether引导的宾语从句:宾语从句具有一般疑问句含义时,或是宾语从句是一般疑问句转化而来的,引导词用if 或whether。if 或whether在句子中不充当成分,但有一定的意义,意为“是否”。if 或whether不可省略。
1.I don’t care whether you like the story or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。
2.I wonder if/whether you have told the news to Li Lei. 我想知道你是否已经告诉李雷这个消息了。
3.Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。
【注意】一般情况下,if 和whether可以互换,但以下几种情况只能用whether:
① 在具有选择意义又有or或or not时,尤其是直接与or not连用时,往往用whether,而不用if。
1.I want to know whether it’s good news or not. 我想知道是否是好消息。
2.They are talking about whether to go there or not. 他们正在谈论是否去那儿。
3.Can you tell me whether or not he will come to our party. 你能告诉我是否将要来参加我们的聚会。
② 宾语是介词引导的从句时用whether。
1.It depends on (取决于) whether it is going to rain. 这取决于是否会下雨。
2.It all depends on whether he has enough time. 这要看他是否有足够的时间。
3.His father is worried about whether he loses his work. 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
③ 宾语是不定式时用whether。
1.I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
2.We really don’t know whether to go or to stay. 我们确实不知道是去还是留。
④ 有时为了强调,将宾语从句放在句首时用whether。
1.Whether the story is true or not, I don’t know yet. 故事是否属实,我还不知道。
2.Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem. 他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。
五、写作
寒假将至,你校英语角正在举办题为“My Winter Holiday Plans”的征文活动,请你依据所给思维导图信息,用英语写一篇短文,介绍你的寒假计划。
提示:volunteer志愿者
1. 短文应包括以上提示内容,语言流畅,层次清晰,可适当发挥;
2. 词数在80词左右,短文的开头已给出,不计入总词数;
3. 文中不得出现自己的真实姓名和学校名称;
4. 不得抄袭试卷原文。
【答案】例文:
My Winter Holiday Plans
How time flies! Winter vacation is coming! I’ve made full plans for it.
First, I’ll keep a healthy routine: get enough sleep, exercise daily (like jogging), and eat healthy food. Then, I’ll focus on self-improvement: finish homework on time, read 2 English novels, and practice my hobby—painting. What’s more, I’ll take on responsibilities: spend more time with my family (such as watching movies together), do housework like cleaning the room, and even work as a volunteer to help the elderly in the community.
I’m sure this vacation will be meaningful and wonderful!
$Unit 2 Helping Hands单元核心知识(默写版)
一、核心词汇
1 / 4
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
Topic Talk
1. adj.失明的;视而不见的
2. adj.年纪较大的
Lesson 1
3. n.村庄,村镇
4.* vt.阻止,阻碍
5.* n.贫穷,贫困
6. n.政府
7.* vi.开花;变得快乐n.花朵,花簇
8. prep.以,凭借;穿过
9. n.农人;农场主
10.* n.省份
11.* n.县
12. vt.筹募,征集;提升;增加
Lesson 2
13.* n.床单,被单
14.* n.责任,负责
15. n.垃圾,废弃物
Lesson 3
16. n.环境
17.* vt.整理,把···分类n.种类,类别
18. v.回收利用,再利用;重新使用
19.* n.外包装
20. n.产品,制品;产物
21. n.报纸
22. adj.严重的;严肃的
23. v.完成;使完整adj.完整的,全部的
24. n.实地,野外;运动场;田,地
25. n.不足;缺少
26. n.垃圾箱;箱,柜
27. adj. 仅有一个的,单一的,单个的
30. n.差别,不同
Writing Workshop
31. n.瀑布;秋天vi.减少;落下,掉落
32.* n.标签,签条,标记vt.贴标签
33. vt.上传
34. n.指示牌,标志;符号vt.&vi.签名,签署
35.* v.损害,伤害n.损坏,破坏
36. n.乐事;高兴
二、核心短语
1. 一名中学教师
2. 山村
3. money筹集资金
4. 开办免费学校
5. 在政府帮助下
6. 防止贫困
7. 拿起, 提起, 捡起, 取走, 学会,
8. 整理床铺
9. 更换床单
10. 清理垃圾
11. 洗衣服
12. 遛狗
13. 几件事情
14. 加入
15. 整理我家的垃圾
16. 做出改变
17. 提供更多垃圾桶
18. 以...开始
19. 伸出援手
20. 鼓励我的邻居
21. 帮助做事
22. 干家务活
23. 知道,了解
三、重点句型
1.Zhang Guimei,a teacher two flowers in her name, has helped many girls"blossom"through .张桂梅,一个名字中带有两朵花的老师,用教育帮助许多女孩“绽放”。
2.1996, Zhang Guimei Huaping County, a poor area with a lot of small . 1996年,张桂梅决定迁居到一个贫困山区——华平县,那里遍布着众多小山村。
3.Ms Zhang education is and she wanted to help the future of these girls.张女士坚信教育的重要性,决心帮助这些女孩改变命运。
4.For this reason, Zhang Guimei girls. 因此,张桂梅决定创办一所免费女子学校。
5.She , but failed.Finally, the governments at all levels heard about her story and
for girls with Zhang Guimeias the headmaster.她多方筹款却未能成功。最终,各级政府得知她的事迹后,设立了当地女子公立学校,由张桂梅担任校长。
6.Zhang Guimei cared she went on many dangerous walks to visit their homes. 张桂梅对这些女孩关怀备至,甚至多次冒着生命危险走访她们的家。
7.She she could help more and more girls go to college.她辛勤工作,只为帮助越来越多的女孩进入大学。
8.Zhang Guimei works she from poor health. 张桂梅工作极其辛苦,几乎无暇休息,健康状况堪忧。
9.But she does not , love and chances to the girls in Huaping. 但她始终没有停止为华平村的女孩们带来希望、关爱与机遇。
10. her, the girls and their families now have a future. 正因她的付出,这些女孩及其家庭如今迎来了更加光明的未来。
11." me, she said. “环保从我做起,”她说道。
12.Then, she started her family's rubbish and her neighbours do the same thing. 随后,她开始整理家里的垃圾,并鼓励邻居们也参与进来。
13.Their have certainly helped the river cleaner and the village more . 他们的努力确实让河水变得更清澈,村庄也变得更加美丽。
14.Liu Shuyan in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, a 4,000-word report the help of her parents when she was eleven. 陕西省西安市的刘淑燕在十一岁时,在父母的帮助下完成了一份四千字的报告。
15.Both Deng Xiaohong's and Liu Shuyan's stories show that everyone can . 邓小红和刘书妍的故事告诉我们,每个人都可以(对环境改善)产生影响。
16.Now, w ?现在,你能做些什么来改变现状呢?
17.These days, many teenagers in their communities.现在,许多青少年在社区帮忙。
18.I really in the kitchen now.我现在真的需要在厨房干些家务活。
19. her surveys and field research, she found that 98.4% of people knew about rubbish, but 63.1% of them did not know 通过调查和实地研究,她发现98.4%的人知道垃圾分类,但63.1%的人不知道如何进行垃圾分类。
四、核心语法
so...that 和such...that
so和such引导的句型结构:
so+形容词/副词+that从句
so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句 such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句
so+many/few+可数名词复数+that从句 such+形容词+可数名词复数+that从句
so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句 such+形容词+不可数名词+that从句
There was little food at home that we had to go out to buy some. 家里快没食物了,我们只好出去买一些。
Mike is an honest worker that we all believe him. → Mike is honest a worker that we all believe him.
迈克是一个如此诚实的工人,以至于我们都相信他。
He has made rapid progress he was praised by his teacher three times a day. 他取得了如此快的进步,以致老师一天表扬了他三次。
need的用法
用法分析 句中need是实义动词,意为“需要”,有人称、数、时态的变化,后接名词、动名词或不定式做宾语。其否定、疑问句要借助助动词does/do/did。
我们需要想出一个计划。We need to come up with a plan.
考点拓展
need需要
实义动词
人做主语,后接名词或动词不定式
物做主语,后接动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动式
情态动词
后接动词原形,无人称、数、时态变化,用于疑问句/否定句/条件句
We need to work harder.我们需要更加努力地工作。
The floor needs sweeping every day.
=The floor needs be swept every day.这地板需要每天打扫。
You do it at once.你不必马上就做。
中考特殊考点 needn’t 可以对must开头的一般疑问句进行否定回答。
-Must I finish reading the book today, Mr. Brown?
-No, you ______ .You can finish it in two days.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. couldn’t
宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句的引导词有三种:that;whether/if;特殊疑问词what/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why/how等。
(1)that引导的宾语从句:宾语从句具有陈述意义时,或是宾语从句由陈述句转化而来,用于陈述一件事,宾语从句用that引导,that无意义,不充当成分,在口语或非正式文体中常被省略,但在正式场合,特别是表示建议要求的从句,一般不省略。
1.The radio says it will rain tomorrow. 收音机报道说明天要下雨。
2.3.Do you think it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗?
He said he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。
(2)特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句:宾语从句具有特殊疑问句含义时,或是宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来,应该用连接代词(what, which, who, whose)或连接副词(when, where, how, why)引导。这些引导词有各自的意思,在从句中要作相应的成分,不能省略。
1.Could you tell me gate we have to go to? 请问我们得走哪个门?
2.Could you tell me he said to you? 你能告诉我他跟你说了些什么吗?
3.He didn’t tell me he would stay here. 他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。
4.Could you tell me you were late for the meeting this morning?你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗?
【注意】what引导宾语从句时有两种含义,一是“什么”,一是“……的东西/事情等”。
1.Can you tell me we can do for you? 请问我们能为你做点什么?(what意思为“什么”)
2.In one’s own home one can do one likes. 在自己家里可以随心所欲。(what意思为“……的事情”)
(3)if或whether引导的宾语从句:宾语从句具有一般疑问句含义时,或是宾语从句是一般疑问句转化而来的,引导词用if 或whether。if 或whether在句子中不充当成分,但有一定的意义,意为“是否”。if 或whether不可省略。
1.I don’t care you like the story or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。
2.I wonder you have told the news to Li Lei. 我想知道你是否已经告诉李雷这个消息了。
3.Let us know you can finish the work before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。
【注意】一般情况下,if 和whether可以互换,但以下几种情况只能用whether:
① 在具有选择意义又有or或or not时,尤其是直接与or not连用时,往往用whether,而不用if。
1.I want to know it’s good news or not. 我想知道是否是好消息。
2.They are talking about to go there or not. 他们正在谈论是否去那儿。
3.Can you tell me or not he will come to our party. 你能告诉我是否将要来参加我们的聚会。
② 宾语是介词引导的从句时用whether。
1.It depends on (取决于) it is going to rain. 这取决于是否会下雨。
2.It all depends on he has enough time. 这要看他是否有足够的时间。
3.His father is worried about he loses his work. 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
③ 宾语是不定式时用whether。
1.I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
2.We really don’t know whether to go or to stay. 我们确实不知道是去还是留。
④ 有时为了强调,将宾语从句放在句首时用whether。
1. the story is true or not, I don’t know yet. 故事是否属实,我还不知道。
2. they can finish the work on time is still a problem. 他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。
五、写作
寒假将至,你校英语角正在举办题为“My Winter Holiday Plans”的征文活动,请你依据所给思维导图信息,用英语写一篇短文,介绍你的寒假计划。
提示:volunteer志愿者
1. 短文应包括以上提示内容,语言流畅,层次清晰,可适当发挥;
2. 词数在80词左右,短文的开头已给出,不计入总词数;
3. 文中不得出现自己的真实姓名和学校名称;
4. 不得抄袭试卷原文。
【答案】
My Winter Holiday Plans
How time flies! Winter vacation is coming! I’ve made full plans for it.
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