Unit 4 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment（分层作业）英语译林版选择性必修第三册

Unit 4 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment 分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文 1. 各种各样__________________ 2. 追求，争取_________________ 3. 成形__________________ 4. 仍在使用__________________ 5. 充满着__________________ 6. 充当，起……作用__________________ 7. 充满着__________________ 8. 充当，起……作用__________________ 【答案】 1. a variety of 2. seek to do 3. take shape 4. remain in use 5. be alive with 6. serve as 7. give access to 8. in recognition of 二、根据汉语提示写出单词 1. There was something, ____________ (胆敢) I say it, a little unusual about him. 2. In ____________ (显著的) contrast to their brothers, the girls were both intelligent and adorable. 3. This election campaign has been ____________ (是……的特征) by violence. 4. Every day of our lives we ____________ (遭遇) major and minor sorrows of one kind or another. 5. This paper introduces a practical technique of enhancing accuracy and ____________ (稳定性). 【答案】 1．dare　2.striking　3.characterized　4.encounter　5.stability 三、 单句语法填空 1. The self-driving smart bus is already operating in 10 cities across China,with the latest 　　　　　　(expand) plan in Shanghai in August.  2. Some people waste food 　　　　　　others don’t have enough to eat.  3. 　　　　　　(grow) up means that we need to face up to our responsibilities to our family and the society.  4. A pedestrian suddenly emerged 　　　　　　a tree,which frightened the driver into braking sharply.  5. The plan to set up a reserve 　　　　　　　　　(submit) to the committee.  6. Complaints about the mechanic are certain 　　　　　　　　　(emerge) if he goes on like this.  【答案】 1. expansion　2.while　3.Growing　4.from　5.was submitted　6.to emerge 四、根据要求完成句子 1. Jack ______________________________ (被禁止参加考试) because of his cheating in the last exam. (ban) 2. The teacher divided the children into three groups, ____________________________ (给每个人分配不同的任务)． 3. He hopes that the newly opened Confucius Institute at Canterbury University ______________________ (将充当文化交流的桥梁) between China and New Zealand. 4. We shall ______________________ (为你预留三张票), and you can pick them up a few minutes before the show. 5. Whatever the difficulty facing us, ________________________ (我们绝不向命运屈服). (倒装；submit) 6. The children are surprised by ____________________________________ (老师的突然进入). (entry) 【答案】 1. is banned from taking part in the exam 2. assigning a different task to each of them　 3. will serve as a bridge for cultural exchange　 4. reserve three tickets for you　 5. at no time will we submit to fates　 6. the sudden entry of the teacher 五、阅读理解 （24-25高二上·安徽马鞍山·期末）At Cleveland Bridge, in Bath, a long line of traffic is building up. Although the Georgian structure was praised for its handsome Greek Revival style by Nikolaus Pevsner, an architectural master, it was built for horses, not cars. Repairs will close the bridge for several months, causing bigger jams and more pollution in a city where air quality is already a cause of concern. Bath is an extreme example of a tradeoff faced by much of the country. Britain has the oldest housing stock in Europe, with one in five homes more than 100 years old. Period features are valued and often protected by law. Yet as efforts to cut carbon emissions intensify, they are contradicting attempts to preserve heritage. It is a “delicate balance” says Wera Hobhouse, Bath’s Member of Parliament (议员) “What is the public benefit of dealing with the climate emergency, versus protecting a heritage asset?” Two years ago, Bath was among the first British cities to declare a “climate emergency” when it also promised to go carbon-neutral by 2030. Yet Bath also wants—and is legally required to preserve its heritage. With Roman remains and Georgian streets that spread across the Avon Valley in shades of honey and butter, the city is designated a world heritage site by UNESCO. About 60% of it is further protected by the government as a conservation area, more than 5,000 of Bath’s buildings—nearly 10% of the total—are listed as being of special architectural or historical interest, making it a criminal offence to alter them without permission. Many of the features that make Bath’s Georgian buildings so delicate also make them leaky. Buildings of traditional construction make up 30% of Bath’s housing stock but take up 40% of domestic carbon emissions, according to the Centre for Sustainable Energy, a charity. British homes are rated for energy efficiency on a scale from A to G; most traditional buildings in the city are an F or G. Transport is another area where climate and heritage clash. Bath’s 17th-century streets lack room for bike lanes. Joanna Wright was recently relieved of her role as Bath’s climate chief after proposing that North Road, which leads to the university, should be closed to traffic. In two years she was unable to install any on-street electric-vehicle charging points, partly because of the “nightmare” of getting permission to dig up old pavements. All this means going carbon neutral by 2030 looks hard, but the city is at least beginning to make compromises. In March it launched the first “clean-air zone” outside London, charging drivers to enter central Bath. A trial has made 160 electric motoreycles available to hire. And local opinion seems to be shifting in favour of sustainability. “The discussion has moved dramatically towards considering the climate emergency,” says Ms. Hobhouse. 1．What problem does Bath face? A．It is getting more and more crowded due to the maintenance work underway. B．Its housing stock with a long history are being altered without authorization. C．Its historical significance makes it hard to be reformed into an eco-friendly city. D．Its promise to go carbon-neutral by 2030 is greeted with doubt from its citizens. 2．The percentage mentioned in the underlined sentence (Paragraph 4) is intended to _________. A．highlight the long history of Bath’s building complex B．show the low energy efficiency of the historic buildings C．illustrate the delicate features that Bath’s buildings share D．challenge the validity and credibility of the A-G scale 3．Why was Joanna Wright removed from her position? A．She proposed the North Road not be accessible to the public. B．She failed to solve the conflict between transport and heritage. C．She stood right in the way of the heritage preservation efforts. D．She struggled to get authorized to dig up those old pavements. 4．What can be inferred from the passage? A．Wera Hobhouse keeps a balance between public benefit and heritage protection. B．Traditional buildings in Bath are not available to visitors not having permits. C．Bath has been setting the pace for the construction of a carbon-neutral city. D．Local people in Bath used to favor heritage conservation over sustainability. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴斯的历史建筑遗产与气候之间产生冲突，在保护遗产资源的同时，应采取方法应对气候的紧急情况。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Repairs will close the bridge for several months, causing bigger jams and more pollution in a city where air quality is already a cause of concern.(修复工作将使大桥关闭数月，在这个空气质量已经令人担忧的城市造成更大的堵塞和更多的污染)”和第二段“Bath is an extreme example of a tradeoff faced by much of the country. Britain has the oldest housing stock in Europe, with one in five homes more than 100 years old. Period features are prized and often protected by law. Yet as efforts to cut carbon emissions intensify, they are clashing with attempts to preserve heritage. It is a “delicate balance” says Wera Hobhouse, Bath’s Member of Parliament (议员)(巴斯是该国大部分地区面临权衡取舍的一个极端例子。英国拥有欧洲最古老的房屋，五分之一的房屋超过了100年。时代特征受到重视，通常受到法律保护。然而，随着减少碳排放的努力加强，它们与保护遗产的努力发生了冲突。巴斯的国会议员维拉·霍布豪斯说，这是一种“微妙的平衡”)”可知，巴斯的历史意义使得它很难改造成一个生态友好型城市。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“Many of the features that make Bath’s Georgian buildings so delicate also make them leaky. Buildings of traditional construction make up 30% of Bath’s housing stock but account for 40% of domestic carbon emissions, according to the Centre for Sustainable Energy, a charity.(巴斯格鲁吉亚建筑的许多特点使其如此精致，也使其存在漏洞。根据一个慈善机构，可持续能源中心的数据，传统建筑占巴斯住房存量的30%，但占国内碳排放量的40%)”可知，传统建筑只占总住房存量的30%，但是碳排放量却高达40%，句中的百分比被提及的目的是为了展示历史建筑的低能效。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“Bath’s 17t-century streets lack room for bike lanes. Joanna Wright was recently booted out of her role as Bath’s climate chief after proposing that North Road, which leads to the university, should be closed to traffic. In two years she was unable to install any on-street electric-vehicle charging points, partly because of the “nightmare” of getting permission to dig up old pavements.(巴斯17世纪的街道没有自行车道。乔安娜·赖特最近被解除了巴斯大学气候主管的职务，因为她提议，通往该大学的北路应该禁止交通。两年内，她无法在街上安装任何电动汽车充电点，部分原因是获得挖掘旧路面的许可的“噩梦”)”可知，乔安娜·赖特无法获得挖掘旧路面的许可，未能成功挖掘旧的人行道，未提及她成功修建自行车道，她无法在街上安装电动汽车充电点，自然也就不能从街道上拆除充电点，可推测乔安娜·赖特没能解决交通和遗产之间的冲突，因此被解除了职务。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Transport is another area where climate and heritage clash. Bath’s 17t-century streets lack room for bike lanes. Joanna Wright was recently booted out of her role as Bath’s climate chief after proposing that North Road, which leads to the university, should be closed to traffic. In two years she was unable to install any on-street electric-vehicle charging points, partly because of the “nightmare” of getting permission to dig up old pavements.(交通运输是另一个气候和传统发生冲突的领域。巴斯17世纪的街道缺乏自行车道的空间。最近，乔安娜·赖特(Joanna Wright)因提议关闭通往巴斯大学的北路(North Road)而被免去了巴斯大学气候变化负责人的职务。在两年的时间里，她无法在街道上安装任何电动汽车充电点，部分原因是要获得许可挖掘旧人行道的“噩梦”。)”以及最后一段“All this means going carbon neutral by 2030 looks hard, but the city is at least beginning to make compromises. In March it launched the first “clean-air zone” outside London, charging drivers to enter central Bath. A trial has made 160 electric motoreycles available to hire. And local opinion seems to be shifting in favour of sustainability.( 所有这些都意味着，到2030年实现碳中和看起来很难，但这座城市至少开始做出妥协。今年3月，它在伦敦以外推出了首个“清洁空气区”，向进入巴斯市中心的司机收费。一项试验已使160辆电动摩托车可供租用。而且当地的观点似乎正在转向支持可持续发展。)”可知，巴斯的当地人过去更喜欢遗产而不是可持续性。故选D项。 六、七选五 （24-25高二下·福建福州·期中）Art has always been a mirror reflecting human culture. From ancient cave paintings to digital works, it carries emotions, records history, and challenges perspectives. 1 Let’s explore how different art forms shape our world. 2 Van Gogh’s swirling stars in The Starry Night, for instance, translate inner disturbance into visible beauty, while Picasso’s Guernica uses twisted shapes to show the pain of war. Meanwhile, modern street art transforms urban spaces into open galleries, proving art isn’t limited to museums. Performance art demands physical presence from both creators and viewers. 3 A dancer’s leap or an actor’s speech creates instant emotional connections with audiences. This live connection makes performance art good for discussing social issues, like plays about fairness between different groups. Literature, however, lives through imagination. 4 When reading Shakespeare’s Hamlet, we don’t see detailed stage designs, yet vivid scenes form in our minds — the dark castle or Hamlet’s troubled face. This mental co-creation between writer and reader is literature’s unique magic. The educational value of art is increasingly recognized in schools worldwide. Studies show students engaged in arts develop better critical thinking and care more about others’ feelings. Beyond personal growth, public art projects can unite communities. 5 Art is not a luxury but a necessity. It questions, heals, and connects — making life deeper than mere existence and turning everyday life into something meaningful. A．Unlike still visual arts, the form, such as theater, is based on live interaction. B．Digital art combines traditional techniques with cutting-edge technology. C．Every culture, regardless of its technological advancement, has artistic expressions. D．Unlike visual arts, it requires us to actively construct meaning. E．Music streaming platforms have made classical compositions more accessible. F．A mural (壁画) painted collectively by neighborhood residents, for example, fosters shared identity and dialogue. G．Visual arts like painting and sculpture allow us to “see” emotions. 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．A 4．D 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了艺术的不同形式以及作用。 1．根据上文“Art has always been a mirror reflecting human culture. From ancient cave paintings to digital works, it carries emotions, records history, and challenges perspectives.(艺术一直是反映人类文化的一面镜子。从古老的洞穴壁画到数字作品，它承载着情感，记录着历史，挑战着视角)”可知，上文提到从壁画到数字作品，艺术记录着历史，本句承接上文，说明艺术会随着技术进步而发现改变，故C选项“每一种文化，无论其技术进步如何，都有其艺术表现形式”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据后文“Van Gogh’s swirling stars in The Starry Night, for instance, translate inner disturbance into visible beauty, while Picasso’s Guernica uses twisted shapes to show the pain of war. Meanwhile, modern street art transforms urban spaces into open galleries, proving art isn’t limited to museums.(例如，梵高在《星夜》中旋转的星星将内心的不安转化为可见的美，而毕加索的《格尔尼卡》则用扭曲的形状来表现战争的痛苦。与此同时，现代街头艺术将城市空间变成了开放的画廊，证明了艺术并不局限于博物馆)”可知，本句作为本段主旨句，引出了视觉艺术能够将情感可视化的观点。故G选项“像绘画和雕塑这样的视觉艺术使我们能够‘看到’情感”符合语境，故选G。 3．根据上文“Performance art demands physical presence from both creators and viewers.(行为艺术要求创作者和观众都在场)”以及后文“A dancer’s leap or an actor’s speech creates instant emotional connections with audiences. This live connection makes performance art good for discussing social issues, like plays about fairness between different groups.(舞者的一跳或演员的演讲都能与观众产生即时的情感联系。这种现场联系使得行为艺术很适合讨论社会问题，比如关于不同群体之间公平的戏剧)”可知，上文强调了行为艺术的特点，本句进一步阐述了行为艺术（以戏剧为例）与静态视觉艺术的区别，突出了现场互动这一特点，与前文提到的行为艺术要求亲身在场以及后文所说的与观众建立即时情感联系的内容相契合。故A选项“与静止的视觉艺术不同，这种形式，比如戏剧，是基于现场互动的”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据上文“Literature, however, lives through imagination.(然而，文学存在于想象之中)”以及后文“When reading Shakespeare’s Hamlet, we don’t see detailed stage designs, yet vivid scenes form in our minds — the dark castle or Hamlet’s troubled face. This mental co-creation between writer and reader is literature’s unique magic.(当我们读莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》时，我们看不到详细的舞台设计，但生动的场景却在我们的脑海中形成——黑暗的城堡或哈姆雷特烦恼的脸。作者和读者之间的这种精神上的共同创造是文学的独特魔力)”可知，此处是在介绍文学和艺术的不同之处。故D选项“与视觉艺术不同，它需要我们主动建构意义”符合语境，故选D。 5．根据上文“The educational value of art is increasingly recognized in schools worldwide. Studies show students engaged in arts develop better critical thinking and care more about others’ feelings. Beyond personal growth, public art projects can unite communities.(世界各地的学校越来越认识到艺术的教育价值。研究表明，参与艺术活动的学生能培养出更好的批判性思维，也更关心他人的感受。除了个人成长，公共艺术项目还可以团结社区)”可知，上文提到了公共艺术项目在团结社区方面的作用，本句对此进行举例论述，支持公共艺术能团结社区的观点，即通过培养共同身份认同感和促进对话来实现。故F选项“例如，一幅由邻里居民集体绘制的壁画，促进了共同的身份认同和对话”符合语境，故选F。 七、完形填空 （25-26高二上·内蒙古赤峰·月考）Liam throws himself backwards into the corner of the sofa in the head teacher’s room, landing on his bottom, his legs briefly in the air. It’s an unconventional way to sit down, but the boy looks comfortable. A child of 12 whose past behaviour has been so “ 1 ” that he has been excluded from four other schools is talking about learning, with enthusiasm and without rude words, to a visitor. Oh my, that’s good. Only the plastic cup being crunched (使发出嘎吱声) between his fingers 2 his nervousness. But that’s OK. The school can live with that. Riverside Park High School is a special school. Most of its students, all boys, are known to the police, or have a reputation for being 3 , if not outright violent. What will happen to them? The conventional view is that as adults they will live on social welfare benefits and probably 4 in prison. The chances of them leading happy or fulfilled lives are regarded as 5 . When Amelia Brooks arrived at Riverside Park, she was the fourth head in nine months. Aged 42, she was a former history teacher who recognised that 6 children with behavioral difficulties often pushed them into the criminal justice system. “My aim was to set up a school that reduced that 7 ,” she says. First Brooks painted the blue walls a mixture of vibrant and calm colours. She got the boys to decorate the bathrooms so that they were a source of 8 rather than spaces associated with bullying. She kept a dog, Buddy, who is often the first point of contact for disturbed boys when they arrive in the school. These days the walls are filled with photographs of boys bonding together and playing sports. But her biggest ideas have involved 9 the rulebook of school management. She developed a set of practices tailor-made to provide 10 support for the boys. If the school feels like an amiably (和蔼可亲的) unruly family, Brooks is definitely the matriarch (女家长). “What we’re trying to do is build 11 with the children,” she says. “In this type of school there’s an opportunity for them to rebuild some of the trust that may have been lost.” Long ago she replaced the curriculum with motivational study themes that are 12 to the boys and lead to vocational qualifications. There is a juice bar to encourage healthy eating, and a beauty and hairdressing salon to 13 the boys to have healthy physical contact with others. I speak to a mother whose son has changed from a boy who swore and threw chairs, to one who won’t 14 a day of school. A boy gives Brooks a thumbs-up through the window in her door; when she first met him his hood always covered his face. As I leave, he teases a friend that he should give me a lift home. For a 16-year-old with a history of damage, that signals a(n) 15 change. 1．A．inspiring B．challenging C．confusing D．surprising 2．A．give away B．get over C．hand in D．result in 3．A．gentle B．unreliable C．arrogant D．aggressive 4．A．end up B．turn out C．show off D．come across 5．A．uncertain B．slight C．random D．multiple 6．A．supporting B．excluding C．raising D．interviewing 7．A．pressure B．likelihood C．risk D．uncertainty 8．A．satisfaction B．gratitude C．tension D．pride 9．A．tearing up B．taking over C．putting on D．breaking down 10．A．physical B．personal C．emotional D．material 11．A．neighborships B．partnerships C．relationships D．ownerships 12．A．motivating B．familiar C．sensitive D．relevant 13．A．enable B．persuade C．force D．ask 14．A．enjoy B．skip C．miss D．leave 15．A．lasting B．positive C．encouraging D．gradual 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了校长Amelia Brooks如何通过改革 Riverside Park High School 这所特殊学校，帮助有行为问题的男孩们重建信任、改变命运的故事。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个12岁的孩子，他过去的行为如此“难对付”，以至于已经被其他四所学校开除。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. challenging有挑战性的，难对付的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。根据下文“he has been excluded from four other schools (他已被四所其他学校开除)”可知，他的行为对学校管理者来说是“难以应付的、有挑战性的”。故选B。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：只有他手指间捏得嘎吱作响的塑料杯暴露出他的紧张。A. give away 泄露，暴露；B. get over克服；C. hand in提交；D. result in导致。根据前文“the plastic cup being crunched(使发出嘎吱声)between his fingers(塑料杯在他的手指间嘎吱作响)”可知，捏杯子的动作是无意中“暴露”了他的紧张情绪。故选A。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这所学校的大多数学生，都是男生，被警方所知，或者即使不是完全暴力，也有好斗的名声。A. gentle温和的；B. unreliable不可靠的；C. arrogant傲慢的；D. aggressive好斗的，有攻击性的。根据下文“if not outright violent (即使不是完全暴力)”可知，此处应填入一个与“暴力”程度稍轻但性质相近的词，描述学生普遍具有攻击性。故选D。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：传统的观点是，他们成年后将靠社会福利生活，并很可能最终会进监狱。A. end up最终成为，最终处于；B. turn out结果是；C. show off炫耀；D. come across偶然遇到。根据前文“Most of its students, all boys, are known to the police, or have a reputation for being ____3___, if not outright violent. (这所学校的大多数学生，都是男生，被警方所知，或者即使不是完全暴力，也有好斗的名声。)”可知，此处表示在普通人的眼里，他们人生轨迹的最终结局是进监狱。故选A。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们过上幸福或充实生活的机会被认为是微乎其微的。A. uncertain不确定的；B. slight微小的；C. random随机的；D. multiple多重的。根据上文“The conventional view is that as adults they will live on social welfare benefits and probably ___4_____in prison.(传统的观点是，他们成年后将靠社会福利生活，并很可能最终会进监狱。)”可知，前文讲了对这些学生的悲观的预期(靠福利、进监狱)，因此此处应表示他们获得幸福生活的机会被认为是非常“微小的”。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是一位前历史老师，她认识到排斥有行为困难的孩子常常会把他们推入刑事司法系统。A. supporting支持；B. excluding排斥，排除；C. raising抚养；D. interviewing采访。根据第二段中“he has been excluded from four other schools (他已被四所其他学校开除)”，可知，传统做法往往是“排斥”这些问题学生，而这种做法会导致他们走上犯罪道路。故选B。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我的目标是建立一所能够降低那种可能性的学校，”她说。A. pressure压力；B. likelihood可能性；C. risk风险；D. uncertainty不确定性。根据上文“____6____children with behavioral difficulties often pushed them into the criminal justice system.(排斥行为困难的孩子往往会把他们推入刑事司法系统)”可知，Brooks校长的目标是降低“这种可能性”。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她让男孩们装饰浴室，这样浴室就成了自豪感的来源，而不是与欺凌相关联的空间。A. satisfaction满意；B. gratitude感激；C. tension紧张；D. pride自豪。根据上文“First Brooks painted the blue walls a mixture of vibrant and calm colours. She got the boys to decorate the bathrooms...(首先，Brooks把蓝色的墙壁涂成充满活力和平静的混合颜色。她让男孩们装饰浴室……)”可知，通过让学生们亲自参与装饰，他们会对这些自己创造的空间产生“自豪感”，从而改变空间的性质。故选D。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但她最大的想法涉及撕毁学校管理的规则手册。A. tearing up撕毁；B. taking over接管；C. putting on穿上，上演；D. breaking down分解，抛锚。根据上文“She kept a dog, Buddy, who is often the first point of contact for disturbed boys when they arrive in the school. These days the walls are filled with photographs of boys bonding together and playing sports.(她养了一只叫巴迪的狗，孩子们来到学校后经常是先与它接触。这些天，墙上挂满了男孩们聚在一起做运动的照片。)”及下文“She developed a set of practices tailor-made...(她制定了一套量身定制的做法……)”可知，校长进行了根本性的、颠覆传统的改革，因此是“撕毁(即彻底摒弃)”旧的规则手册。故选A。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她制定了一套量身定做的实践方法，为男孩们提供情感支持。A. physical身体的；B. personal个人的；C. emotional情感的；D. material物质的。根据下文“If the school feels like an amiably unruly family, Brooks is definitely the matriarch .(如果这所学校感觉像是一个友好的不守规矩的家庭，Brooks绝对是女家长)”可知，校长设法让学生在这儿感受到家庭般的温暖，为学生们提供了情感支持。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们正在努力做的是与孩子们建立关系，”她说。A. neighborships邻里关系；B. partnerships伙伴关系；C. relationships关系，联系；D. ownerships所有权。根据上文“She developed a set of practices tailor-made to provide____10____support for the boys.(她制定了一套量身定做的实践方法，为男孩们提供情感支持。)”和下文的“rebuild some of the trust (重建信任)”可知，学校在努力与孩子们建立良好的“关系”。故选C。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很久以前，她用激励性的学习主题取代了原来的课程，这些主题与男孩们相关，并能获得职业资格。A. motivating激励性的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. relevant相关的。根据下文“    ...lead to vocational qualifications(最终可获得职业资格证书)”可知，这些学习主题是可以让学生们学有所用的，所以必须是与他们生活和未来“相关的”。故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一个果汁吧鼓励健康饮食，还有一个美容美发沙龙，旨在使男孩们能够与他人进行健康的身体接触。A. enable使能够；B. persuade说服；C. force强迫；D. ask要求。根据上文“There is a juice bar to encourage healthy eating, and a beauty and hairdressing salon(有一个果汁吧鼓励健康饮食，还有一个美容美发沙龙)”可知，美容美发沙龙提供了一个环境和平台，其功能应该是使他们能够进行健康的身体接触。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和一位母亲交谈，她的儿子从一个骂人、扔椅子的男孩，变成了一个不愿错过一天上学的孩子。A. enjoy享受；B. skip跳过，逃(学)；C. miss错过；D. leave离开。根据上文“has changed from a boy who swore and threw chairs, to...(从一个骂人、扔椅子的男孩，变成了……)”，可知，此处应该要表达孩子发生了积极的转变，变得喜欢上学，所以不愿意“错过”任何一天。故选C。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于一个有破坏行为历史的16岁孩子来说，这标志着一个鼓舞人心的变化。A. lasting持久的；B. positive积极的；C. encouraging鼓舞人心的；D. gradual逐渐的。根据上文“when she first met him his hood always covered his face. As I leave, he teases a friend that he should give me a lift home.(她第一次见到他时，他的兜帽总是遮住脸。在我离开的时候，他逗一个朋友让我搭他的车回家。)”可知，该学生从过去用兜帽遮脸、行为叛逆，到现在主动开玩笑、与人互动，这是一个“鼓舞人心的”行为转变。故选C。 八、语法填空 （25-26高二上·陕西西安·期末）At the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains in Ningxia Hui autonomous region 1 (lie) a land that has stood silent for a thousand years. Nine towering earthen platforms rise before the mountains, surrounded by hundreds of satellite tombs scattered like stars. Originally from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Tangut people during their migrations gradually absorbed cultural influences from other ethnic groups. This rich cultural exchange eventually led to the founding of the Xixia regime on the Yinchuan Plain, 2 diverse traditions met, mingled (交融) and slowly merged into 3 unique civilization. Among the 4 (count) artifacts from the Western Xia imperial tombs, the Xixia gilt bronze bull, 5 its strong build, raised horns and powerful, flowing muscles, appears almost lifelike. This striking statue stands as a masterpiece of Xixia metalwork, 6 (reflect) both exceptional craftsmanship and the advanced civilization behind it. Today, fragments (碎片) of stone inscriptions and coins bearing Tangut script 7 (unearth) from the imperial tombs serve as key sources for understanding Xixia history and culture. Though the Xixia regime has long disappeared, the Xixia Imperial Tombs remain standing as powerful testimony to unity in 8 (diverse) of Chinese civilization. They are a nationally protected cultural heritage site 9 included in the World Heritage List, marking a remarkable chapter in the story of human civilization. In recent years, advances in archaeology, digital preservation, and public education have brought people 10 (close) to the Xixia Imperial Tombs. 【答案】 1．lies 2．where 3．a 4．countless 5．with 6．reflecting 7．unearthed 8．diversity 9．and 10．closer 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了位于宁夏回族自治区贺兰山东麓的西夏王陵，包括其所处位置、历史背景（党项族迁徙与文化交融及西夏政权建立）、出土文物（西夏鎏金铜牛、带西夏文的石刻碎片和钱币等）的价值，以及西夏王陵作为文化遗产的地位和近年来考古等领域发展对其的影响。 1．考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意：在宁夏回族自治区贺兰山东麓，坐落着一片沉寂了千年的土地。此处为倒装句，主语是“a land”（单数名词），陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填lies。 2．考查定语从句。句意：这种丰富的文化交流最终促成了西夏政权在银川平原的建立，在这里，多样的传统相遇、交融，并逐渐融合成一种独特的文明。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“the Yinchuan Plain”（表示地点），从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 3．考查冠词。句意：这种丰富的文化交流最终促成了西夏政权在银川平原的建立，在这里，多样的传统相遇、交融，并逐渐融合成一种独特的文明。“civilization”此处为可数名词单数，表泛指“一种独特的文明”，且“unique”是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 4．考查形容词。句意：在西夏王陵出土的无数文物中，西夏鎏金铜牛身形健壮、犄角高耸、肌肉饱满有力，栩栩如生。此处修饰名词“artifacts”，需用形容词作定语；结合语境，表“无数的”，应用countless。故填countless。 5．考查介词。句意：在西夏王陵出土的无数文物中，西夏鎏金铜牛身形健壮、犄角高耸、肌肉饱满有力，栩栩如生。此处表示“具有……特征”，应用介词with，后接名词短语描述鎏金铜牛的外形特点。故填with。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：这件引人注目的雕像堪称西夏金属工艺的杰作，既体现了精湛的工艺，也彰显了其背后先进的文明。此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，“reflect”与逻辑主语“This striking statue”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填reflecting。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，从王陵中出土的带有西夏文的石刻碎片和钱币，成为了解西夏历史文化的重要资料。此处为非谓语动词作定语，“unearth”与逻辑主语“fragments of stone inscriptions and coins”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填unearthed。 8．考查名词。句意：尽管西夏政权早已消失，但西夏王陵依然屹立，是中华文明多元一体的有力见证。此处位于介词“in”后，需用名词作宾语；“diverse”的名词形式是diversity，“unity in diversity”为固定表达，意为“多元一体”。故填diversity。 9．考查连词。句意：它是全国重点文物保护单位，且被列入《世界遗产名录》，在人类文明史上写下了浓墨重彩的一笔。“a nationally protected cultural heritage site”与“included in the World Heritage List”是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 10．考查副词比较级。句意：近年来，考古学、数字保护和公共教育的发展，让人们与西夏王陵的距离更近了。结合语境，此处暗含“与过去相比更近”的比较含义，应用副词比较级closer。故填closer。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment 分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文 1. 各种各样__________________ 2. 追求，争取_________________ 3. 成形__________________ 4. 仍在使用__________________ 5. 充满着__________________ 6. 充当，起……作用__________________ 7. 充满着__________________ 8. 充当，起……作用__________________ 二、根据汉语提示写出单词 1. There was something, ____________ (胆敢) I say it, a little unusual about him. 2. In ____________ (显著的) contrast to their brothers, the girls were both intelligent and adorable. 3. This election campaign has been ____________ (是……的特征) by violence. 4. Every day of our lives we ____________ (遭遇) major and minor sorrows of one kind or another. 5. This paper introduces a practical technique of enhancing accuracy and ____________ (稳定性). 三、 单句语法填空 1. The self-driving smart bus is already operating in 10 cities across China,with the latest 　　　　　　(expand) plan in Shanghai in August.  2. Some people waste food 　　　　　　others don’t have enough to eat.  3. 　　　　　　(grow) up means that we need to face up to our responsibilities to our family and the society.  4. A pedestrian suddenly emerged 　　　　　　a tree,which frightened the driver into braking sharply.  5. The plan to set up a reserve 　　　　　　　　　(submit) to the committee.  6. Complaints about the mechanic are certain 　　　　　　　　　(emerge) if he goes on like this.  四、根据要求完成句子 1. Jack ______________________________ (被禁止参加考试) because of his cheating in the last exam. (ban) 2. The teacher divided the children into three groups, ____________________________ (给每个人分配不同的任务)． 3. He hopes that the newly opened Confucius Institute at Canterbury University ______________________ (将充当文化交流的桥梁) between China and New Zealand. 4. We shall ______________________ (为你预留三张票), and you can pick them up a few minutes before the show. 5. Whatever the difficulty facing us, ________________________ (我们绝不向命运屈服). (倒装；submit) 6. The children are surprised by ____________________________________ (老师的突然进入). (entry) 五、阅读理解 （24-25高二上·安徽马鞍山·期末）At Cleveland Bridge, in Bath, a long line of traffic is building up. Although the Georgian structure was praised for its handsome Greek Revival style by Nikolaus Pevsner, an architectural master, it was built for horses, not cars. Repairs will close the bridge for several months, causing bigger jams and more pollution in a city where air quality is already a cause of concern. Bath is an extreme example of a tradeoff faced by much of the country. Britain has the oldest housing stock in Europe, with one in five homes more than 100 years old. Period features are valued and often protected by law. Yet as efforts to cut carbon emissions intensify, they are contradicting attempts to preserve heritage. It is a “delicate balance” says Wera Hobhouse, Bath’s Member of Parliament (议员) “What is the public benefit of dealing with the climate emergency, versus protecting a heritage asset?” Two years ago, Bath was among the first British cities to declare a “climate emergency” when it also promised to go carbon-neutral by 2030. Yet Bath also wants—and is legally required to preserve its heritage. With Roman remains and Georgian streets that spread across the Avon Valley in shades of honey and butter, the city is designated a world heritage site by UNESCO. About 60% of it is further protected by the government as a conservation area, more than 5,000 of Bath’s buildings—nearly 10% of the total—are listed as being of special architectural or historical interest, making it a criminal offence to alter them without permission. Many of the features that make Bath’s Georgian buildings so delicate also make them leaky. Buildings of traditional construction make up 30% of Bath’s housing stock but take up 40% of domestic carbon emissions, according to the Centre for Sustainable Energy, a charity. British homes are rated for energy efficiency on a scale from A to G; most traditional buildings in the city are an F or G. Transport is another area where climate and heritage clash. Bath’s 17th-century streets lack room for bike lanes. Joanna Wright was recently relieved of her role as Bath’s climate chief after proposing that North Road, which leads to the university, should be closed to traffic. In two years she was unable to install any on-street electric-vehicle charging points, partly because of the “nightmare” of getting permission to dig up old pavements. All this means going carbon neutral by 2030 looks hard, but the city is at least beginning to make compromises. In March it launched the first “clean-air zone” outside London, charging drivers to enter central Bath. A trial has made 160 electric motoreycles available to hire. And local opinion seems to be shifting in favour of sustainability. “The discussion has moved dramatically towards considering the climate emergency,” says Ms. Hobhouse. 1．What problem does Bath face? A．It is getting more and more crowded due to the maintenance work underway. B．Its housing stock with a long history are being altered without authorization. C．Its historical significance makes it hard to be reformed into an eco-friendly city. D．Its promise to go carbon-neutral by 2030 is greeted with doubt from its citizens. 2．The percentage mentioned in the underlined sentence (Paragraph 4) is intended to _________. A．highlight the long history of Bath’s building complex B．show the low energy efficiency of the historic buildings C．illustrate the delicate features that Bath’s buildings share D．challenge the validity and credibility of the A-G scale 3．Why was Joanna Wright removed from her position? A．She proposed the North Road not be accessible to the public. B．She failed to solve the conflict between transport and heritage. C．She stood right in the way of the heritage preservation efforts. D．She struggled to get authorized to dig up those old pavements. 4．What can be inferred from the passage? A．Wera Hobhouse keeps a balance between public benefit and heritage protection. B．Traditional buildings in Bath are not available to visitors not having permits. C．Bath has been setting the pace for the construction of a carbon-neutral city. D．Local people in Bath used to favor heritage conservation over sustainability. 六、七选五 （24-25高二下·福建福州·期中）Art has always been a mirror reflecting human culture. From ancient cave paintings to digital works, it carries emotions, records history, and challenges perspectives. 1 Let’s explore how different art forms shape our world. 2 Van Gogh’s swirling stars in The Starry Night, for instance, translate inner disturbance into visible beauty, while Picasso’s Guernica uses twisted shapes to show the pain of war. Meanwhile, modern street art transforms urban spaces into open galleries, proving art isn’t limited to museums. Performance art demands physical presence from both creators and viewers. 3 A dancer’s leap or an actor’s speech creates instant emotional connections with audiences. This live connection makes performance art good for discussing social issues, like plays about fairness between different groups. Literature, however, lives through imagination. 4 When reading Shakespeare’s Hamlet, we don’t see detailed stage designs, yet vivid scenes form in our minds — the dark castle or Hamlet’s troubled face. This mental co-creation between writer and reader is literature’s unique magic. The educational value of art is increasingly recognized in schools worldwide. Studies show students engaged in arts develop better critical thinking and care more about others’ feelings. Beyond personal growth, public art projects can unite communities. 5 Art is not a luxury but a necessity. It questions, heals, and connects — making life deeper than mere existence and turning everyday life into something meaningful. A．Unlike still visual arts, the form, such as theater, is based on live interaction. B．Digital art combines traditional techniques with cutting-edge technology. C．Every culture, regardless of its technological advancement, has artistic expressions. D．Unlike visual arts, it requires us to actively construct meaning. E．Music streaming platforms have made classical compositions more accessible. F．A mural (壁画) painted collectively by neighborhood residents, for example, fosters shared identity and dialogue. G．Visual arts like painting and sculpture allow us to “see” emotions. 七、完形填空 （25-26高二上·内蒙古赤峰·月考）Liam throws himself backwards into the corner of the sofa in the head teacher’s room, landing on his bottom, his legs briefly in the air. It’s an unconventional way to sit down, but the boy looks comfortable. A child of 12 whose past behaviour has been so “ 1 ” that he has been excluded from four other schools is talking about learning, with enthusiasm and without rude words, to a visitor. Oh my, that’s good. Only the plastic cup being crunched (使发出嘎吱声) between his fingers 2 his nervousness. But that’s OK. The school can live with that. Riverside Park High School is a special school. Most of its students, all boys, are known to the police, or have a reputation for being 3 , if not outright violent. What will happen to them? The conventional view is that as adults they will live on social welfare benefits and probably 4 in prison. The chances of them leading happy or fulfilled lives are regarded as 5 . When Amelia Brooks arrived at Riverside Park, she was the fourth head in nine months. Aged 42, she was a former history teacher who recognised that 6 children with behavioral difficulties often pushed them into the criminal justice system. “My aim was to set up a school that reduced that 7 ,” she says. First Brooks painted the blue walls a mixture of vibrant and calm colours. She got the boys to decorate the bathrooms so that they were a source of 8 rather than spaces associated with bullying. She kept a dog, Buddy, who is often the first point of contact for disturbed boys when they arrive in the school. These days the walls are filled with photographs of boys bonding together and playing sports. But her biggest ideas have involved 9 the rulebook of school management. She developed a set of practices tailor-made to provide 10 support for the boys. If the school feels like an amiably (和蔼可亲的) unruly family, Brooks is definitely the matriarch (女家长). “What we’re trying to do is build 11 with the children,” she says. “In this type of school there’s an opportunity for them to rebuild some of the trust that may have been lost.” Long ago she replaced the curriculum with motivational study themes that are 12 to the boys and lead to vocational qualifications. There is a juice bar to encourage healthy eating, and a beauty and hairdressing salon to 13 the boys to have healthy physical contact with others. I speak to a mother whose son has changed from a boy who swore and threw chairs, to one who won’t 14 a day of school. A boy gives Brooks a thumbs-up through the window in her door; when she first met him his hood always covered his face. As I leave, he teases a friend that he should give me a lift home. For a 16-year-old with a history of damage, that signals a(n) 15 change. 1．A．inspiring B．challenging C．confusing D．surprising 2．A．give away B．get over C．hand in D．result in 3．A．gentle B．unreliable C．arrogant D．aggressive 4．A．end up B．turn out C．show off D．come across 5．A．uncertain B．slight C．random D．multiple 6．A．supporting B．excluding C．raising D．interviewing 7．A．pressure B．likelihood C．risk D．uncertainty 8．A．satisfaction B．gratitude C．tension D．pride 9．A．tearing up B．taking over C．putting on D．breaking down 10．A．physical B．personal C．emotional D．material 11．A．neighborships B．partnerships C．relationships D．ownerships 12．A．motivating B．familiar C．sensitive D．relevant 13．A．enable B．persuade C．force D．ask 14．A．enjoy B．skip C．miss D．leave 15．A．lasting B．positive C．encouraging D．gradual 八、语法填空 （25-26高二上·陕西西安·期末）At the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains in Ningxia Hui autonomous region 1 (lie) a land that has stood silent for a thousand years. Nine towering earthen platforms rise before the mountains, surrounded by hundreds of satellite tombs scattered like stars. Originally from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Tangut people during their migrations gradually absorbed cultural influences from other ethnic groups. This rich cultural exchange eventually led to the founding of the Xixia regime on the Yinchuan Plain, 2 diverse traditions met, mingled (交融) and slowly merged into 3 unique civilization. Among the 4 (count) artifacts from the Western Xia imperial tombs, the Xixia gilt bronze bull, 5 its strong build, raised horns and powerful, flowing muscles, appears almost lifelike. This striking statue stands as a masterpiece of Xixia metalwork, 6 (reflect) both exceptional craftsmanship and the advanced civilization behind it. Today, fragments (碎片) of stone inscriptions and coins bearing Tangut script 7 (unearth) from the imperial tombs serve as key sources for understanding Xixia history and culture. Though the Xixia regime has long disappeared, the Xixia Imperial Tombs remain standing as powerful testimony to unity in 8 (diverse) of Chinese civilization. They are a nationally protected cultural heritage site 9 included in the World Heritage List, marking a remarkable chapter in the story of human civilization. In recent years, advances in archaeology, digital preservation, and public education have brought people 10 (close) to the Xixia Imperial Tombs. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment 分层练习 参考答案 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文 【答案】 1. a variety of 2. seek to do 3. take shape 4. remain in use 5. be alive with 6. serve as 7. give access to 8. in recognition of 二、根据汉语提示写出单词 【答案】 1．dare　2.striking　3.characterized　4.encounter　5.stability 三、 单句语法填空 【答案】 1. expansion　2.while　3.Growing　4.from　5.was submitted　6.to emerge 四、根据要求完成句子 【答案】 1. is banned from taking part in the exam 2. assigning a different task to each of them　 3. will serve as a bridge for cultural exchange　 4. reserve three tickets for you　 5. at no time will we submit to fates　 6. the sudden entry of the teacher 五、阅读理解 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴斯的历史建筑遗产与气候之间产生冲突，在保护遗产资源的同时，应采取方法应对气候的紧急情况。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Repairs will close the bridge for several months, causing bigger jams and more pollution in a city where air quality is already a cause of concern.(修复工作将使大桥关闭数月，在这个空气质量已经令人担忧的城市造成更大的堵塞和更多的污染)”和第二段“Bath is an extreme example of a tradeoff faced by much of the country. Britain has the oldest housing stock in Europe, with one in five homes more than 100 years old. Period features are prized and often protected by law. Yet as efforts to cut carbon emissions intensify, they are clashing with attempts to preserve heritage. It is a “delicate balance” says Wera Hobhouse, Bath’s Member of Parliament (议员)(巴斯是该国大部分地区面临权衡取舍的一个极端例子。英国拥有欧洲最古老的房屋，五分之一的房屋超过了100年。时代特征受到重视，通常受到法律保护。然而，随着减少碳排放的努力加强，它们与保护遗产的努力发生了冲突。巴斯的国会议员维拉·霍布豪斯说，这是一种“微妙的平衡”)”可知，巴斯的历史意义使得它很难改造成一个生态友好型城市。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“Many of the features that make Bath’s Georgian buildings so delicate also make them leaky. Buildings of traditional construction make up 30% of Bath’s housing stock but account for 40% of domestic carbon emissions, according to the Centre for Sustainable Energy, a charity.(巴斯格鲁吉亚建筑的许多特点使其如此精致，也使其存在漏洞。根据一个慈善机构，可持续能源中心的数据，传统建筑占巴斯住房存量的30%，但占国内碳排放量的40%)”可知，传统建筑只占总住房存量的30%，但是碳排放量却高达40%，句中的百分比被提及的目的是为了展示历史建筑的低能效。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“Bath’s 17t-century streets lack room for bike lanes. Joanna Wright was recently booted out of her role as Bath’s climate chief after proposing that North Road, which leads to the university, should be closed to traffic. In two years she was unable to install any on-street electric-vehicle charging points, partly because of the “nightmare” of getting permission to dig up old pavements.(巴斯17世纪的街道没有自行车道。乔安娜·赖特最近被解除了巴斯大学气候主管的职务，因为她提议，通往该大学的北路应该禁止交通。两年内，她无法在街上安装任何电动汽车充电点，部分原因是获得挖掘旧路面的许可的“噩梦”)”可知，乔安娜·赖特无法获得挖掘旧路面的许可，未能成功挖掘旧的人行道，未提及她成功修建自行车道，她无法在街上安装电动汽车充电点，自然也就不能从街道上拆除充电点，可推测乔安娜·赖特没能解决交通和遗产之间的冲突，因此被解除了职务。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Transport is another area where climate and heritage clash. Bath’s 17t-century streets lack room for bike lanes. Joanna Wright was recently booted out of her role as Bath’s climate chief after proposing that North Road, which leads to the university, should be closed to traffic. In two years she was unable to install any on-street electric-vehicle charging points, partly because of the “nightmare” of getting permission to dig up old pavements.(交通运输是另一个气候和传统发生冲突的领域。巴斯17世纪的街道缺乏自行车道的空间。最近，乔安娜·赖特(Joanna Wright)因提议关闭通往巴斯大学的北路(North Road)而被免去了巴斯大学气候变化负责人的职务。在两年的时间里，她无法在街道上安装任何电动汽车充电点，部分原因是要获得许可挖掘旧人行道的“噩梦”。)”以及最后一段“All this means going carbon neutral by 2030 looks hard, but the city is at least beginning to make compromises. In March it launched the first “clean-air zone” outside London, charging drivers to enter central Bath. A trial has made 160 electric motoreycles available to hire. And local opinion seems to be shifting in favour of sustainability.( 所有这些都意味着，到2030年实现碳中和看起来很难，但这座城市至少开始做出妥协。今年3月，它在伦敦以外推出了首个“清洁空气区”，向进入巴斯市中心的司机收费。一项试验已使160辆电动摩托车可供租用。而且当地的观点似乎正在转向支持可持续发展。)”可知，巴斯的当地人过去更喜欢遗产而不是可持续性。故选D项。 六、七选五 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．A 4．D 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了艺术的不同形式以及作用。 1．根据上文“Art has always been a mirror reflecting human culture. From ancient cave paintings to digital works, it carries emotions, records history, and challenges perspectives.(艺术一直是反映人类文化的一面镜子。从古老的洞穴壁画到数字作品，它承载着情感，记录着历史，挑战着视角)”可知，上文提到从壁画到数字作品，艺术记录着历史，本句承接上文，说明艺术会随着技术进步而发现改变，故C选项“每一种文化，无论其技术进步如何，都有其艺术表现形式”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据后文“Van Gogh’s swirling stars in The Starry Night, for instance, translate inner disturbance into visible beauty, while Picasso’s Guernica uses twisted shapes to show the pain of war. Meanwhile, modern street art transforms urban spaces into open galleries, proving art isn’t limited to museums.(例如，梵高在《星夜》中旋转的星星将内心的不安转化为可见的美，而毕加索的《格尔尼卡》则用扭曲的形状来表现战争的痛苦。与此同时，现代街头艺术将城市空间变成了开放的画廊，证明了艺术并不局限于博物馆)”可知，本句作为本段主旨句，引出了视觉艺术能够将情感可视化的观点。故G选项“像绘画和雕塑这样的视觉艺术使我们能够‘看到’情感”符合语境，故选G。 3．根据上文“Performance art demands physical presence from both creators and viewers.(行为艺术要求创作者和观众都在场)”以及后文“A dancer’s leap or an actor’s speech creates instant emotional connections with audiences. This live connection makes performance art good for discussing social issues, like plays about fairness between different groups.(舞者的一跳或演员的演讲都能与观众产生即时的情感联系。这种现场联系使得行为艺术很适合讨论社会问题，比如关于不同群体之间公平的戏剧)”可知，上文强调了行为艺术的特点，本句进一步阐述了行为艺术（以戏剧为例）与静态视觉艺术的区别，突出了现场互动这一特点，与前文提到的行为艺术要求亲身在场以及后文所说的与观众建立即时情感联系的内容相契合。故A选项“与静止的视觉艺术不同，这种形式，比如戏剧，是基于现场互动的”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据上文“Literature, however, lives through imagination.(然而，文学存在于想象之中)”以及后文“When reading Shakespeare’s Hamlet, we don’t see detailed stage designs, yet vivid scenes form in our minds — the dark castle or Hamlet’s troubled face. This mental co-creation between writer and reader is literature’s unique magic.(当我们读莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》时，我们看不到详细的舞台设计，但生动的场景却在我们的脑海中形成——黑暗的城堡或哈姆雷特烦恼的脸。作者和读者之间的这种精神上的共同创造是文学的独特魔力)”可知，此处是在介绍文学和艺术的不同之处。故D选项“与视觉艺术不同，它需要我们主动建构意义”符合语境，故选D。 5．根据上文“The educational value of art is increasingly recognized in schools worldwide. Studies show students engaged in arts develop better critical thinking and care more about others’ feelings. Beyond personal growth, public art projects can unite communities.(世界各地的学校越来越认识到艺术的教育价值。研究表明，参与艺术活动的学生能培养出更好的批判性思维，也更关心他人的感受。除了个人成长，公共艺术项目还可以团结社区)”可知，上文提到了公共艺术项目在团结社区方面的作用，本句对此进行举例论述，支持公共艺术能团结社区的观点，即通过培养共同身份认同感和促进对话来实现。故F选项“例如，一幅由邻里居民集体绘制的壁画，促进了共同的身份认同和对话”符合语境，故选F。 七、完形填空 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了校长Amelia Brooks如何通过改革 Riverside Park High School 这所特殊学校，帮助有行为问题的男孩们重建信任、改变命运的故事。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个12岁的孩子，他过去的行为如此“难对付”，以至于已经被其他四所学校开除。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. challenging有挑战性的，难对付的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。根据下文“he has been excluded from four other schools (他已被四所其他学校开除)”可知，他的行为对学校管理者来说是“难以应付的、有挑战性的”。故选B。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：只有他手指间捏得嘎吱作响的塑料杯暴露出他的紧张。A. give away 泄露，暴露；B. get over克服；C. hand in提交；D. result in导致。根据前文“the plastic cup being crunched(使发出嘎吱声)between his fingers(塑料杯在他的手指间嘎吱作响)”可知，捏杯子的动作是无意中“暴露”了他的紧张情绪。故选A。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这所学校的大多数学生，都是男生，被警方所知，或者即使不是完全暴力，也有好斗的名声。A. gentle温和的；B. unreliable不可靠的；C. arrogant傲慢的；D. aggressive好斗的，有攻击性的。根据下文“if not outright violent (即使不是完全暴力)”可知，此处应填入一个与“暴力”程度稍轻但性质相近的词，描述学生普遍具有攻击性。故选D。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：传统的观点是，他们成年后将靠社会福利生活，并很可能最终会进监狱。A. end up最终成为，最终处于；B. turn out结果是；C. show off炫耀；D. come across偶然遇到。根据前文“Most of its students, all boys, are known to the police, or have a reputation for being ____3___, if not outright violent. (这所学校的大多数学生，都是男生，被警方所知，或者即使不是完全暴力，也有好斗的名声。)”可知，此处表示在普通人的眼里，他们人生轨迹的最终结局是进监狱。故选A。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们过上幸福或充实生活的机会被认为是微乎其微的。A. uncertain不确定的；B. slight微小的；C. random随机的；D. multiple多重的。根据上文“The conventional view is that as adults they will live on social welfare benefits and probably ___4_____in prison.(传统的观点是，他们成年后将靠社会福利生活，并很可能最终会进监狱。)”可知，前文讲了对这些学生的悲观的预期(靠福利、进监狱)，因此此处应表示他们获得幸福生活的机会被认为是非常“微小的”。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是一位前历史老师，她认识到排斥有行为困难的孩子常常会把他们推入刑事司法系统。A. supporting支持；B. excluding排斥，排除；C. raising抚养；D. interviewing采访。根据第二段中“he has been excluded from four other schools (他已被四所其他学校开除)”，可知，传统做法往往是“排斥”这些问题学生，而这种做法会导致他们走上犯罪道路。故选B。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我的目标是建立一所能够降低那种可能性的学校，”她说。A. pressure压力；B. likelihood可能性；C. risk风险；D. uncertainty不确定性。根据上文“____6____children with behavioral difficulties often pushed them into the criminal justice system.(排斥行为困难的孩子往往会把他们推入刑事司法系统)”可知，Brooks校长的目标是降低“这种可能性”。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她让男孩们装饰浴室，这样浴室就成了自豪感的来源，而不是与欺凌相关联的空间。A. satisfaction满意；B. gratitude感激；C. tension紧张；D. pride自豪。根据上文“First Brooks painted the blue walls a mixture of vibrant and calm colours. She got the boys to decorate the bathrooms...(首先，Brooks把蓝色的墙壁涂成充满活力和平静的混合颜色。她让男孩们装饰浴室……)”可知，通过让学生们亲自参与装饰，他们会对这些自己创造的空间产生“自豪感”，从而改变空间的性质。故选D。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但她最大的想法涉及撕毁学校管理的规则手册。A. tearing up撕毁；B. taking over接管；C. putting on穿上，上演；D. breaking down分解，抛锚。根据上文“She kept a dog, Buddy, who is often the first point of contact for disturbed boys when they arrive in the school. These days the walls are filled with photographs of boys bonding together and playing sports.(她养了一只叫巴迪的狗，孩子们来到学校后经常是先与它接触。这些天，墙上挂满了男孩们聚在一起做运动的照片。)”及下文“She developed a set of practices tailor-made...(她制定了一套量身定制的做法……)”可知，校长进行了根本性的、颠覆传统的改革，因此是“撕毁(即彻底摒弃)”旧的规则手册。故选A。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她制定了一套量身定做的实践方法，为男孩们提供情感支持。A. physical身体的；B. personal个人的；C. emotional情感的；D. material物质的。根据下文“If the school feels like an amiably unruly family, Brooks is definitely the matriarch .(如果这所学校感觉像是一个友好的不守规矩的家庭，Brooks绝对是女家长)”可知，校长设法让学生在这儿感受到家庭般的温暖，为学生们提供了情感支持。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们正在努力做的是与孩子们建立关系，”她说。A. neighborships邻里关系；B. partnerships伙伴关系；C. relationships关系，联系；D. ownerships所有权。根据上文“She developed a set of practices tailor-made to provide____10____support for the boys.(她制定了一套量身定做的实践方法，为男孩们提供情感支持。)”和下文的“rebuild some of the trust (重建信任)”可知，学校在努力与孩子们建立良好的“关系”。故选C。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很久以前，她用激励性的学习主题取代了原来的课程，这些主题与男孩们相关，并能获得职业资格。A. motivating激励性的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. relevant相关的。根据下文“    ...lead to vocational qualifications(最终可获得职业资格证书)”可知，这些学习主题是可以让学生们学有所用的，所以必须是与他们生活和未来“相关的”。故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一个果汁吧鼓励健康饮食，还有一个美容美发沙龙，旨在使男孩们能够与他人进行健康的身体接触。A. enable使能够；B. persuade说服；C. force强迫；D. ask要求。根据上文“There is a juice bar to encourage healthy eating, and a beauty and hairdressing salon(有一个果汁吧鼓励健康饮食，还有一个美容美发沙龙)”可知，美容美发沙龙提供了一个环境和平台，其功能应该是使他们能够进行健康的身体接触。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和一位母亲交谈，她的儿子从一个骂人、扔椅子的男孩，变成了一个不愿错过一天上学的孩子。A. enjoy享受；B. skip跳过，逃(学)；C. miss错过；D. leave离开。根据上文“has changed from a boy who swore and threw chairs, to...(从一个骂人、扔椅子的男孩，变成了……)”，可知，此处应该要表达孩子发生了积极的转变，变得喜欢上学，所以不愿意“错过”任何一天。故选C。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于一个有破坏行为历史的16岁孩子来说，这标志着一个鼓舞人心的变化。A. lasting持久的；B. positive积极的；C. encouraging鼓舞人心的；D. gradual逐渐的。根据上文“when she first met him his hood always covered his face. As I leave, he teases a friend that he should give me a lift home.(她第一次见到他时，他的兜帽总是遮住脸。在我离开的时候，他逗一个朋友让我搭他的车回家。)”可知，该学生从过去用兜帽遮脸、行为叛逆，到现在主动开玩笑、与人互动，这是一个“鼓舞人心的”行为转变。故选C。 八、语法填空 【答案】 1．lies 2．where 3．a 4．countless 5．with 6．reflecting 7．unearthed 8．diversity 9．and 10．closer 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了位于宁夏回族自治区贺兰山东麓的西夏王陵，包括其所处位置、历史背景（党项族迁徙与文化交融及西夏政权建立）、出土文物（西夏鎏金铜牛、带西夏文的石刻碎片和钱币等）的价值，以及西夏王陵作为文化遗产的地位和近年来考古等领域发展对其的影响。 1．考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意：在宁夏回族自治区贺兰山东麓，坐落着一片沉寂了千年的土地。此处为倒装句，主语是“a land”（单数名词），陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填lies。 2．考查定语从句。句意：这种丰富的文化交流最终促成了西夏政权在银川平原的建立，在这里，多样的传统相遇、交融，并逐渐融合成一种独特的文明。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“the Yinchuan Plain”（表示地点），从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 3．考查冠词。句意：这种丰富的文化交流最终促成了西夏政权在银川平原的建立，在这里，多样的传统相遇、交融，并逐渐融合成一种独特的文明。“civilization”此处为可数名词单数，表泛指“一种独特的文明”，且“unique”是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 4．考查形容词。句意：在西夏王陵出土的无数文物中，西夏鎏金铜牛身形健壮、犄角高耸、肌肉饱满有力，栩栩如生。此处修饰名词“artifacts”，需用形容词作定语；结合语境，表“无数的”，应用countless。故填countless。 5．考查介词。句意：在西夏王陵出土的无数文物中，西夏鎏金铜牛身形健壮、犄角高耸、肌肉饱满有力，栩栩如生。此处表示“具有……特征”，应用介词with，后接名词短语描述鎏金铜牛的外形特点。故填with。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：这件引人注目的雕像堪称西夏金属工艺的杰作，既体现了精湛的工艺，也彰显了其背后先进的文明。此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，“reflect”与逻辑主语“This striking statue”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填reflecting。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，从王陵中出土的带有西夏文的石刻碎片和钱币，成为了解西夏历史文化的重要资料。此处为非谓语动词作定语，“unearth”与逻辑主语“fragments of stone inscriptions and coins”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填unearthed。 8．考查名词。句意：尽管西夏政权早已消失，但西夏王陵依然屹立，是中华文明多元一体的有力见证。此处位于介词“in”后，需用名词作宾语；“diverse”的名词形式是diversity，“unity in diversity”为固定表达，意为“多元一体”。故填diversity。 9．考查连词。句意：它是全国重点文物保护单位，且被列入《世界遗产名录》，在人类文明史上写下了浓墨重彩的一笔。“a nationally protected cultural heritage site”与“included in the World Heritage List”是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 10．考查副词比较级。句意：近年来，考古学、数字保护和公共教育的发展，让人们与西夏王陵的距离更近了。结合语境，此处暗含“与过去相比更近”的比较含义，应用副词比较级closer。故填closer。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $