Unit 4 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading（分层作业）英语译林版选择性必修第三册

Unit 4 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading分层练习 参考答案 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文 【答案】 1. be fascinated by 2. in urgent need of 3. wear down 4. break out 5. on purpose 6. give rise to 7. take… as an example 8. be acknowledged as 9. be home to 10. for the benefit of 二、根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词 【答案】 1. 1. ruined　2. internal　3. preserved　4. outcome 5. urgent　6. assessing　7. conflict(s)　8. collapsed 9. civilization　10. suspended 三、单句语法填空 【答案】 1. Violence　2. consultation/consulting　3. incredibly　4. urgency　5. assessment　 6. be preserved　7. with 8. where　9. how　10. (should) be taken 四、根据要求翻译句子 【答案】 1. allow for wear and tear　 2. at the thought of being discovered/spotted and shot　 3. the more he explained, the more confused I became　 4. the conflicts between hospitals and patients　 5. being reduced to ruins　 6. threaten the ecology of the planet　 7. is the position of the earth changing　 8. to assess what effects it may have 五、阅读理解 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章围绕英国遗产组织的成本削减计划展开，指出该计划可能导致员工裁减、开放时间缩短，进而影响其运营质量；文章对比了该组织与英国国家信托基金的差异，回顾了其脱离政府资助成为独立实体的背景，强调专家资源对文化遗产保护的重要性，呼吁重视并保护这一文化领域。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Reports that English Heritage, the charity that runs more than 400 state-owned buildings and monuments, plans to reduce its staff and opening hours as part of a cost-cutting drive should worry anyone who cares about the nation’s culture (有报道称，运营着400多处国有建筑和纪念碑的慈善机构英国遗产组织计划裁减员工、缩短开放时间，作为成本削减举措的一部分，这理应让所有关心国家文化的人感到担忧)”、第四段“Instead, just a couple of years after public funding was fully phased out, there is a real chance that the charity’s work will be degraded as a result of the need to make savings (相反，在公共资金完全停止后的短短几年内，由于需要节省开支，该慈善机构的工作质量极有可能下降)”以及第五段“MPs, members and anyone with an interest in the heritage sector should be dismayed by the prospect of the charity’s workforce being deskilled, if curators are replaced by other staff, as has been reported (有报道称，若策展人被其他员工取代，该慈善机构员工将面临技能退化的前景，国会议员、该组织会员以及所有关注遗产领域的人都应为此感到沮丧)”可知，作者最担心的是成本削减计划会导致英国遗产组织的工作质量下降。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Stonehenge has 1.5 million visitors annually (巨石阵每年有150万游客)”以及第二段“It and other jewels in the charity’s crown will be left alone by the accountants. Winter closures are planned only at less-favoured sites where visitors are sparse, bosses have said (负责人表示，它和该慈善机构王冠上的其他珠宝不会被会计人员盯上。冬季关闭计划仅针对那些游客稀少的不受欢迎景点)”可知，“It”指代前文提及的游客众多的巨石阵，“jewels in the charity’s crown”引申为该组织旗下像巨石阵这样受欢迎、有价值的核心景点，这句话的意思是这些优质景点不会成为成本削减的目标，只有那些游客稀少的冷门景点会被计划冬季关闭。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Measured by members and income, English Heritage is roughly a fifth of the Trust’s size (以会员数量和收入来衡量，英国遗产组织的规模大约是国家信托基金的五分之一)”可知，从会员数量和收入来看，英国遗产组织的规模大约是国家信托基金的五分之一。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇介绍英国遗产组织的成本削减计划及引发的担忧，随后对比其与国家信托基金的差异，回顾2015年脱离政府资助成为独立实体的背景，阐述成本削减可能带来的员工技能退化、工作质量下降等负面影响，最后强调专家对文化遗产保护的重要性并呼吁保护这一文化领域，全文围绕英国遗产组织从依赖政府资助到如今面临成本削减挑战的过程展开。选项B“英国遗产组织：从公共资助到成本削减的挑战”能够概括全文主旨，适合用作标题。故选B。 六、七选五 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了科技对文化遗产保护的作用。 1．根据空前“Yet we fight a never ending and very expensive war to preserve it for the future. And today, it is under attack as never before. Technology is often seen as something that destroys the past.(然而，为了保护它的未来，我们打了一场永不停息、代价高昂的战争。今天，它正遭受前所未有的攻击。科技通常被认为是破坏过去的东西。)”可知，前面说到了科技的不利方面。强调了科技在保护过去东西时带来的破坏；而下文内容主要讲述科技对于文化遗产保护等方面的作用，所以此处与前文应该是转折关系，C项“But it is now the most essential weapon in the battle. (但它现在是（文化遗产保护）战斗中最重要的武器。)中的 “but”是表示转折的连词，符合上下文符合语境。故选C。 2．根据空前“Creating copies via 2D images is extremely laborious and time-consuming. AI technologies are being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing lots of images to be cross-referenced and stored in a matter of hours. (通过2D图像创建副本是非常费力和耗时的。人工智能技术被用于完成所有必需的采购工作，允许在几小时内交叉引用并存储大量图像。)”可知，这里强调了人工智能技术在创建副本方面的重要功能，空处承接上文，引出下文“AI will also make restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and vastly superior to previous methods.(人工智能还将使现有文化遗产的修复和保护变得更容易，而且大大优于以往的方法。)”，E项“With high efficiency, this will enable more accurate copies to be created：(在高效的情况下，这将能够创建更准确和更好的副本。)中“this”指代空前一句话的内容，符合上下文语境。故选E。 3．根据空前“Airborne technology (机载技术) is being increasingly used in the fight to preserve our cultural heritage.(在保护文化遗产的斗争中，越来越多地使用机载技术。)”空处承接上文，说明出机载技术的作用。同时引出下文“LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) has already been used to reveal over 60,000 Mayan structures that were lying undiscovered in the jungles of Guatemala, without needing a single boot on the ground. (激光雷达(光探测和测距)已经被用于揭示在瓜塔马拉丛林中未被发现的6万多座玛雅建筑，而不需要在地面上踩一踩。)，A项“It is being used to save and find undiscovered ones.(它被用来保存和发现更多。)”中对的“It”指代上文的“Airborne technology (机载技术)”，符合上下文语境。故选A。 4．根据空前“Human interaction with the most important sites and architecture is doing a great deal of harm. Virtual reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. (人类与最重要的遗址和建筑的交互正在造成巨大的危害。未来几年，虚拟现实(VR)技术将在保护我们的文化遗产方面发挥主导作用。)”，空处承接上文，引出下文“VR technology will gradually become the way that people experience them.”(VR技术将逐渐成为人们体验它们的方式。)”，根据空后的标点符号“,”可知空处应填一从句，而且后文的“them”指代F选项中的“As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded sites.(随着越来越多的文化遗址和文物被数字化测绘和记录。)”，符合上下文语境。故选F。 5．空处位于段首，是本段的主旨句。根据空后“Efforts in research, data sharing and project work will need to be pooled internationally.Using the technical expertness of specialist organizations will become ever more important to sustainably promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world.(在研究、数据共享和项目工作方面的努力需要在国际上集中起来。利用专家组织的技术专长对可持续地促进和保护世界各国的文化遗产将变得越来越重要。)”可知空后主要内容是围绕着国际在技术合作的共同努力保护越来越多的文化遗产所要做的努力。空后的“Efforts”指的是通过技术合作保护文化遗产。D项“Our cultural heritage will be protected via technology.(我们的文化遗产将通过技术来保护。)”，符合上下文语境。故选D。 七、完形填空 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过一次带领学生去森林边缘的经历，教导学生们不要因为对未知的恐惧而忽略了当下的美好，要珍惜并享受当下的每一刻。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：感觉到他们的好奇，我决定让他们亲身体验来领悟其中的道理，而非仅仅用言语解释。A. Ignoring忽视；B. Generating产生；C. Sensing感觉到；D. Celebrating庆祝。根据上文“a thoughtful boy named Jack raised his hand. “Why do so many people feel lost?” he asked.”和下文“I decided to show them the ropes through experience rather than simply 2 .”可知，作者感觉到学生们的好奇心，所以决定通过亲身体验来教导他们。故选C项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感觉到了他们的好奇心，决定通过经验来指导他们，而不是简单地解释。A. complain抱怨；B. explain解释；C. associate联系；D. announce宣布。根据上文“I decided to show them the ropes through experience”可知，作者决定通过让学生们亲身体验来教导他们，而不是简单地解释，“explain”与“through experience”形成对比。故选B项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“跟我来，”我说着，领着他们朝附近的森林走去。A. forest森林；B. stream溪流；C. desert沙漠；D. mountain山。根据下文“After forty minutes, we stopped at the forest’s edge.”可知，作者领着学生们朝附近的森林走去。故选A项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们能活下来吗？”后面有个声音颤抖着说。A. grab抓住；B. enjoy享受；C. remember记住；D. survive生存。根据上文““Why are we going there?” Emma murmured. “Are there wild animals?” Liam added nervously.”可知，学生们对要去森林感到紧张和不安，担心是否能活下来。故选D项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我保持沉默，平静地向前走着。A. curious好奇的；B. relieved宽慰的；C. silent沉默的；D. amused好笑的。根据下文“walking calmly ahead”和“yet I said nothing”可知，作者并没有回应学生们的担忧，只是保持沉默，平静地向前走着。故选C项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们跟在我后面，脑子里充满了猜测。A. guesses猜测；B. decisions决定；C. plans计划；D. jokes玩笑。根据上文“Whispers filled the air.”和下文“Some panicked over 7 lions; others pictured snakes.”可知，学生们很紧张，脑子里充满了各种猜测。故选A项。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些人对想象中的狮子感到恐慌；其他人则想象着蛇。A. impressive印象深刻的；B. imaginary想象的；C. fierce凶猛的；D. hungry饥饿的。根据上文“their minds racing with 6 .”和下文“others pictured snakes”可知，狮子和蛇都学生们想象出来的。故选B项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每走一步，他们的焦虑都在增加，但我什么也没说。A. fell跌倒；B. varied变化；C. faded褪色；D. grew增长。根据上文“Some panicked over 7 lions; others pictured snakes.”可推知，学生们脑海里想象了很多可怕的情况，所以每走一步，他们的焦虑都在增加。故选D项。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我转向他们，笑了。A. Calling on号召；B. Turning to转向；C. Pointing at指着；D. Waiting for等待。根据上文“I stayed 5 , walking calmly ahead.”和“After forty minutes, we stopped at the forest’s edge.”可知，作者一直走在前面，现在停下来，所以作者要转向学生们，给他们说话。故选B项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你们太专注于对未知的恐惧了，”我继续说，“以至于你们错过了鸟儿的歌唱，阳光透过树叶的过滤，以及你们周围的美好事物。”A. fear恐惧；B. anger愤怒；C. joy快乐；D. hope希望。根据上文“Some panicked over 7 lions; others pictured snakes.”和下文“If we let fear take over, we’ll miss its wonders.”可知，学生们太专注于对未知的恐惧了，忽略了身边的其它美好事物。故选A项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们太专注于对未知的恐惧了，”我继续说，“以至于你们错过了鸟儿的歌唱，阳光透过树叶的过滤，以及你们周围的美好事物。”A. heard听到；B. avoided避免；C. missed错过；D. recorded记录。根据上文““Don’t worry — we won’t be entering. But tell me, what did you notice on our way here?” The students fell silent.”和“You were so caught up in 10 of the unknown”可知，学生们太专注于对未知的恐惧了，以至于错过了身边的其它美好事物。故选C项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你们太专注于对未知的恐惧了，”我继续说，“以至于你们错过了鸟儿的歌唱，阳光透过树叶的过滤，以及你们周围的美好事物。”A. mystery神秘；B. harmony和谐；C. warmth温暖；D. beauty美好的事物。根据上文“the birds singing, the sunlight filtering through the leaves”可知，学生们错过的是周围的美好事物。故选D项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰克恍然大悟。“所以……我们太担心未来了，以至于忘记了现在的生活？”A. refuse拒绝；B. forget忘记；C. pretend假装；D. hate讨厌。根据前文可知，作者告诉学生，他们太专注于对未知的恐惧了，以至于错过了身边的其它美好事物。结合上文“we worry so much about the future”和下文“to live now”可知，现在Jack明白了这个道理，即自己太担心未来，以至于忘记了现在的生活。故选B项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“完全正确，”我回答说。“生活是一场旅行。如果我们让恐惧占据主导，我们就会错过它的奇迹。”A. game游戏；B. battle战斗；C. journey旅行；D. gift礼物。根据上文可知，作者通过带领学生走路去森林边缘的体验来比喻人生，用“journey”最贴切，即可以指他们这次徒步旅行，也指人生的旅行。故选C项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这节课很简单，但意义深远：现在塑造了未来。A. luck运气；B. chance机会；C. effort努力；D. present现在。根据上文“So…we worry so much about the future that we 13 to live now?”和“If we let fear take over, we’ll miss its wonders.”可知，作者告诫学生们不要因为对未来的担忧而忘记了现在的生活，结合下文“Don’t let fear steal today’s gifts.”可推知，作者认为现在很重要，塑造了我们的未来，所以不能因为对未来的担忧而错过现在周围的美好事物。故选D项。 八、语法填空 【答案】 1．centuries 2．who 3．ate 4．in 5．cooked 6．to help 7．finally 8．earliest 9．dating 10．were found 【导语】这是一篇说明文。几个世纪以来，使用筷子一直是中国饮食文化的重要组成部分。文章主要介绍了筷子的发明过程，以及迄今为止，考古学家发现的最早的筷子有3000多年的历史，可以追溯到商朝。 1．考查名词。句意：几个世纪以来，使用筷子一直是中国饮食文化的重要组成部分。for centuries“几个世纪”，固定短语作状语。故填centuries。 2．考查定语从句。句意：那么筷子是怎么产生的呢？据说古代中国的一位领袖大禹，在帮助民众抗击洪水的过程中发明了筷子。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Dayu，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who。故填who。 3．考查动词时态。句意：在那些日子里，人们都是用手吃饭的。根据上文In those days可知，描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填ate。 4．考查介词。句意：特别是到了夏天，他急着处理突发事件，不想等着吃饭。根据句意表示“特别，尤其”，短语为in particular，作状语。故填in。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：锅里煮的肉太烫了，他没法用手去拿。分析句子结构可知，cook在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语meat构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填cooked。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：于是有一天，大禹捡了些树枝，用来帮助自己固定住肉块。分析句子结构可知help在句中应用非谓语动词形式，本句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to help。 7．考查副词。句意：于是这些细枝最终演变成了我们如今所熟知的筷子。修饰后文动词became应用副词finally，表示“最后”，作状语。故填finally。 8．考查形容词最高级。句意：迄今为止，考古学家发现的最早的筷子有3000多年的历史，可以追溯到商朝。根据上文定冠词the以及句意表示“最早的”可知，应填形容词最高级earliest作定语，修饰chopsticks。故填earliest。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。date此处用非谓语动词形式作状语，不及物动词，与主语chopsticks是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填dating。 10．考查动词时态语态。句意：在河南省安阳市的殷墟（中国最古老的考古遗址之一）中，发现了六根青铜筷子。find作谓语，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，且find与主语chopsticks是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是复数，故填were found。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文 1. 对……着迷__________________ 2. 急需__________________ 3. 侵蚀__________________ 4. 爆发__________________ 5. 故意地__________________ 6. 带来，造成__________________ 7. 以……为例__________________ 8. 被公认为__________________ 9. 是……的家园__________________ 10. 为了……的利益__________________ 二、根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词 1. The entire village has been washed away. Roads and bridges have been destroyed and crops r________． 2. A combination of i________ and external factors caused the company to close down. 3. Protective measures are necessary if the city's monuments are to be p________． 4. There were only five minutes left in the game, but the o________ was still in doubt. 5. The matter is u________ and something's got to be done about it at once. 6. Standard measurements of blood pressure are an important but crude way of ________ (评估) the risk of heart disease or strokes. 7. Learning how to resolve ________ (冲突) helps interpersonal relationships run more smoothly. 8. The roof support structure had ________ (倒塌) and the entire weight was bearing down on the ceiling. 9. Two hundred years seems like the blink of an eye in the history of Chinese ________ (文明)． 10. Every semester we get a few students who have their borrowing privileges ________ (暂停) completely because they haven't returned books. 三、单句语法填空 1. ________ (violent) is a sign of weakness or fear, not a sign of strength or confidence. 2. There is a large collection of texts available for ________ (consult) on­screen for your essay. 3. My mother, who is just shy of five feet tall, is normally ________ (incredible) soft­spoken, but on the rare occasion when she got angry, she was terrifying. 4. The rainy season is coming. It's a matter of great ________ (urgent) to repair the drainage and irrigation equipment. 5. The ________ (assess) for the course involves written assignments and practical tests. 6. Fruits and vegetables are better put into the refrigerator which will ________ (preserve) for several days. 7. She found herself in conflict ________ her parents over her future career. 8. Their child is at the stage ________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. 9. —I wonder ________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years. —By working out every day. 10. It is urgent that effective measures ________ (take) to reduce traffic accidents and make our roads safe. 四、根据要求翻译句子 1. When you calculate the value of the car, you must ____________________ (考虑到损耗情况)． 2. The thief was scared to death ________________________________ (一想到被发现和枪杀), so he handed himself to the police last Tuesday. 3. At first I thought I understood what my teacher said, but ______________________________________ (他解释得越多，我就变得越迷惑)． 4. In recent years, __________________________ (医院和患者之间的冲突) all over the country have been reported from time to time. 5. Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and __________________ (沦为废墟), the city took on a new look. 6. We are reproducing ourselves at such a rate that our numbers __________________________ (对地球的生态造成了威胁). 7. Not only ____________________________ (地球的位置正在变化), but the earth itself is undergoing change. 8. The technique is being tried in classroom ____________________________ (以评估其可能产生的影响)． 五、阅读理解 （25-26高二上·浙江台州·月考）Reports that English Heritage, the charity that runs more than 400 state-owned buildings and monuments, plans to reduce its staff and opening hours as part of a cost-cutting drive should worry anyone who cares about the nation’s culture. These castles, ruins and other sites play an important part in people’s lives — particularly on weekends and holidays, when treasured memories are made. The value placed on access to these historic places can be seen from the fact that more than 1.3 million people are members. Stonehenge has 1.5 million visitors annually. It and other jewels in the charity’s crown will be left alone by the accountants. Winter closures are planned only at less-favoured sites where visitors are sparse, bosses have said. But given that membership, visitor and volunteer numbers are all up, it is concerning that the charity is so short of money that it may cut nearly 200 jobs. English Heritage is a less-glamorous cousin to the UK’s best-known buildings and landscapes charity, the National Trust (which operates in Northern Ireland and Wales as well as England). While the Trust, which was founded in 1895, has an elected council of members, English Heritage’s members get free entry and parking but no voting rights. Measured by members and income, English Heritage is roughly a fifth of the Trust’s size, and has existed in its current form since 2015. This was when David Cameron’s government decided to take away its government grant and spin it off as an independent entity. The optimistic gloss put on this was that it would enable the organisation “to grow with greater freedom”. Instead, just a couple of years after public funding was fully phased out, there is a real chance that the charity’s work will be degraded as a result of the need to make savings. MPs, members and anyone with an interest in the heritage sector should be dismayed by the prospect of the charity’s workforce being deskilled, if curators are replaced by other staff, as has been reported. Tourists as well as local visitors expect high-quality information and displays at landmarks. But these kinds of visits, combining historical education with pleasure (shops, cafes, children’s games), have been decades in the making — with roots in the postwar campaign to democratise leisure by opening up beautiful buildings that were previously the preserve of the very wealthy to the ticket-buying public. Experts are part of this winning formula. It is their knowledge that English Heritage, and other organisations, rely on when designing an experience — for example, the walk around the site of the Battle of Hastings — or updating displays to reflect contemporary concerns. Castles that have survived for hundreds of years can withstand a downturn in their keepers’ fortunes. But the historic public realm that they represent, like the rest of the culture sector, is in need of knights to defend it. 1．What is the author’s main concern about English Heritage? A．Its plan to close some well-known sites in winter. B．The possible decline in the quality of its work due to cost-cutting. C．The fact that it has fewer members than the National Trust. D．Its members’ failure to obtain the voting rights. 2．By saying “It and other jewels in the charity’s crown will be left alone by the accountants”, the author means __________ A．The accountants will avoid making major cost cuts at jewels in the crowns displayed in those sites. B．Less-favoured sites with sparse visitors will be temporarily closed in winter except those with jewels in crowns. C．English Heritage will protect all its historic sites from cost-cutting, especially those with jewels in crowns.​ D．Popular and valuable sites of English Heritage like Stonehenge will not be targeted by cost-cutting measures. 3．What can we learn about English Heritage from the passage? A．It has existed as an independent entity since the National Trust was founded in 1895. B．Its members enjoy free entry and parking with voting rights on the charity’s management. C．It is about one-fifth the scale of the National Trust in terms of membership size and income. D．It received government grants until a few years after 2015, when public funding was fully stopped. 4．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A．English Heritage vs. National Trust: Heritage Protection Differences. B．English Heritage: From Public Funding to Cost-Cutting Challenges. C．Stonehenge & Historic Sites: Need More Funds to Survive. D．Experts’ Role in Preserving English Heritage Sites. 六、七选五 （25-26高二下·吉林长春·期中）Wherever we go, we are surrounded by history. Across the globe, cultural heritage (遗产) is passed down through the generations. Yet we fight a never-ending and very expensive war to preserve it for the future. And today, it is under attack as never before. Technology is often seen as something that destroys the past. 1 . Creating copies via 2D images is extremely laborious and time-consuming. AI technologies are being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing lots of images to be cross-referenced and stored in a matter of hours. 2 . AI will also make restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and vastly superior to previous methods. Airborne technology ( 机载技术) is being increasingly used in the fight to preserve our cultural heritage. 3 . LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) has already been used to reveal over 60,000 Mayan structures that were lying undiscovered in the jungles of Guatemala, without needing a single boot on the ground. Drones ( 无人机) are also being used to excellent effect, documenting and monitoring huge areas and removing the need for all that costly manpower. Human interaction with the most important sites and architecture is doing a great deal of harm. Virtual reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. 4 , VR technology will gradually become the way that people experience them. We’ll all eventually be able to walk through places, look at (and touch!) artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes. 5 . Efforts in research, data sharing and project work will need to be pooled internationally. Using the technical expertness of specialist organizations will become ever more important to sustainably promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world. A．It is being used to save and find undiscovered ones B．Technology has shaped conflict in several ways C．But it is now the most essential weapon in the battle D．Our cultural heritage will be protected via technology E．With high efficiency, this will enable more accurate copies to be created F．As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded G．When it measures distances by hitting a target and analyzing the reflected light 七、完形填空 （25-26高二上·湖南湘潭·期中）One afternoon, as I was diving into life’s deeper questions with my students, a thoughtful boy named Jack raised his hand. “Why do so many people feel lost?” he asked. 1 their curiosity, I decided to show them the ropes through experience rather than simply 2 . “Follow me,” I said, leading them toward the nearby 3 . Whispers filled the air. “Why are we going there?” Emma murmured. “Are there wild animals?” Liam added nervously. “Are we even going to 4 this?” A voice trembled from the back. I stayed 5 , walking calmly ahead. The students trailing behind me, their minds racing with 6 . Some panicked over 7 lions; others pictured snakes. With every step, their anxiety 8 , yet I said nothing. After forty minutes, we stopped at the forest’s edge. 9 them, I smiled. “Don’t worry — we won’t be entering. But tell me, what did you notice on our way here?” The students fell silent. “You were so caught up in 10 of the unknown,” I continued, “that you 11 the birds singing, the sunlight filtering through the leaves, and the 12 around you.” Jack’s eyes lit up with realization. “So…we worry so much about the future that we 13 to live now?” “Exactly,” I replied. “Life is a 14 . If we let fear take over, we’ll miss its wonders.” The students nodded, their faces brightening. As we walked back, they laughed, finally noticing the world they’d overlooked before. The lesson was simple but profound: The 15 shapes the future. Don’t let fear steal today’s gifts. 1．A．Ignoring B．Generating C．Sensing D．Celebrating 2．A．complain B．explain C．associate D．announce 3．A．forest B．stream C．desert D．mountain 4．A．grab B．enjoy C．remember D．survive 5．A．curious B．relieved C．silent D．amused 6．A．guesses B．decisions C．plans D．jokes 7．A．impressive B．imaginary C．fierce D．hungry 8．A．fell B．varied C．faded D．grew 9．A．Calling on B．Turning to C．Pointing at D．Waiting for 10．A．fear B．anger C．joy D．hope 11．A．heard B．avoided C．missed D．recorded 12．A．mystery B．harmony C．warmth D．beauty 13．A．refuse B．forget C．pretend D．hate 14．A．game B．battle C．journey D．gift 15．A．luck B．chance C．effort D．present 八、语法填空 （25-26高二上·湖南长沙·期中）The use of chopsticks has been a big part of Chinese food culture for 1 (century). When Chinese people cook food or pick it up, a pair of chopsticks always comes for use. So how did chopsticks come into being? It’s said that a leader of ancient China, Dayu, 2 helped his people fight floods, invented them. In those days, people 3 (eat) only with their hands. But Dayu was busy preparing for flood control work and often had his meals in the wild. In the summer 4 particular, he hurried to deal with unexpected accidents and didn’t want to wait to eat. The meat 5 (cook) in the pot was too hot to pick up with his hands. So one day Dayu picked up some twigs (细枝) 6 (help) himself hold the meat. Then the twigs 7 (final) became the chopsticks we know today. But of course, this is just a story. The 8 (early) chopsticks which archaeologists (考古学家) have found so far are more than 3,000 years old, 9 (date) back to the Shang Dynasty. The six bronze chopsticks 10 (find) in Yinxu, one of China’s oldest archaeological places, in Anyang, Henan province. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 思维进阶 04 一、将下列短语翻译为英文 1. 对……着迷__________________ 2. 急需__________________ 3. 侵蚀__________________ 4. 爆发__________________ 5. 故意地__________________ 6. 带来，造成__________________ 7. 以……为例__________________ 8. 被公认为__________________ 9. 是……的家园__________________ 10. 为了……的利益__________________ 【答案】 1. be fascinated by 2. in urgent need of 3. wear down 4. break out 5. on purpose 6. give rise to 7. take… as an example 8. be acknowledged as 9. be home to 10. for the benefit of 二、根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词 1. The entire village has been washed away. Roads and bridges have been destroyed and crops r________． 2. A combination of i________ and external factors caused the company to close down. 3. Protective measures are necessary if the city's monuments are to be p________． 4. There were only five minutes left in the game, but the o________ was still in doubt. 5. The matter is u________ and something's got to be done about it at once. 6. Standard measurements of blood pressure are an important but crude way of ________ (评估) the risk of heart disease or strokes. 7. Learning how to resolve ________ (冲突) helps interpersonal relationships run more smoothly. 8. The roof support structure had ________ (倒塌) and the entire weight was bearing down on the ceiling. 9. Two hundred years seems like the blink of an eye in the history of Chinese ________ (文明)． 10. Every semester we get a few students who have their borrowing privileges ________ (暂停) completely because they haven't returned books. 【答案】 1. 1. ruined　2. internal　3. preserved　4. outcome 5. urgent　6. assessing　7. conflict(s)　8. collapsed 9. civilization　10. suspended 三、单句语法填空 1. ________ (violent) is a sign of weakness or fear, not a sign of strength or confidence. 2. There is a large collection of texts available for ________ (consult) on­screen for your essay. 3. My mother, who is just shy of five feet tall, is normally ________ (incredible) soft­spoken, but on the rare occasion when she got angry, she was terrifying. 4. The rainy season is coming. It's a matter of great ________ (urgent) to repair the drainage and irrigation equipment. 5. The ________ (assess) for the course involves written assignments and practical tests. 6. Fruits and vegetables are better put into the refrigerator which will ________ (preserve) for several days. 7. She found herself in conflict ________ her parents over her future career. 8. Their child is at the stage ________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. 9. —I wonder ________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years. —By working out every day. 10. It is urgent that effective measures ________ (take) to reduce traffic accidents and make our roads safe. 【答案】 1. Violence　2. consultation/consulting　3. incredibly　4. urgency　5. assessment　 6. be preserved　7. with 8. where　9. how　10. (should) be taken 四、根据要求翻译句子 1. When you calculate the value of the car, you must ____________________ (考虑到损耗情况)． 2. The thief was scared to death ________________________________ (一想到被发现和枪杀), so he handed himself to the police last Tuesday. 3. At first I thought I understood what my teacher said, but ______________________________________ (他解释得越多，我就变得越迷惑)． 4. In recent years, __________________________ (医院和患者之间的冲突) all over the country have been reported from time to time. 5. Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and __________________ (沦为废墟), the city took on a new look. 6. We are reproducing ourselves at such a rate that our numbers __________________________ (对地球的生态造成了威胁). 7. Not only ____________________________ (地球的位置正在变化), but the earth itself is undergoing change. 8. The technique is being tried in classroom ____________________________ (以评估其可能产生的影响)． 【答案】 1. allow for wear and tear　 2. at the thought of being discovered/spotted and shot　 3. the more he explained, the more confused I became　 4. the conflicts between hospitals and patients　 5. being reduced to ruins　 6. threaten the ecology of the planet　 7. is the position of the earth changing　 8. to assess what effects it may have 五、阅读理解 （25-26高二上·浙江台州·月考）Reports that English Heritage, the charity that runs more than 400 state-owned buildings and monuments, plans to reduce its staff and opening hours as part of a cost-cutting drive should worry anyone who cares about the nation’s culture. These castles, ruins and other sites play an important part in people’s lives — particularly on weekends and holidays, when treasured memories are made. The value placed on access to these historic places can be seen from the fact that more than 1.3 million people are members. Stonehenge has 1.5 million visitors annually. It and other jewels in the charity’s crown will be left alone by the accountants. Winter closures are planned only at less-favoured sites where visitors are sparse, bosses have said. But given that membership, visitor and volunteer numbers are all up, it is concerning that the charity is so short of money that it may cut nearly 200 jobs. English Heritage is a less-glamorous cousin to the UK’s best-known buildings and landscapes charity, the National Trust (which operates in Northern Ireland and Wales as well as England). While the Trust, which was founded in 1895, has an elected council of members, English Heritage’s members get free entry and parking but no voting rights. Measured by members and income, English Heritage is roughly a fifth of the Trust’s size, and has existed in its current form since 2015. This was when David Cameron’s government decided to take away its government grant and spin it off as an independent entity. The optimistic gloss put on this was that it would enable the organisation “to grow with greater freedom”. Instead, just a couple of years after public funding was fully phased out, there is a real chance that the charity’s work will be degraded as a result of the need to make savings. MPs, members and anyone with an interest in the heritage sector should be dismayed by the prospect of the charity’s workforce being deskilled, if curators are replaced by other staff, as has been reported. Tourists as well as local visitors expect high-quality information and displays at landmarks. But these kinds of visits, combining historical education with pleasure (shops, cafes, children’s games), have been decades in the making — with roots in the postwar campaign to democratise leisure by opening up beautiful buildings that were previously the preserve of the very wealthy to the ticket-buying public. Experts are part of this winning formula. It is their knowledge that English Heritage, and other organisations, rely on when designing an experience — for example, the walk around the site of the Battle of Hastings — or updating displays to reflect contemporary concerns. Castles that have survived for hundreds of years can withstand a downturn in their keepers’ fortunes. But the historic public realm that they represent, like the rest of the culture sector, is in need of knights to defend it. 1．What is the author’s main concern about English Heritage? A．Its plan to close some well-known sites in winter. B．The possible decline in the quality of its work due to cost-cutting. C．The fact that it has fewer members than the National Trust. D．Its members’ failure to obtain the voting rights. 2．By saying “It and other jewels in the charity’s crown will be left alone by the accountants”, the author means __________ A．The accountants will avoid making major cost cuts at jewels in the crowns displayed in those sites. B．Less-favoured sites with sparse visitors will be temporarily closed in winter except those with jewels in crowns. C．English Heritage will protect all its historic sites from cost-cutting, especially those with jewels in crowns.​ D．Popular and valuable sites of English Heritage like Stonehenge will not be targeted by cost-cutting measures. 3．What can we learn about English Heritage from the passage? A．It has existed as an independent entity since the National Trust was founded in 1895. B．Its members enjoy free entry and parking with voting rights on the charity’s management. C．It is about one-fifth the scale of the National Trust in terms of membership size and income. D．It received government grants until a few years after 2015, when public funding was fully stopped. 4．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A．English Heritage vs. National Trust: Heritage Protection Differences. B．English Heritage: From Public Funding to Cost-Cutting Challenges. C．Stonehenge & Historic Sites: Need More Funds to Survive. D．Experts’ Role in Preserving English Heritage Sites. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章围绕英国遗产组织的成本削减计划展开，指出该计划可能导致员工裁减、开放时间缩短，进而影响其运营质量；文章对比了该组织与英国国家信托基金的差异，回顾了其脱离政府资助成为独立实体的背景，强调专家资源对文化遗产保护的重要性，呼吁重视并保护这一文化领域。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Reports that English Heritage, the charity that runs more than 400 state-owned buildings and monuments, plans to reduce its staff and opening hours as part of a cost-cutting drive should worry anyone who cares about the nation’s culture (有报道称，运营着400多处国有建筑和纪念碑的慈善机构英国遗产组织计划裁减员工、缩短开放时间，作为成本削减举措的一部分，这理应让所有关心国家文化的人感到担忧)”、第四段“Instead, just a couple of years after public funding was fully phased out, there is a real chance that the charity’s work will be degraded as a result of the need to make savings (相反，在公共资金完全停止后的短短几年内，由于需要节省开支，该慈善机构的工作质量极有可能下降)”以及第五段“MPs, members and anyone with an interest in the heritage sector should be dismayed by the prospect of the charity’s workforce being deskilled, if curators are replaced by other staff, as has been reported (有报道称，若策展人被其他员工取代，该慈善机构员工将面临技能退化的前景，国会议员、该组织会员以及所有关注遗产领域的人都应为此感到沮丧)”可知，作者最担心的是成本削减计划会导致英国遗产组织的工作质量下降。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Stonehenge has 1.5 million visitors annually (巨石阵每年有150万游客)”以及第二段“It and other jewels in the charity’s crown will be left alone by the accountants. Winter closures are planned only at less-favoured sites where visitors are sparse, bosses have said (负责人表示，它和该慈善机构王冠上的其他珠宝不会被会计人员盯上。冬季关闭计划仅针对那些游客稀少的不受欢迎景点)”可知，“It”指代前文提及的游客众多的巨石阵，“jewels in the charity’s crown”引申为该组织旗下像巨石阵这样受欢迎、有价值的核心景点，这句话的意思是这些优质景点不会成为成本削减的目标，只有那些游客稀少的冷门景点会被计划冬季关闭。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Measured by members and income, English Heritage is roughly a fifth of the Trust’s size (以会员数量和收入来衡量，英国遗产组织的规模大约是国家信托基金的五分之一)”可知，从会员数量和收入来看，英国遗产组织的规模大约是国家信托基金的五分之一。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇介绍英国遗产组织的成本削减计划及引发的担忧，随后对比其与国家信托基金的差异，回顾2015年脱离政府资助成为独立实体的背景，阐述成本削减可能带来的员工技能退化、工作质量下降等负面影响，最后强调专家对文化遗产保护的重要性并呼吁保护这一文化领域，全文围绕英国遗产组织从依赖政府资助到如今面临成本削减挑战的过程展开。选项B“英国遗产组织：从公共资助到成本削减的挑战”能够概括全文主旨，适合用作标题。故选B。 六、七选五 （25-26高二下·吉林长春·期中）Wherever we go, we are surrounded by history. Across the globe, cultural heritage (遗产) is passed down through the generations. Yet we fight a never-ending and very expensive war to preserve it for the future. And today, it is under attack as never before. Technology is often seen as something that destroys the past. 1 . Creating copies via 2D images is extremely laborious and time-consuming. AI technologies are being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing lots of images to be cross-referenced and stored in a matter of hours. 2 . AI will also make restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and vastly superior to previous methods. Airborne technology ( 机载技术) is being increasingly used in the fight to preserve our cultural heritage. 3 . LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) has already been used to reveal over 60,000 Mayan structures that were lying undiscovered in the jungles of Guatemala, without needing a single boot on the ground. Drones ( 无人机) are also being used to excellent effect, documenting and monitoring huge areas and removing the need for all that costly manpower. Human interaction with the most important sites and architecture is doing a great deal of harm. Virtual reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. 4 , VR technology will gradually become the way that people experience them. We’ll all eventually be able to walk through places, look at (and touch!) artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes. 5 . Efforts in research, data sharing and project work will need to be pooled internationally. Using the technical expertness of specialist organizations will become ever more important to sustainably promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world. A．It is being used to save and find undiscovered ones B．Technology has shaped conflict in several ways C．But it is now the most essential weapon in the battle D．Our cultural heritage will be protected via technology E．With high efficiency, this will enable more accurate copies to be created F．As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded G．When it measures distances by hitting a target and analyzing the reflected light 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了科技对文化遗产保护的作用。 1．根据空前“Yet we fight a never ending and very expensive war to preserve it for the future. And today, it is under attack as never before. Technology is often seen as something that destroys the past.(然而，为了保护它的未来，我们打了一场永不停息、代价高昂的战争。今天，它正遭受前所未有的攻击。科技通常被认为是破坏过去的东西。)”可知，前面说到了科技的不利方面。强调了科技在保护过去东西时带来的破坏；而下文内容主要讲述科技对于文化遗产保护等方面的作用，所以此处与前文应该是转折关系，C项“But it is now the most essential weapon in the battle. (但它现在是（文化遗产保护）战斗中最重要的武器。)中的 “but”是表示转折的连词，符合上下文符合语境。故选C。 2．根据空前“Creating copies via 2D images is extremely laborious and time-consuming. AI technologies are being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing lots of images to be cross-referenced and stored in a matter of hours. (通过2D图像创建副本是非常费力和耗时的。人工智能技术被用于完成所有必需的采购工作，允许在几小时内交叉引用并存储大量图像。)”可知，这里强调了人工智能技术在创建副本方面的重要功能，空处承接上文，引出下文“AI will also make restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and vastly superior to previous methods.(人工智能还将使现有文化遗产的修复和保护变得更容易，而且大大优于以往的方法。)”，E项“With high efficiency, this will enable more accurate copies to be created：(在高效的情况下，这将能够创建更准确和更好的副本。)中“this”指代空前一句话的内容，符合上下文语境。故选E。 3．根据空前“Airborne technology (机载技术) is being increasingly used in the fight to preserve our cultural heritage.(在保护文化遗产的斗争中，越来越多地使用机载技术。)”空处承接上文，说明出机载技术的作用。同时引出下文“LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) has already been used to reveal over 60,000 Mayan structures that were lying undiscovered in the jungles of Guatemala, without needing a single boot on the ground. (激光雷达(光探测和测距)已经被用于揭示在瓜塔马拉丛林中未被发现的6万多座玛雅建筑，而不需要在地面上踩一踩。)，A项“It is being used to save and find undiscovered ones.(它被用来保存和发现更多。)”中对的“It”指代上文的“Airborne technology (机载技术)”，符合上下文语境。故选A。 4．根据空前“Human interaction with the most important sites and architecture is doing a great deal of harm. Virtual reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. (人类与最重要的遗址和建筑的交互正在造成巨大的危害。未来几年，虚拟现实(VR)技术将在保护我们的文化遗产方面发挥主导作用。)”，空处承接上文，引出下文“VR technology will gradually become the way that people experience them.”(VR技术将逐渐成为人们体验它们的方式。)”，根据空后的标点符号“,”可知空处应填一从句，而且后文的“them”指代F选项中的“As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded sites.(随着越来越多的文化遗址和文物被数字化测绘和记录。)”，符合上下文语境。故选F。 5．空处位于段首，是本段的主旨句。根据空后“Efforts in research, data sharing and project work will need to be pooled internationally.Using the technical expertness of specialist organizations will become ever more important to sustainably promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world.(在研究、数据共享和项目工作方面的努力需要在国际上集中起来。利用专家组织的技术专长对可持续地促进和保护世界各国的文化遗产将变得越来越重要。)”可知空后主要内容是围绕着国际在技术合作的共同努力保护越来越多的文化遗产所要做的努力。空后的“Efforts”指的是通过技术合作保护文化遗产。D项“Our cultural heritage will be protected via technology.(我们的文化遗产将通过技术来保护。)”，符合上下文语境。故选D。 七、完形填空 （25-26高二上·湖南湘潭·期中）One afternoon, as I was diving into life’s deeper questions with my students, a thoughtful boy named Jack raised his hand. “Why do so many people feel lost?” he asked. 1 their curiosity, I decided to show them the ropes through experience rather than simply 2 . “Follow me,” I said, leading them toward the nearby 3 . Whispers filled the air. “Why are we going there?” Emma murmured. “Are there wild animals?” Liam added nervously. “Are we even going to 4 this?” A voice trembled from the back. I stayed 5 , walking calmly ahead. The students trailing behind me, their minds racing with 6 . Some panicked over 7 lions; others pictured snakes. With every step, their anxiety 8 , yet I said nothing. After forty minutes, we stopped at the forest’s edge. 9 them, I smiled. “Don’t worry — we won’t be entering. But tell me, what did you notice on our way here?” The students fell silent. “You were so caught up in 10 of the unknown,” I continued, “that you 11 the birds singing, the sunlight filtering through the leaves, and the 12 around you.” Jack’s eyes lit up with realization. “So…we worry so much about the future that we 13 to live now?” “Exactly,” I replied. “Life is a 14 . If we let fear take over, we’ll miss its wonders.” The students nodded, their faces brightening. As we walked back, they laughed, finally noticing the world they’d overlooked before. The lesson was simple but profound: The 15 shapes the future. Don’t let fear steal today’s gifts. 1．A．Ignoring B．Generating C．Sensing D．Celebrating 2．A．complain B．explain C．associate D．announce 3．A．forest B．stream C．desert D．mountain 4．A．grab B．enjoy C．remember D．survive 5．A．curious B．relieved C．silent D．amused 6．A．guesses B．decisions C．plans D．jokes 7．A．impressive B．imaginary C．fierce D．hungry 8．A．fell B．varied C．faded D．grew 9．A．Calling on B．Turning to C．Pointing at D．Waiting for 10．A．fear B．anger C．joy D．hope 11．A．heard B．avoided C．missed D．recorded 12．A．mystery B．harmony C．warmth D．beauty 13．A．refuse B．forget C．pretend D．hate 14．A．game B．battle C．journey D．gift 15．A．luck B．chance C．effort D．present 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过一次带领学生去森林边缘的经历，教导学生们不要因为对未知的恐惧而忽略了当下的美好，要珍惜并享受当下的每一刻。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：感觉到他们的好奇，我决定让他们亲身体验来领悟其中的道理，而非仅仅用言语解释。A. Ignoring忽视；B. Generating产生；C. Sensing感觉到；D. Celebrating庆祝。根据上文“a thoughtful boy named Jack raised his hand. “Why do so many people feel lost?” he asked.”和下文“I decided to show them the ropes through experience rather than simply 2 .”可知，作者感觉到学生们的好奇心，所以决定通过亲身体验来教导他们。故选C项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感觉到了他们的好奇心，决定通过经验来指导他们，而不是简单地解释。A. complain抱怨；B. explain解释；C. associate联系；D. announce宣布。根据上文“I decided to show them the ropes through experience”可知，作者决定通过让学生们亲身体验来教导他们，而不是简单地解释，“explain”与“through experience”形成对比。故选B项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“跟我来，”我说着，领着他们朝附近的森林走去。A. forest森林；B. stream溪流；C. desert沙漠；D. mountain山。根据下文“After forty minutes, we stopped at the forest’s edge.”可知，作者领着学生们朝附近的森林走去。故选A项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们能活下来吗？”后面有个声音颤抖着说。A. grab抓住；B. enjoy享受；C. remember记住；D. survive生存。根据上文““Why are we going there?” Emma murmured. “Are there wild animals?” Liam added nervously.”可知，学生们对要去森林感到紧张和不安，担心是否能活下来。故选D项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我保持沉默，平静地向前走着。A. curious好奇的；B. relieved宽慰的；C. silent沉默的；D. amused好笑的。根据下文“walking calmly ahead”和“yet I said nothing”可知，作者并没有回应学生们的担忧，只是保持沉默，平静地向前走着。故选C项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们跟在我后面，脑子里充满了猜测。A. guesses猜测；B. decisions决定；C. plans计划；D. jokes玩笑。根据上文“Whispers filled the air.”和下文“Some panicked over 7 lions; others pictured snakes.”可知，学生们很紧张，脑子里充满了各种猜测。故选A项。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些人对想象中的狮子感到恐慌；其他人则想象着蛇。A. impressive印象深刻的；B. imaginary想象的；C. fierce凶猛的；D. hungry饥饿的。根据上文“their minds racing with 6 .”和下文“others pictured snakes”可知，狮子和蛇都学生们想象出来的。故选B项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每走一步，他们的焦虑都在增加，但我什么也没说。A. fell跌倒；B. varied变化；C. faded褪色；D. grew增长。根据上文“Some panicked over 7 lions; others pictured snakes.”可推知，学生们脑海里想象了很多可怕的情况，所以每走一步，他们的焦虑都在增加。故选D项。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我转向他们，笑了。A. Calling on号召；B. Turning to转向；C. Pointing at指着；D. Waiting for等待。根据上文“I stayed 5 , walking calmly ahead.”和“After forty minutes, we stopped at the forest’s edge.”可知，作者一直走在前面，现在停下来，所以作者要转向学生们，给他们说话。故选B项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你们太专注于对未知的恐惧了，”我继续说，“以至于你们错过了鸟儿的歌唱，阳光透过树叶的过滤，以及你们周围的美好事物。”A. fear恐惧；B. anger愤怒；C. joy快乐；D. hope希望。根据上文“Some panicked over 7 lions; others pictured snakes.”和下文“If we let fear take over, we’ll miss its wonders.”可知，学生们太专注于对未知的恐惧了，忽略了身边的其它美好事物。故选A项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们太专注于对未知的恐惧了，”我继续说，“以至于你们错过了鸟儿的歌唱，阳光透过树叶的过滤，以及你们周围的美好事物。”A. heard听到；B. avoided避免；C. missed错过；D. recorded记录。根据上文““Don’t worry — we won’t be entering. But tell me, what did you notice on our way here?” The students fell silent.”和“You were so caught up in 10 of the unknown”可知，学生们太专注于对未知的恐惧了，以至于错过了身边的其它美好事物。故选C项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你们太专注于对未知的恐惧了，”我继续说，“以至于你们错过了鸟儿的歌唱，阳光透过树叶的过滤，以及你们周围的美好事物。”A. mystery神秘；B. harmony和谐；C. warmth温暖；D. beauty美好的事物。根据上文“the birds singing, the sunlight filtering through the leaves”可知，学生们错过的是周围的美好事物。故选D项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰克恍然大悟。“所以……我们太担心未来了，以至于忘记了现在的生活？”A. refuse拒绝；B. forget忘记；C. pretend假装；D. hate讨厌。根据前文可知，作者告诉学生，他们太专注于对未知的恐惧了，以至于错过了身边的其它美好事物。结合上文“we worry so much about the future”和下文“to live now”可知，现在Jack明白了这个道理，即自己太担心未来，以至于忘记了现在的生活。故选B项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“完全正确，”我回答说。“生活是一场旅行。如果我们让恐惧占据主导，我们就会错过它的奇迹。”A. game游戏；B. battle战斗；C. journey旅行；D. gift礼物。根据上文可知，作者通过带领学生走路去森林边缘的体验来比喻人生，用“journey”最贴切，即可以指他们这次徒步旅行，也指人生的旅行。故选C项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这节课很简单，但意义深远：现在塑造了未来。A. luck运气；B. chance机会；C. effort努力；D. present现在。根据上文“So…we worry so much about the future that we 13 to live now?”和“If we let fear take over, we’ll miss its wonders.”可知，作者告诫学生们不要因为对未来的担忧而忘记了现在的生活，结合下文“Don’t let fear steal today’s gifts.”可推知，作者认为现在很重要，塑造了我们的未来，所以不能因为对未来的担忧而错过现在周围的美好事物。故选D项。 八、语法填空 （25-26高二上·湖南长沙·期中）The use of chopsticks has been a big part of Chinese food culture for 1 (century). When Chinese people cook food or pick it up, a pair of chopsticks always comes for use. So how did chopsticks come into being? It’s said that a leader of ancient China, Dayu, 2 helped his people fight floods, invented them. In those days, people 3 (eat) only with their hands. But Dayu was busy preparing for flood control work and often had his meals in the wild. In the summer 4 particular, he hurried to deal with unexpected accidents and didn’t want to wait to eat. The meat 5 (cook) in the pot was too hot to pick up with his hands. So one day Dayu picked up some twigs (细枝) 6 (help) himself hold the meat. Then the twigs 7 (final) became the chopsticks we know today. But of course, this is just a story. The 8 (early) chopsticks which archaeologists (考古学家) have found so far are more than 3,000 years old, 9 (date) back to the Shang Dynasty. The six bronze chopsticks 10 (find) in Yinxu, one of China’s oldest archaeological places, in Anyang, Henan province. 【答案】 1．centuries 2．who 3．ate 4．in 5．cooked 6．to help 7．finally 8．earliest 9．dating 10．were found 【导语】这是一篇说明文。几个世纪以来，使用筷子一直是中国饮食文化的重要组成部分。文章主要介绍了筷子的发明过程，以及迄今为止，考古学家发现的最早的筷子有3000多年的历史，可以追溯到商朝。 1．考查名词。句意：几个世纪以来，使用筷子一直是中国饮食文化的重要组成部分。for centuries“几个世纪”，固定短语作状语。故填centuries。 2．考查定语从句。句意：那么筷子是怎么产生的呢？据说古代中国的一位领袖大禹，在帮助民众抗击洪水的过程中发明了筷子。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Dayu，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who。故填who。 3．考查动词时态。句意：在那些日子里，人们都是用手吃饭的。根据上文In those days可知，描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填ate。 4．考查介词。句意：特别是到了夏天，他急着处理突发事件，不想等着吃饭。根据句意表示“特别，尤其”，短语为in particular，作状语。故填in。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：锅里煮的肉太烫了，他没法用手去拿。分析句子结构可知，cook在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语meat构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填cooked。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：于是有一天，大禹捡了些树枝，用来帮助自己固定住肉块。分析句子结构可知help在句中应用非谓语动词形式，本句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to help。 7．考查副词。句意：于是这些细枝最终演变成了我们如今所熟知的筷子。修饰后文动词became应用副词finally，表示“最后”，作状语。故填finally。 8．考查形容词最高级。句意：迄今为止，考古学家发现的最早的筷子有3000多年的历史，可以追溯到商朝。根据上文定冠词the以及句意表示“最早的”可知，应填形容词最高级earliest作定语，修饰chopsticks。故填earliest。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。date此处用非谓语动词形式作状语，不及物动词，与主语chopsticks是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填dating。 10．考查动词时态语态。句意：在河南省安阳市的殷墟（中国最古老的考古遗址之一）中，发现了六根青铜筷子。find作谓语，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，且find与主语chopsticks是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是复数，故填were found。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $