第二部分 3 专题二 第1讲 动词和动词短语-【练客中考】2026年贵州新中考英语精讲册PPT（人教版）

该初中英语中考复习课件系统梳理动词及动词短语核心考点，严格对接中考说明，分析出完形填空动词词义辨析3年11考（每年3～4道）、动词短语2023-2025年高频考查的分布，按“动词分类、时态变化、短语搭配”归纳常考题型，体现备考针对性。 课件亮点在于“考点精讲+真题训练+素养提升”模式，如改编完形真题中“give up”“look for”动词短语辨析，示范上下文语境分析法，培养语言能力与思维品质。通过补全译文题强化动词时态运用，帮助学生掌握答题技巧，教师可依此制定冲刺计划，确保复习效果最大化。

《精讲册》 英语RJ 目录 01 02 思维导图 串考点 核心考点 精讲练 第二部分 语法专题剖析 专题二　动词 第1讲　动词和动词短语 03 综合训练 深研贵州统考方向 思维导图 串考点 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 核心考点 精讲练 动词的五种基本形式 基本形式 变化规则 示例 动词原形 未经过任何变形 do，learn，run，play 第三人称 单数 一般在动词词尾直接加-s run→runs，think→thinks 以s，sh，ch，x或o结尾的动词末尾加-es pass→passes，wash→washes， teach→teaches，mix→mixes，go→goes 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，先将y变为i，再加-es study→studies，carry→carries 不规则变化 be→is，have→has 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 基本形式 变化规则 示例 过去式和 过去分词 一般在动词词尾直接加-ed work→worked，play→played 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d invite→invited，promise→promised 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，先将y变为i，再加-ed carry→carried，study→studied 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母后加-ed stop→stopped，plan→planned 不规则变化[详见《教材词句记背》P77“附录一　不规则动词变化表”] go→went，bring→brought 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 基本形式 变化规则 示例 动词-ing 形式 一般在动词词尾直接加-ing read→reading，cook→cooking 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing live→living，write→writing 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母后加-ing sit→sitting，begin→beginning 少数几个以ie结尾的动词要先变ie为y，再加-ing(初中阶段共3个) die→dying，lie→lying，tie→tying 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 1.实义动词 实义动词指具有完整的意义，可以单独作谓语的动词。按能否直接接宾语，分为及物动词和不及物动词。 动词的分类及词义辨析[完形第一节：2024；完形第二节：3年11考，每年3～4道] 类别 用法 示例 及物 动词 动词＋宾语 I love English. 动词＋宾语＋宾补 We call her Mary. 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 类别 用法 示例 及物 动词 动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 May I ask you some questions？ 不及物 动词 本身意思完整，无需接宾语 A traffic accident happened. 需加适当介词，后接宾语 The baby is smiling at us sweetly. 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 2.助动词 助动词本身没有意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示否定、疑问、时态或其他语法形式，有人称、数和时态的变化。 类别 句法功能 示例 be(am/is/ are)/ (was/were) 构成进行时 Jimmy is playing basketball with his friends. 构成被动 语态 A lot of birds are protected in natural parks. 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 类别 句法功能 示例 do/does/ did 构成疑问句 和否定句 He didn’t go anywhere last Sunday. 构成否定 祈使句 Don’t be noisy！ 在陈述句中， 用在谓语动词 前加强语气 My father did tell me that. 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 类别 句法功能 示例  do/does/did 代替上文出现的动词 I don’t like eating noodles，but my bother does. have/has/had 构成完成时 Tom has been a doctor for many years. will/shall/would 构成将来时 I will/shall arrive tomorrow. 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 3.系动词 系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，其后必须跟表语构成“系表结构”，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。 类别 词汇 示例 “状态”类系动词 be My father is a teacher. “持续”类系动词 keep，stay，remain We should eat vegetables to keep healthy. 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 类别 词汇 示例 “变化”类 系动词 get，become，turn，go， grow，fall In spring，trees begin to turn green. “感官”类 系动词 look，feel，sound，taste，smell The new cloth feels smooth and soft. “表象”类 系动词 seem，appear You seem unhappy and upset all day. 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 4.情态动词 情态动词本身有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语，除了have to以外，大多无人称和数的变化。常见的情态动词有：can/could，may/might，will/would，must，need，have to，should等。[详见本专题P86第2讲 情态动词] 5.实义动词词义辨析[完形第二节：3年11考；每年3～4道] 实义动词词义辨析主要是通过上下文考查其在语境中的辨析。解答语境辨析类试题时，首先要确定每个动词的含义，然后分析语境，找出关键词或前后存在的逻辑关系，从而确定答案。 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 ▶同一动词型： ①come短语　 ②get 短语 　 ③give 短语 ④go 短语　　 ⑤keep 短语　 ⑥look 短语 ⑦make短语　 ⑧put短语 　 ⑨take短语 ⑩turn 短语 动词短语[完形第二节：2025；语言运用第一节：2023] 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 ▶同一介词/副词型： ①from短语　 ②at 短语　　 ③about短语 ④away短语　 ⑤back短语　 ⑥down短语 ⑦for短语　　 ⑧off短语　　 ⑨on短语 ⑩out短语　　 ⑪ to短语　 ⑫ up短语 ⑬ with短语 ▶混合型 [更多动词短语详见《教材词句记背》第四部分 中考高频短语分类记P73“动词短语”] 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 Ⅰ.完形第二节 Cloze 1 外文素材改编自Kid’s Box Aaron has a special interest in recording weather changes by taking photos. Of all the different weather conditions，he 　1　 snowy days best. So he often takes photos of beautiful snow. Besides，he also 　2　 other natural phenomena(现象) by taking photos. In 2018，he posted some pictures of lightning(闪电) online and received a lot of praise. (　 　)1.A.likes B.misses C.knows (　 　)2.A.introduces B.researches C.records 综合训练 Ⅱ Ⅰ A C 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 17 However，it isn’t usually 　3　 to take these amazing pictures. Every time，Aaron needs to find a place where the weather might often change. He doesn’t want to 　4　 though it is very difficult to find such a place every time. In order to take good photos，he often puts himself in danger of being 　5　 by strong winds and heavy rain. (　 　)3.A.easy B.different C.beautiful (　 　)4.A.turn out B.give up C.look for (　　 )5.A.shaken B.kicked C.hit A B C Ⅱ Ⅰ 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 However，one thing changed his mind. Once when Aaron was taking photos of a thunderstorm，he saw farmers doing farm work 　6　 and watching the storm nervously. He immediately realized he should 　7　 people and their crops(庄稼) rather than terrible weather. (　 　)6.A.suddenly B.busily C.kindly (　 　)7.A.call out B.care about C.listen to B B Ⅱ Ⅰ 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 The situation seemed to 　8　 him to a better direction. So he decided to do something and hoped it would 　9　 people. Now，Aaron has learned to make short videos. He makes them to tell people about the dangers of those storms and what they should do to 　10　 themselves. For Aaron，what he is doing now is more meaningful. ( 　　)8.A.return B.serve C.lead (　 　)9.A.feed B.hurt C.help (　 　)10.A.protect B.teach C.develop C C A Ⅱ Ⅰ 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 Cloze 2 In a narrow hutong in Beijing stands a small library. It is only seven square meters in size，but thousands of books are 　1　 in it. Unlike traditional libraries，this one doesn’t require its readers to 　2　 the books. Instead，it encourages them to pass those books on to someone else when they’ve finished reading. (　 　)1.A.kept B.written C.printed (　 　)2.A.return B.copy C.lend A A Ⅱ Ⅰ 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 This library was 　3　 by Mr Xu，a businessman，in 2010. The idea took shape when Xu recommended books online to students，but found it 　4　 for them to get the books from their school libraries. So，Xu bought and 　5　 nearly 1，000 books in the following year. The students who received the books were very thankful. Their thank-you letters got Xu to turn his book-gifting effort into a physical space. (　 　)3.A.locked B.started C.hidden (　 　)4.A.hard B.interesting C.common (　 　)5.A.dug up B.picked up C.gave away B A C Ⅱ Ⅰ 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 Xu’s library might be the smallest in the world，but in another sense，it’s also the biggest because its books keep 　6　. Once，a reader took home an English book on Chinese history. A week later，he passed it on to a neighbor. 　7　，the book traveled all the way abroad and ended up in Germany. “The 　8　 of the book is a wonder. Many wonders like this keep the culture of reading alive，” Xu tells the newspaper. (　 　)6.A.burning B.moving C.falling (　 　)7.A.Clearly B.Hopefully C.Amazingly (　 　)8.A.history B.language C.journey B C C Ⅱ Ⅰ 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 Xu says he will 　9　 this work although the library is now faced with the challenge of e-books. “This is the most 　10　 thing I’ve done in my life，” he says. “I hope that the library can stay open forever.” (　 　)9.A.prepare B.continue C.offer (　 　)10.A.difficult B.talented C.meaningful B C Ⅱ Ⅰ 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 Ⅱ.根据中文提示，补全英语译文 1.[2023贵州]向他人学习并自我提升对我们极其重要。 _____________ ________ others and improving ourselves is essential for us. 2.[2023贵州省一模]老师们经常思考新的教学方法，以确保课堂充满 乐趣。 Teachers often _________ ______ new teaching ways to make sure the lessons are full of fun. Ⅱ Ⅰ Learning　 　from think　 　of 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 3.[2025遵义红花岗一模]必要时我才会勇敢，勇敢并不意味着你要到处闯祸。——《狮子王》 I’m only brave when I have to be. Being brave _____________ __________ you go looking for trouble.—The Lion King 4.[2024遵义二模]幸福取决于你对待生活的态度。 Happiness ___________ ________ how you treat life. Ⅱ Ⅰ doesn’t　 　mean depends　 　on 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 5.[2024云南改编]我想成为一名宇航员，并且我希望我的梦想将来能 实现。 I want to be an astronaut and I hope my dream will __________ __________ in the future. 6.我记得我在离开之前关了灯，但我忘记锁门了。 I remembered ____________________ _________ the lights before I left，but I forgot to lock the door. Ⅱ Ⅰ come　 　true turning/shutting　 　off 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 7.事实上，政府多年来一直在采取行动对抗食物浪费。 In fact，the government has _______ __________ to fight against food waste for many years. 8.每件你努力过的事情都会让你展现出最好的自己。 Everything that you have worked hard on will ___________ _________ the best in you. 9.没有什么能阻止我实现成为作家的梦想。 Nothing can ______________________ me __________ realizing my dream of becoming a writer. Ⅱ Ⅰ taken　 　action bring　 　out prevent/stop/keep from 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 10.运动时喝水很重要，身体需要水来提供能量并保持凉爽。 It is important to drink water when you exercise. Your body needs the water for energy and for ____________ ________. 11.不要到处乱扔垃圾。保护环境是我们每个人的责任。 Don’t ___________ __________ rubbish everywhere. It’s everyone’s duty to protect the environment. 12.听起来你在“村BA”玩得很开心。 It ________________________ you enjoyed yourself in the “Village BA”. Ⅱ Ⅰ keeping　 　cool throw　 　away sounds like/seems that 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 13.随着中国变得越来越强大，国外越来越多的学校开始了汉语教学。 As China ____________________________ ____________ and stronger，Chinese is taught in more and more foreign schools. 14.当我们处境危险时，应该向警察求助。 When we are in danger，we should _________ the police _________ help. 15.家是充满爱的地方。它总是敞开臂膀欢迎我们。 Home is a place which is __________________________ love. It always welcomes us with open arms. Ⅱ Ⅰ grows/turns/gets/becomes　 　stronger ask for filled with/full of 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 16.如果你有任何问题，和你的老师交流很重要。 It’s important to ________________ _________ your teachers if you have any questions. 17.我过去常常在日记中写下我的感受和想法。 I used to ____________________ __________ my feelings and thoughts in my diaries. 18.只要每天坚持听英语广播，你就会取得进步。 As long as you stick to listening to English radio every day，you ____________ _______ progress. Ⅱ Ⅰ communicate　 　with write/take/put　 　down will/can　 　make 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 19.学习一些生活技能可以帮助我们更好地照顾自己。 Learning some life skills can help us _________ _________ ourselves better. 20.虽然筋疲力尽，但是他还是决定尽快动身前往机场。 He was tired out，but he decided ________ ___________ for the airport as soon as possible. Ⅱ Ⅰ look　 　after to　 　leave 深研贵州统考方向 返回目录 温馨提示 本课件由陕西炼书客图书策划有限公司出品，仅限教学使用。 本课件所有权和著作权归本公司所有， 任何人不得以非法形式进行销售或传播，违者必究！ $