Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time 同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

Part 3　Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.This isn't a 　　　　(真正的) antique.  2.The Smiths will give it a 　　　　(彻底的) clean before moving into the new house.  3.The main reason why I like these pieces of f　　　　 is that they suit the style of my house.  4.A teenager with high ideals must have a strong 　　　　(动机) for mastering some necessary knowledge.  5.Because of this, the two micro-robots do not require standard 　　　　(发动机).  6.He gathered handfuls of 　　　　(潮湿的) tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and lit the bunch to create a torch(火把).  Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.It was said that this was one of the funniest 　　　　　(episode) in his life.  2.The teacher would assign a topic 　　　　　 children, which they would discuss in groups.  3.It is known that the tiger is a fierce large animal 　　　　　(belong) to the cat family.  4.When the Beijing Opera artist stepped onto the stage, the audience applauded 　　　　　(enthusiastic).  5.One hundred percent 　　　　　(commit) to your studies, though it can be lonely and boring, will leave precious marks on your youth.  6.Recent research suggests that if an argument gets 　　　　　(resolve), the emotional response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased.  Ⅲ.选词填空(其中有一项多余) turn...down;give off;set off;well and truly;get stuck in;from bad to worse 　　Lily was born into a very poor family. Her family's financial situation was going 1.　　　　　　. To make ends meet, she had to find a second job. Fortunately, she got an interview opportunity. Worrying about being 2.　　　　　　, Lily decided to 3.　　　　　　 early in the morning and dressed appropriately. However, she met a lady whose car 4.　　　　　　 the mud on the way to her interview. Lily and several passers-by helped the lady without hesitation. But the interview was 5.　　　　　　 over by the time she arrived.  Ⅳ.完成句子 1.被恐惧侵袭,汤姆陷入绝望,睡着了。(abandon) Seized by fear, Tom 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 despair and fell asleep. 2.要不是老师的关怀,我们就不会健康成长。(if条件句中的虚拟语气) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, we would not grow healthily.  3.他们收集了一些柴火,晚上在丛林里生火取暖。 They collected some firewood and 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the jungle at night.  4.当你经过忙碌的一天感到筋疲力尽的时候, 没有什么比得上洗个热水澡。(there is nothing like) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 when you are worn out after a busy day.  能力提升练 Ⅰ.课文语法填空 　　Shackleton's departure to find help let the crew feel down and even a little desperate, but it was not for long. They took advantage of　1　 they could find in order to stay alive. There 　2　(be) no water in the 　3　(extreme) cold weather, the crew melted ice from the ocean for daily use. Without any fuel, they 　4　(burn) animal fat to make fire. No vegetables or fruit could 　5　(find) on the island, and they managed to feed 　6　 sea animals. The chef tried his best 　7　(vary) the meals in whatever way he could. Another challenge lying ahead of them was to stay 　8　(health). Because of the changing temperatures, they took care of 　9　(them) neither to become too hot from wearing too many clothes nor to become too cold from wearing too few. Their discipline, perseverance and team spirit carried them through. It was four months 　10　 they were finally rescued.   1.　　　　　2.　　　　　3.　　　　　4.　　　　　5.　　　　  6.　　　　　7.　　　　　8.　　　　　9.　　　　　10.　　　　  Ⅱ.语法填空 　　Humans successfully reached the top of the world, Mount Qomolangma, for the first time in 1953. On May 23, 70 years later, a Chinese expedition team reached its peak and 　1　(carry) out scientific research, which celebrated the historical adventure. The journey to the top is 　2　(extreme) dangerous and miserable and takes both perseverance and good physical health 　3　(complete). Climbers fight against the harsh(恶劣的) environment and go beyond 　4　(they) limits.  　　The main reason why scientists fearlessly continue this climb to the top can be the rich information that Mt Qomolangma provides. Due to its biodiversity, it can　5　(see) as a “micro Earth”. The drop in altitude(海拔) from the top is huge, forming 　6　 wide range of climates and creating its own ecosystem. Also, the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(青藏高原), 　7　 Mt Qomolangma is located, is an important ecological resource.  　　“The expedition has transformed from ‘I want to conquer you.’ to ‘I want to understand you.’,” said Yao Tandong, team　8　(lead) of the expedition. The scientists' work was beyond 　9　(collect) samples. Advanced equipment like drones(无人机) and 3D laser scanning, was used to better monitor pollutants and changes in glaciers. With those new technologies, the expedition resulted 　10　 an important international influence.  1.　　　　　2.　　　　　3.　　　　　4.　　　　　5.　　　　  6.　　　　　7.　　　　　8.　　　　　9.　　　　　10.　　　　  Ⅲ.阅读理解 　　The cold northern wind here in the streets of St Petersburg strengthens my nerve and fills me with delight. I cannot think of the North Pole as cold and empty; in my imagination it is a region of beauty and delight. Who knows what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there? I shall satisfy my curiosity with the sight of an unknown part of the world, and walk where no man has before. Thinking of it, I feel the same joy as a child feels when he sails his little boat on a voyage of discovery up his native river. 　　This voyage was the favorite dream of my early years. My education was neglected, yet I was passionately fond of reading. Uncle Thomas's library contained only books about exploration, which I read day and night. Finally, my thoughts led me to the idea of making a voyage of discovery. 　　Six years has passed since I decided on the present voyage. I can, even now, remember the hour when I committed myself to this great enterprise. I began by letting my body adapt to hardship. I went on voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep. I often worked harder than the common sailors during the day. Then, at night, I studied mathematics, the theory of medicine, and sciences of practical importance for a seagoing adventurer. Twice I took jobs as an officer on a Greenland ship. I felt a little proud when my captain asked me to remain with the ship, so valuable did he consider my services. And now, don't I deserve to achieve some great task? My life might have been passed in ease and comfort, but I preferred glory to every pleasure that wealth placed in my path. 1.What does the author think of the North Pole? A.It reminds him of his childhood. B.It must be a region full of surprises. C.It would fulfil his dream of being an adventurer. D.It's too cold a destination with almost nothing. 2.What does the underlined word “enterprise” in the last paragraph mean? A.Career.　　　B.Service.　　　C.Business.　　　D.Adventure. 3.To realize his childhood dream, the author got 　　　.  A.physically prepared by experiencing great suffering B.spiritually prepared by gaining his captain's recognition C.academically prepared by reading books on exploration D.financially prepared by serving on a ship 4.According to the text, which word can best describe the author? A.Proud.　　　 B.Courageous. C.Persevering.　　　D.Imaginative. Ⅳ.七选五 　　How adversity makes you stronger 　　When faced with a crisis, we find it difficult to imagine the experience will eventually lead to some type of growth. 　1　 Research shows that past adversities can help you become more powerful in three ways.　  　　　2　 Post-unpleasant growth is the experience of positive change after going through a significantly stressful event. Researchers have discovered two common themes that people tend to report after experiencing a stressful event: spiritual growth and enhanced personal strength.  　　They build self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is the confidence in your ability to overcome challenges and succeed. I once took part in a program with navies, where I had to dance in front of hundreds of audiences. When I danced, I had a panic attack and had to hang on to my colleague's arm to make it through. What was odd was my brain's reaction to the exercise. While it was a truly unpleasant experience, I survived. 　3　  　　They help you treat stress as a challenge.　4　 Some people view stress as a threat, while others are able to view it as a challenge. With a challenge response, you get additional vigour and feel focused instead of being fearful.  　　　5　 Your past struggles, even small ones during an adversity can help you step out of the trouble you're faced with.  A.They help you find the good. B.They can bring growth after sufferings. C.People have a healthier physical response to stress. D.If your world feels out of control right now, just stay relaxed. E.The fact is that we can become stronger after a difficult situation. F.How you think about stress matters extremely in terms of how you process it. G.That made my brain think about what other tough challenges I could conquer. 1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　  Ⅴ.读后续写 　　阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　Rahul was a hard-working and determined individual who believed that success could only be achieved through perseverance and effort. He had big dreams of becoming a renowned musician, and he knew that it would require countless hours of practice and dedication to reach his goal. 　　Rahul's family was not wealthy, and they couldn't afford to buy him a musical instrument. However, Rahul's unwavering determination pushed him to find a solution. He began working odd jobs in the village, doing the chores for neighbors, and saving every penny he earned. He even started waking up early in the morning to help the local farmers with their work. 　　After months of saving, Rahul finally had enough money to buy a second-hand guitar. It was old and worn, but to Rahul, it was a treasure. He spent hours each day practicing, strumming the strings and experimenting with different melodies. His fingers grew calloused(起老茧的), but he never complained. Instead, he saw it as a sign of progress, a proof of his hard work. 　　Despite his talent, Rahul faced numerous challenges along his journey. People would often discourage him, telling him that he was wasting his time pursuing his dreams. But Rahul remained determined, using their skepticism as fuel to work even harder. 　　One day, news spread throughout the village about a music competition to be held in the nearby city. The competition promised the winner a chance to perform in front of renowned musicians and industry professionals. Rahul saw this as an opportunity to showcase his talent and prove to everyone that hard work pays off. With great anticipation, Rahul prepared for the competition. He practiced day and night, fine-tuning his skills and perfecting his performance. 注意:续写词数应为150个左右。 Finally,the day of the competition arrived.　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  Days went by,and the results of the competition were announced. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  答案 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.genuine　2.thorough　3.furniture　4.motive 5.motors　6.damp Ⅱ.1.episodes　考查名词复数。句意:据说这是他一生中最有趣的经历之一。根据设空处前的one of the funniest可知,此处是“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构,表示“最……的……之一”,故设空处应用名词复数。故填episodes。 2.to　考查介词。句意:老师会把一个话题布置给孩子们,他们会分组讨论这个话题。assign...to...意为“把……布置给……”。故填to。 3.belonging　考查现在分词。句意:众所周知,老虎是猫科动物中的一种凶猛的大型动物。分析句子可知,从句中已有谓语动词,所以设空处应用非谓语动词;belong to没有被动语态,所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填belonging。 4.enthusiastically　考查副词。句意:当那位京剧艺术家登上舞台时,观众热情地鼓掌。设空处修饰动词applauded,应用副词。故填enthusiastically。 5.commitment　考查名词。句意:百分之百投入到你的学业中,尽管会孤独又无趣,但它却会给你的青春留下珍贵的印记。设空处作主语,应用名词;commit的名词形式commitment作“投入”讲时为不可数名词。故填commitment。 6.resolved　考查过去分词。句意:最近的研究表明,如果一场争论得以解决,那么与该争论相关的情绪反应就会显著减弱,甚至几乎完全消失。分析句子可知,此处为“get done”结构,表示被动,应用过去分词。故填resolved。 Ⅲ.1.from bad to worse　2.turned down　3.set off 4.got stuck in　5.well and truly Ⅳ.1.abandoned himself to　2.If it weren't for the teacher's care　3.made fire to keep warm　4.There is nothing like a hot bath 能力提升练 Ⅰ.1.whatever/what　考查宾语从句。设空处位于动词词组took advantage of之后,引导宾语从句,从句中缺少宾语;结合语境可知此处表示“任何……的东西”或“……的东西”,故用whatever或what引导从句。 2.being　考查现在分词。设空处所在句逗号前后没有连词,且句中已有谓语动词melted,所以设空处应用非谓语动词;“There being...”是There be句型的独立主格形式,在句中作原因状语。故填being。 3.extremely　考查副词。设空处后是形容词,提示词是形容词,所以用提示词的副词形式extremely修饰形容词cold。故填extremely。 4.burned/burnt　考查动词的时态。根据上下文时态可知,此处描述过去发生的事,应用一般过去时。故填burned或burnt。 5.be found　考查被动语态。主语No vegetables or fruit与提示词find之间为被动关系,设空处前面为情态动词could。故填be found。 6.on　考查介词。feed on为固定搭配,意为“以……为食”。故填on。 7.to vary　考查动词不定式。try one's best to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“尽某人最大的努力做某事”。故填to vary。 8.healthy　考查形容词。设空处前面的stay是系动词,所以设空处应用形容词作表语。故填healthy。 9.themselves　考查反身代词。设空处作宾语,与主语they指代相同,所以应用反身代词。故填themselves。 10.before　考查连词。“It was+一段时间+before...”意为“过了多久才……”。故填before。 Ⅱ.语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国珠峰科考队成功登上珠穆朗玛峰进行科学研究。 1.carried　考查动词的时态。句意:七十年后的5月23日,一支中国科考队登上了峰顶并展开了科学研究,这庆祝了这一具有历史意义的探险之旅。设空处与and前的reached并列,都作谓语,因此设空处也应用一般过去时。故填carried。 2.extremely　考查副词。句意:通往峰顶的旅程极其危险且痛苦,要完成它不仅需要毅力,还需要良好的身体素质。设空处修饰空后的dangerous and miserable,应用副词。故填extremely。 3.to complete　考查动词不定式。句意同上题。此处应用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。故填to complete。 4.their　考查代词。句意:登山者们对抗恶劣的环境并突破自身的极限。设空处修饰其后的名词limits,应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 5.be seen　考查被动语态。句意:由于其生物多样性,它可以被视为一个“微型地球”。see...as...意为“将……看作……”,此处为其被动形式,且设空处位于情态动词后。故填be seen。 6.a　考查冠词。a wide range of...意为“多种多样的……”。故填a。 7.where　考查定语从句。句意:此外,珠穆朗玛峰所在的青藏高原是重要的生态资源。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau表示地点,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以应用关系副词where。 8.leader　考查名词。句意:科考队队长姚檀栋说:“此次科考活动已经从‘我想征服你。’转变为‘我想了解你。’。”分析句子可知,“team 　　　(lead) of the expedition”是Yao Tandong的同位语,表示身份,应用名词单数。故填leader。  9.collecting　考查动词-ing形式。句意:科学家们的工作远不止是采集样本。设空处作介词beyond的宾语,应用动词-ing形式。故填collecting。 10.in　考查介词。句意:借助那些新技术,这次科考活动造成了重要的国际影响。result in意为“造成;导致”。故填in。 Ⅲ.语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了实现儿时去北极探险的梦想,多年来做的一系列准备工作,包括身体和精神上的准备。 1.B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I cannot think of the North Pole as cold and empty; in my imagination it is a region of beauty and delight. Who knows what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there?”可推测,作者认为北极会是一个充满惊喜的地方。故选B。 2.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Six years has passed since I decided on the present voyage.”和下文“I began by letting my body adapt to hardship. I went on...I voluntarily endured...”可知,作者为了去北极探险开始做各种准备,让自己适应艰苦的环境。由此可推测,画线词“enterprise”指的是去北极“探险”,与D项意思一致。故选D。 3.A　 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“letting my body adapt to hardship” “endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep”和“worked harder than the common sailors during the day”可知,为了实现儿时的梦想,作者通过经历巨大的痛苦来做身体上的准备。故选A。 4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Six years has passed since I decided on the present voyage...I began by letting my body adapt to hardship...I often worked harder than the common sailors during the day. Then, at night, I studied...”可知,作者为了去北极探险,六年来一直在做准备,包括让身体适应艰苦的环境,白天比普通水手更努力,晚上学习实用的科学知识等。由此可见,作者是一个坚韧不拔的人。故选C。 Ⅳ.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。研究表明,过去的逆境可以在三个方面帮助你变得更强大。 1.E　过渡句。设空处与前后文构成的语境结构为:当面临危机时,我们发现很难想象这种经历最终会带来某种类型的成长→　1　→研究表明,过去的逆境可以在三个方面帮助你变得更强大。E项“事实是,我们可以在困难的情况后变得更强大”承上启下,符合语境。故选E。  2.B　主旨句。 根据第三、四段的首句可知,设空处为第二段的主旨句(总结逆境带给我们的好处);下文提到了经历重大压力事件后的积极变化体验,还提到了人们在经历压力事件后常常报告精神成长和个人力量增强。所以B项“它们可以在苦难后带来成长”能概括本段主旨。故选B。 3.G　细节句。设空处上文提到了作者的一次不愉快的经历,但是作者挺了过来,G项“那让我的大脑思考我还能战胜哪些其他的艰难挑战”顺应上文内容,且G项中的That指代的是上文作者参加项目的经历。故选G。 4.F　过渡句。设空处与前后文构成的语境结构为:它们有助于你把压力当作一种挑战→　4　→有些人认为压力是一种威胁,而另一些人则能够将其视为一种挑战。F项“你如何看待压力对你如何处理压力非常重要”承上启下,符合语境。故选F。  5.D　细节句。设空处下文提到,你过去的挣扎,即使是在逆境中的小挣扎,都可以帮助你走出你面临的麻烦。D项“如果你现在觉得你的世界失控了,那就放松”与下文内容相关,下文内容是D项内容的递进。故选D。 Ⅴ. 写作指导 情节线 情感线 人物 Rahul, his neighbors, the audience, judges 坚定(为梦想而努力) 满足(买了一把二手吉他) 惊喜(有机会参加音乐比赛) 充满自信(刻苦练习,提升技能) 紧张、兴奋(比赛过程中) 开心、喜悦(比赛结果公布后) 时间 a few days before the music competition;the music competition day 地点 in the village, in the nearby city 背景 Rahul热爱音乐,梦想成为著名的音乐家。他通过兼职攒下一笔钱,买了一把二手吉他。他不顾旁人的劝阻,每天坚持刻苦练习。 发展 有一天,他得知附近的城市要举行音乐比赛,获胜者有机会在著名的音乐家和行业专家面前表演。他决心要抓住这个机会,参加比赛。 Para. 1 终于,比赛的日子到了。 ①Rahul比赛时的表现如何? ②观众和评委们有何反应? Para. 2 几天过去了,比赛的结果公布了。 ①Rahul获得了第几名?有何收获? ②Rahul的事迹对人们有何启示? One possible version: 　　Finally,the day of the competition arrived. He traveled to the city eagerly. As Rahul walked on stage, his heart was filled with a mixture of nerves and excitement. The crowd falling silent, he strummed the strings of his guitar with passion, pouring his heart and soul into his music. The audience was captivated by his performance, and applause erupted as he finished his piece. Rahul had given it his all, and he felt a sense of accomplishment regardless of the outcome. 　　Days went by,and the results of the competition were announced. Rahul won first prize. The judges praised his hard work, dedication, and the emotional connection he established through his music. He was awarded a scholarship to a famous music academy, where he could further better his skills and learn from accomplished musicians. Rahul's story spread far and wide, inspiring others with his determination and devotion. He became a symbol of the power of hard work and the belief that dreams can come true with unwavering effort. 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $