Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Reading and Thinking 同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Part 1　Reading and Thinking 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.The task requires extraordinary patience and 　　　　(忍耐力).  2.Their early success was succeeded by a period of 　　　　(痛苦的) failure.  3.These people can only earn a living 　　　　(工资) for their limited knowledge and skills.  4.To our relief, none of the passengers and 　　　　(全体工作人员) were injured in the chaos.  5.Since they are going to move to another city, they have to 　　　　(舍弃) the furniture to their neighbours.  6.While it is seriously worn out, it's still in 　　　　(相当不错的) condition and suits its owner just fine.  7.When you're riding on trains, you won't be provided with a 　　　　(毯子) for free, even if your trip is an overnight one.  8.Li Ming wanted to see his brother off and went to the airport in a hurry, only to find that he had been already a　　　　 the plane.  Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.Please take away all your 　　　　　(belong) when you leave the room.  2.Students will work in groups to complete four 　　　　　(assign) during the course.  3.I couldn't help crying when I arrived at their wedding venue. I was so 　　　　　(envy) of their happiness.  4.Many people are enthusiastic 　　　　　 online shopping because of its convenience.  5.Please keep in mind that your own 　　　　　(resolve) to succeed is more important than any other thing.  6.Young people should be led to believe anything is possible and that nothing can stand in their way with determination and 　　　　　(persevere).  7.Devoted to learning English for years, I think I am qualified 　　　　　 the job because I am capable of communicating with foreigners in English fluently.  8.I began to have a 　　　　　(sink) feeling that I was not going to get rid of it.  Ⅲ.完成句子 1.因为玛丽走得像乌龟一样慢,所以她的妈妈一直在催促她加快步伐。(as...as...) Because Mary walks 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 a tortoise, her mother 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 her to walk faster. 2.这是一个如此漂亮的海滩,以至于每年它都会吸引世界各地成千上万的游客。(一句多译) ①It is 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 it attracts thousands of tourists worldwide every year. (such...that...)  ②It is 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 it attracts thousands of tourists worldwide every year. (so...that...)  能力提升练 Ⅰ.课文语法填空 　　Perce Blackborow had been dreaming of a wonderful adventure, so he didn't give up when Sir Ernest Shackleton turned down his request to join the expedition. Perce　1　(secret) hid in a cupboard, only 　2　(find) after they set off. He felt fortunate and happy when he 　3　(assign) as a steward instead of being sent back home.   　　It was a tough journey. The ship got　4　(stick) in the ice as they approached Antarctica and they had to abandon the ship. 　5　 the guidance of Sir Ernest, they 　6　(throw) away nearly everything except necessities and a banjo, 　7　 kept their spirits up during the journey. Finally Sir Ernest left for South Georgia Island to find help. The desperate situation made young Perce Blackborow feel down and become bad-tempered. It was the genuine 　8　(encourage) and concern from Frank Wild that cheered him up. Realizing that he shouldn't become selfish just because of 　9　 adversity they were faced with, he learned to be optimistic and 　10　(determine).  1.　　　　　2.　　　　　3.　　　　　4.　　　　　5.　　　　  6.　　　　　7.　　　　　8.　　　　　9.　　　　　10.　　　　  Ⅱ.语法填空 　　Hiking tours are a kind of adventure tourism. Generally speaking, these vacations focus almost entirely　1　 hiking from one place to another. Hiking tours can be regarded as either a group activity or a solo activity.  　　There are many different ways of organizing hiking tours. Some people like to go out into the areas　2　 there are very few people and travel over a long 　3　(distant) from one place to another. They usually stay in hotels overnight before 　4　(travel) to the next place on the following day.  　　Guides can make hiking trips　5　(safe) and more focused. Some hikers prefer to take hiking tours without guides because of costs or because they want to challenge 　6　(they). However, employing a reliable and qualified guide during a hiking tour 　7　(consider) as a better choice for less experienced hikers.  　　　8　 activity can be a very bitter and tiring experience, and those who are new to hiking may worry that they aren't 　9　(physical) able to finish the tours. Sometimes it can be helpful for people 　10　(go) to the doctor and make sure it is safe for them to choose a difficult hike. Sometimes, a challenging hike can be deadly for someone having heart disease.  1.　　　　　2.　　　　　3.　　　　　4.　　　　　5.　　　　  6.　　　　　7.　　　　　8.　　　　　9.　　　　　10.　　　　  Ⅲ.阅读理解 A 　　Courage is a huge theme in my life, a quality I constantly seek, appreciate, and analyze. The root of “courage” is “cor”, the Latin word for heart. In the beginning, courage meant “to speak one's mind by telling all one's heart”. While courage is often associated with heroism nowadays, I believe true courage lies in being open and honest about who we are and how we feel. 　　I recently witnessed an example of true courage. During a mountain-climbing trip with my 15-year-old daughter and some college students, I noticed her struggling to keep up with the group. Despite my suggestion of resting, she persevered until she couldn't breathe properly. 　　Panicked, I called out to the front for help, but there was no response, and we had no cell phone signal. Fortunately, two students just came back to check on us. They offered assistance and calmed us down. As we continued at a slower pace, they shared their own experiences, from starting out as beginners like my daughter to becoming consistently among the first to reach the peak. 　　“You know,” one of them said, looking at my daughter, “I was just like you when I started. But with practice and proper pace, you'll get there too.” 　　“Yeah, don't let your lack of experience stop you,” the other added. “It's okay to admit that you're struggling or not feeling alright. In fact, it's important to speak up and ask for help when you need it. That's how we improve and grow.” 　　Reaching the mountain top was a huge relief for both my daughter and me. However, the two students addressed the celebrating group directly, emphasizing the importance of staying together in tough environments. Their words led the group to apologize to us for overlooking our struggle. 　　I was totally amazed at their bravery and endurance, and my daughter learned that it's okay to be the least experienced in a group. Courage, I've come to realize, has a ripple effect. Each time we choose courage, we inspire those around us to be a little braver and make the world a little better. 1.Why does the author mention the original meaning of courage? A.To argue for the true nature of courage.　　　 B.To question the common belief of courage. C.To show the changing meaning of courage.　　　 D.To compare different interpretations of courage. 2.What did the two students suggest the daughter do? A.Keep to a suitable pace.　　　B.Seek help whenever possible. C.Challenge her own limits.　　　D.Stick with experienced climbers. 3.Which action in the mountain-climbing story is an example of true courage? A.The mother asked the girl to rest. B.The girl tried hard not to fall behind. C.The two students pointed out the group's fault. D.The group celebrated their reaching the mountain top. 4.What does the author intend to tell us? A.Kindness connects us all.　　　 B.Being a beginner takes courage. C.With courage, everyone can be perfect.　　　 D.We don't have to be a hero to be brave. B 　　We've all heard of IQ and EQ, but have you heard of AQ? AQ stands for Adversity Quotient and measures your ability to deal with the ups and downs of life. Being able to handle these rough patches we all go through is not only important in our personal lives but in our professional lives. So how can we learn to be more resilient? 　　Adversity can take us by surprise and shock us. In the workplace, it could be in the form of us being fired, the company we work for going under or being restructured, or us even missing out on a promotion. Failed friendships and relationships, hard financial times and even deaths are things that can occur outside of work. AQ measures our ability to go through the shocks when life throws curveballs at us—how likely we are to deal with these situations. It can be used to predict our attitudes, perseverance, longevity, and the way we learn from changes in environment. 　　Fortunately, there are some steps you can take to help you be more resilient in the face of adversity. First, try and find a meaningful goal. Adaptable people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome, seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal. Learning to relax and regulate your emotions is another key step—one way to help you destress is by practicing breathing exercises. Similarly, thinking about things and letting them get to you can cause you to be stressed. See difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow emotionally. Finally, make sure you have a good social support network. Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help. 　　Things happen in life we can't prevent—and sometimes they aren't pleasant. But, taking a few steps to be more resilient can make them a little easier to get through. 5.What adversity is mentioned that can occur in the workplace? A.Being punished.　　　 B.Failed relationships. C.Missing out on a promotion.　　　 D.The company being supported. 6.What can someone with a high AQ do? A.They can manage their emotions.　　　 B.They can get themselves promoted. C.They can achieve their goals easily.　　　 D.They can avoid adversities properly. 7.Why does having a meaningful goal help in adverse situations? A.You can concentrate more on a desired result. B.You can forget about the unpleasant situations. C.You can see clearly a bump on the way to success. D.You can completely ignore your negative situations. 8.Which is the best title for the passage? A.EQ:IQ:AQ　　　 B.How to Be Resilient C.What Is Adversity Quotient?　　　 D.Be Brave in the Face of Adversity 答案 UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Part 1　Reading and Thinking 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.endurance　2.miserable　3.wage　4.crew 5.abandon　6.decent　7.blanket　8.aboard Ⅱ.1.belongings　考查名词。句意:当你离开房间时,请带走所有财物。设空处被all your修饰,应用名词;这里指“财物;动产”。故填belongings。 2.assignments　考查名词及其单复数。句意:在课程(学习)期间,学生将以小组为单位完成四项作业。设空处作动词complete的宾语,前面有数词four,应用名词复数。故填assignments。 3.envious　考查形容词。句意:当我到达他们的婚礼场地时,我忍不住哭了。我非常羡慕他们的幸福。be envious of表示“羡慕/嫉妒……”。故填envious。 4.about　考查介词。句意:许多人热衷于网上购物,因为它很方便。be enthusiastic about sth.表示“热衷于某事(物)”。故填about。 5.resolution　考查名词。句意:请记住,你自己想要成功的决心比其他任何事情都重要。设空处在宾语从句中作主语,应用名词;根据从句谓语is可知从句主语为单数。故填resolution。 6.perseverance　考查名词。句意:应该引导年轻人相信任何事情都是有可能的,有了决心和毅力,任何事情都不能阻挡他们。空前的and连接两个并列的成分作介词with的宾语,由determination可知,设空处也应用名词。故填perseverance。 7.for　考查介词。句意:我多年致力于英语学习,我认为自己能胜任这份工作,因为我能用英语流利地与外国人交流。be qualified for表示“能胜任……;具备……的资格”。故填for。 8.sinking　考查动词-ing形式。句意:我开始有一种摆脱不掉它的沮丧情绪。a sinking feeling意为“沮丧之情”。故填sinking。 Ⅲ.1.as slowly as;has been urging　2.①such a beautiful beach that　②so beautiful a beach that 能力提升练 Ⅰ.1.secretly　考查副词。设空处修饰动词hid,应用副词。故填secretly。 2.to be found　考查动词不定式。根据空前的逗号和only可知,这里应用动词不定式表示出乎意料的结果,且find与其逻辑主语Perce之间是被动关系,应用动词不定式的被动形式。故填to be found。 3.was assigned　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在时间状语从句中作谓语,根据主句的谓语动词felt和此处语境可知,设空处应用一般过去时;主语he(单数)与提示词assign之间为被动关系,应用被动语态。故填was assigned。 4.stuck　考查形容词。get/become/be stuck意为“卡住,陷入”。故填stuck。 5.Under　考查介词。under the guidance of...意为“在……的指导下”。故填Under。 6.threw　考查动词时态。设空处是主句的谓语,根据上下文语境可知故事发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故填threw。 7.which　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,前面为逗号,后面句子缺主语,将a banjo代入后面句子中,句意完整且合理,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰a banjo。故填which。 8.encouragement　考查名词。根据空前的the genuine可知设空处应用名词,与and后的concern并列作表语。故填encouragement。 9.the　考查冠词。此处特指“他们面对的逆境”,应用定冠词。故填the。 10.determined　考查形容词。设空处作表语,与and前的形容词optimistic并列,也应用形容词。故填determined。 Ⅱ.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。徒步旅行是一种探险旅行,文章对这项活动进行了介绍并给出了注意事项。 1.on/upon　考查介词。句意:一般来说,这些度假活动几乎完全集中于从一个地方徒步到另一个地方。focus on/upon意为“集中于”。故填on或upon。 2.where　考查定语从句。句意:有些人喜欢前往人迹罕至的地区,从一个地方长途跋涉前往另一个地方。分析句子可知,设空处引导定语从句,先行词是表示地点的areas,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。 3.distance　考查名词。句意同上题。根据空前的a long可知,设空处应用名词单数。故填distance。 4.travel(l)ing　考查动词-ing形式。句意:在第二天前往下一个地方之前,他们通常会待在酒店过夜。设空处作介词before的宾语,应用动词-ing形式。故填travel(l)ing。 5.safer　考查形容词的比较级。句意:向导能够让徒步旅行变得更加安全且更有针对性。设空处与more focused是and连接的并列成分,所以也应用比较级形式。故填safer。 6.themselves　考查代词。句意:一些徒步旅行者更喜欢参加没有向导的徒步旅行,因为费用问题,或者因为他们想挑战自己。根据语境可知,此处宾语和主语指代相同,所以应用反身代词。故填themselves。 7.is considered　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:然而,对于经验不足的徒步旅行者来说,在徒步旅行期间雇用一位可靠且有资格的向导被认为是一个更好的选择。分析句子可知,设空处作谓语,根据上下文语境可知此处描述一般情况,应用一般现在时;句子主语与提示词consider之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语是动名词短语,谓语应用单数形式。故填is considered。 8.The　考查冠词。句意:这项活动可能是一种非常痛苦且累人的经历,那些刚开始徒步旅行的人可能会担心自己的身体无法完成旅行。设空处特指上文提到的“hiking”这项活动,应用定冠词。故填The。 9.physically　考查副词。句意同上题。设空处修饰系表结构,应用副词。故填physically。 10.to go　考查动词不定式。句意:有时,人们去看医生并确保自己选择一次艰巨的徒步旅行是安全的,这会很有帮助。分析句子可知,前面的it作形式主语,所以应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to go。 Ⅲ. A 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和女儿在登山过程中遇到困难,两位学生提供了帮助和鼓励,他们的勇气对团队产生了影响。 1.A　 推理判断题。第一段最后一句提到现在勇气往往与英雄主义联系在一起,而作者却认为真正的勇气在于坦诚,所以作者提到勇气的原始含义是为了支持自己关于勇气真正本质的观点。故选A。 2.B　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“It's okay to admit that you're struggling or not feeling alright. In fact, it's important to speak up and ask for help when you need it.”可推测,两位学生建议女儿在需要时寻求帮助,文中的“ask for help”和B项中的“Seek help”为同义表达。故选B。 3.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I believe true courage lies in being open and honest about who we are and how we feel”和第六段中的“Their words led the group to apologize to us for overlooking our struggle.”可推测,两位学生指出团队的错误正是勇气的体现。故选C。 4.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Courage, I've come to realize, has a ripple effect. Each time we choose courage, we inspire those around us to be a little braver and make the world a little better.”并结合第一段最后一句可推测,作者想告诉我们不一定要成为英雄才能勇敢。故选D。 B 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AQ的定义以及一些让我们在逆境中更具有适应力的方法。 5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the workplace, it could be in the form of us being fired, the company we work for going under or being restructured, or us even missing out on a promotion.”可知,在工作场所,逆境可能会以被解雇、公司倒闭或重组、错过晋升机会的形式出现。故选C。 6.A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“AQ measures our ability to go through the shocks when life throws curveballs at us... It can be used to predict our attitudes, perseverance, longevity”可知,AQ能衡量我们在生活中承受冲击的能力,可以预测我们的态度、毅力和持久力。由此可推断,拥有高AQ的人在面对困境时能更好地管理自己的情绪。故选A。 7.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Adaptable people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome, seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal.”可知,适应性强的人往往有目标,能够更加专注于期望的结果,把不利的处境看作通往实现目标的道路上的障碍。因此,在不利的情况下有一个有意义的目标会让你能够更加专注于想要的结果。故选A。 8.B　主旨大意题。 根据文章结构可知,B项“如何具有适应力”最适合作为文章的标题。故选B。 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $