精品解析：北京市海淀区2025-2026学年上学期八年级1月期末英语试题

海淀区2026年八年级增值评价调研 英语 2026.01 注意事项 1.本调研卷共10页，共三部分，55道题，满分100分。考试时间90分钟。 2.在答题纸上准确填写姓名、学校名称、准考证号，并将条形码贴在指定区域。 3.答案一律填涂或书写在答题纸上，在调研卷上作答无效。 4.在答题纸上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他题目用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 5.调研结束，请将答题纸交回。 第一部分(25分) 一、听后选择（共9分，每小题1.5分） 听下面两段对话和一段独白。每段对话或独白后有两个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 请听一段对话，完成小题。 1. What’s the topic of the science project? A. Local wildlife. B. Dangerous plants. C. Interesting insects. 2. When will the girl make the report? A. This Thursday. B. Next Friday. C. Tomorrow morning. 请听一段对话，完成小题。 3. What does the boy think of the cooking show? A Relaxing. B. Exciting. C. Boring. 4. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Make a pizza. B. Watch TV. C. Go to a park. 请听一段独白，完成小题。 5. What can we learn from the talk? A. The food festival tickets are free. B. People can play games and win gifts. C. The food festival will last for three days. 6. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To introduce different dishes. B. To explain the rules of fun games. C. To invite people to join in a festival. 二、听后回答（共10分，每小题2分） 听对话，根据对话内容笔头回答问题。每段对话你将听两遍。 请听一段对话，完成小题。 7. What did the boy think of the Sea of Clouds? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. What will the boy do at the school music festival? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. What does the girl want to be when she grows up? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. What are the speakers going to do for Grandparents this weekend? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. What will the speakers buy tomorrow? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 三、听后转写(共6分) 听短文，根据所听内容和提示信息转写短文内容，请将文段写在答题纸上。短文你将连续听三遍。 12. Hi, I’m Chris. Here is some information about ___________________________________________________________________________________ 第二部分(55分) 四、单项填空(共9分，每小题1分) 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Tomorrow is my dad’s birthday. I’m going to make a card for ________. A. himself B. him C. his D. he 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：明天是我爸爸的生日。我打算为他做一张卡片。 考查代词辨析。himself他自己；him他（宾格）；his他的；he他（主格）。空格前介词for后需要接宾语，应使用宾格代词 him。故选B。 2. ________ winter, Andy often goes skiing with his friends. A. On B. In C. At D. Of 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：在冬天，安迪经常和朋友们去滑雪。 考查介词辨析。On 在具体某一天或特定日期；In 在季节、月份、年份等较长时段；At 在具体时刻或小地点；Of 属于……的。表示季节时，通常用介词in，如in winter。故选B。 3. —________ I hang out with my friends after dinner? —Sure, but you have to finish your homework first. A. Could B. Must C. Will D. Would 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——晚饭后我可以和朋友们出去玩吗？——当然可以，但你得先完成作业。 考查情态动词辨析。Could能，可以；Must必须；Will将；Would会。根据“…I hang out with my friends after dinner?”可知，此处是向对方提出请求，希望得到许可，“Could”符合“委婉请求允许”的语境。故选A。 4. Tu Youyou is one of ________ scientists in China. A. famous B. more famous C. most famous D. the most famous 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：屠呦呦是中国最著名的科学家之一。 考查形容词最高级。根据“one of”可知，“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”表示“最……的之一”，此处需用最高级“the most famous”。故选D。 5. —________ are you going to be a firefighter, John? —Because I want to protect others from danger. A. When B. Where C. Why D. How 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——约翰，你为什么想成为一名消防员？——因为我想保护他人远离危险。 考查疑问词辨析。When什么时候；Where哪里；Why为什么；How怎样。根据答语“Because I want to…”可知，问句询问原因，应使用Why提问。故选C。 6. Mr. Smith helps me a lot, ________ I respect him very much and always take his advice seriously. A. for B. or C. so D. but 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：史密斯先生帮助我很多，因此我非常尊敬他，并且总是认真听取他建议。 考查连词辨析。for因为；or或者；so因此；but但是。根据“Mr. Smith helps me a lot”和“I respect him very much...”，可知前后两部分是因果关系，前因后果，所以用so连接。故选C。 7. If I have free time tomorrow, I ________ up my bedroom and decorate it. A. tidied B. to tidy C. tidy D. will tidy 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果明天我有空，我会整理我的卧室并装饰它。 考查if引导的条件状语从句的时态。tidied动词过去式；to tidy动词不定式；tidy动词原形；will tidy一般将来时。if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时will do，从句用一般现在时表示将来。根据从句“If I have free time tomorrow”是一般现在时，主句应该用一般将来时。故选D。 8. —Where is Jim? —He is in his bedroom He ________ to music with his new headphones. A. listen B. will listen C. is listening D. listened 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——吉姆在哪里？——他在卧室里。他正用他的新耳机听音乐。 考查动词时态辨析。listen听，动词原形；will listen将听，一般将来时；is listening正在听，现在进行时；listened过去式/过去分词。根据“Where is Jim?”和“He is in his bedroom.”可知，此处强调吉姆当前正在进行的动作是在卧室里听音乐，需用现在进行时“be+现在分词”。故选C。 9. It ________ last night, so the air outside is really fresh and clean now. A. rained B. rains C. will rain D. rain 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：昨晚下雨了，所以现在外面的空气非常清新干净。 考查动词时态。rained下雨了，过去式；rains下雨，第三人称单数；will rain将要下雨，一般将来时；rain下雨，动词原形。根据时间状语“last night”可知，动作发生在过去，时态为一般过去时，因此需用动词的过去式。故填rained。 五、短文填空（共8分，每小题1分） 第一节 阅读下面短文，在方框内选择最佳选项将短文补充完整。其中有2个多余选项。 A. Thanks to B. performed C. Instead of D. simple E. organized F. get together Last term, our class started a challenging project: creating a community garden. At first, digging and planting seemed ____10____, but we soon realized it needed hard work. Every Saturday morning, we would ____11____ first and then start to work. Everyone tried their best. Little by little, the hard jobs became easier. After months of effort, we harvested (收获) our first vegetables. We ____12____ a party at the community center to celebrate and share our joy with the neighbors. They were amazed by what we had done. ____13____ this unforgettable experience, I learned the true meaning of teamwork and patience. 【答案】10. D 11. F 12. E 13. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了班级开展创建社区花园这一具有挑战性的项目的过程，从起初觉得简单到后来意识到需要付出努力，再到最终收获蔬菜并举办派对庆祝，作者从这次难忘的经历中学到了团队合作和耐心的真正意义。 【10题详解】 句意：起初，挖掘和种植似乎很简单，但我们很快意识到这需要付出艰苦的努力。根据“digging and planting seemed”以及“but we soon realized it needed hard work”可知，此处指的是“挖掘和种植似乎很简单”，simple“简单的”，形容词作表语。故选D。 【11题详解】 句意：每个星期六早上，我们会先聚在一起，然后开始工作。根据“Every Saturday morning, we would...first and then start to work.”可知，此处指的是“先聚在一起”，get together“聚在一起”，would后接动词原形。故选F。 【12题详解】 句意：我们在社区中心举办了一个聚会，与邻居们一起庆祝并分享我们的喜悦。根据“a party at the community center to celebrate and share our joy with the neighbors”可知，此处指的是“举办了一个聚会”，organized“组织，举办”，动词过去式形式符合语境。故选E。 【13题详解】 句意：多亏了这次难忘的经历，我学到了团队合作和耐心的真正意义。根据“this unforgettable experience, I learned the true meaning of teamwork and patience.”可知，此处指的是“多亏了这次难忘的经历”，thanks to“多亏，由于”，句首首字母大写。故选A。 第二节 阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处填写1个恰当的英文单词，在给出提示词的空白处填写该词的正确形式。 If you want to study more efficiently, here are a few ___14___ (use) tips to get you going. First, make a clear daily plan. Write down what to study and how much time to spend ___15___ each subject—this can stop you from wasting time. Second, find a quiet place. Turn off your phone or put it away so that those ___16___ (message) won’t trouble you. Third, review what you’ve learned regularly. Spend 10-15 minutes going over your in-class notes. By doing so, you can remember things better and longer. Finally, don’t forget ___17___ (take) short breaks, especially after focusing on difficult subjects like math or physics for 40 minutes—even a 5-minute walk can help. 【答案】14. useful 15. on 16. messages 17. to take 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些提高学习效率的方法。 【14题详解】 句意：如果你想更有效地学习，这里有一些有用的建议可以帮助你。修饰名词tips，应用use的形容词useful“有用的”。故填useful。 【15题详解】 句意：写下要学习的内容以及每门课要花多少时间——这可以防止你浪费时间。spend time on sth.“在某事上花费时间”，固定搭配。故填on。 【16题详解】 句意：关掉你的手机或者把它收起来，这样那些信息就不会打扰你了。those后接可数名词复数，message的复数形式messages“信息”。故填messages。 17题详解】 句意：最后，不要忘记休息一下，尤其是在集中精力学习了40分钟像数学或物理这样的困难科目之后——即使是5分钟的散步也有帮助。forget to do sth.“忘记去做某事”，固定搭配。故填to take。 六、完形填空（共12分，每小题1.5分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Listen Up! It was a sunny morning. Jamie woke up, expecting a good day. But as he headed downstairs, he ____18____ his parents having another loud argument. Dad was at the table, drinking coffee with a frown (皱眉); his mom was at the stove, turning pancakes over a bit more ____19____ than usual. “Why are you upset?” Jamie asked carefully. “We’ve just had a big ____20____, but we’ll work it through,” said Mom. Jamie nodded, but he could see that both his parents seemed distracted (心不在焉). “Why don’t we play ‘The Listening Game’?” advised Jamie. “We each take turns talking, and everyone else listens carefully without cutting in. Then, we change roles.” They all settled into the living room, Jamie between his parents. His mom started. “I feel like we’ve been too busy with work to just be together these days.” His dad nodded. “I’ve been ____21____ about that too, because I want everything to be perfect for us.” It was Jamie’s turn now. “I ____22____ it when we used to have pizza night and play board games. That was fun.” It turned out they were all thinking about the same thing: they wanted to spend time together without distractions. As the day went on, the house felt lighter and happier. In the evening, they made their homemade pizza and played board games together. They argued with each other in the game, but it was in good fun, like the old days, because now they were all talking and listening more. As they laughed, Jamie felt ____23____ inside. “Thank you for listening today,” Jamie said softly to his parents before bed. Both his mom and dad kissed his forehead. “Thank you, Jamie, for ____24____ us how important it is to listen and talk.” That night, Jamie dreamed of more fun time, filled with laughter and love. He knew life wouldn’t always be perfect, but as long as they ____25____ each other and kept talking, things would turn out just fine. 18. A. mentioned B. showed C. heard D. imagined 19. A. lively B. pleasantly C. politely D. quickly 20. A. success B. disagreement C. idea D. failure 21. A. proud B. worried C. surprised D. careless 22. A. miss B. forget C. feel D. accept 23. A. confident B. regretful C. disappointed D. warm 24. A. giving B. asking C. reminding D. passing 25. A. greeted B. had C. helped D. followed 【答案】18. C 19. D 20. B 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍Jamie提议玩倾听游戏，化解了父母的争吵，一家人重拾了温馨欢乐的时光。 【18题详解】 句意：但当他下楼时，他听见父母又在大声争吵。 mentioned提及，提到；showed展示；heard听说；imagined想象。根据前半句“he headed downstairs”以及后文“his parents having another loud argument” 可知，下楼时能感知到父母的争吵声，“听见”符合语境。故选C。 【19题详解】 句意：妈妈在灶台前，翻煎饼的动作比平时快得多。 lively生动地；pleasantly高兴地；politely有礼貌地；quickly快速地。根据前文“parents having another loud argument”可知，妈妈心情烦躁，翻煎饼的动作会比平时更急促，副词quickly能修饰动词turning且契合情绪。故选D。 【20题详解】 句意：我们刚才有一场大的分歧，但我们会解决的。 success成功；disagreement分歧；idea想法；failure失败。根据前文“parents having another loud argument”可知，父母刚刚发生了争执，disagreement符合语境。故选B。 【21题详解】 句意：我也一直为此担忧，因为我想让我们的生活一切都好。 proud骄傲的；worried担忧的；surprised惊讶的；careless粗心的。根据前文“both his parents seemed distracted”和爸爸说的“because I want everything to be perfect for us”可知，爸爸也在为家庭状态而操心担忧。 故选B。 【22题详解】 句意：我想念以前我们吃披萨之夜、玩桌游的日子。 miss错过，想念；forget忘记；feel感觉；accept接受。根据后文“when we used to have pizza night and play board games. That was fun”可知，Jamie对过去的美好时光怀有怀念之情。故选A。 【23题详解】 句意：当他们笑着的时候，Jamie心里感到一阵温暖。 confident自信的；regretful后悔的；disappointed失望的；warm温暖的。根据前文“they made their homemade pizza and played board games together”以及“they laughed”可知，温馨的氛围让 Jamie内心感到温暖。故选D。 【24题详解】 句意：谢谢你，Jamie，提醒我们倾听和沟通有多重要。 giving给予；asking要求；reminding提醒；passing传递。根据前文 Jamie 提议玩“The Listening Game”以及游戏后一家人化解隔阂的结果可知，Jamie让父母意识到了倾听和沟通的重要性，起到了提醒作用。故选C。 【25题详解】 句意：但只要他们互相帮助，保持沟通，一切都会好起来的。 greeted问候；had拥有；helped帮助；followed跟随。根据前文一家人通过倾听、沟通和互相理解化解矛盾的过程可知，彼此帮助体谅、保持沟通，生活才会变好。故选C。 七、阅读理解（共26分，每小题2分） A 第一节 阅读下列景点介绍，请根据人物喜好和需求匹配最适合的景点，并将景点对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 China is a country full of breathtaking natural wonders and cultural sites. Here are some of the most beautiful and popular places in China. A Zhangjiajie, Hunan Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is a must-see place. It’s popular with hikers of all ages. If you love nature and the beauty of mountains and forests, you can go for a visit at any time of the year. B Lhasa, Xizang Walking along Barkhor Street, you can explore the local market and experience Lhasa’s daily life. You can also visit the amazing Potala Palace. Its red and white walls look so beautiful against the blue sky. C Sanya, Hainan Every winter, thousands of visitors go to Sanya for the warm sunshine and golden beaches. There are lots of fun things to do, like swimming and playing beach volleyball. You can also eat fresh fruit and seafood. It is a good place to relax. D Xi’an, Shaanxi If you prefer to learn Chinese history and culture, Shaanxi History Museum will be the best choice. You can also visit the Terracotta Army. There are over 8,000 clay soldiers and horses. Each soldier has a different face! ____26____Alice I love swimming and I want to enjoy the warm sunshine on the beach. ____27____Tony I am a hiking lover and would like to see beautiful mountains and forests. ____28____Harry I like visiting museums and hope to know more about Chinese culture and history. 【答案】26. C 27. A 28. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇景点介绍，主要介绍了中国四个具有不同特色的旅游胜地及其适合的人群。 【26题详解】 根据“Alice I love swimming and I want to enjoy the warm sunshine on the beach.”可知，艾丽斯喜欢游泳并想要享受海滩阳光。根据C选项Sanya, Hainan的描述“Every winter, thousands of visitors go to Sanya for the warm sunshine and golden beaches. There are lots of fun things to do, like swimming…”可知，每年冬天，成千上万的游客去三亚享受温暖的阳光和金色的沙滩。那里有许多有趣的活动，比如游泳……，所以选项C符合Alice的需求。故选C。 【27题详解】 根据“Tony I am a hiking lover and would like to see beautiful mountains and forests.”可知，托尼喜爱徒步并想欣赏美丽的山景和森林。A选项Zhangjiajie, Hunan中提到“It’s popular with hikers of all ages. If you love nature and the beauty of mountains and forests…”可知，此地受到各个年龄段徒步者的欢迎。如果你热爱自然和山林的美丽，所以选项A符合Tony的需求。故选A。 【28题详解】 根据“Harry I like visiting museums and hope to know more about Chinese culture and history.”可知，哈里喜欢参观博物馆并希望了解中国文化历史，D选项Xi’an, Shaanxi中明确写道“If you prefer to learn Chinese history and culture, Shaanxi History Museum will be the best choice. You can also visit the Terracotta Army.”可知，如果你想学习中国历史文化，陕西历史博物馆将是最佳选择。你还可以参观兵马俑，所以选项D符合Harry的喜好。故选D。 第二节 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 B Last summer, I went to a nature camp in the countryside. When I got off the bus, I saw a large rose field. The smell of roses reminded me of my childhood. When I was little, my grandparents grew roses in the yard. I avoided going to their front yard all summer, because I had a fear of bees which often visited flowers. I asked a camp worker curiously (好奇地), “Why do people plant roses here?” “They’re for the bees,” she said with a smile. Bees? I froze for a moment, unsure if I’d heard it correctly. Later that afternoon, a man with a name card that read “Mr. Poppy—beekeeper” walked over. Seeing the word “beekeeper”, I drew back a little. “We’re collecting honey today,” he said. “It’s a two-person job. Would you like to help?” “Me?” I asked, my voice shaky. He nodded kindly. “Don’t worry. The bees are calm. You’ll be safe.” I wanted to refuse, but a quiet voice inside told me to be brave. So, I nodded. He handed me a netted hat to protect my face. “We don’t need to wear the full suit,” he said. “The bees stay calm if we move slowly.” Then he opened the top of a hive and blew some smoke inside. Reaching in carefully, he lifted out a board coated with honeycomb. “See? They don’t mind,” he said. “Want to try?” Trying to ease my fear inside, I put on a protective glove nervously. As soon as my hand reached the hive, the bees began to stir. My heart raced. I shut my eyes and held the board carefully. I could feel tiny bees climbing on my skin. Holding my breath, I lifted the board slowly. I opened my eyes to look at the board in my hands. The honeycomb on it had thousands of tiny holes, neat like a small but beautiful city of gold. I couldn’t believe how perfect it looked. Then some bees moved along my arm calmly, as if enjoying the ride. And I was quite safe! Mr. Poppy handed me a piece of honeycomb. “The best taste is straight from the honeycomb” he said. I bit into it. The honey was sweet and warm, with a soft taste of rose. I closed my eyes and smiled. 29. The writer avoided going to his grandparents’ front yard because he ________. A. was afraid of bees B. didn’t want to plant flowers C. was tired of the smell of roses D. didn’t enjoy playing outdoors 30. How did the writer feel when he saw the board in his hands? A. Hopeful. B. Angry. C. Amazed. D. Tired. 31. What did the writer learn from the experience? A. Bravery brings sweet fruits. B. Helping others creates lasting joy. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. A curious mind never gets bored. 【答案】29. A 30. C 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过回忆参加自然夏令营时，从害怕蜜蜂到在养蜂人鼓励下勇敢尝试取蜜并品尝到玫瑰蜂蜜的经历，展现了克服恐惧、勇敢尝试所带来的成长与美好收获。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“I avoided going to their front yard all summer, because I had a fear of bees which often visited flowers”可知，作者害怕蜜蜂所以避开祖父母的前院，故选A。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据“I couldn’t believe how perfect it looked”可知，作者看到手中的蜂巢时，对其规整美丽的样子感到难以置信，内心是惊叹的，故选C。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据作者克服对蜜蜂的恐惧参与采蜜，最终尝到香甜蜂蜜的经历可知，勇敢能带来甜蜜的成果，故选A。 C Artificial intelligence (AI) is now widely used in our daily lives. From talking with chatbots to using different apps, we use AI to complete tasks more quickly and easily. While we enjoy the convenience it brings, there may be some possible problems. Researchers have found that AI is not only changing how we talk, but also changing the way we think. If you use AI-powered chatbots (聊天机器人), you’re probably thinking that you’re both speaking the same language. But it’s not like that. Instead of processing texts like a human, an AI chatbot turns our messages into groups of numbers, like coordinates (坐标) on a map. And just as a paper map can’t show what a place really looks like, those numbers can’t fully express the meaning and feeling behind our language. Actually, the chatbot’s responses are not real English but a simulacrum (模拟物) of human language. What worries researchers is that English speakers are starting to talk more like chatbots. For example, one chatbot uses the word delve much more often than people do in writing. This may result from small mistakes or biases (偏见) in how AI is trained. Many of the workers, who check over large language model (LLM) outputs, come from countries where delve is commonly used. Because of this, the word appears more often in AI writing. Since this chatbot came out in late 2022, the use of delve in research papers has grown by ten times, as more writers turn to AI for help. Even more surprisingly, a study reported in Scientific American found that people have started using delve more often in daily conversations. This means it’s not just AI copying humans—humans are also copying AI without realizing it. In terms of language using, this change may not seem serious. After all, language is always changing over time. However, language also shows deeper changes in society. If AI can shape the words we use, it might also spread other kinds of biases such as gender biases or political biases, which are much harder to notice. We need to remember that AI tools are not completely neutral (中立的). Although they can bring us convenience, they hold the power to reshape our thinking. 32. The word “delve” appears more often in AI writing because ________. A. people want to make AI sound more like humans B. AI often chooses shorter and simpler words to use C. AI sometimes makes mistakes in choosing the words D. workers who check AI’s writing prefer to use the word 33. Which of the following statements would the writer agree with? A. AI helps to show humans what a place looks like. B. AI learns human language by using common words. C. AI might have certain biases in an unnoticeable way. D. AI understands the feelings behind humans’ words. 34. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To tell people to train chatbots in a special way. B. To encourage people to use AI tools to write more often. C. To remind people of the possible problems AI tools may bring. D. To teach people how to talk to chatbots in order to avoid biases. 【答案】32. D 33. C 34. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，探讨了人工智能在语言应用中的潜在影响，指出AI不仅可能改变人类的表达方式，还可能传播不易察觉的社会偏见，提醒人们在享受AI便利的同时保持警惕。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Many of the workers, who check over large language model (LLM) outputs, come from countries where delve is commonly used. Because of this, the word appears more often in AI writing”可知，“delve”在AI写作中出现更频繁，是因为审核AI输出的员工常用该词，故选D。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据“it might also spread other kinds of biases such as gender biases or political biases, which are much harder to notice”可知，作者认为AI可能以不易察觉的方式存在偏见，故选C。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“While we enjoy the convenience it brings, there may be some possible problems…they hold the power to reshape our thinking”可知，作者旨在提醒人们AI工具可能带来的潜在问题，故选C。 D Weighing about three pounds, the human brain uses the most energy in the body and is larger than the brains of most other animals. The reason? Our brain evolved (进化) to deal with large social networks. So humans, it seems, are built to socialize. Three-quarters of the brain is the neocortex, an area for cognitive functions (认知功能) like memory, language and problem-solving. These abilities enable people to get along with their families, friends, and sports teams and build a wide social network. But keeping these relationships requires a lot of mental effort. Because of this, there is a limit (限度) to how many close relationships we can keep, according to British psychologist Robin Dunbar. To understand these limits, Dunbar studied large primates (灵长类动物) and found that the bigger the neocortex, the larger the social group. Based on his studies of over 30 primate species, he estimated (估计) that humans can have social groups of around 150 people. He compared human relationships to ripples (涟漪) on a pond. The innermost circle is just about five people—friends or family members—that you feel emotionally closest to. Then comes a layer with 10 additional good friends you often see. “About 60% of your social attention goes to these 15 people,” Dunbar said. Farther out is what he calls your “weekend party group” of 50 people, including the 15 that you see regularly. Finally, the outer layer brings the total to 150 people, including another 100 you would invite to your once-in-a-lifetime big events. He estimates that there are about 350 people you know in addition to your 150 close friends. Beyond that, most of us can recognize another 1,000 people by sight—for example, famous people—but they might not recognize you. “Those outer layers beyond 150 are kind of one-way relationships,” Dunbar said. “But the key to the 150 and the layers within is that they are reciprocated. Unlike one-sided relationships of the outer circles, these close connections require each other’s care and effort.” Other researchers think the number is even bigger. In the time of social media, it seems possible to go beyond 150 people. But Dunbar believes online communication doesn’t change the size of our close networks. “It’s hard to get real emotional support from someone you can’t physically hug,” he says, “It’s just not the same.” 35. According to Dunbar, the size of large primates’ social networks depends on ________. A. their memory B. the size of the neocortex C. the need to socialize D. their intelligence 36. What can we learn from the passage? A. The number of people we see regularly is around 15. B. Most primates can recognize 1,000 of their kind by sight. C. The innermost circle takes up 60% of people’s social attention. D. Social media increases the size of the social network by 150 people. 37. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 7 “they are reciprocated” probably means ________. A. their relationships progress over time B. their relationships are easy to manage C. they are similar to each other in many ways D. they both work to keep the relationship going 38. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. The Neocortex: A Key Area in Your Brain B. The Size of Our Social Networks Is Limited C. Building Social Connections with More Effort D. Emotional Support Matters in Human Relationships 【答案】35. B 36. A 37. D 38. B 【解析】 【导语】本文基于邓巴数理论，探讨了人类社交网络规模的生理和心理限制，指出尽管社交媒体扩展了社交范围，但真正需要相互维持的亲密关系数量仍有上限。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Dunbar studied large primates and found that the bigger the neocortex, the larger the social group.”可知，灵长类动物社交网络的大小取决于大脑新皮层的大小。故选B。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The innermost circle is just about five people...Then comes a layer with 10 additional good friends you often see.”可知，我们经常见面的人数大约是5+10=15人，A选项正确。故选A。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Unlike one-sided relationships of the outer circles, these close connections require each other’s care and effort.”可知，与外圈单方面的关系不同，这些亲密关系需要彼此的关心和努力，所以“they are reciprocated”意思是双方都努力维持这段关系。故选D。 【38题详解】 最佳标题题。文章主要围绕人类社交网络规模的限制展开，阐述了邓巴数理论及不同层次社交关系的构成，因此最佳标题是“我们的社交网络规模是有限的”。故选B。 第三部分(20分) 八、阅读与表达(共10分，第51-53题各2分，第54题4分) 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。 What’s your preferred playback speed: 1×, 1.5× or 2×? When listening to an audiobook or podcast (播客), some people prefer the 1× speed. They say, “I want to hear people talk at a normal human rate (速率).” Others like it at a faster speed, and some of them think 1.8× is the “just right” speed. In fact, people’s preferred playback speeds are a hot topic online. It shows how people, especially young people, are using digital (电子的) media in different ways. A survey by The Economist found that 31% of Americans aged 18-29 listened to audio at playback speeds faster than 1×, compared with only 8% of those aged 45 and older. Many platforms (平台) offer fast-playback choices. Users can listen to podcasts or go through audio forms of texts at different speeds. Most media platforms also allow viewers to speed up videos. One platform even added a 4× choice for paying users because many users asked for it. The time saved by fast playback is huge. According to a video platform, its users around the world save over 900 years of time every day by using fast playback. Listening at a faster speed doesn’t seem to influence listeners’ ability to focus. Scientists say that the average person speaks at a rate of about 150 words per minute, but our brains can deal with information faster than that. Some Canadian researchers in a study looked at test scores of students who had watched talks back at different speeds. They found that the speed up to 1.5× didn’t influence students’ performance. But students’ scores started to drop when playback speeds reached 2× or higher. For audio and video platforms, there is no harm in offering different playback choices. But for people who listen at fast speeds, they lose the art of language itself. Yet for many, to speed or not to speed is no longer a question. 39. What percent of Americans aged 18-29 listened to audio at playback speeds faster than 1×? _________________________________________________________________________ 40. Why did a video platform even add a 4× choice for paying users? _________________________________________________________________________ 41. What did Canadian researchers find about the speed up to 1.5×? _________________________________________________________________________ 42. What’s your preferred playback speed, 1×, 1.5× or 2×? Why?(Please give two reasons.) _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】39. 31%. 40. Because many users asked for it. 41. It (the speed up to 1.5×) didn’t influence students’ performance. 42. I prefer the speed of 1×, because I want to hear people talk at a normal human rate, and I want to appreciate the art of the language, especially when I watch movies. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了不同人群对音视频播放速度的偏好，分析了倍速播放的流行原因、影响，以及它在数字媒体时代引发的效率与体验的平衡问题。 【39题详解】 根据原文第三段“A survey by The Economist found that 31% of Americans aged 18-29 listened to audio at playback speeds faster than 1×, compared with only 8% of those aged 45 and older.”可知，《经济学人》的调查直接给出了该数据。故填31%。 【40题详解】 根据原文第四段“One platform even added a 4× choice for paying users because many users asked for it.”可知，平台增加 4 倍速选项的直接原因是“很多用户提出了这个需求”。故填Because many users asked for it. 【41题详解】 根据原文第六段“Some Canadian researchers in a study looked at test scores of students who had watched talks back at different speeds. They found that the speed up to 1.5× didn’t influence students’ performance.”可知，加拿大研究者的实验显示，1.5 倍速以内不会影响学生的学习表现。故填It (the speed up to 1.5×) didn’t influence students’ performance. 42题详解】 这是开放性问题，结合文中提到的“1.5 倍速不影响理解、节省时间”等内容作答即可，需给出两个合理原因。故填I prefer the speed of 1×, because I want to hear people talk at a normal human rate, and I want to appreciate the art of the language, especially when I watch movies. 九、文段表达(10分) 55.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据所给中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的真实校名和姓名。 题目① 43. 根据所给中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的真实校名和姓名。 假设你是李华。你们班的英语课正在开展研究性学习，你选择研究同学使用AI助力英语学习的情况，对40名同学进行了问卷调查(survey)。请用英语根据下图写一篇短文，简要描述调查结果，并对班级同学使用AI助力英语学习提出建议。 提示词语：show, 11% of the students, creative, depend, wise 提示问题：·What’s the result of the survey? ·What’s your advice? I surveyed 40 classmates about their use of AI tools to help with English study, and here are the results. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 I surveyed 40 classmates about their use of AI tools to help with English study, and here are the results.The survey shows 64% use AI to get new creative ideas, 25% use it to practice speaking and listening, and only 11% rely on it to check homework. In my opinion, we should use AI tools wisely. It can spark creative thinking, but don’t depend on it fully. Think independently first, then use AI to polish your work. Keep practicing actively every day, as AI is just a helper, not a replacement for your own consistent effort. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”‘ ③提示：围绕“AI 工具助力英语学习”展开，需先呈现调查数据，再提出合理建议。 [写作步骤] 第一步：开篇点题，引出写作背景（说明针对“AI工具用于英语学习”的调查） 第二步：呈现数据，清晰罗列不同占比的学生使用 AI 的目的，体现数据对比。 第三步：发表观点，提出使用AI的建议，强调“合理利用 + 自主学习”的核心态度。 [亮点词汇] ①depend on依赖；依靠 ② spark激发；点燃 ③ polish润色；打磨 [高分句型] ① Keep practicing actively every day, as AI is just a helper, not a replacement for your own consistent effort.(As引导的原因状语从句） 题目② 44. 根据所给中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的真实校名和姓名。 家，是把幸福的陪伴书写成美好的日常。假如你是李华。某英文网站正在开展以“Love Made Visible”为主题的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，描述你常为家人做的事情，并简要谈谈你的感受。 提示词语：housework, take care of, share, pleased, achievement 提示问题：·What do you do for your family in your daily life? ·How do you feel when you do these things? Home is a place where love is made visible ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： Love Made Visible Home is a place where love is made visible. I often help my family with housework, such as cleaning rooms and washing dishes. Also, I take care of my younger sister by playing with her. Sometimes, I share my school stories with my parents. When I do these things, I feel pleased because I can make my family happy. I also have a sense of achievement, knowing I am useful. Love is shown in small daily actions. All these tiny yet warm things are exactly what make love visible. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文 ； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：描述日常为家人所做的事及个人感受，需选用所给提示词。 [写作步骤] 第一步：开篇点题，呼应主题句。 第二步：列举2-3件为家人做的事，合理选用提示词。 第三步：表达感受，说明其意义。 [亮点词汇] ①housework家务 ②take care of照顾 ③pleased高兴的 [高分句型] ①I often help my family with housework, such as cleaning rooms and washing dishes. （用such as举例子） ②When I do these things, I feel pleased because I can make my family happy. （When引导的时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 海淀区2026年八年级增值评价调研 英语 2026.01 注意事项 1.本调研卷共10页，共三部分，55道题，满分100分。考试时间90分钟。 2.在答题纸上准确填写姓名、学校名称、准考证号，并将条形码贴在指定区域。 3.答案一律填涂或书写在答题纸上，在调研卷上作答无效。 4.在答题纸上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他题目用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 5.调研结束，请将答题纸交回。 第一部分(25分) 一、听后选择（共9分，每小题1.5分） 听下面两段对话和一段独白。每段对话或独白后有两个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 请听一段对话，完成小题。 1. What’s the topic of the science project? A. Local wildlife. B. Dangerous plants. C. Interesting insects. 2. When will the girl make the report? A. This Thursday. B. Next Friday. C. Tomorrow morning. 请听一段对话，完成小题。 3. What does the boy think of the cooking show? A Relaxing. B. Exciting. C. Boring. 4. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Make a pizza. B. Watch TV. C. Go to a park. 请听一段独白，完成小题。 5. What can we learn from the talk? A. The food festival tickets are free. B. People can play games and win gifts. C. The food festival will last for three days. 6. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To introduce different dishes. B. To explain the rules of fun games. C. To invite people to join in a festival. 二、听后回答（共10分，每小题2分） 听对话，根据对话内容笔头回答问题。每段对话你将听两遍。 请听一段对话，完成小题。 7. What did the boy think of the Sea of Clouds? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. What will the boy do at the school music festival? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. What does the girl want to be when she grows up? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. What are the speakers going to do for Grandparents this weekend? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. What will the speakers buy tomorrow? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 三、听后转写(共6分) 听短文，根据所听内容和提示信息转写短文内容，请将文段写在答题纸上。短文你将连续听三遍。 12. Hi, I’m Chris. Here is some information about ___________________________________________________________________________________ 第二部分(55分) 四、单项填空(共9分，每小题1分) 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Tomorrow is my dad’s birthday. I’m going to make a card for ________. A. himself B. him C. his D. he 2. ________ winter, Andy often goes skiing with his friends. A. On B. In C. At D. Of 3. —________ I hang out with my friends after dinner? —Sure, but you have to finish your homework first. A. Could B. Must C. Will D. Would 4. Tu Youyou is one of ________ scientists in China. A. famous B. more famous C. most famous D. the most famous 5. —________ are you going to be a firefighter, John? —Because I want to protect others from danger. A. When B. Where C. Why D. How 6. Mr. Smith helps me a lot, ________ I respect him very much and always take his advice seriously. A. for B. or C. so D. but 7. If I have free time tomorrow, I ________ up my bedroom and decorate it. A. tidied B. to tidy C. tidy D. will tidy 8. —Where is Jim? —He is in his bedroom. He ________ to music with his new headphones. A. listen B. will listen C. is listening D. listened 9. It ________ last night, so the air outside is really fresh and clean now. A. rained B. rains C. will rain D. rain 五、短文填空（共8分，每小题1分） 第一节 阅读下面短文，在方框内选择最佳选项将短文补充完整。其中有2个多余选项。 A. Thanks to B. performed C. Instead of D. simple E. organized F. get together Last term, our class started a challenging project: creating a community garden. At first, digging and planting seemed ____10____, but we soon realized it needed hard work. Every Saturday morning, we would ____11____ first and then start to work. Everyone tried their best. Little by little, the hard jobs became easier. After months of effort, we harvested (收获) our first vegetables. We ____12____ a party at the community center to celebrate and share our joy with the neighbors. They were amazed by what we had done. ____13____ this unforgettable experience, I learned the true meaning of teamwork and patience. 第二节 阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处填写1个恰当的英文单词，在给出提示词的空白处填写该词的正确形式。 If you want to study more efficiently, here are a few ___14___ (use) tips to get you going. First, make a clear daily plan. Write down what to study and how much time to spend ___15___ each subject—this can stop you from wasting time. Second, find a quiet place. Turn off your phone or put it away so that those ___16___ (message) won’t trouble you. Third, review what you’ve learned regularly. Spend 10-15 minutes going over your in-class notes. By doing so, you can remember things better and longer. Finally, don’t forget ___17___ (take) short breaks, especially after focusing on difficult subjects like math or physics for 40 minutes—even a 5-minute walk can help. 六、完形填空（共12分，每小题1.5分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Listen Up! It was a sunny morning. Jamie woke up, expecting a good day. But as he headed downstairs, he ____18____ his parents having another loud argument. Dad was at the table, drinking coffee with a frown (皱眉); his mom was at the stove, turning pancakes over a bit more ____19____ than usual. “Why are you upset?” Jamie asked carefully. “We’ve just had a big ____20____, but we’ll work it through,” said Mom. Jamie nodded, but he could see that both his parents seemed distracted (心不在焉). “Why don’t we play ‘The Listening Game’?” advised Jamie. “We each take turns talking, and everyone else listens carefully without cutting in. Then, we change roles.” They all settled into the living room, Jamie between his parents. His mom started. “I feel like we’ve been too busy with work to just be together these days.” His dad nodded. “I’ve been ____21____ about that too, because I want everything to be perfect for us.” It was Jamie’s turn now. “I ____22____ it when we used to have pizza night and play board games. That was fun.” It turned out they were all thinking about the same thing: they wanted to spend time together without distractions As the day went on, the house felt lighter and happier. In the evening, they made their homemade pizza and played board games together. They argued with each other in the game, but it was in good fun, like the old days, because now they were all talking and listening more. As they laughed, Jamie felt ____23____ inside. “Thank you for listening today,” Jamie said softly to his parents before bed. Both his mom and dad kissed his forehead. “Thank you, Jamie, for ____24____ us how important it is to listen and talk.” That night, Jamie dreamed of more fun time, filled with laughter and love. He knew life wouldn’t always be perfect, but as long as they ____25____ each other and kept talking, things would turn out just fine. 18. A. mentioned B. showed C. heard D. imagined 19. A. lively B. pleasantly C. politely D. quickly 20. A. success B. disagreement C. idea D. failure 21. A. proud B. worried C. surprised D. careless 22. A. miss B. forget C. feel D. accept 23. A. confident B. regretful C. disappointed D. warm 24. A. giving B. asking C. reminding D. passing 25. A. greeted B. had C. helped D. followed 七、阅读理解（共26分，每小题2分） A 第一节 阅读下列景点介绍，请根据人物喜好和需求匹配最适合的景点，并将景点对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 China is a country full of breathtaking natural wonders and cultural sites. Here are some of the most beautiful and popular places in China. A Zhangjiajie, Hunan Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is a must-see place. It’s popular with hikers of all ages. If you love nature and the beauty of mountains and forests, you can go for a visit at any time of the year. B Lhasa, Xizang Walking along Barkhor Street, you can explore the local market and experience Lhasa’s daily life. You can also visit the amazing Potala Palace. Its red and white walls look so beautiful against the blue sky. C Sanya, Hainan Every winter, thousands of visitors go to Sanya for the warm sunshine and golden beaches. There are lots of fun things to do, like swimming and playing beach volleyball. You can also eat fresh fruit and seafood. It is a good place to relax. D Xi’an, Shaanxi If you prefer to learn Chinese history and culture, Shaanxi History Museum will be the best choice. You can also visit the Terracotta Army. There are over 8,000 clay soldiers and horses. Each soldier has a different face! ____26____Alice I love swimming and I want to enjoy the warm sunshine on the beach ____27____Tony I am a hiking lover and would like to see beautiful mountains and forests. ____28____Harry I like visiting museums and hope to know more about Chinese culture and history. 第二节 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 B Last summer, I went to a nature camp in the countryside. When I got off the bus, I saw a large rose field. The smell of roses reminded me of my childhood. When I was little, my grandparents grew roses in the yard. I avoided going to their front yard all summer, because I had a fear of bees which often visited flowers. I asked a camp worker curiously (好奇地), “Why do people plant roses here?” “They’re for the bees,” she said with a smile. Bees? I froze for a moment, unsure if I’d heard it correctly. Later that afternoon, a man with a name card that read “Mr. Poppy—beekeeper” walked over. Seeing the word “beekeeper”, I drew back a little. “We’re collecting honey today,” he said. “It’s a two-person job. Would you like to help?” “Me?” I asked, my voice shaky. He nodded kindly. “Don’t worry. The bees are calm. You’ll be safe.” I wanted to refuse but a quiet voice inside told me to be brave. So, I nodded. He handed me a netted hat to protect my face. “We don’t need to wear the full suit,” he said. “The bees stay calm if we move slowly.” Then he opened the top of a hive and blew some smoke inside. Reaching in carefully, he lifted out a board coated with honeycomb. “See? They don’t mind,” he said. “Want to try?” Trying to ease my fear inside, I put on a protective glove nervously. As soon as my hand reached the hive, the bees began to stir. My heart raced. I shut my eyes and held the board carefully. I could feel tiny bees climbing on my skin. Holding my breath, I lifted the board slowly. I opened my eyes to look at the board in my hands. The honeycomb on it had thousands of tiny holes, neat like a small but beautiful city of gold. I couldn’t believe how perfect it looked. Then some bees moved along my arm calmly, as if enjoying the ride. And I was quite safe! Mr. Poppy handed me a piece of honeycomb. “The best taste is straight from the honeycomb,” he said. I bit into it. The honey was sweet and warm, with a soft taste of rose. I closed my eyes and smiled. 29. The writer avoided going to his grandparents’ front yard because he ________. A. was afraid of bees B. didn’t want to plant flowers C. was tired of the smell of roses D. didn’t enjoy playing outdoors 30 How did the writer feel when he saw the board in his hands? A. Hopeful. B. Angry. C. Amazed. D. Tired. 31. What did the writer learn from the experience? A. Bravery brings sweet fruits. B. Helping others creates lasting joy. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. A curious mind never gets bored. C Artificial intelligence (AI) is now widely used in our daily lives. From talking with chatbots to using different apps, we use AI to complete tasks more quickly and easily. While we enjoy the convenience it brings, there may be some possible problems. Researchers have found that AI is not only changing how we talk, but also changing the way we think. If you use AI-powered chatbots (聊天机器人), you’re probably thinking that you’re both speaking the same language. But it’s not like that. Instead of processing texts like a human, an AI chatbot turns our messages into groups of numbers, like coordinates (坐标) on a map. And just as a paper map can’t show what a place really looks like, those numbers can’t fully express the meaning and feeling behind our language. Actually, the chatbot’s responses are not real English but a simulacrum (模拟物) of human language. What worries researchers is that English speakers are starting to talk more like chatbots. For example, one chatbot uses the word delve much more often than people do in writing. This may result from small mistakes or biases (偏见) in how AI is trained. Many of the workers, who check over large language model (LLM) outputs, come from countries where delve is commonly used. Because of this, the word appears more often in AI writing. Since this chatbot came out in late 2022, the use of delve in research papers has grown by ten times, as more writers turn to AI for help. Even more surprisingly, a study reported in Scientific American found that people have started using delve more often in daily conversations. This means it’s not just AI copying humans—humans are also copying AI without realizing it. In terms of language using, this change may not seem serious. After all, language is always changing over time. However, language also shows deeper changes in society. If AI can shape the words we use, it might also spread other kinds of biases such as gender biases or political biases, which are much harder to notice. We need to remember that AI tools are not completely neutral (中立的). Although they can bring us convenience, they hold the power to reshape our thinking. 32. The word “delve” appears more often in AI writing because ________. A. people want to make AI sound more like humans B. AI often chooses shorter and simpler words to use C. AI sometimes makes mistakes in choosing the words D. workers who check AI’s writing prefer to use the word 33. Which of the following statements would the writer agree with? A. AI helps to show humans what a place looks like. B. AI learns human language by using common words. C. AI might have certain biases in an unnoticeable way. D. AI understands the feelings behind humans’ words. 34. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To tell people to train chatbots in a special way. B. To encourage people to use AI tools to write more often. C. To remind people of the possible problems AI tools may bring. D. To teach people how to talk to chatbots in order to avoid biases. D Weighing about three pounds, the human brain uses the most energy in the body and is larger than the brains of most other animals. The reason? Our brain evolved (进化) to deal with large social networks. So humans, it seems, are built to socialize. Three-quarters of the brain is the neocortex, an area for cognitive functions (认知功能) like memory, language and problem-solving. These abilities enable people to get along with their families, friends, and sports teams and build a wide social network. But keeping these relationships requires a lot of mental effort. Because of this, there is a limit (限度) to how many close relationships we can keep, according to British psychologist Robin Dunbar. To understand these limits, Dunbar studied large primates (灵长类动物) and found that the bigger the neocortex, the larger the social group. Based on his studies of over 30 primate species, he estimated (估计) that humans can have social groups of around 150 people. He compared human relationships to ripples (涟漪) on a pond. The innermost circle is just about five people—friends or family members—that you feel emotionally closest to. Then comes a layer with 10 additional good friends you often see. “About 60% of your social attention goes to these 15 people,” Dunbar said. Farther out is what he calls your “weekend party group” of 50 people, including the 15 that you see regularly. Finally, the outer layer brings the total to 150 people, including another 100 you would invite to your once-in-a-lifetime big events. He estimates that there are about 350 people you know in addition to your 150 close friends. Beyond that, most of us can recognize another 1,000 people by sight—for example, famous people—but they might not recognize you. “Those outer layers beyond 150 are kind of one-way relationships,” Dunbar said. “But the key to the 150 and the layers within is that they are reciprocated. Unlike one-sided relationships of the outer circles, these close connections require each other’s care and effort.” Other researchers think the number is even bigger. In the time of social media, it seems possible to go beyond 150 people. But Dunbar believes online communication doesn’t change the size of our close networks. “It’s hard to get real emotional support from someone you can’t physically hug,” he says, “It’s just not the same.” 35. According to Dunbar, the size of large primates’ social networks depends on ________. A. their memory B. the size of the neocortex C. the need to socialize D. their intelligence 36. What can we learn from the passage? A. The number of people we see regularly is around 15. B. Most primates can recognize 1,000 of their kind by sight. C. The innermost circle takes up 60% of people’s social attention. D. Social media increases the size of the social network by 150 people. 37. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 7 “they are reciprocated” probably means ________. A. their relationships progress over time B. their relationships are easy to manage C. they are similar to each other in many ways D. they both work to keep the relationship going 38. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. The Neocortex: A Key Area in Your Brain B. The Size of Our Social Networks Is Limited C. Building Social Connections with More Effort D. Emotional Support Matters in Human Relationships 第三部分(20分) 八、阅读与表达(共10分，第51-53题各2分，第54题4分) 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。 What’s your preferred playback speed: 1×, 1.5× or 2×? When listening to an audiobook or podcast (播客), some people prefer the 1× speed. They say, “I want to hear people talk at a normal human rate (速率).” Others like it at a faster speed, and some of them think 1.8× is the “just right” speed. In fact, people’s preferred playback speeds are a hot topic online. It shows how people, especially young people, are using digital (电子的) media in different ways. A survey by The Economist found that 31% of Americans aged 18-29 listened to audio at playback speeds faster than 1×, compared with only 8% of those aged 45 and older. Many platforms (平台) offer fast-playback choices. Users can listen to podcasts or go through audio forms of texts at different speeds. Most media platforms also allow viewers to speed up videos. One platform even added a 4× choice for paying users because many users asked for it. The time saved by fast playback is huge. According to a video platform, its users around the world save over 900 years of time every day by using fast playback. Listening at a faster speed doesn’t seem to influence listeners’ ability to focus. Scientists say that the average person speaks at a rate of about 150 words per minute, but our brains can deal with information faster than that. Some Canadian researchers in a study looked at test scores of students who had watched talks back at different speeds. They found that the speed up to 1.5× didn’t influence students’ performance. But students’ scores started to drop when playback speeds reached 2× or higher. For audio and video platforms, there is no harm in offering different playback choices. But for people who listen at fast speeds, they lose the art of language itself. Yet for many, to speed or not to speed is no longer a question. 39. What percent of Americans aged 18-29 listened to audio at playback speeds faster than 1×? _________________________________________________________________________ 40. Why did a video platform even add a 4× choice for paying users? _________________________________________________________________________ 41. What did Canadian researchers find about the speed up to 1.5×? _________________________________________________________________________ 42. What’s your preferred playback speed, 1×, 1.5× or 2×? Why?(Please give two reasons.) _________________________________________________________________________ 九、文段表达(10分) 55.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据所给中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的真实校名和姓名。 题目① 43. 根据所给中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的真实校名和姓名。 假设你是李华。你们班的英语课正在开展研究性学习，你选择研究同学使用AI助力英语学习的情况，对40名同学进行了问卷调查(survey)。请用英语根据下图写一篇短文，简要描述调查结果，并对班级同学使用AI助力英语学习提出建议。 提示词语：show, 11% of the students, creative, depend, wise 提示问题：·What’s the result of the survey? ·What’s your advice? I surveyed 40 classmates about their use of AI tools to help with English study, and here are the results. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 题目② 44. 根据所给中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的真实校名和姓名。 家，是把幸福的陪伴书写成美好的日常。假如你是李华。某英文网站正在开展以“Love Made Visible”为主题的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，描述你常为家人做的事情，并简要谈谈你的感受。 提示词语：housework, take care of, share, pleased, achievement 提示问题：·What do you do for your family in your daily life? ·How do you feel when you do these things? Home is a place where love is made visible ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $