Unit 1 Time to Relax 知识点梳理 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

人教版八年级下册Unit 1 Time to Relax 知识点梳理+配套练习 一、核心知识点梳理 （一）重点词汇 1. 动词 (1) chat /tʃæt/ v. 闲聊；聊天（过去式/过去分词：chatted，现在分词：chatting）。常见搭配：chat with sb.（和某人聊天）、chat about sth.（谈论某事）。例句：We often chat with our classmates during break time. (2) reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v. 减少；降低。常见搭配：reduce stress（减轻压力）、reduce pollution（减少污染）。例句：Doing yoga helps reduce my mental stress. (3) allow /əˈlaʊ/ v. 允许；许可。常见搭配：allow sb. to do sth.（允许某人做某事）、be allowed to do sth.（被允许做某事）。例句：My parents don't allow me to stay up late. (4) achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v. 实现；取得（名词形式：achievement 成就）。例句：She worked hard to achieve her dream of being a painter. 2. 名词 (1) stress /stres/ n. 精神压力；紧张（不可数名词）。例句：Too much school work brings a lot of stress to teenagers. (2) outing /ˈaʊtɪŋ/ n. 出外游玩；远足。常见搭配：go on an outing（去远足）。例句：Our class will go on an outing to the park this weekend. (3) suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/ n. 建议；提议（可数名词，动词形式：suggest 建议）。例句：She gave me a good suggestion on how to learn English. (4) spirit /ˈspɪrɪt/ n. 勇气；意志；精神。例句：We need the spirit to keep trying when we fail. 3. 形容词/副词 (1) foreign /ˈfɒrən/ adj. 外国的。搭配：foreign language（外语）、foreign countries（外国）。例句：He likes collecting stamps from foreign countries. (2) rather /ˈrɑːðə(r)/ adv. 相当；更准确地说。搭配：rather than（而不是）、would rather（宁愿）。例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out on rainy days. (3) old-fashioned /ˌəʊld ˈfæʃnd/ adj. 过时的；守旧的。例句：This kind of radio is old-fashioned now. （二）重点短语 (1) go on an outing 出外游玩；远足 (2) once in a while 偶尔地；间或 (3) take up 开始学；开始从事；占据（时间/空间） (4) give it a go 试一试 (5) get over 克服（困难、恐惧等） (6) reduce stress 减轻压力 (7) spend time on sth. / (in) doing sth. 花费时间在某事上/做某事 (8) keep fit 保持健康 (9) dream of 梦想；希望 (10) in return 作为回报 (11) calm down 冷静下来；镇定下来 (12) express feelings 表达情感 （三）核心语法 1. 动词不定式（to do）的用法 (1) 作目的状语：表示动作的目的，意为“为了……”。例句：I practice the piano every day to improve my skills.（我每天练钢琴是为了提高技巧。） (2) 作宾语补足语：用于“动词+sb.+to do”结构，说明宾语的动作。常见动词：tell、ask、allow、want、advise、teach等。例句：The teacher told us not to be late for class.（老师告诉我们上课不要迟到。）易错点：否定形式为“动词+sb.+not to do”，not要放在to前面。 (3) 作宾语：跟在某些动词后作宾语，常见动词：want、decide、hope、try、plan、agree、refuse等。例句：She hopes to learn yoga next term.（她希望下学期学瑜伽。） 2. 动名词（doing）作主语 动名词作主语表示抽象、一般性的行为，谓语动词用单数形式。例句： Reading books is a good way to relax.（读书是放松的好方法。） Playing basketball can help us keep fit.（打篮球能帮助我们保持健康。） 辨析：动名词作主语表泛指，不定式作主语表具体、一次性的动作。如：To watch a movie tonight is my plan.（今晚看电影是我的计划。） （四）重点句型 (1) 询问空闲时间活动：What do you do in your free time? / How do you spend your free time? 应答：I like to / I enjoy / I usually... 例句：—What do you do in your free time? —I like to go hiking to get some exercise. (2) 表达做某事的目的：主语+谓语+宾语+to do sth. 例句：He learns English hard to communicate with foreign friends. (3) 表达决定做某事：I decide to do sth. / I make a decision to do sth. 例句：I decided to take up painting last month. (4) 表达偏好：I prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 例句：She prefers to listen to music rather than watch TV. (5) 提出建议：You could / should try doing sth. 例句：You could try yoga to reduce stress. 二、配套练习题 （一）基础过关（每空1分，共20分） A. 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 (1) We usually go on an o______ with our family in spring. (2) Doing sports can help r______ our stress after exams. (3) She has a strong s______ and never gives up when facing difficulties. (4) My grandfather likes collecting old stamps; he thinks they are not old-f______. (5) I d______ of traveling around the world with my best friend one day. B. 用所给单词的适当形式填空 (1) He decided ______ (learn) to play the guitar next year. (2) ______ (chat) with friends is a good way to relax. (3) My parents allow me ______ (go) out with friends on weekends. (4) She spent two hours ______ (finish) her homework yesterday. (5) The teacher told us ______ (not be) careless in the exam. C. 选用合适的短语填空，每空一词，每短语限用一次 take up, get over, keep fit, once in a while, give it a go (1) You should ______ ______ ______ and try new things. (2) He wants to ______ ______ swimming as a new hobby. (3) We go to the cinema ______ ______ ______ to relax. (4) She tried her best to ______ ______ her fear of speaking in public. (5) Eating healthy food and exercising can help us ______ ______. （二）语法专项（每题2分，共20分） (1) ______ (Read) English every morning is helpful for our study. A. Read B. Reading C. To read D. Reads (2) She wants ______ a doctor to help sick people. A. be B. to be C. being D. is (3) The teacher advised us ______ more books in our free time. A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads (4) He practices running every day ______ win the match. A. in order to B. in order that C. so that D. such that (5) My mother told me ______ too much time playing computer games. A. not to spend B. to not spend C. not spend D. don't spend (6) —What do you usually do after school? —I enjoy ______ with my classmates. A. chat B. to chat C. chatting D. chatted (7) He prefers ______ at home rather than go out on rainy days. A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed (8) It's important for us ______ how to express our feelings. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned (9) She started ______ yoga when she was 10 years old. A. do B. to do C. did D. doing (10) ______ the piano well, she practices every day. A. Play B. To play C. Playing D. Played （三）阅读理解（每题2分，共20分） Hobbies are important for everyone. They can help us relax after a busy day and reduce stress. Different people have different hobbies. Some people like physical hobbies, such as playing tennis, doing yoga or going hiking. These hobbies can help us keep fit and make our bodies strong. Others like quiet hobbies, such as reading, collecting stamps or chatting with friends. These hobbies can help us calm down and enrich our minds. I have a hobby of collecting postcards. I started this hobby when I was 12 years old. My uncle gave me a postcard from America as a birthday gift. I fell in love with it at once. Now I have more than 200 postcards from different countries. Some are from my friends, and some are from foreign pen pals. Every time I look at these postcards, I can learn about different cultures and places. It brings me a lot of happiness and a sense of achievement. Hobbies can also help us make friends. When you share your hobby with others, you can find people with the same interest. You can chat about your hobby and learn from each other. Hobbies are not only a way to pass time, but also a way to improve our lives. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 (1) What is the main idea of the first paragraph? A. Different people have different hobbies. B. Hobbies are important and different types of hobbies. C. Physical hobbies are better than quiet hobbies. D. Hobbies can help us make friends. (2) The writer's hobby is ______. A. playing tennis B. collecting postcards C. doing yoga D. reading books (3) When did the writer start collecting postcards? A. At the age of 10. B. At the age of 12. C. At the age of 14. D. At the age of 16. (4) How many postcards does the writer have now? A. More than 100. B. More than 200. C. More than 300. D. More than 400. (5) What can the writer learn from collecting postcards? A. Different cultures and places. B. How to play tennis. C. How to cook food. D. How to speak foreign languages. (6) Which of the following is NOT true about hobbies? A. They can help us relax. B. They can reduce stress. C. They can't help us make friends. D. They can improve our lives. (7) What does the underlined word "enrich" mean in Chinese? A. 耗尽 B. 丰富 C. 浪费 D. 消耗 (8) Physical hobbies can help us ______. A. calm down B. enrich our minds C. keep fit D. learn about cultures (9) The writer got his first postcard from ______. A. his father B. his mother C. his uncle D. his aunt (10) What can we infer from the passage? A. The writer doesn't like quiet hobbies. B. The writer has many foreign pen pals. C. Hobbies are only for teenagers. D. The writer's hobby brings him happiness. （四）书面表达（20分） 每个人都有自己的爱好，爱好能帮助我们放松身心、丰富生活。请以“My Favorite Hobby”为题，写一篇80-100词的短文，内容包括： (1) 你的爱好是什么； (2) 你是如何开始这个爱好的； (3) 这个爱好给你带来的好处。 三、参考答案 （一）基础过关 A. 单词填空 1.outing 2. reduce 3. spirit 4. fashioned 5. dream B. 词形变换 1.to learn 2. Chatting 3. to go 4. finishing 5. not to be C. 短语填空 1.give it a go 2. take up 3. once in a while 4. get over 5. keep fit （二）语法专项 1.B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. B （三）阅读理解 1.B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. D （四）书面表达范文 My Favorite Hobby My favorite hobby is reading. I started this hobby when I was in primary school. My teacher gave me a storybook as a reward, and I was deeply attracted by the interesting stories. Reading helps me relax after a busy day of study. When I read, I can forget all my worries. It also enriches my knowledge and opens up a new world for me. I can learn about different cultures and stories from books. Besides, reading improves my vocabulary and writing skills. I usually read for 30 minutes every night. This hobby brings me a lot of happiness and makes my life more colorful. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $