2026年河北省中职英语一轮复习非谓语动词之动词不定式课件

教学课件 高三一轮复习 非谓语动词 之 动词不定式 Practice makes perfect. 1 To cultivate the good habit of using language correctly in daily life. knowledge objectives ability objectives emotional objectives To summarize the basic usage of the infinitive. To be able to use the infinitive in different situation. Learning objectives 充当的句子成分动词不定式可以 1、作主语 2、作表语 3、作宾语 4、作宾语补足语 5、作定语 6、作状语 想一想 一、不定式结构作主语 To say is one thing. To do is another. To learn English well is important. 动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用 单数形式。如： 注意 (1) To see is to believe. (2) To master English gives us much help in the study of science. 一、不定式结构作主语 It is important to learn English well. 不定式或不定式短语作主语时，常用it作 形式主语，而将真正的主语放在谓语之后。 注意 To hear your voice is so nice. It is so nice to hear your voice. To study hard is very important. It is very important to study hard. 1、It be + adj + (for/ of sb) + to do sth. for : adj.多为描述不定式行为的特征 （important/ necessary / interesting等.） of : adj. 多为 描述主语的品质特征 （kind / nice / friendly / wise / foolish / brave 等.） It 作形式主语时需要注意的是： 1、It be + adj + (for/ of sb) + to do sth. It 作形式主语时需要注意的是： It is easy ______ her to learn English well. It is clever _____ you to solve the problem. for of 学好英语（这个事）是easy的 you（人的品质特征） 是聪明的 2、It be + n (a pleasure / a pity /a pleasant thing / one’s duty / a shame等) + to do sth. (1) It is a pity to have to go without her. (2) It is my pleasure to help you with your English. It 作形式主语时需要注意的是： 3、It takes / took / will take + sb + some time + to do sth. 我每天花去三个小时完成家庭作业。 It takes me three hours to finish the homework every day. I spend three hours finishing the homework every day. It 作形式主语时需要注意的是： 1、It is necessary ______us to learn to wait. (of/for) 2、It was careless ______me to break the cup .（of/for) 3、It took them 1,000 yuan _________this table. (buy) 4、It is my pleasure _________ the box for you. (carry) to buy for of to carry Practice to learn to wait 是necessary的 Me （人的品质特征）是careless 的 It took + sb + some time + to do sth. It be + n (my pleasure ) + to do sth 二、不定式结构作表语 主语 + be + to do sth 主语多为 duty / wish / hope / idea / plan / ambition / dream / work / job 等名词 My idea is to climb the mountain from the north. My dream is to be a singer. His work is to clean the classroom every day. 三、不定式结构作宾语 1、动词+ to do sth 这类动词常见的有：afford / agree / ask / choose / decide / demand / beg / expect / hope / fail / manage / offer / pretend / promise / refuse / want / wish 等 I hope to finish it tomorrow. She plans to go and teach in the country. I didn’t expect to find you here. 2、动词＋疑问词+to do I don’t know what to do / where to go / who to ask / when to stop / how to get there. (2) I haven’t decided whether to sell it or not. (3) We must find out what to do next. (4) She can’t decide which book to buy. 三、不定式结构作宾语 不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+动词+it+宾补（形容词、名词）+不定式”结构。 He found it very difficult to get to sleep. 动词不定式作宾语的注意事项 主 语 动 词 宾 补 真正宾语 形式宾语 不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+动词+it+宾补（形容词、名词）+不定式”结构。 I find it difficult to understand him. We thought it wrong not to help her. 动词不定式作宾语的注意事项 Practice 1. She agreed _____ him a computer. A buy B to buy C bought D buying 2. He managed _____ there in time. A get B to get C got D getting 3. I think it a pity _____ you _____ this meeting. A for; not to attend B of; not to attend C of; to not attend D for; to not attend B B A Practice 4. We are often told _____ people in trouble. A to smiling B not to smile C to laugh D not to laugh at 5. Sam is learning _____ a car. A where to drive B how driving C how to drive D what to drive D C 四、不定式结构作宾语补足语 1、动词 + 宾语（sb./sth.) + to do sth. 这类动词常见的有：ask / tell / want / order consider / know / teach / find / expect / advise / allow / permit / forbid 等 The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help. 2、动词+宾语+不带to的不定式 在使役动词和感官动词后作宾补的动词不定式要省略to, 动词help 之后的to可有可无。 一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to 三让：make, let, have 四看：see, notice, watch, look at 半帮助：help Mother made me do my homework carefully. (2) I saw the teacher come into the classroom. (3) The teacher made the boy clean the window. (4) We felt the house shake. 以上结构变为被动语态时，动词不定 式则成为主语补足语，to不能省略。 (let, have无被动语态) The boy was made to clean the window. I was made to do my homework carefully. The teacher was seen to come into the classroom. Practice 1、Let him _______ the work at once. (finish / to finish) 2、Do you like listening to other people______? (talk / talking/to talk ) 3、Jim was seen _________the room. (enter /to enter ) 4、Please tell her _________here on time . (come / to come) finish talk to enter to come Practice 5. The teacher had the students _______ the new words in their exercise-books. A copying B copied C to copy D copy 6. We find it funny _______ with him. A talking B to talk C talk D talked 7. The man is made ________ his girl friend. A leave B leaving C to leave D leave D B C 五、不定式结构作定语 动词不定式作定语要置于被修饰的名词之后。 I have a lot of work to do. I want to find something to drink. 动词不定式作定语的注意事项 1、 如果不定式中的动词是不及物 动词,则不定式中要有介词. He is looking for a room to live in. to live in a room There is nothing to worry about. to worry about nothing 2、不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工 具等，即使是及物动词，不定式后面仍须有相应的介词。 请给我一支写字的笔. Please give me a pen to write with. to write with a pen 动词不定式作定语的注意事项 3、不定式所修饰的名词如果是 time, place或 way，不定式 后面的介词习惯上要省去。 He had no money and no place to live. 他没钱没地方住。 动词不定式作定语的注意事项 Practice D 1. I’m looking for a hotel _________. A. stay B. stay at C. to stay D. to stay at 2. The nurse has five children to look_____. A. after B for C at D to 3. Let’s first find a room to put the things_____. A. in B to C at D for A A 六、不定式结构作状语 不定式结构可以作状语，修饰动词、形容词、 副词等，表示目的、原因、结果、条件等。 1、表示目的： (1) He bought a bicycle to go to town more quickly. (2) He went home to see his mother. 2、原因状语: 主语 + be + adj.(表情感) + to do sth. (happy / glad angry / sorry / sad /afraid 等) (1) I’m sorry to hear that. (2) I’m glad to see you. 六、不定式结构作状语 3、结果状语 too + adj./adv. +to do sth. adj./adv. enough to do sth. (1) The boy is old enough to go to school. (2) You are too young to do this job. (3) He ran fast enough to catch the bus. (4) His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters. 六、不定式结构作状语 Ⅰ.指出下列各画线部分在句子中的作用. 1. The students stopped to have a rest. 2. We have no time to watch TV. 3.Her wish is to be a teacher. 4. Mr. Li asked the boys not to talk in class. 5. It isn’t polite to spit in public. 6. He didn’t tell me how to use the computer. 7. Miss Zou made us speak English in class. 8. I’m sorry I forgot to post the letter. 9. They want me to speak at the meeting. 目的状语 定 语 表 语 宾 补 主 语 宾 补 宾 补 宾 语 宾 补 Homework： 1.Remember the grammar rules and make a map mind of this class. 2.Complete the grammar exercises in the workbook. 教学课件 Thank you! Goodbye! 33 $