第02讲 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle重点单词+词组+重点句型讲练(选择性必修三) （寒假预习讲义）高二英语人教版

第02讲Unit2 Healthy Lifestyle重点单词+词组+重点句型讲练(选择性必修三) 一、精讲X3 U2 重点单词+词组 一、词汇清单 知识点1 habit n. 习惯 教材原句 Breaking a bad habit, like excessive screen time, requires strong willpower and a clear plan. 改掉一个坏习惯，比如过度的屏幕使用时间，需要强大的意志力和清晰的计划。 [拓展] (1) habitual adj. 习惯性的；惯常的 (2) form/develop/cultivate a habit 养成习惯 (3) be in the habit of doing sth. 有做某事的习惯 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① He’s a __________ (habit) coffee drinker, having at least three cups every morning. ② It's easier to prevent a bad __________ (habit) than to break it once it's formed. ③ She has gotten __________ the habit of taking a short walk after dinner. 知识点2 addict n. 有瘾的人；入迷的人 vt. 使成瘾；使入迷 教材原句 Social media platforms are designed to capture our attention, and some people can easily become addicts. 社交媒体平台旨在吸引我们的注意力，有些人很容易就上瘾了。 [拓展] (1) addicted adj. 上瘾的；入迷的 (2) addictive adj. 使人上瘾的 (3) addiction n. 瘾；沉迷 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① He admitted that he was __________ (addict) to online gaming and needed help. ② The __________ (addict) nature of some smartphone games is a concern for parents. ③ She overcame her __________ (addict) to sugar through gradual diet changes. 知识点3 stress n. 压力；紧张 vt. 强调；使焦虑 教材原句 Chronic stress can have serious negative effects on both physical and mental health. 长期的压力会对身心健康产生严重的负面影响。 [拓展] (1) stressful adj. 压力大的；紧张的 (2) under stress 在压力下 (3) stress management 压力管理 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空 ① Finding a healthy outlet is crucial for coping with __________ (stress) situations. ② The doctor __________ (stress) the importance of getting enough sleep for recovery. ③ Many students suffer from exam-related __________ (stress). 知识点4 diet n. 饮食；日常食物 教材原句 A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is fundamental to good health. 富含水果、蔬菜和全谷物的均衡饮食是健康的基础。 [拓展] (1) dietary adj. 饮食的 (2) go on a diet 节食 (3) a healthy/unhealthy diet 健康/不健康的饮食 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① __________ (diet) fiber is important for digestive health. ② After the health scare, he decided to go on a strict __________ (diet). ③ Her __________ (diet) habits have improved significantly since she started cooking at home. 知识点5 routine n. 常规；日常安排 adj. 常规的；例行的 教材原句 Establishing a daily exercise routine can make it easier to stay consistent and motivated. 建立一个日常锻炼常规可以让坚持和保持动力变得更容易。 [拓展] (1) daily routine 日常生活规律 (2) a matter of routine 常规事项 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① Her morning __________ (routine) includes meditation and a healthy breakfast. ② The safety checks are just __________ (routine) procedures; there's nothing to worry about. ③ Sticking to a sleep __________ (routine) helps regulate your body clock. 知识点6 willpower n. 意志力 教材原句 It takes tremendous willpower to resist temptation and stick to your long-term health goals. 抵制诱惑并坚持你的长期健康目标需要巨大的意志力。 [拓展] (1) strength of will 意志力 (2) exercise/strengthen one's willpower 锻炼/增强意志力 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① She relied on sheer __________ (willpower) to complete the marathon. ② Developing strong __________ (willpower) is like building a muscle; it requires practice. ③ His __________ (willpower) finally gave out, and he ate the whole cake. 知识点7 balance n. 平衡；余额 vt. 使平衡；权衡 教材原句 The key to a sustainable healthy lifestyle is finding a balance between work, rest, and play. 可持续健康生活方式的关键是在工作、休息和娱乐之间找到平衡。 [拓展] (1) balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的 (2) keep/lose/maintain balance 保持/失去/维持平衡 (3) work-life balance 工作与生活的平衡 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① A __________ (balance) diet provides all the necessary nutrients. ② It's challenging to __________ (balance) the demands of a career with family life. ③ The gymnast has an incredible sense of __________ (balance). 知识点8 prevent vt. 预防；阻止 教材原句 Regular health check-ups can help prevent diseases by detecting problems early. 定期健康检查可以通过早期发现问题来帮助预防疾病。 [拓展] (1) prevention n. 预防 (2) preventable adj. 可预防的 (3) prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① Vaccination is a key method of disease __________ (prevent). ② Most tooth decay is __________ (prevent) with good oral hygiene. ③ A good sunscreen can __________ (prevent) your skin from sun damage. 知识点9 relax vi./vt. （使）放松；（使）休息 教材原句 It’s important to relax and unwind after a long day to reduce stress levels. 一天漫长的工作后，放松和休息对降低压力水平很重要。 [拓展] (1) relaxation n. 放松；消遣 (2) relaxed adj. 放松的；轻松的 (3) relaxing adj. 令人放松的 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① Reading a book is my favorite form of __________ (relax). ② She felt much more __________ (relax) after a warm bath. ③ We spent a __________ (relax) weekend at the countryside. 知识点10 essential adj. 必不可少的；本质的 n. [常pl.] 必需品；要点 教材原句 Adequate sleep is essential for memory consolidation and emotional regulation. 充足的睡眠对于记忆巩固和情绪调节是必不可少的。 [拓展] (1) be essential to/for... 对……必不可少 (2) essentially adv. 本质上；基本上 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① Water is __________ (essential) for survival. __________ (essential), the report says we need to take immediate action. 三、熟词生义 rest n./vi. 休息（常见义） n. 剩余部分；其余（生义） [牛刀小试] 用 rest 的适当形式填空。 1.I'm feeling tired; I need to sit down and for a while. 2.Fruits and vegetables should make up half your plate, with the being protein and grains. train n. 火车；vt. 训练（常见义） n. 一连串，系列（尤指事件或想法）（生义） [牛刀小试] 用 train 的适当形式填空。 1.You need to regularly to build up your stamina for the race. 2.Staying up late started a of unhealthy habits, like skipping breakfast and relying on caffeine. screen n. 屏幕；vt. 掩蔽（常见义） vt. 筛查；检查（生义） [牛刀小试] 用 screen 的适当形式填空。 1.He spends too much time staring at a , whether it's his phone or computer. 2.All newborns are for certain genetic disorders in the hospital. 二、精讲X3 U2 重点句型： 动名词作主语 It is + adj. + to do sth.句型 not only... but also... 连接并列成分 so that引导目的状语从句 so + adj. + that... 引导结果状语从句 make it + adj. + to do sth.结构 the reason why... is that... 强调原因 By doing... 作方式状语 even if/though引导让步状语从句 1.__________ for at least seven hours each night is crucial for cognitive function and emotional well-being. 2. __________ maintain a balanced diet with so many fast food options available. (challenging) 3. Regular exercise __________ helps you maintain a healthy weight, __________ improves your cardiovascular health. 4. You should schedule your workouts in advance __________ you treat them as important appointments. 5. The sugary drink was __________ he felt a surge of energy followed by a sharp crash. (sweet) 6. Busy work schedules often __________ for people to prepare home-cooked meals every day. (difficult) 7.__________ many diets fail in the long run __________ they are too restrictive and unsustainable. 8. __________, you can turn healthy behaviors into automatic parts of your daily life. (start with small changes) 9. __________ your progress in a journal can be a powerful motivator and help you stay on track. (record) 10. __________ you don't have a full hour to spare, you can still benefit from a 20-minute brisk walk. (even though) XB3U2词汇变形、短语和精练题： 词汇拓展 1.______n./v.滥用;虐待;辱骂→_______ n.滥用/施虐者→_______adj.辱骂的;虐待的;滥用的 ________adj.充满活力的,精力充沛的;动态的 2. _______v.支配;控制;占有优势→___________n.控制;支配 ________n.外科医生 _______n.外科;外科手术 3. ________n.心理学;心理→______________adj.心理的;精神上的→______________n.心理学家 4. _______ vt.(仔细)检查;审查;测验→________ n.考试;检查;查问 _______vt.提高,促进,增强=_______=________ ______adj.晕眩的 5. _______ v.组成;作曲;撰写;使镇静→________ n.作曲家;作家→__________n.创作,写作,作文 _____________由…构成=______________ 6. _______ n.外科医生→______ n.外科手术;外科学 _________adj.悲观的;消极的(=________) 反:optimistic adj.乐观的;积极的(=positive) 7. ______vt.打扰;搅乱;使烦恼→________adj.令人不安/烦恼的→_______ adj.烦恼的,不安的 _______ v.打断;打扰vt.使暂停→_________n.打扰;插嘴 8. ________n.专科医生;专家→________v.专门从事;详细说明;特化→________adj.特别的n.特价商;特色菜 drug n.药物;毒品 9. ________n.顾问;高级顾问医师→_______v.查阅;商量;向…请教 ________vt.训练;管教n.纪律,自律,学科→________adj.受过训练的,遵守纪律的 10. ________vt.刺激,激发;鼓励→_________n.刺激;激发→__________adj.使人兴奋的,刺激的 11. ________vt.使恢复精力;使凉爽;刷新→________adj.使清爽的;使人重新振作的→_________adj.感到振奋的,神清气爽的→___________ n. 12. ________vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收→_________n.吸收;全神贯注,专心致志 沉迷于be ________/________/____ in… 13. ______n.设备,设施(可数) ______v.促进(=______=_____),使便利 ______ vt.装备→________ n.设备(不可数) ____________配备有… 14. ______n.月→_______ adj.每月的,每月一次的 _____n.一天→_______adj.每日的;日常的 _______v回答(to);反应→_______n.回答;反应 15. ________vt./n.释放;发行 _______(=________) vt.解除;减轻→________adj.放心的,宽慰的,如释重负 16. ________ v.辨别,承认,认可→__________ n.(去ze加tion) ______ v.重复→________adj.反复的,再三的→________n.重复 17. _______ n.喜剧 _______ n.悲剧 ______=________取消 ______=________延迟 ______=________=________vt.记住,回忆 18. v./n.跳;不参加;悄悄溜走;略过:skip-________-_______ skip school/class _____/____ _______ vt.删除→________n.删除 19. reward→rewarding ______ v.重复→________adj.反复的,再三的→________n.重复→repeatedly review/revise: 19. _________vt.＆vi.(使)结合;混合→___________ n.结合;结合物 ________________和…结合在一起 20. ________adj.暴力的,猛烈的→________ n.激烈;暴力 家庭暴力__________________ 21. ________adj.小心的,谨慎的→________n.小心,谨慎;_____(=________),警示vt.警告(=______) 22. ______ vt.涉及;使担忧→________adj.担心的;相关的→__________ prep.关于 和…有关______________ 担忧/关心…___________________ 23. _______vt.＆vi.递送;传达 vt.发表(a ______);接生(a _____)→________n.发表;递送 24. _______v.承认;准许进入;接纳;容纳(=___________=________)→_________n.承认,入场费 被…录取:be admitted to… 一定要双写t! 25. _________vt.欣赏(=_______),感激(____________),重视(=_____),理解(=_________),增值→______________n.欣赏,感激 26. ________n.运动员;运动健儿→________adj.健壮的;运动的→________ n.田径运动 27. ______v.联系;讲述→_______adj.有关/有联系的→______n.关系→_______n.亲戚adj.相对的→________n.相对性 ________和…感同身受/有联系 28. ________adj.高级的;高等的;先进的→_________n.前进;发展v.前进;发展;促进 ________n.慈善(组织)→___________adj.行善的;慷慨施舍的 29. ________vt.忽视;对…不予理会(=________ n.&vt.)→__________n.无知;愚昧→_________adj.愚昧的,无知的 二、汉译英 1． [ˈsɜːdʒəri] n. 外科手术；外科学 2． [ˌlɪbəˈreɪʃn] n. 解放；摆脱 3． [ʃeɪv] vi., vt. &n. 剃(须发)；刮脸 4． 剃掉；刮去 5． [bɪəd] n. 胡须；络腮胡子 6． [dɪˈstɜːb] vt. 打扰；搅乱；使烦恼 7． [ˌsɪɡəˈret] n. 香烟；卷烟 8． [ˈspeʃəlɪst] n. 专科医生；专家 9． [kənˈsʌltənt] n. 顾问；高级顾问医师 10． [drʌɡ] n. 毒品；药物 11． [skɪp] vt. 跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走 12． [skɪp]vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳 n. 蹦跳 13． [ˈdɪzi] adj. 头晕目眩的 14． [flu:] n. 流感 15． [təˈbækəʊ] n. 烟草；烟叶 16． [ˈælkəhɒl] n. 酒；酒精 17． [əˈbjuːs] n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 18． [əˈbjuːz] vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 19． [ˈfɪzɪkl] adj. 身体的；客观存在的；物理学的 20． [ˈdɒmɪneɪt] vt & vi. 支配；控制；占有优势 21． [rɪˈpiːtɪdli] adv. 重复地 22． [saɪˈkɒlədʒi] n. 心理学；心理；心理影响 23． [kju:] n. 提示；暗示；信号 vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示) 24． 回答；答复 25． [rɪˈwɔːd] n. 奖励；报酬 vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬 26． [rɪˈlaɪ] vi. 依赖；依靠；信赖 27． 依赖；依靠；信赖 28． [fəˈsɪlɪteɪt] vt. 促进；促使；使便利 29． [ɪɡˈzæmɪn] vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验 30． [ˈstɪmjuleɪt] vt. 激发；促进；刺激 31． ['dentɪst ] n. 牙科医生 32． [ˈʃʊɡəri] adj. 含糖的；甜的 33． [nʌt] n. 坚果 34． [ˈskeɪtbɔːd] n. 滑板 vi. 滑滑板 35． [daɪˈnæmɪk] adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的 36． 焦虑不安；疲惫不堪 37． 筋疲力尽的；心力交瘁 38． [ˈbəʊlɪŋ] n. 保龄球运动 39． [ˈkɒmədi] n. 喜剧；喜剧片；滑稽节目 40． [ˈmʌnθli] adv & adj. 每月；每月一次的 n. 月刊 41． [ɪnˈhɑːns; NAmE -ˈhæns] vt. 提高；增强；増进 42． [rɪˈfreʃ] vt. 使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新 43． [əbˈsːb] vt. 吸引全部注意力；吸收 三、重难短语精练 1．参加比赛 2．为……而训练 3．突破难关 4．赢得奖牌 5．克服困难 6．下定决心 7．体力不支 8．团队合作 9．全力以赴 10．取得进步 11．lead 导致 12． example 例如 13．become involved 参与；卷入；与……有关联 14．prevent… …阻止；不准 15．over over again再三地；反复地 16．according 按照；根据……所说 17．in response 回答；答复 18．rely 依赖；依靠；信赖 19．combine… … 把……与……结合起来 20．rather 而不是 21．aside 除了……外 22．straight 立即；马上 23．give 放弃；投降 24． all 毕竟；别忘了 25．decide 决定；选定 26．make one’s mind 下定决心 27． time 随着时间的推移 28．be composed 由……组成（或构成）的 29． once 立刻；马上 30．shave 剃掉；刮去 31．in control 控制，掌握；管理 32．cut 停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下 33．take 占用；占据；开始从事；接受；拿起 34． a diet 节食 35．stick 坚持 36．pick 拾起；收拾；整理； (偶然)学会；用车接某人；收听到； (身体)好转 37．stay 熬夜 38． the end of在……尽头；在……末端 39．suffer 受……折磨；受……之苦；患某种疾病 40．take part 参与 (某事)；参加 (某活动) 41．stress 焦虑不安；心力交瘁 42．day night 日日夜夜；夜以继日 43．worn 筋疲力尽的；疲惫的 44．take control 控制；接管 45．try 参加……选拔 (或试演)；试用，试验 46． 养成健康的生活方式 47． 改变不良习惯 48． 回答；答复 49． 依赖；依靠；信赖 50． 立即；马上 51． 决定；选定 52． 下定决心 53． 由……组成(或构成)的 54． 剃掉；刮去 55． 以……开始 56． 身心健康问题 57． 作出选择 58． 焦虑不安；心力交瘁 59． 筋疲力尽的；疲惫的 60． 尝试新的方法 四、单句语法填空 1．The doctor demanded that the nurse (examine) the pulse of the patient immediately. 2．From the earliest days of the industry, Hollywood (dominate) the world film market. 3．These children were physically in better shape and drank fewer (sugar) soft drinks. 4．I made up my mind (study) harder rather than waste precious time on useless things, such as playing video games and chatting online. 5．The chemical experiment can be used (stimulate) the students to learn chemistry. 6．Before (liberate), there were only bitter days and sorrow. 7．It’s necessary for us (master) a foreign language in the modern society. 8．It’s important for us (protect) wild animals from extinction. 9．A short nap can (refresh) your mind and body. 10．It is rewarding (participate) in the volunteer work. 11． (master) a foreign language is helpful to us. 12．She spent 15 years as a child .(psychology) 13．It is time for us (get) up in order to catch the first bus. 14．It is very necessary (master) a foreign language in modern society. 15．Since they had to finish the project report quickly, the two small discussion activities (skip) by the group members last Friday. 16．The government has introduced a series of new policies in (respond) to the public’s growing concern over environmental pollution. 17．The company made a quick adjustment in (respond) to the market changes. 18．Many new technologies appeared rapidly, (dominate) the global market in just a few years. 19．One recent study of college students found that a quarter of people crossing intersections (absorb) in a device. 20． (preserve) traditional festivals is essential for passing down cultural values to future generations. 五、小语段填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cold water swimming sometimes called wild swimming, which builds endurance, muscle strength and cardiovascular fitness, involves swimming in natural areas including ponds, rivers and the sea. Many people are taking risks to have a try, 1 (base) on evidence that it can really be good for us. For example, on a cold Sunday in February, a group of Harpswellians wearing swimsuits gathered at Tide Mill Cove on Harpswell Neck to do 2 unthinkable. The group, known 3 Harpswell Open Water Swimmers, had a relaxing swim in water just barely above freezing. Participants 4 (meet) regularly since last November 5 (enjoy)a recreation most people would consider a waking nightmare. “Everyone thinks we’re crazy,” said Adrienne Grant, who joined the group with her husband, because they heard cold water swimming promotes good health. The Harpswell swimming group was founded by Karen Nazor, a lifelong athlete who broke her leg in a 2017 skiing accident and was told she might never walk again. She was also diagnosed (诊断) with osteoporosis, a condition 6 the bones become weak and are easily broken. Despite all the difficulties, she recovered 7 (full) from the accident, switched to open water swimming 8 never looked back. Nazor began swimming competitively, and she formed the Harpswell group on a social media platform in October, 2024, to help normalize cold water swimming in Maine. More than 60 members have joined. 9 (devote) herself to the development of cold-water swimming and caring deeply for her members, Nazor gains wide 10 (popular) among the group. 六、高级句式表达 1．After a whole day of playing skateboard, I was w (疲惫不堪). (根据中英文提示完成句子) 2．老师激励着我，我下定决心要提高我的成绩。 With my teacher I made up my mind to improve my grade. 3．In contrast, being absorbed in a good book (增强这些能力). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 4． (动态学习方法) that combines theory with practice not only (激发兴趣) but also deepens our understanding. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 5．为提高公众保护野生动物的意识，我校现举办“让我们一起珍爱野生动物”海报设计比赛。（不定式作目的状语） , our school is launching the “Let’s Cherish Wildlife Together” poster design competition. 6． (为了增进我们对传统文化的了解),our school is organizing a series of cultural activities. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 7．The marathon runners looked (筋疲力尽的；疲惫的) but proud at the finish line. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 8．After a whole day of playing skateboard, I (疲惫不堪). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 9．By the end of her 12-hour shift at the hospital, she was completely (精疲力尽) and could barely keep her eyes open. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 10．想要提高你的听说读写技能，你不能只靠课堂学习，还需要再课后不断学习和运用。（使用enhance; capacity） In order to listening, speaking, reading, and writing, you should not rely on classroom studies alone, but should also continue learning and practising after class. 11． , it is believed that regular exercise also boosts mental well-being . (addition) 除了改善身体健康外，人们认为规律锻炼还能促进心理健康。 12．在我看来，读书和访问网站可以提高学生的写作技能，而听歌和看电影对提高他们的英语口语是有益的。 In my opinion, while listening to songs and watching movies . 13． , many students will suffer from terrible anxiety. 无论何时有重要的考试临近，许多学生都会感到极度焦虑。 14．在教学中，教师可以从创设情境中激发情感。 In teaching, teachers can create situations . 15． , I started to analyse my choices, especially what I did to relax and how it was affecting my whole life. 自从参加了有关个人生活选择的夏令营后，我开始分析自己的选择，尤其是我做了些什么来放松自己，以及它是如何影响我的整个生活的。 16．In addition, will do harm to your health, especially to your eyes. 此外，长时间玩游戏会损害你的健康，尤其是对你的眼睛。 17．After the implementation of the new policy, , and the employment opportunities increased steadily. As a result, . The whole society presented a lively scene. All these clearly showed the effectiveness of the policy. 新政策实施后，经济状况逐渐地改善，就业机会也稳步地增加，人们的生活水平因此明显地提高，整个社会呈现出一派生机勃勃的景象，这一切都清晰地表明了政策的有效性。 18．演出在剧院进行，以帮助增进对古典音乐的认识和欣赏。 The performance is held in the theatre to help of classical music. 19．The writer the world of his novel, crafting vivid scenes. 作家全身心投入他的小说世界中，创作出生动的场景。 20．The museum the essence of the culture its exhibits, sharing traditions with visitors. 博物馆将文化的精髓融入其展品中，与参观者分享传统。 XB3U2词汇变形、短语和精练题答案： 一、词汇拓展 1. abuse n./v.滥用;虐待;辱骂→abuser n.滥用/施虐者→abusive adj.辱骂的;虐待的;滥用的 dynamic adj.充满活力的,精力充沛的;动态的 2. dominate v.支配;控制;占有优势→domination n.控制;支配 surgeon n.外科医生 surgery n.外科;外科手术 3. psychology n.心理学;心理→psychological adj.心理的;精神上的→psychologist n.心理学家 4. examine vt.(仔细)检查;审查;测验→examination n.考试;检查;查问 enhance vt.提高,促进,增强=boost=strengthen dizzy adj.晕眩的 5. compose v.组成;作曲;撰写;使镇静→composer n.作曲家;作家→composition n.创作,写作,作文 be composed of…由…构成=be comprised of… 6. surgeon n.外科医生→surgery n.外科手术;外科学 pessimistic adj.悲观的;消极的(=negative) 反:optimistic adj.乐观的;积极的(=positive) 7. disturb vt.打扰;搅乱;使烦恼→disturbing adj.令人不安/烦恼的→disturbed adj.烦恼的,不安的 interrupt v.打断;打扰vt.使暂停→interruption n.打扰;插嘴 8. specialist n.专科医生;专家→specialize v.专门从事;详细说明;特化→special adj.特别的n.特价商;特色菜 drug n.药物;毒品 9. consultant n.顾问;高级顾问医师→consult v.查阅;商量;向…请教 discipline vt.训练;管教n.纪律,自律,学科→disciplined adj.受过训练的,遵守纪律的 10. stimulate vt.刺激,激发;鼓励→stimulation n.刺激;激发→stimulating adj.使人兴奋的,刺激的 motivate/encourage/inspire/stimulate sb. to do sth. 11. refresh vt.使恢复精力;使凉爽;刷新→refreshing adj.使清爽的;使人重新振作的→refreshed adj.感到振奋的,神清气爽的→refreshment n. 12. absorb vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收→absorption n.吸收;全神贯注,专心致志 沉迷于be absorbed/buried/lost in… 13. facility n.设备/施(可数) facilitate v.促进(=promote=further),使便利 equip vt.装备→equipment n.设备(不可数) be equipped with…配备有… 14. month n.月→monthly adj.每月的,每月一次的 day n.一天→daily adj.每日的;日常的 respond v回答(to);反应→response n.回答;反应 15. release vt./n.释放;发行 relieve(=alleviate) vt.解除;减轻→relieved adj.放心的,宽慰的,如释重负 16. recognize v.辨别,承认,认可→recognition n.(去ze加tion) 17. comedy n.喜剧 tragedy n.悲剧 cancel=call off 取消 delay=postpone 延迟 recall=remember=memorize vt.记住,回忆 18. v./n.跳;不参加;悄悄溜走;略过:skip-skipped-skipped skip school/class 逃学/翘课 delete vt.删除→deletion n.删除 19. reward→rewarding repeat v.重复→repeated adj.反复的,再三的→repetition n.重复→repeatedly review/revise: 20. combine vt.＆vi.(使)结合;混合→combination n.结合;结合物 be combined with…和…结合在一起 21. violent adj.暴力的,猛烈的→violence n.激烈;暴力 家庭暴力domestic violence 22. cautious adj.小心的,谨慎的→caution n.小心,谨慎;警告(=warning),警示vt.警告(=warn) 23. concern vt.涉及;使担忧→concerned adj.担心的;相关的→concerning prep.关于 和…有关be concerned with… 担忧/关心…be concerned about/for… 24. deliver vt.＆vi.递送;传达 vt.发表(a speech);接生(a baby)→delivery n.发表;递送 25. admit v.承认;准许进入;接纳;容纳(=accommodate=contain)→admission n.承认,入场费 被…录取:be admitted to… 一定要双写t! 26. appreciate vt.欣赏(=admire),感激(be grateful to),重视(=value),理解(=understand),增值→appreciation n.欣赏,感激 27. athlete n.运动员;运动健儿→athletic adj.健壮的;运动的→athletics n.田径运动 28. relate v.联系;讲述→related adj.有关/有联系的→relation n.关系→ relative n.亲戚adj.相对的→relativity n.相对性 relate to…和…感同身受/有联系 29. advanced adj.高级的;高等的;先进的→advance n.前进;发展v.前进;发展;促进 charity n.慈善(组织)→charitable adj.行善的;慷慨施舍的 30. ignore vt.忽视;对…不予理会(=neglect n.&vt.)→ignorance n.无知;愚昧→ignorant adj.愚昧的,无知的 二、汉译英 【答案】 1．surgery 2．liberation 3．shave 4．shave off 5．beard 6．disturb 7．cigarette 8．specialist 9．consultant 10．drug 11．skip 12．skip 13．dizzy 14．flu 15．tobacco 16．alcohol 17．abuse 18．abuse 19．physical 20．dominate 21．repeatedly 22．psychology 23．cue 24．in response 25．reward 26．rely 27．rely on 28．facilitate 29．examine30．stimulate 31．dentist 32．sugary 33．nut 34．skateboard 35．dynamic 36．stressed out 37．worn out 38．bowling 39．comedy 40．monthly 41．enhance 42．refresh 43．absorb 三、重难短语精练 【答案】 1．take part in a competition 2．train for 3．break through difficulties 4．win a medal 5．overcome difficulties 6．make up one's mind 7．run out of strength 8．team work 9．try one's best 10．make progress11．to 12．for 13．in 14．from 15．and 16．to 17．to 18．on 19．with/ and 20．than 21．from 22．away 23．up 24．after 25．on26．up 27．over 28．of 29．at 30．off 31．of 32．out 33．up 34．on 35．to 36．up 37．up 38．at 39．from 40．in 41．out 42．and 43．out 44．of 45．out 46．develop a healthy lifestyle 47．change bad habits 48．respond to 49．rely on 50．straight away 51．decide on 52．make up one’s mind 53．be composed of 54．shave off 55．start with 56．physical and mental health problems 57．make a choice 58．stressed out 59．worn out 60．try new methods 四、单句语法填空 1．【答案】should examine/examine 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：医生要求护士立即检查病人的脉搏。此处为demand后接that引导的宾语从句，从句中谓语动词需用虚拟语气，即“(should)+动词原形”，should可以省略。故填(should) examine。 2．【答案】has dominated 【详解】考查时态。句意：从电影行业早期开始，好莱坞就一直主导着世界电影市场。本句中From the earliest days of the industry表示从过去某个时间点一直到现在，用现在完成时，强调动作从过去开始持续到现在，对现在有影响，“Hollywood”作主语，是第三人称单数，所以用has dominated，在句中作谓语。故填has dominated。 3．【答案】sugary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些孩子身体状况更好，喝的含糖软饮料也更少。设空处需填形容词修饰名词短语soft drinks；sugar作名词，表示“糖”，其形容词形式sugary表示“含糖的”，符合句意。故填sugary。 4． 【答案】to study 【详解】考查不定式。句意：我下定决心要更努力学习，而不是把宝贵的时间浪费在无用的事情上，比如玩电子游戏和网上聊天。此处意为“下定决心做某事”，表达为make up one’s mind to do sth.，故此处应用不定式作目的状语，故填to study。 5．【答案】to stimulate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这项化学实验可以用来激发学生学习化学的兴趣。句子谓语是“can be used”。空格后的“stimulate the students...”表示这个化学实验可以被用来“达到何种目的”，因此用动词不定式to stimulate作目的状语。故填to stimulate。 6．【答案】liberation 【详解】考查名词。句意：在解放之前，只有痛苦的日子和悲伤的时刻。“before”为介词，后应接名词或动名词。liberate的名词形式为 liberation，意为“解放”，故填liberation。 7．【答案】​to master 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在现代社会，对我们来说掌握一门外语是必要的。“It’s necessary for sb. to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是必要的”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to master。故填to master。 8．【答案】to protect 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对我们来说，保护野生动物免于灭绝是非常重要的。此处为固定句型It’s important for sb. to do sth.，it为形式主语，不定式作真正主语，故填to protect。 9．【答案】refresh 【详解】考查动词。句意：小憩一会儿可以让你的身心恢复活力。空处作谓语，情态动词can后面，需填动词原形。故填refresh。 10．【答案】to participate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：参加志愿者工作是有回报的。句中It是形式主语，空处应使用动词不定式形式，作真正的主语。故填to participate。 11．【答案】Mastering/To master 【详解】考查非谓语动词作主语。句意：掌握一门外语能帮我们更好地了解不同国家的文化。此处需要一个非谓语动词形式作句子的主语，动名词（表示普遍的一般性的行为）或动词不定式（表示一次具体的行为）均可，句首单词首字母大写，故填Mastering/To master。 12．【答案】psychologist 【详解】考查名词。句意：她当了15年的儿童心理学家。根据空前“as a child”以及所给词“psychology(心理学)”可知，此处需要填表示职业的名词，指代从事心理学相关工作的人。psychologist意为“心理学家”，符合语境。故填psychologist。 13．【答案】to get 【详解】考查不定式。句意：我们该起床了，以便赶上头班车。It is time for sb. to do sth.是固定句型，意为“是某人做某事的时候了”。故填to get。 14．【答案】to master 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：在现代社会掌握一门外语是非常必要的。It is+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”是固定句型，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填to master。 15．【答案】were skipped 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：由于他们必须尽快完成项目报告，所以上周五小组成员就省略了那两个简短的讨论环节。根据last Friday可知，句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语activities为复数，与skip构成逻辑上的被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用were。故填were skipped。 16．【答案】response 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了回应公众对环境污染的日益关注，政府推出了一系列新政策。结合空前的“has introduced a series of new policies”可知，此处应用固定短语in response to表示“作为对……的回应”，空处应用名词response，作宾语。故填response。 17．【答案】response 【详解】考查名词。句意：这家公司为了应对市场变化做出了快速调整。根据“in ____ to”以及所给词“respond”可知，此处是固定短语in response to，意为“作为对……的回应/应对”。此空应是response，作宾语。故填response。 18．【答案】dominating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多新技术迅速出现，在短短几年内就主导了全球市场。本句谓语为appeared，此处为非谓语动词，且Many new technologies与dominate“主导”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填dominating。 19． 【答案】were absorbed 【详解】考查时态。句意：最近一项针对大学生的研究发现，四分之一的人在过十字路口时会全神贯注地玩手机。短语be absorbed in表示“全神贯注于……”，此处主句found可知为一般过去时，从句用一般过去时，主语为a quarter of people，谓语用复数。故填were absorbed。 20．【答案】To preserve/Preserving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：保护传统节日对于向后代传递文化价值观至关重要。句中is为谓语动词，此处用非谓语动词，此处可以使用不定式to preserve作主语，表示“去保护传统节日”；同时也可以使用动名词preserving作主语，表示“保护传统节日”这个行为，句首首字母大写。故填To preserve/Preserving。 五、小语段填空 【答案】 1．based 2．the 3．as 4．have met/have been meeting 5．to enjoy 6．where 7．fully 8．and 9．Devoting 10．popularity 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍冷水游泳运动及哈普斯韦尔户外游泳小组的创立与发展，体现该项运动的健身价值。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：许多人都冒着风险尝试这项运动，依据是有证据表明它确实对我们有益。此处为非谓语动词作状语，Many people与base为被动关系，用过去分词based。故填based。 2．考查冠词。句意：例如，在二月一个寒冷的周日，一群身着泳衣的哈普斯韦尔人聚集在哈普斯韦尔半岛的泰德米尔湾，做一件常人难以想象的事。此处特指“常人难以想象的这件事”，此处需用“the + 形容词”表示“一类事物/情况”。故填the。 3．考查介词。句意：这个名为哈普斯韦尔户外游泳者的小组，在温度刚过冰点的水里惬意地游了泳。此处为固定搭配be known as，意为“被称为，以……闻名”，用介词as。故填as。 4．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自去年十一月以来，参与者们定期聚会，享受这项大多数人会认为是清醒时噩梦的娱乐活动。根据时间状语“since last November”可知，此处用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，主语Participants为复数，所以谓语动词为have met / have been meeting。故填have met / have been meeting。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：自去年十一月以来，参与者们定期聚会，享受这项大多数人会认为是清醒时噩梦的娱乐活动。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示目的，说明“定期聚会”的目的是“享受娱乐活动”，所以用动词不定式to enjoy。故填to enjoy。 6．考查定语从句。句意：她还被诊断出患有骨质疏松症，这是一种骨骼变脆弱且易骨折的疾病。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为a condition，表抽象地点，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 7．考查副词。句意：尽管困难重重，她还是从事故中完全康复，转而投身户外游泳，之后便再未回头。此处修饰动词recovered，用full的副词形式fully，意为“完全地”。故填fully。 8．考查连词。句意：尽管困难重重，她还是从事故中完全康复，转而投身户外游泳，之后便再未回头。此处连接switched和looked back两个并列的谓语动词，表顺承关系，用连词and。故填and。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：纳佐尔全身心投入冷水游泳运动的发展，深切关爱小组成员，因此在小组中广受喜爱。此处为非谓语动词作状语，Nazor与devote为主动关系，用现在分词devoting，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Devoting。 10．考查名词。句意：纳佐尔全身心投入冷水游泳运动的发展，深切关爱小组成员，因此在小组中广受喜爱。此处作gains的宾语，且有形容词wide修饰，用popular的名词形式popularity，意为“受欢迎程度”，为不可数名词。故填popularity。 六、高级句式表达 1．【答案】worn out/orn out 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：玩了一整天滑板后，我疲惫不堪。根据中文提示“疲惫不堪”可知，用形容词短语worn out，作表语。故填worn out。 2． 【答案】inspiring/encouraging/motivating/stimulating me 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“激励”应用动词inspire/encourage/motivate/stimulate，且此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，my teacher和inspire/encourage/motivate/stimulate为主动关系，应用现在分词，作宾补。表示“我”用me作inspiring/encouraging/motivating/stimulating的宾语。故填inspiring/encouraging/motivating/stimulating me。 3． 【答案】 enhances these abilities 【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：相比之下，沉浸在一本好书中会增强这些能力。“增强”用动词 enhance，作谓语，主语是动名词短语being absorbed in a good book，视为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式enhances；“这些能力”用these abilities。故填①enhances②these③abilities。 4． 【答案】 A dynamic learning approach stimulates our interest 【详解】考查形容词、名词和动词。句意：理论与实践相结合的动态学习方法不仅激发了我们的兴趣，也加深了我们的理解。第一空作主句的主语，“动态的”可表示为dynamic，形容词作定语，“学习方法”可表示为learning approach，结合从句中的combines和句意，这里是泛指，且连接辅音，应加不定冠词a。第二空中，“激发”可用及物动词stimulate，“兴趣”可用名词interest作宾语，根据deepens our understanding可知，可用our修饰interest，与后文一致，且时态也应与后文一致，用一般现在时。故填A dynamic learning approach；stimulates our interest。 5． 【答案】To enhance awareness of wildlife conservation 【详解】考查不定式。表示“提高”可用动词enhance，此处作目的状语用不定式，首字母大写；表示“保护野生动物的意识”可用awareness of wildlife conservation。故填To enhance awareness of wildlife conservation。 6． 【答案】To enhance our understanding of traditional culture 【详解】考查不定式做目的状语。句意：为了增进我们对传统文化的了解，我们学校正在组织一系列的文化活动。根据句意可知，设空处表目的，需要用到不定式to do作目的状语；“增进我们对传统文化的了解”译为enhance our understanding of traditional culture。故填To enhance our understanding of traditional culture。 7． 【答案】worn out 【详解】考查形容词短语。句意：马拉松选手们看上去疲惫不堪，但到达终点时却很自豪。根据所给中文提示词，应是固定搭配：worn out意为“筋疲力尽的；疲惫的”作表语。故填worn out。 8． 【答案】was worn out 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：在玩了一整天滑板之后，我疲惫不堪。“疲惫不堪”是be worn out，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去式，主语是I，be动词用was，故填was worn out。 9． 【答案】 worn out 【详解】考查形容词短语。句意：在医院上完12个小时的班后，她已经完全筋疲力尽了，几乎睁不开眼睛。根据汉语提示“精疲力尽”以及空格前的was可知，此处应用形容词短语worn out作表语，表示“疲惫不堪的；筋疲力尽的”。故填worn out。 10． 【答案】enhance your capacity in 【详解】考查短语。根据句意，句中“提高某人某方面的技能”用短语enhance one’s capacity in；in order to为了，后接动词原形。故填enhance your capacity in。 11． 【答案】In addition to improving physical health//In addition to enhancing physical health/In addition to boosting physical health/In addition to promoting physical health/In addition to strengthening physical health 【详解】考查介词短语和动词。根据提示的单词addition及句意，表示“除了……之外”可以用介词短语in addition to表达，其后接动名词形式；表示“改善”的动词为improve， enhance，boost，promote，和strengthen，位于介词后应使用动名词形式作宾语，表示“身体健康”为physical health作宾语，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填In addition to improving/enhancing/boosting/promoting/strengthening physical health。 12． 【答案】 reading books and visiting websites can enhance students’ writing skills are beneficial to improving their spoken English 【详解】考查句子结构和时态。描述现实用一般现在时。空1表示“读书和访问网站可以提高学生的写作技能”需转化为英文的主谓结构。主语是动名词短语reading books and visiting websites，谓语用can enhance表示能力，宾语为students’ writing skills。空2表示“听歌和看电影对提高英语口语有益”对应英文的并列结构。主语是listening to songs and watching movies，需注意主谓一致。虽然动名词短语通常视为单数，但当强调两个独立活动时，可用复数动词are。“对提高……有益”译为beneficial to improving，动名词作介词to的宾语，“英语口语”用their spoken English，作动词improving的宾语。故填①reading books and visiting websites can enhance students’ writing skills；②are beneficial to improving their spoken English。 13． 【答案】No matter when important exams approach/Whenever important exams approach 【详解】考查状语从句。根据句意，此处表示“无论何时有重要的考试临近”应为no matter when或whenever引导的让步状语从句，表示“重要的考试”为important exams，作从句的主语，表示“靠近”为approach作从句的谓语动词，根据“主将从现”原则，主句为一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时，从句主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词使用动词原形，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填No matter when/Whenever important exams approach。 14． 【答案】to stimulate feelings 【详解】考查非谓语动词。对比中英文句子可知，空处需填“激发情感”，“激发”表达为stimulate，“情感”表达为feeling，作宾语，常用复数形式；句中已有谓语动词can create，因此stimulate用非谓语动词形式，表目的，应用不定式。故填to stimulate feelings。 15． 【答案】As I took part in the summer camp about personal life choices 【详解】考查短语、时态和时间状语从句。“自从……后”用连词as，引导时间状语从句；“参加”用短语take part in；“夏令营”用短语summer camp，用定冠词the限定；“关于”用介词about；“个人生活选择”翻译为personal life choice，用复数形式。根据句中时态可知，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故答案为As I took part in the summer camp about personal life choices。 16． 【答案】playing games for a long time 【详解】考查动名词短语作主语。“长时间玩游戏”表达为动宾短语play games for a long time，设空处在句中作主语，用动名词形式playing games for a long time。故填playing games for a long time。 17. 【答案】 the economic situation improved gradually people’s living standards were enhanced obviously 【详解】考查名词短语、动词和副词。中英文对照可知，第一空考查“经济状况逐渐地改善”的英文表达，第二空考查“人们的生活水平明显地提高”的英文表达。“经济状况”为名词短语the economic situation，作主语，“改善”为动词 improve，“逐渐地”为副词gradually，修饰动词improve；根据空后并列分句“the employment opportunities increased steadily”可知此句用一般过去时态，“经济状况逐渐地改善”表达为the economic situation improved gradually。“人们的生活水平”为名词短语people’s living standards，作主语，“提高”为动词enhance，主语与动词enhance之间为被动关系，结合上下文可知用一般过去时的被动语态；“明显地”修饰动词“提高”表达为副词obviously，“人们的生活水平明显地提高”翻译为people’s living standards were enhanced obviously。故填the economic situation improved gradually；people’s living standards were enhanced obviously。 18． 【答案】enhance understanding and appreciation 【详解】考查动词短语和名词。根据汉语提示，表示“帮助做某事”用help (to) do sth；表示“增进”用动词enhance，此处使用省略to的不定式结构；表示“对古典音乐的认识和欣赏”用understanding and appreciation of classical music，此处使用名词短语作enhance的宾语。故填enhance understanding and appreciation。 19． 【答案】absorbed himself in 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“全身心投入……中”，是固定短语absorb oneself in，由his可知，主语The writer是男的，因此空格处反身代词用himself，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，因此空格处是absorbed himself in。故填absorbed himself in。 20． 【答案】 absorbed into 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“将……融入……中”，使用固定短语absorb...into...，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，因此空格处分别是absorbed和into。故填absorbed，into。 ( 第 1 页 共 12 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第02讲Unit2 Healthy Lifestyle重点单词+词组+重点句型讲练(选择性必修三) 一、精讲X3 U2 重点单词+词组 一、词汇清单 知识点1 habit n. 习惯 教材原句 Breaking a bad habit, like excessive screen time, requires strong willpower and a clear plan. 改掉一个坏习惯，比如过度的屏幕使用时间，需要强大的意志力和清晰的计划。 [拓展] (1) habitual adj. 习惯性的；惯常的 (2) form/develop/cultivate a habit 养成习惯 (3) be in the habit of doing sth. 有做某事的习惯 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① He’s a __________ (habit) coffee drinker, having at least three cups every morning. ② It's easier to prevent a bad __________ (habit) than to break it once it's formed. ③ She has gotten __________ the habit of taking a short walk after dinner. 答案：① habitual ② habit ③ into 知识点2 addict n. 有瘾的人；入迷的人 vt. 使成瘾；使入迷 教材原句 Social media platforms are designed to capture our attention, and some people can easily become addicts. 社交媒体平台旨在吸引我们的注意力，有些人很容易就上瘾了。 [拓展] (1) addicted adj. 上瘾的；入迷的 (2) addictive adj. 使人上瘾的 (3) addiction n. 瘾；沉迷 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① He admitted that he was __________ (addict) to online gaming and needed help. ② The __________ (addict) nature of some smartphone games is a concern for parents. ③ She overcame her __________ (addict) to sugar through gradual diet changes. 答案：① addicted ② addictive ③ addiction 知识点3 stress n. 压力；紧张 vt. 强调；使焦虑 教材原句 Chronic stress can have serious negative effects on both physical and mental health. 长期的压力会对身心健康产生严重的负面影响。 [拓展] (1) stressful adj. 压力大的；紧张的 (2) under stress 在压力下 (3) stress management 压力管理 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空 ① Finding a healthy outlet is crucial for coping with __________ (stress) situations. ② The doctor __________ (stress) the importance of getting enough sleep for recovery. ③ Many students suffer from exam-related __________ (stress). 答案：① stressful ② stressed ③ stress 知识点4 diet n. 饮食；日常食物 教材原句 A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is fundamental to good health. 富含水果、蔬菜和全谷物的均衡饮食是健康的基础。 [拓展] (1) dietary adj. 饮食的 (2) go on a diet 节食 (3) a healthy/unhealthy diet 健康/不健康的饮食 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① __________ (diet) fiber is important for digestive health. ② After the health scare, he decided to go on a strict __________ (diet). ③ Her __________ (diet) habits have improved significantly since she started cooking at home. 答案：① Dietary ② diet ③ dietary 知识点5 routine n. 常规；日常安排 adj. 常规的；例行的 教材原句 Establishing a daily exercise routine can make it easier to stay consistent and motivated. 建立一个日常锻炼常规可以让坚持和保持动力变得更容易。 [拓展] (1) daily routine 日常生活规律 (2) a matter of routine 常规事项 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① Her morning __________ (routine) includes meditation and a healthy breakfast. ② The safety checks are just __________ (routine) procedures; there's nothing to worry about. ③ Sticking to a sleep __________ (routine) helps regulate your body clock. 答案：① routine ② routine ③ routine 知识点6 willpower n. 意志力 教材原句 It takes tremendous willpower to resist temptation and stick to your long-term health goals. 抵制诱惑并坚持你的长期健康目标需要巨大的意志力。 [拓展] (1) strength of will 意志力 (2) exercise/strengthen one's willpower 锻炼/增强意志力 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① She relied on sheer __________ (willpower) to complete the marathon. ② Developing strong __________ (willpower) is like building a muscle; it requires practice. ③ His __________ (willpower) finally gave out, and he ate the whole cake. 答案：① willpower ② willpower ③ willpower 知识点7 balance n. 平衡；余额 vt. 使平衡；权衡 教材原句 The key to a sustainable healthy lifestyle is finding a balance between work, rest, and play. 可持续健康生活方式的关键是在工作、休息和娱乐之间找到平衡。 [拓展] (1) balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的 (2) keep/lose/maintain balance 保持/失去/维持平衡 (3) work-life balance 工作与生活的平衡 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① A __________ (balance) diet provides all the necessary nutrients. ② It's challenging to __________ (balance) the demands of a career with family life. ③ The gymnast has an incredible sense of __________ (balance). 答案：① balanced ② balance ③ balance 知识点8 prevent vt. 预防；阻止 教材原句 Regular health check-ups can help prevent diseases by detecting problems early. 定期健康检查可以通过早期发现问题来帮助预防疾病。 [拓展] (1) prevention n. 预防 (2) preventable adj. 可预防的 (3) prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① Vaccination is a key method of disease __________ (prevent). ② Most tooth decay is __________ (prevent) with good oral hygiene. ③ A good sunscreen can __________ (prevent) your skin from sun damage. 答案：① prevention ② preventable ③ prevent 知识点9 relax vi./vt. （使）放松；（使）休息 教材原句 It’s important to relax and unwind after a long day to reduce stress levels. 一天漫长的工作后，放松和休息对降低压力水平很重要。 [拓展] (1) relaxation n. 放松；消遣 (2) relaxed adj. 放松的；轻松的 (3) relaxing adj. 令人放松的 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① Reading a book is my favorite form of __________ (relax). ② She felt much more __________ (relax) after a warm bath. ③ We spent a __________ (relax) weekend at the countryside. 答案：① relaxation ② relaxed ③ relaxing 知识点10 essential adj. 必不可少的；本质的 n. [常pl.] 必需品；要点 教材原句 Adequate sleep is essential for memory consolidation and emotional regulation. 充足的睡眠对于记忆巩固和情绪调节是必不可少的。 [拓展] (1) be essential to/for... 对……必不可少 (2) essentially adv. 本质上；基本上 [牛刀小试] 单句语法填空： ① Water is __________ (essential) for survival. __________ (essential), the report says we need to take immediate action. 答案：① essential ② Essentially 三、熟词生义 rest n./vi. 休息（常见义） n. 剩余部分；其余（生义） [牛刀小试] 用 rest 的适当形式填空。 1.I'm feeling tired; I need to sit down and for a while. 答案：rest 解析：句意“我感觉累了；我需要坐下休息一会儿。”此处 rest 作动词，意为“休息”。 2.Fruits and vegetables should make up half your plate, with the being protein and grains. 答案：rest 解析：句意“水果和蔬菜应占你餐盘的一半，剩余部分是蛋白质和谷物。”此处 the rest 是固定短语，意为“剩余部分”。 train n. 火车；vt. 训练（常见义） n. 一连串，系列（尤指事件或想法）（生义） [牛刀小试] 用 train 的适当形式填空。 1.You need to regularly to build up your stamina for the race. 答案：train 解析：句意“你需要定期训练来为比赛增强耐力。”此处 train 作动词，意为“训练”。 2.Staying up late started a of unhealthy habits, like skipping breakfast and relying on caffeine. 答案：train 解析：句意“熬夜引发了一连串不健康的习惯，比如不吃早餐和依赖咖啡因。”此处 a train of 是固定搭配，意为“一连串，一系列”。 screen n. 屏幕；vt. 掩蔽（常见义） vt. 筛查；检查（生义） [牛刀小试] 用 screen 的适当形式填空。 1.He spends too much time staring at a , whether it's his phone or computer. 答案：screen 解析：句意“他花太多时间盯着屏幕了，不管是手机还是电脑。”此处 screen 作名词，意为“屏幕”。 2.All newborns are for certain genetic disorders in the hospital. 答案：screened 解析：句意“所有新生儿在医院都会接受某些遗传疾病的筛查。”此处 screen 作动词，意为“筛查” 二、精讲X3 U2 重点句型： 动名词作主语 It is + adj. + to do sth.句型 not only... but also... 连接并列成分 so that引导目的状语从句 so + adj. + that... 引导结果状语从句 make it + adj. + to do sth.结构 the reason why... is that... 强调原因 By doing... 作方式状语 even if/though引导让步状语从句 1.__________ for at least seven hours each night is crucial for cognitive function and emotional well-being. 答案：Getting enough sleep 解析：句意“每晚获得至少七小时的充足睡眠，对于认知功能和情绪健康至关重要。”动名词短语“Getting enough sleep”在句中作主语。 2. __________ maintain a balanced diet with so many fast food options available. (challenging) 答案：It is challenging to 解析：句意“在有这么多快餐选择的情况下，保持均衡饮食是具有挑战性的。”不定式短语“to maintain...”是真正主语，“It”作形式主语。 3. Regular exercise __________ helps you maintain a healthy weight, __________ improves your cardiovascular health. 答案：not only, but also 解析：句意“定期锻炼不仅帮助你保持健康体重，还能改善你的心血管健康。”连接两个并列的动词短语，强调锻炼的双重益处。 4. You should schedule your workouts in advance __________ you treat them as important appointments. 答案：so that 解析：句意“你应该提前安排好你的锻炼计划，以便你把它们当作重要的约会来对待。”“so that”引导目的状语从句，说明“提前安排”的目的。 5. The sugary drink was __________ he felt a surge of energy followed by a sharp crash. (sweet) 答案：so sweet that 解析：句意“这种含糖饮料甜度如此之高，以至于他感到一阵能量激增，随后是急剧的精力衰退。”“so + adj. + that...”引导结果状语从句。 6. Busy work schedules often __________ for people to prepare home-cooked meals every day. (difficult) 答案：make it difficult 解析：句意“繁忙的工作日程常常使人们难以每天准备家常饭菜。”“it”作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语“to prepare...”。 7.__________ many diets fail in the long run __________ they are too restrictive and unsustainable. 答案：The reason why, is that 解析：句意“许多节食方法长期失败的原因在于它们限制太多且不可持续。”该句型用于强调并解释原因。 8. __________, you can turn healthy behaviors into automatic parts of your daily life. (start with small changes) 答案：By starting with small changes 解析：句意“通过从小改变开始，你可以将健康行为转变为日常生活的自动组成部分。”“By + 动名词短语”在句中作方式状语，说明方法。 9. __________ your progress in a journal can be a powerful motivator and help you stay on track. (record) 答案：Recording 解析：句意“在日记中记录你的进展可以成为一个强大的动力，并帮助你保持正轨。”动名词短语“Recording your progress”作句子主语。 10. __________ you don't have a full hour to spare, you can still benefit from a 20-minute brisk walk. (even though) 答案：Even though 解析：句意“即使你抽不出完整的一小时，你仍然可以从20分钟的快步走中受益。”“even though”引导让步状语从句，承认时间有限的现实，但不影响主要观点。 XB3U2词汇变形、短语和精练题： 词汇拓展 1.______n./v.滥用;虐待;辱骂→_______ n.滥用/施虐者→_______adj.辱骂的;虐待的;滥用的 ________adj.充满活力的,精力充沛的;动态的 2. _______v.支配;控制;占有优势→___________n.控制;支配 ________n.外科医生 _______n.外科;外科手术 3. ________n.心理学;心理→______________adj.心理的;精神上的→______________n.心理学家 4. _______ vt.(仔细)检查;审查;测验→________ n.考试;检查;查问 _______vt.提高,促进,增强=_______=________ ______adj.晕眩的 5. _______ v.组成;作曲;撰写;使镇静→________ n.作曲家;作家→__________n.创作,写作,作文 _____________由…构成=______________ 6. _______ n.外科医生→______ n.外科手术;外科学 _________adj.悲观的;消极的(=________) 反:optimistic adj.乐观的;积极的(=positive) 7. ______vt.打扰;搅乱;使烦恼→________adj.令人不安/烦恼的→_______ adj.烦恼的,不安的 _______ v.打断;打扰vt.使暂停→_________n.打扰;插嘴 8. ________n.专科医生;专家→________v.专门从事;详细说明;特化→________adj.特别的n.特价商;特色菜 drug n.药物;毒品 9. ________n.顾问;高级顾问医师→_______v.查阅;商量;向…请教 ________vt.训练;管教n.纪律,自律,学科→________adj.受过训练的,遵守纪律的 10. ________vt.刺激,激发;鼓励→_________n.刺激;激发→__________adj.使人兴奋的,刺激的 11. ________vt.使恢复精力;使凉爽;刷新→________adj.使清爽的;使人重新振作的→_________adj.感到振奋的,神清气爽的→___________ n. 12. ________vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收→_________n.吸收;全神贯注,专心致志 沉迷于be ________/________/____ in… 13. ______n.设备,设施(可数) ______v.促进(=______=_____),使便利 ______ vt.装备→________ n.设备(不可数) ____________配备有… 14. ______n.月→_______ adj.每月的,每月一次的 _____n.一天→_______adj.每日的;日常的 _______v回答(to);反应→_______n.回答;反应 15. ________vt./n.释放;发行 _______(=________) vt.解除;减轻→________adj.放心的,宽慰的,如释重负 16. ________ v.辨别,承认,认可→__________ n.(去ze加tion) ______ v.重复→________adj.反复的,再三的→________n.重复 17. _______ n.喜剧 _______ n.悲剧 ______=________取消 ______=________延迟 ______=________=________vt.记住,回忆 18. v./n.跳;不参加;悄悄溜走;略过:skip-________-_______ skip school/class _____/____ _______ vt.删除→________n.删除 19. reward→rewarding ______ v.重复→________adj.反复的,再三的→________n.重复→repeatedly review/revise: 19. _________vt.＆vi.(使)结合;混合→___________ n.结合;结合物 ________________和…结合在一起 20. ________adj.暴力的,猛烈的→________ n.激烈;暴力 家庭暴力__________________ 21. ________adj.小心的,谨慎的→________n.小心,谨慎;_____(=________),警示vt.警告(=______) 22. ______ vt.涉及;使担忧→________adj.担心的;相关的→__________ prep.关于 和…有关______________ 担忧/关心…___________________ 23. _______vt.＆vi.递送;传达 vt.发表(a ______);接生(a _____)→________n.发表;递送 24. _______v.承认;准许进入;接纳;容纳(=___________=________)→_________n.承认,入场费 被…录取:be admitted to… 一定要双写t! 25. _________vt.欣赏(=_______),感激(____________),重视(=_____),理解(=_________),增值→______________n.欣赏,感激 26. ________n.运动员;运动健儿→________adj.健壮的;运动的→________ n.田径运动 27. ______v.联系;讲述→_______adj.有关/有联系的→______n.关系→_______n.亲戚adj.相对的→________n.相对性 ________和…感同身受/有联系 28. ________adj.高级的;高等的;先进的→_________n.前进;发展v.前进;发展;促进 ________n.慈善(组织)→___________adj.行善的;慷慨施舍的 29. ________vt.忽视;对…不予理会(=________ n.&vt.)→__________n.无知;愚昧→_________adj.愚昧的,无知的 二、汉译英 1． [ˈsɜːdʒəri] n. 外科手术；外科学 2． [ˌlɪbəˈreɪʃn] n. 解放；摆脱 3． [ʃeɪv] vi., vt. &n. 剃(须发)；刮脸 4． 剃掉；刮去 5． [bɪəd] n. 胡须；络腮胡子 6． [dɪˈstɜːb] vt. 打扰；搅乱；使烦恼 7． [ˌsɪɡəˈret] n. 香烟；卷烟 8． [ˈspeʃəlɪst] n. 专科医生；专家 9． [kənˈsʌltənt] n. 顾问；高级顾问医师 10． [drʌɡ] n. 毒品；药物 11． [skɪp] vt. 跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走 12． [skɪp]vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳 n. 蹦跳 13． [ˈdɪzi] adj. 头晕目眩的 14． [flu:] n. 流感 15． [təˈbækəʊ] n. 烟草；烟叶 16． [ˈælkəhɒl] n. 酒；酒精 17． [əˈbjuːs] n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 18． [əˈbjuːz] vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 19． [ˈfɪzɪkl] adj. 身体的；客观存在的；物理学的 20． [ˈdɒmɪneɪt] vt & vi. 支配；控制；占有优势 21． [rɪˈpiːtɪdli] adv. 重复地 22． [saɪˈkɒlədʒi] n. 心理学；心理；心理影响 23． [kju:] n. 提示；暗示；信号 vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示) 24． 回答；答复 25． [rɪˈwɔːd] n. 奖励；报酬 vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬 26． [rɪˈlaɪ] vi. 依赖；依靠；信赖 27． 依赖；依靠；信赖 28． [fəˈsɪlɪteɪt] vt. 促进；促使；使便利 29． [ɪɡˈzæmɪn] vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验 30． [ˈstɪmjuleɪt] vt. 激发；促进；刺激 31． ['dentɪst ] n. 牙科医生 32． [ˈʃʊɡəri] adj. 含糖的；甜的 33． [nʌt] n. 坚果 34． [ˈskeɪtbɔːd] n. 滑板 vi. 滑滑板 35． [daɪˈnæmɪk] adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的 36． 焦虑不安；疲惫不堪 37． 筋疲力尽的；心力交瘁 38． [ˈbəʊlɪŋ] n. 保龄球运动 39． [ˈkɒmədi] n. 喜剧；喜剧片；滑稽节目 40． [ˈmʌnθli] adv & adj. 每月；每月一次的 n. 月刊 41． [ɪnˈhɑːns; NAmE -ˈhæns] vt. 提高；增强；増进 42． [rɪˈfreʃ] vt. 使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新 43． [əbˈsːb] vt. 吸引全部注意力；吸收 三、重难短语精练 1．参加比赛 2．为……而训练 3．突破难关 4．赢得奖牌 5．克服困难 6．下定决心 7．体力不支 8．团队合作 9．全力以赴 10．取得进步 11．lead 导致 12． example 例如 13．become involved 参与；卷入；与……有关联 14．prevent… …阻止；不准 15．over over again再三地；反复地 16．according 按照；根据……所说 17．in response 回答；答复 18．rely 依赖；依靠；信赖 19．combine… … 把……与……结合起来 20．rather 而不是 21．aside 除了……外 22．straight 立即；马上 23．give 放弃；投降 24． all 毕竟；别忘了 25．decide 决定；选定 26．make one’s mind 下定决心 27． time 随着时间的推移 28．be composed 由……组成（或构成）的 29． once 立刻；马上 30．shave 剃掉；刮去 31．in control 控制，掌握；管理 32．cut 停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下 33．take 占用；占据；开始从事；接受；拿起 34． a diet 节食 35．stick 坚持 36．pick 拾起；收拾；整理； (偶然)学会；用车接某人；收听到； (身体)好转 37．stay 熬夜 38． the end of在……尽头；在……末端 39．suffer 受……折磨；受……之苦；患某种疾病 40．take part 参与 (某事)；参加 (某活动) 41．stress 焦虑不安；心力交瘁 42．day night 日日夜夜；夜以继日 43．worn 筋疲力尽的；疲惫的 44．take control 控制；接管 45．try 参加……选拔 (或试演)；试用，试验 46． 养成健康的生活方式 47． 改变不良习惯 48． 回答；答复 49． 依赖；依靠；信赖 50． 立即；马上 51． 决定；选定 52． 下定决心 53． 由……组成(或构成)的 54． 剃掉；刮去 55． 以……开始 56． 身心健康问题 57． 作出选择 58． 焦虑不安；心力交瘁 59． 筋疲力尽的；疲惫的 60． 尝试新的方法 四、单句语法填空 1．The doctor demanded that the nurse (examine) the pulse of the patient immediately. 2．From the earliest days of the industry, Hollywood (dominate) the world film market. 3．These children were physically in better shape and drank fewer (sugar) soft drinks. 4．I made up my mind (study) harder rather than waste precious time on useless things, such as playing video games and chatting online. 5．The chemical experiment can be used (stimulate) the students to learn chemistry. 6．Before (liberate), there were only bitter days and sorrow. 7．It’s necessary for us (master) a foreign language in the modern society. 8．It’s important for us (protect) wild animals from extinction. 9．A short nap can (refresh) your mind and body. 10．It is rewarding (participate) in the volunteer work. 11． (master) a foreign language is helpful to us. 12．She spent 15 years as a child .(psychology) 13．It is time for us (get) up in order to catch the first bus. 14．It is very necessary (master) a foreign language in modern society. 15．Since they had to finish the project report quickly, the two small discussion activities (skip) by the group members last Friday. 16．The government has introduced a series of new policies in (respond) to the public’s growing concern over environmental pollution. 17．The company made a quick adjustment in (respond) to the market changes. 18．Many new technologies appeared rapidly, (dominate) the global market in just a few years. 19．One recent study of college students found that a quarter of people crossing intersections (absorb) in a device. 20． (preserve) traditional festivals is essential for passing down cultural values to future generations. 五、小语段填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cold water swimming sometimes called wild swimming, which builds endurance, muscle strength and cardiovascular fitness, involves swimming in natural areas including ponds, rivers and the sea. Many people are taking risks to have a try, 1 (base) on evidence that it can really be good for us. For example, on a cold Sunday in February, a group of Harpswellians wearing swimsuits gathered at Tide Mill Cove on Harpswell Neck to do 2 unthinkable. The group, known 3 Harpswell Open Water Swimmers, had a relaxing swim in water just barely above freezing. Participants 4 (meet) regularly since last November 5 (enjoy)a recreation most people would consider a waking nightmare. “Everyone thinks we’re crazy,” said Adrienne Grant, who joined the group with her husband, because they heard cold water swimming promotes good health. The Harpswell swimming group was founded by Karen Nazor, a lifelong athlete who broke her leg in a 2017 skiing accident and was told she might never walk again. She was also diagnosed (诊断) with osteoporosis, a condition 6 the bones become weak and are easily broken. Despite all the difficulties, she recovered 7 (full) from the accident, switched to open water swimming 8 never looked back. Nazor began swimming competitively, and she formed the Harpswell group on a social media platform in October, 2024, to help normalize cold water swimming in Maine. More than 60 members have joined. 9 (devote) herself to the development of cold-water swimming and caring deeply for her members, Nazor gains wide 10 (popular) among the group. 六、高级句式表达 1．After a whole day of playing skateboard, I was w (疲惫不堪). (根据中英文提示完成句子) 2．老师激励着我，我下定决心要提高我的成绩。 With my teacher I made up my mind to improve my grade. 3．In contrast, being absorbed in a good book (增强这些能力). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 4． (动态学习方法) that combines theory with practice not only (激发兴趣) but also deepens our understanding. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 5．为提高公众保护野生动物的意识，我校现举办“让我们一起珍爱野生动物”海报设计比赛。（不定式作目的状语） , our school is launching the “Let’s Cherish Wildlife Together” poster design competition. 6． (为了增进我们对传统文化的了解),our school is organizing a series of cultural activities. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 7．The marathon runners looked (筋疲力尽的；疲惫的) but proud at the finish line. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 8．After a whole day of playing skateboard, I (疲惫不堪). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 9．By the end of her 12-hour shift at the hospital, she was completely (精疲力尽) and could barely keep her eyes open. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 10．想要提高你的听说读写技能，你不能只靠课堂学习，还需要再课后不断学习和运用。（使用enhance; capacity） In order to listening, speaking, reading, and writing, you should not rely on classroom studies alone, but should also continue learning and practising after class. 11． , it is believed that regular exercise also boosts mental well-being . (addition) 除了改善身体健康外，人们认为规律锻炼还能促进心理健康。 12．在我看来，读书和访问网站可以提高学生的写作技能，而听歌和看电影对提高他们的英语口语是有益的。 In my opinion, while listening to songs and watching movies . 13． , many students will suffer from terrible anxiety. 无论何时有重要的考试临近，许多学生都会感到极度焦虑。 14．在教学中，教师可以从创设情境中激发情感。 In teaching, teachers can create situations . 15． , I started to analyse my choices, especially what I did to relax and how it was affecting my whole life. 自从参加了有关个人生活选择的夏令营后，我开始分析自己的选择，尤其是我做了些什么来放松自己，以及它是如何影响我的整个生活的。 16．In addition, will do harm to your health, especially to your eyes. 此外，长时间玩游戏会损害你的健康，尤其是对你的眼睛。 17．After the implementation of the new policy, , and the employment opportunities increased steadily. As a result, . The whole society presented a lively scene. All these clearly showed the effectiveness of the policy. 新政策实施后，经济状况逐渐地改善，就业机会也稳步地增加，人们的生活水平因此明显地提高，整个社会呈现出一派生机勃勃的景象，这一切都清晰地表明了政策的有效性。 18．演出在剧院进行，以帮助增进对古典音乐的认识和欣赏。 The performance is held in the theatre to help of classical music. 19．The writer the world of his novel, crafting vivid scenes. 作家全身心投入他的小说世界中，创作出生动的场景。 20．The museum the essence of the culture its exhibits, sharing traditions with visitors. 博物馆将文化的精髓融入其展品中，与参观者分享传统。 XB3U2词汇变形、短语和精练题答案： 一、词汇拓展 1. abuse n./v.滥用;虐待;辱骂→abuser n.滥用/施虐者→abusive adj.辱骂的;虐待的;滥用的 dynamic adj.充满活力的,精力充沛的;动态的 2. dominate v.支配;控制;占有优势→domination n.控制;支配 surgeon n.外科医生 surgery n.外科;外科手术 3. psychology n.心理学;心理→psychological adj.心理的;精神上的→psychologist n.心理学家 4. examine vt.(仔细)检查;审查;测验→examination n.考试;检查;查问 enhance vt.提高,促进,增强=boost=strengthen dizzy adj.晕眩的 5. compose v.组成;作曲;撰写;使镇静→composer n.作曲家;作家→composition n.创作,写作,作文 be composed of…由…构成=be comprised of… 6. surgeon n.外科医生→surgery n.外科手术;外科学 pessimistic adj.悲观的;消极的(=negative) 反:optimistic adj.乐观的;积极的(=positive) 7. disturb vt.打扰;搅乱;使烦恼→disturbing adj.令人不安/烦恼的→disturbed adj.烦恼的,不安的 interrupt v.打断;打扰vt.使暂停→interruption n.打扰;插嘴 8. specialist n.专科医生;专家→specialize v.专门从事;详细说明;特化→special adj.特别的n.特价商;特色菜 drug n.药物;毒品 9. consultant n.顾问;高级顾问医师→consult v.查阅;商量;向…请教 discipline vt.训练;管教n.纪律,自律,学科→disciplined adj.受过训练的,遵守纪律的 10. stimulate vt.刺激,激发;鼓励→stimulation n.刺激;激发→stimulating adj.使人兴奋的,刺激的 motivate/encourage/inspire/stimulate sb. to do sth. 11. refresh vt.使恢复精力;使凉爽;刷新→refreshing adj.使清爽的;使人重新振作的→refreshed adj.感到振奋的,神清气爽的→refreshment n. 12. absorb vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收→absorption n.吸收;全神贯注,专心致志 沉迷于be absorbed/buried/lost in… 13. facility n.设备/施(可数) facilitate v.促进(=promote=further),使便利 equip vt.装备→equipment n.设备(不可数) be equipped with…配备有… 14. month n.月→monthly adj.每月的,每月一次的 day n.一天→daily adj.每日的;日常的 respond v回答(to);反应→response n.回答;反应 15. release vt./n.释放;发行 relieve(=alleviate) vt.解除;减轻→relieved adj.放心的,宽慰的,如释重负 16. recognize v.辨别,承认,认可→recognition n.(去ze加tion) 17. comedy n.喜剧 tragedy n.悲剧 cancel=call off 取消 delay=postpone 延迟 recall=remember=memorize vt.记住,回忆 18. v./n.跳;不参加;悄悄溜走;略过:skip-skipped-skipped skip school/class 逃学/翘课 delete vt.删除→deletion n.删除 19. reward→rewarding repeat v.重复→repeated adj.反复的,再三的→repetition n.重复→repeatedly review/revise: 20. combine vt.＆vi.(使)结合;混合→combination n.结合;结合物 be combined with…和…结合在一起 21. violent adj.暴力的,猛烈的→violence n.激烈;暴力 家庭暴力domestic violence 22. cautious adj.小心的,谨慎的→caution n.小心,谨慎;警告(=warning),警示vt.警告(=warn) 23. concern vt.涉及;使担忧→concerned adj.担心的;相关的→concerning prep.关于 和…有关be concerned with… 担忧/关心…be concerned about/for… 24. deliver vt.＆vi.递送;传达 vt.发表(a speech);接生(a baby)→delivery n.发表;递送 25. admit v.承认;准许进入;接纳;容纳(=accommodate=contain)→admission n.承认,入场费 被…录取:be admitted to… 一定要双写t! 26. appreciate vt.欣赏(=admire),感激(be grateful to),重视(=value),理解(=understand),增值→appreciation n.欣赏,感激 27. athlete n.运动员;运动健儿→athletic adj.健壮的;运动的→athletics n.田径运动 28. relate v.联系;讲述→related adj.有关/有联系的→relation n.关系→ relative n.亲戚adj.相对的→relativity n.相对性 relate to…和…感同身受/有联系 29. advanced adj.高级的;高等的;先进的→advance n.前进;发展v.前进;发展;促进 charity n.慈善(组织)→charitable adj.行善的;慷慨施舍的 30. ignore vt.忽视;对…不予理会(=neglect n.&vt.)→ignorance n.无知;愚昧→ignorant adj.愚昧的,无知的 二、汉译英 【答案】 1．surgery 2．liberation 3．shave 4．shave off 5．beard 6．disturb 7．cigarette 8．specialist 9．consultant 10．drug 11．skip 12．skip 13．dizzy 14．flu 15．tobacco 16．alcohol 17．abuse 18．abuse 19．physical 20．dominate 21．repeatedly 22．psychology 23．cue 24．in response 25．reward 26．rely 27．rely on 28．facilitate 29．examine30．stimulate 31．dentist 32．sugary 33．nut 34．skateboard 35．dynamic 36．stressed out 37．worn out 38．bowling 39．comedy 40．monthly 41．enhance 42．refresh 43．absorb 三、重难短语精练 【答案】 1．take part in a competition 2．train for 3．break through difficulties 4．win a medal 5．overcome difficulties 6．make up one's mind 7．run out of strength 8．team work 9．try one's best 10．make progress11．to 12．for 13．in 14．from 15．and 16．to 17．to 18．on 19．with/ and 20．than 21．from 22．away 23．up 24．after 25．on26．up 27．over 28．of 29．at 30．off 31．of 32．out 33．up 34．on 35．to 36．up 37．up 38．at 39．from 40．in 41．out 42．and 43．out 44．of 45．out 46．develop a healthy lifestyle 47．change bad habits 48．respond to 49．rely on 50．straight away 51．decide on 52．make up one’s mind 53．be composed of 54．shave off 55．start with 56．physical and mental health problems 57．make a choice 58．stressed out 59．worn out 60．try new methods 四、单句语法填空 1．【答案】should examine/examine 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：医生要求护士立即检查病人的脉搏。此处为demand后接that引导的宾语从句，从句中谓语动词需用虚拟语气，即“(should)+动词原形”，should可以省略。故填(should) examine。 2．【答案】has dominated 【详解】考查时态。句意：从电影行业早期开始，好莱坞就一直主导着世界电影市场。本句中From the earliest days of the industry表示从过去某个时间点一直到现在，用现在完成时，强调动作从过去开始持续到现在，对现在有影响，“Hollywood”作主语，是第三人称单数，所以用has dominated，在句中作谓语。故填has dominated。 3．【答案】sugary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些孩子身体状况更好，喝的含糖软饮料也更少。设空处需填形容词修饰名词短语soft drinks；sugar作名词，表示“糖”，其形容词形式sugary表示“含糖的”，符合句意。故填sugary。 4． 【答案】to study 【详解】考查不定式。句意：我下定决心要更努力学习，而不是把宝贵的时间浪费在无用的事情上，比如玩电子游戏和网上聊天。此处意为“下定决心做某事”，表达为make up one’s mind to do sth.，故此处应用不定式作目的状语，故填to study。 5．【答案】to stimulate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这项化学实验可以用来激发学生学习化学的兴趣。句子谓语是“can be used”。空格后的“stimulate the students...”表示这个化学实验可以被用来“达到何种目的”，因此用动词不定式to stimulate作目的状语。故填to stimulate。 6．【答案】liberation 【详解】考查名词。句意：在解放之前，只有痛苦的日子和悲伤的时刻。“before”为介词，后应接名词或动名词。liberate的名词形式为 liberation，意为“解放”，故填liberation。 7．【答案】​to master 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在现代社会，对我们来说掌握一门外语是必要的。“It’s necessary for sb. to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是必要的”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to master。故填to master。 8．【答案】to protect 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对我们来说，保护野生动物免于灭绝是非常重要的。此处为固定句型It’s important for sb. to do sth.，it为形式主语，不定式作真正主语，故填to protect。 9．【答案】refresh 【详解】考查动词。句意：小憩一会儿可以让你的身心恢复活力。空处作谓语，情态动词can后面，需填动词原形。故填refresh。 10．【答案】to participate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：参加志愿者工作是有回报的。句中It是形式主语，空处应使用动词不定式形式，作真正的主语。故填to participate。 11．【答案】Mastering/To master 【详解】考查非谓语动词作主语。句意：掌握一门外语能帮我们更好地了解不同国家的文化。此处需要一个非谓语动词形式作句子的主语，动名词（表示普遍的一般性的行为）或动词不定式（表示一次具体的行为）均可，句首单词首字母大写，故填Mastering/To master。 12．【答案】psychologist 【详解】考查名词。句意：她当了15年的儿童心理学家。根据空前“as a child”以及所给词“psychology(心理学)”可知，此处需要填表示职业的名词，指代从事心理学相关工作的人。psychologist意为“心理学家”，符合语境。故填psychologist。 13．【答案】to get 【详解】考查不定式。句意：我们该起床了，以便赶上头班车。It is time for sb. to do sth.是固定句型，意为“是某人做某事的时候了”。故填to get。 14．【答案】to master 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：在现代社会掌握一门外语是非常必要的。It is+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”是固定句型，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填to master。 15．【答案】were skipped 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：由于他们必须尽快完成项目报告，所以上周五小组成员就省略了那两个简短的讨论环节。根据last Friday可知，句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语activities为复数，与skip构成逻辑上的被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用were。故填were skipped。 16．【答案】response 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了回应公众对环境污染的日益关注，政府推出了一系列新政策。结合空前的“has introduced a series of new policies”可知，此处应用固定短语in response to表示“作为对……的回应”，空处应用名词response，作宾语。故填response。 17．【答案】response 【详解】考查名词。句意：这家公司为了应对市场变化做出了快速调整。根据“in ____ to”以及所给词“respond”可知，此处是固定短语in response to，意为“作为对……的回应/应对”。此空应是response，作宾语。故填response。 18．【答案】dominating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多新技术迅速出现，在短短几年内就主导了全球市场。本句谓语为appeared，此处为非谓语动词，且Many new technologies与dominate“主导”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填dominating。 19． 【答案】were absorbed 【详解】考查时态。句意：最近一项针对大学生的研究发现，四分之一的人在过十字路口时会全神贯注地玩手机。短语be absorbed in表示“全神贯注于……”，此处主句found可知为一般过去时，从句用一般过去时，主语为a quarter of people，谓语用复数。故填were absorbed。 20．【答案】To preserve/Preserving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：保护传统节日对于向后代传递文化价值观至关重要。句中is为谓语动词，此处用非谓语动词，此处可以使用不定式to preserve作主语，表示“去保护传统节日”；同时也可以使用动名词preserving作主语，表示“保护传统节日”这个行为，句首首字母大写。故填To preserve/Preserving。 五、小语段填空 【答案】 1．based 2．the 3．as 4．have met/have been meeting 5．to enjoy 6．where 7．fully 8．and 9．Devoting 10．popularity 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍冷水游泳运动及哈普斯韦尔户外游泳小组的创立与发展，体现该项运动的健身价值。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：许多人都冒着风险尝试这项运动，依据是有证据表明它确实对我们有益。此处为非谓语动词作状语，Many people与base为被动关系，用过去分词based。故填based。 2．考查冠词。句意：例如，在二月一个寒冷的周日，一群身着泳衣的哈普斯韦尔人聚集在哈普斯韦尔半岛的泰德米尔湾，做一件常人难以想象的事。此处特指“常人难以想象的这件事”，此处需用“the + 形容词”表示“一类事物/情况”。故填the。 3．考查介词。句意：这个名为哈普斯韦尔户外游泳者的小组，在温度刚过冰点的水里惬意地游了泳。此处为固定搭配be known as，意为“被称为，以……闻名”，用介词as。故填as。 4．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自去年十一月以来，参与者们定期聚会，享受这项大多数人会认为是清醒时噩梦的娱乐活动。根据时间状语“since last November”可知，此处用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，主语Participants为复数，所以谓语动词为have met / have been meeting。故填have met / have been meeting。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：自去年十一月以来，参与者们定期聚会，享受这项大多数人会认为是清醒时噩梦的娱乐活动。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示目的，说明“定期聚会”的目的是“享受娱乐活动”，所以用动词不定式to enjoy。故填to enjoy。 6．考查定语从句。句意：她还被诊断出患有骨质疏松症，这是一种骨骼变脆弱且易骨折的疾病。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为a condition，表抽象地点，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 7．考查副词。句意：尽管困难重重，她还是从事故中完全康复，转而投身户外游泳，之后便再未回头。此处修饰动词recovered，用full的副词形式fully，意为“完全地”。故填fully。 8．考查连词。句意：尽管困难重重，她还是从事故中完全康复，转而投身户外游泳，之后便再未回头。此处连接switched和looked back两个并列的谓语动词，表顺承关系，用连词and。故填and。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：纳佐尔全身心投入冷水游泳运动的发展，深切关爱小组成员，因此在小组中广受喜爱。此处为非谓语动词作状语，Nazor与devote为主动关系，用现在分词devoting，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Devoting。 10．考查名词。句意：纳佐尔全身心投入冷水游泳运动的发展，深切关爱小组成员，因此在小组中广受喜爱。此处作gains的宾语，且有形容词wide修饰，用popular的名词形式popularity，意为“受欢迎程度”，为不可数名词。故填popularity。 六、高级句式表达 1．【答案】worn out/orn out 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：玩了一整天滑板后，我疲惫不堪。根据中文提示“疲惫不堪”可知，用形容词短语worn out，作表语。故填worn out。 2． 【答案】inspiring/encouraging/motivating/stimulating me 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“激励”应用动词inspire/encourage/motivate/stimulate，且此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，my teacher和inspire/encourage/motivate/stimulate为主动关系，应用现在分词，作宾补。表示“我”用me作inspiring/encouraging/motivating/stimulating的宾语。故填inspiring/encouraging/motivating/stimulating me。 3． 【答案】 enhances these abilities 【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：相比之下，沉浸在一本好书中会增强这些能力。“增强”用动词 enhance，作谓语，主语是动名词短语being absorbed in a good book，视为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式enhances；“这些能力”用these abilities。故填①enhances②these③abilities。 4． 【答案】 A dynamic learning approach stimulates our interest 【详解】考查形容词、名词和动词。句意：理论与实践相结合的动态学习方法不仅激发了我们的兴趣，也加深了我们的理解。第一空作主句的主语，“动态的”可表示为dynamic，形容词作定语，“学习方法”可表示为learning approach，结合从句中的combines和句意，这里是泛指，且连接辅音，应加不定冠词a。第二空中，“激发”可用及物动词stimulate，“兴趣”可用名词interest作宾语，根据deepens our understanding可知，可用our修饰interest，与后文一致，且时态也应与后文一致，用一般现在时。故填A dynamic learning approach；stimulates our interest。 5． 【答案】To enhance awareness of wildlife conservation 【详解】考查不定式。表示“提高”可用动词enhance，此处作目的状语用不定式，首字母大写；表示“保护野生动物的意识”可用awareness of wildlife conservation。故填To enhance awareness of wildlife conservation。 6． 【答案】To enhance our understanding of traditional culture 【详解】考查不定式做目的状语。句意：为了增进我们对传统文化的了解，我们学校正在组织一系列的文化活动。根据句意可知，设空处表目的，需要用到不定式to do作目的状语；“增进我们对传统文化的了解”译为enhance our understanding of traditional culture。故填To enhance our understanding of traditional culture。 7． 【答案】worn out 【详解】考查形容词短语。句意：马拉松选手们看上去疲惫不堪，但到达终点时却很自豪。根据所给中文提示词，应是固定搭配：worn out意为“筋疲力尽的；疲惫的”作表语。故填worn out。 8． 【答案】was worn out 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：在玩了一整天滑板之后，我疲惫不堪。“疲惫不堪”是be worn out，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去式，主语是I，be动词用was，故填was worn out。 9． 【答案】 worn out 【详解】考查形容词短语。句意：在医院上完12个小时的班后，她已经完全筋疲力尽了，几乎睁不开眼睛。根据汉语提示“精疲力尽”以及空格前的was可知，此处应用形容词短语worn out作表语，表示“疲惫不堪的；筋疲力尽的”。故填worn out。 10． 【答案】enhance your capacity in 【详解】考查短语。根据句意，句中“提高某人某方面的技能”用短语enhance one’s capacity in；in order to为了，后接动词原形。故填enhance your capacity in。 11． 【答案】In addition to improving physical health//In addition to enhancing physical health/In addition to boosting physical health/In addition to promoting physical health/In addition to strengthening physical health 【详解】考查介词短语和动词。根据提示的单词addition及句意，表示“除了……之外”可以用介词短语in addition to表达，其后接动名词形式；表示“改善”的动词为improve， enhance，boost，promote，和strengthen，位于介词后应使用动名词形式作宾语，表示“身体健康”为physical health作宾语，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填In addition to improving/enhancing/boosting/promoting/strengthening physical health。 12． 【答案】 reading books and visiting websites can enhance students’ writing skills are beneficial to improving their spoken English 【详解】考查句子结构和时态。描述现实用一般现在时。空1表示“读书和访问网站可以提高学生的写作技能”需转化为英文的主谓结构。主语是动名词短语reading books and visiting websites，谓语用can enhance表示能力，宾语为students’ writing skills。空2表示“听歌和看电影对提高英语口语有益”对应英文的并列结构。主语是listening to songs and watching movies，需注意主谓一致。虽然动名词短语通常视为单数，但当强调两个独立活动时，可用复数动词are。“对提高……有益”译为beneficial to improving，动名词作介词to的宾语，“英语口语”用their spoken English，作动词improving的宾语。故填①reading books and visiting websites can enhance students’ writing skills；②are beneficial to improving their spoken English。 13． 【答案】No matter when important exams approach/Whenever important exams approach 【详解】考查状语从句。根据句意，此处表示“无论何时有重要的考试临近”应为no matter when或whenever引导的让步状语从句，表示“重要的考试”为important exams，作从句的主语，表示“靠近”为approach作从句的谓语动词，根据“主将从现”原则，主句为一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时，从句主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词使用动词原形，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填No matter when/Whenever important exams approach。 14． 【答案】to stimulate feelings 【详解】考查非谓语动词。对比中英文句子可知，空处需填“激发情感”，“激发”表达为stimulate，“情感”表达为feeling，作宾语，常用复数形式；句中已有谓语动词can create，因此stimulate用非谓语动词形式，表目的，应用不定式。故填to stimulate feelings。 15． 【答案】As I took part in the summer camp about personal life choices 【详解】考查短语、时态和时间状语从句。“自从……后”用连词as，引导时间状语从句；“参加”用短语take part in；“夏令营”用短语summer camp，用定冠词the限定；“关于”用介词about；“个人生活选择”翻译为personal life choice，用复数形式。根据句中时态可知，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故答案为As I took part in the summer camp about personal life choices。 16． 【答案】playing games for a long time 【详解】考查动名词短语作主语。“长时间玩游戏”表达为动宾短语play games for a long time，设空处在句中作主语，用动名词形式playing games for a long time。故填playing games for a long time。 17. 【答案】 the economic situation improved gradually people’s living standards were enhanced obviously 【详解】考查名词短语、动词和副词。中英文对照可知，第一空考查“经济状况逐渐地改善”的英文表达，第二空考查“人们的生活水平明显地提高”的英文表达。“经济状况”为名词短语the economic situation，作主语，“改善”为动词 improve，“逐渐地”为副词gradually，修饰动词improve；根据空后并列分句“the employment opportunities increased steadily”可知此句用一般过去时态，“经济状况逐渐地改善”表达为the economic situation improved gradually。“人们的生活水平”为名词短语people’s living standards，作主语，“提高”为动词enhance，主语与动词enhance之间为被动关系，结合上下文可知用一般过去时的被动语态；“明显地”修饰动词“提高”表达为副词obviously，“人们的生活水平明显地提高”翻译为people’s living standards were enhanced obviously。故填the economic situation improved gradually；people’s living standards were enhanced obviously。 18． 【答案】enhance understanding and appreciation 【详解】考查动词短语和名词。根据汉语提示，表示“帮助做某事”用help (to) do sth；表示“增进”用动词enhance，此处使用省略to的不定式结构；表示“对古典音乐的认识和欣赏”用understanding and appreciation of classical music，此处使用名词短语作enhance的宾语。故填enhance understanding and appreciation。 19． 【答案】absorbed himself in 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“全身心投入……中”，是固定短语absorb oneself in，由his可知，主语The writer是男的，因此空格处反身代词用himself，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，因此空格处是absorbed himself in。故填absorbed himself in。 20． 【答案】 absorbed into 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“将……融入……中”，使用固定短语absorb...into...，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，因此空格处分别是absorbed和into。故填absorbed，into。 ( 第 1 页 共 15 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $