Unit 5 Working the Land Words and expressions 词汇课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit 5 Working the Land Words and Expressions 新人教选必一 1. devote [dɪˈvəʊt]: vt. 把…献(给); 把…专用于; 专心于 devote...to...把…奉献给…  sb. devote oneself to (doing) sth. 致力于;献身于;专心于  sb be devoted to （doing） 致力于;献身于;专心于 adj.忠诚的，投入的；深爱的 n.投入 专注于/ 致力于做某事 be lost in be absorbed in  focus on concentrate on 高频短语 知识拓展 1. (devote) to scientific research, Qian Xuesen was widely regarded as the father of China's missile. 2. _________(devote) himself to protecting the rice, he was respected by all of us. Devoted Devoting devoted devotion devote [dɪˈvəʊt] vt. 把……献（给）；把……专用于；专心于 写作运用升级 ④(2022·全国甲卷， 应用文写作) All in all， it is high time that _____________________________________________. 总而言之，现在是我们致力于保护海洋的时候了。 It is his ________ (devote) to his learning that enables him to attain a doctor's degree we devoted/should devote ourselves to protecting the ocean devotion shortage /ˈʃɔ:tɪdʒ n.不足;缺少;短缺 高频短语 short adj.短(期)的 ； n.短路 shortly adv. 短暂地 shorten v．(使)变短；(使)缩短 a shortage of 缺乏 be short of 缺乏，不足 in short 总之；简言之 睡眠缺乏会影响注意力 A _______(short) of sleep will affect your attention. 同义替换： in the absence of a lack of in want of shortage tackle [ˈtækl] vt. 解决难题；应付局面；处理 = handle / deal with 1. Are there any suggestions about how to tackle the problem? 2. The scientists are trying to tackle a problem of water pollution in this area. v. 处理难题 tackle the problem 解决问题 crisis [ˈkraɪsɪs] n.[C] 危机;危急关头 crises [ˈkraɪsi:z] 复数 解决危机 tackle a crisis 金融危机 the financial crisis boost /bu:st/ vt.使增长;使兴旺 n.增长 = promote / boom build up/ strengthen/ enhance 1. We need to boost our confidence to face the difficulties. 2. They're putting up new hotels in order to boost tourism in the area. 3. Winning the competition was a wonderful boost for her confidence. v. 增强；增长 v. 促进；兴旺 n. 增强；增长 convince [kənˈvɪns]: vt. 使相信; 使确信; 说服 高频短语 adj. 相信的;确信的 adj. 令人信服的 convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信 convince sb. to do sth.说服某人做 be convinced that ... 确信…… convinced convincing 【单句填空】 1. So______________ is your speech that I'm _____________ that all students will benefit a lot from it.(convince) 2. I have convinced David ________ (take) up the challenge and decide to join in cross-country team.[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写] 3.I'm firmly convinced of the significance of honesty, which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society.(读后续写之主旨升华) convincing convinced to take 常用v. + sb. +of + sth.类型总结 convince sb. of sth. accuse sb. of sth. cure sb. of sth. inform sb. of sth. cheat sb. of sth. persuade sb. of sth. warn sb. of sth. remind sb. of sth. characteristic n.[C]特征; & adj. 典型的; 独特的 character n.[C]角色；品质；文字 Genes determine the characteristics of every living thing. 基因决定每个生物的特征。 Positive and negative experiences form a child's character. 正反两方面的经历都影响儿童性格的形成。 人的性格 人或事物的特征、特点 attain /əˈteɪn/ vt.(经过努力)获得;得到 高频短语 adj.可得到的；可达到的 adj. 难以实现的 n.达到；成就；学识 attain one’s goal 实现某人的目标 =gain/ obtain/ acquire attainable unattainable attainment conventional adj.传统的;习惯的 conventionally adv. 按照惯例 convention n．习俗；惯例；常规；传统手法 = traditional Conventional wisdom has it that hard work leads to success. （传统观点认为努力工作会带来成功。） assumption n. 假定; 承担; 获得 高频短语 v. 假定; 认为; 设想; 承担; 假装 assuming that assume 假如 (引导条件状语从句) (1)make_________ assumption about sth. 对...作出假设 assume sb (to be)＋__________ 假定/认为某人(为)…… It is generally assumed that..._______________________ an adj./n. 人们普遍认为…… 【即学即练】 1.We are making an ____________ (assume) that everyone invited will turn up. 2.It is generally assumed/thought _________stress is caused by too much work. 3. _________(assume) that you were the boss of this company, what would you do? assumption that Assuming intense adj.热切的;十分强烈的;激烈的 高频短语  intense heat/cold/pain 酷热/严寒/剧痛 through intense efforts 通过不懈的努力 =through my tireless efforts ①get / be intense about 对…热心/情/衷 intensely adv.强烈地; 极度; 剧烈地 intensive adj. 加强的，集中的 overcome vt. 克服；解决；战胜 over- 表示在上，超过 come v. 来到 overwhelm 压倒；泛滥 overlook 俯视 overproduction 生产过度 overwork 过度劳累 overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ vt.克服;解决;战胜 高频短语 overcome-overcame-overcome be overcome with/by... 被（情绪）征服/控制；受到…的极大影响 After winning the national competition, the young and couldn’t hold back her tears. 赢得全国比赛后，这位年轻钢琴家被一阵激动之情压倒，忍不住流下了眼泪。 was overcome by a wave of excitement expand v. 扩大; 增加; 扩展; 发展(业务) 高频短语 n．扩大，增加 adj.广阔的；豪爽的 expand/broaden one’s horizons 开阔视野 expand ... into ... 把…扩展/发展成… expansion expansive His small business eventually expanded a business empire. The professor emphasized that is crucial for improving English writing skills. 教授强调，词汇量的扩大对提升英语写作能力至关重要。 the expansion of vocabulary into output n. 产量; 输出; 输出量&vt. 输出 input n. 输入; 投入& v. 输入 (output--output;outputting) export n.&v.出口 import n.&v.进口 estimate /ˈestɪmət vt.估计;估价;估算 n.估计 高频短语 v. 过高估计 =evaluate / assess overestimate (1)__________ is estimated that smoking causes 1,000,000 premature deaths every year. (2) Ocean plastic is estimated ___________(kill) millions of animals every year. It to kill ① It is estimated that…据估计…… ② by estimate 按照估计 consumption n.消耗;消耗量;消费 v．消耗；吃；毁灭 n．消费者 (1) The only source of water ______________ (consume) by the villagers quickly. (2) Gas and oil ___________ (consume) always increases in winter. was consumed consumption consume consumer comprise /kəmˈpraɪz/ vt.包括;包含;由…组成 高频短语 be comprised of consist of be made up of be composed of be comprised of 由……组成，包含 The advanced teaching method group discussions, practical experiments and online courses. is comprised of comprise vt. 包括/含; 由…组成 表示“由……组成”的结构: generate vt. 产生; 引起 generator n. 发电机; 电力公司; 生产者;创始者 generation n. 产生，一代 1)Wind can generate electricity 2)产生收益 / 利润 generate income/profits envision vt. 展望; 想象 ①envision (doing) sth 想象(做)...... 1)I can't envision doing anything else with my life except for work. 同义词：imagine v. 想象 leisure n . 闲暇; 休闲; 空闲 闲暇时/空闲时 in one’s leisure time celebrity n. 名望; 名誉; 名人; 名流 celebrities 复数 celebrate v. 庆祝; vision /ˈvɪʒn/ n.想象;视力;视野;影像 视觉的，视力的；栩栩如生的 明显的；看得见的;可得到的 adv.明显地；显然；看得见地 The stars are_________ on a clear night. He was __________ nervous before the speech. visible visibly visual visible visibly reality n. 现实; 实际情况; 事实 高频短语 real adj.真实的 realistic adj.现实的；务实的 really adv. 真实地；非常 realize vt. 实现；意识到 in reality 事实上 1. Will time travel ever become a ________(real)? 2.Outwardly she seemed confident but __________she felt extremely nervous. 3.The theme park is a magic land, in which you can ________your childhood dream. It is _________worth visiting. reality in reality realize really extension n.扩大；延伸；电话分机 extend v.扩大,延伸； extensive adj.广阔的；广泛的 evtensively adv.广泛地 ①The (extend) of the subway will take several months. ②The company plans (extend) its operations into Europe. ③We have got extension to finish writing our papers. ④The blame lies with the teachers and, , with the Education Service. 应受指责的是教师，再则就是教育机构。 extension to extend an by extension chemical adj. 与化学有关的; 化学的 n.[C]化学制品; 化学品 chemistry n. 化学 chemist n. 化学家; 药剂师 1)化工材料 chemical materials 2)产生化学反应 create a chemical reaction flavor/flavour n.[C&U]味道; 调味料;特点/色 1)The fish has a wonderful flavour. 相近词： favor/favour v.& n. 支持;赞同; 偏爱 nutrition n. 营养; 滋养 nutritional adj. 营养(物)的 nutritious adj.有营养的；营养丰富的 ease, relieve alleviate vt.减轻；缓解 alleviate suffering 减轻苦难 alleviation n. 减轻；缓解 poverty alleviation 扶贫 poverty n. 贫穷; 贫困 脱贫 overcome/get rid of poverty in poverty 处于贫困中 poor adj. 贫穷的 poverty-stricken area 贫困区 organic pesticide bacterium (pl. –ria /-riə/) pest n. 害虫; 害鸟 in turn 相应地；依次；轮流 高频短语 take turns to do 轮流做 It’s one’s turn to do 轮到某人做某事 turn to sb for help _______________ it turns out that / to be _______________ 向某人求助 结果是；证明是 1. This affects the crops planted on the land and, ____ turn, the animals and humans who digest them. 2. When it was my turn _________ (give) a speech, I was too excited to speak. 3. We take turns _______ (clean)the room, ensuring everyone contributes equally. in to give to clean 【即学即练】 essential /ɪˈsenʃl a.完全必要的;极其重要的 高频短语 be essential to/for… 对…很重要 It is essential for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是完全必要的 = necessary adj.必要的 It is essential that...(should) do…做…是完全必要的 essentially adv. 本质上; 根本上 essence n.本质，实质；精华 =vital / necessary / important / significant / crucial mineral n.[C] 矿物; 矿物质 & adj. (与)矿物(有关)的 mine n. 矿/矿井 & v.采（煤等矿物）； 1)矿泉水 mineral water 2)矿物资源 mineral resources 核心单词讲解 alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的 (1)have no alternative but_______________.别无选择只好做某事 an alternative___________...……的替代品 (2) ___________________adv.可供选择地 (3)“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式： ①_____________________________________ ②_______________________________________ to do sth to alternatively have no choice but to do sth. can't do sth. but do sth. 【单句填空】 ①(2022·全国乙卷)There are__________________ (alternative) to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. ②On the assumption that you are available, I can come to your house, or_________________ (alternative)，we can meet in the town. ③For instance, solar energy is an alternative _______ fossil fuel. alternatives alternatively to 12. depth n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度) deep adj.深的　adv.深深地 deeply adv.深深地，强烈地 deepen v．(使)变深，(使)加深 adj. high wide long strong n. height width length strength v. heighten widen lengthen strengthen Their friendship soon __________(deep) into love. She was__________(deep) moved by the movie. deepened deeply 1.He did not get a chance to _______(deep) his knowledge of Poland. 2.His film, over two hours in ______(long), is a subtle study of family life. 3.The ______(high) of the mountain did not discourage them. 4.The move is clearly intended to ________________(strength) the President’s position as head of state. deepen length height strengthen entirely adv. 全部地; 完整地; 完全地 entire adj. 全部的; 整个的; 完全的 同义词：fully/totally/completely/thoroughly aspect n.[C]方面/层面 in all aspects 各个方面 拓展词汇会变 1．___________ vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→___________ n．奉献；忠诚；挚爱→___________ adj．忠诚的；挚爱的 2． _____________n．不足；缺少；短缺→___________ adj.短的；矮的；缺乏的；简略的→___________ adv.短暂地→___________ v.变短 3．___________ vt.使相信；使确信；说服→ ___________adj.有说服力的；使人信服的→_________________ adj.确信的；坚信的 4．_____________ n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得→ _______________v.假定；设想→ ________________conj.假定；假设 5. ______adj.贫穷的→______ adv.糟糕地；不适→________ n．贫穷 devote devotion shortage short convince convincing assumption convinced assume assuming poor poorly poverty shortly shorten devoted 6．_____________ vt.& vi.扩大；增加 vt.扩展；发展(业务)→ ____________n.扩大；扩张；扩充 7．________________ n.消耗；消耗量；消费→_____________ vt.消耗；消费；吃；喝→ ____________n.消费者；用户；客户 8．____________ adj.含盐的；咸的→______________ n.盐 9．__________ n.扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→____________ vt.伸开；延伸；展开 10. __________ adj.真实的→_____________ v．实现→ ____________n. n．现实；事实→_____________adj.现实的；务实的 expand expansion consumption consume salty consumer extension extend salt real realise reality realistic 11．___________ adj.与化学有关的；化学的 n．化学制品；化学品→____________ n．化学→____________ adv.化学上地→___________ n．化学家；药剂师 12． ____________ adj.营养(物)的→_____________ adj.有营养的；营养丰富的→________________ n．营养；滋养 13．_______n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→_______ adj.深的→_________ adv.深深地；强烈地→__________ vt.加深；(使)变深 14．_________ adv.全部地；完整地；完全地→______ adj.全部的 15. _____ _ ___ n．惯例；习俗→___ ___ adj.传统的；习惯的 chemical chemistry chemically chemist nutritional nutritious deepen depth deep nutrition deeply entirely entire convention conventional 16．___________ vt.(经过努力)获得;得到→____________ adj.可得到的；可达到的→____________ adj. 难以实现的→___________n.达到；成就；学识 17． ____________ adj.热切的;十分强烈的;激烈的→_____________ adj.加强的；集中的；→_______________adv.强烈地；紧张地→_______________ n.强度；加强→_______________ v.(使)加强，(使)强化 18．_______n.肥料→_______ v.使肥沃→_________ n.肥沃/生育能力→_______adj.肥沃的,富饶的 attain attainable unattainable attainment intense intensive intensely intension intensify fertile fertilize fertility fertiliser ● 划重点　练透易错点 ● 维度一　词形转换和动词形式变化 1．However，we did not mark the route so we ended up almost missing the sunset ________ (entire)． 2．Finally, her childhood dream had become a ________ (real), and Catalina knew that nothing was impossible as long as she kept chasing her dreams. 3．Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different ________ (deep) of soil to help keep it rich. 4．[2021·全国乙卷]From now on, you're going to have to stay away from ________ (salt) food. entirely reality depths salty 5．In other words, we are working on the __________ (assume) that he could help work out the problem of water ________ (short)． 6．Tom adjusted to his new school and ________ (overcome) his shyness, thus ________ (boost) his confidence. 7．As the educator puts it, ________ (expand) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice. 8．It ________ (estimate) that the project will last four years, ________ (generate) a lot of interest since last month. assumption shortage overcame boosting expanding is estimated generating 维度二　固定用法和搭配 For years, a farmer called John has been devoted to ①________ (tackle) the problem of hunger. One day he came across an article which referred to Yuan Longping and his super hybrid rice. He thought it essential ②________ him to benefit from the practical knowledge circulated by Yuan Longping. Therefore, he had no alternative but ③________ (equip) himself with more knowledge of Yuan's farming methods. He took all ④________ (aspect) into consideration and developed his farming method suitable for the soil of his fields. With scientific farming methods, he and his family have their output ⑤________ (expand) and have never bought exported grain any longer. tackling for to equip aspects expanded 维度三　熟词生义 1．For those who hunger for some peace and quiet，sound can now create silence. ____________ 2．I will never yield to the temporary difficulties I am facing now.____________ 3．Her parents were overcome with great sadness at the funeral.____________ vi.渴望 vi.屈服；让步 vt.受到……的极大影响 ◈语境记单词◈ 1.It is important for us to consume a variety of____________ (nutrition) foods to maintain good health. [2022年新高考I卷·改编] 2.Caffeine, a______________ (chemistry) typically found in coffee, has caused a lot of concern because it is one of the few drugs that show up regularly in our food supply. [2018年11月浙江高考·改编] 3.I’m writing to introduce a renowned Chinese______________ (agriculture) scientist Yuan Longping, who was born in 1930, known as the “father of hybrid rice”. [应用文写作·描述伟人] nutritious chemical agricultural ◈语境记单词◈ 4.①I learned that deep_______ the human mind, alongside love and kindness, run currents of anger, need, greed, envy, destructiveness, superiority — whether we want to acknowledge them or not. [四川省新高考教研联盟2024-2025学年高三上学期八省适应性联考·语法填空] ②She was_______________ (deep) moved. [读后续写写作·描述人] 5.Today, this waterway is shorter_________ it was once, but it is still the longest man-made river in the world. [浙江省名校协作体试题·改编] in deeply than ◈语境记单词◈ 6.Some of the tours that people can take in Budapest may not be___________ (entire) safe. [四川省2024-2025学年八省适应性联考·语法填空] 7.①As exports starts to decline as a share of GDP, domestic________________ (consume) plays a larger role in driving growth. [湖南省岳阳第一中学2023-2024学年高三开学试题·改编] ②Therefore, they can work for longer,_____________ (consume) more and in general be a boost to the economy.[2022年浙江1月高考·改编] entirely consumption consume ◈语境记单词◈ 8.Yangshuo is___________ (real) beautiful. [应用文写作·描述地点] 9.Cantlon thinks it may be rooted in social and cultural______________ (convention). [2020届河北省石家庄市第二中学高三6月模拟·改编] 10. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been_____________ (poor) studied. [2019年全国I卷·语法填空] really conventions poorly Unit 5 Working the Land 新人教选必一 $