Unit12词汇过关（含单词过关与词性转换过关）-2025-2026学年人教版（2012）九年级英语上学期

新目标九年级Unit12词汇过关 单词默写（与课本同步） __________ adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的 p.89 __________ 在……以前 p.89 __________ n. 背包；旅行包 p.89 __________ v. (__________, __________)睡过头；睡得太久 p.89 ____________________ 捎……一程 p.90 __________ n. 街区 p.91 ____________________ 与……成一排 p.91 __________ n. 工作者；工人 p.91 __________ v. 盯着看；凝视 p.91 __________ n. 不信；怀疑 p.91 __________ prep. 在……上面 adv. 在上面 p.91 __________ v. (__________, __________) 着火；燃烧 p.91 __________ adj. 着火的；燃烧的p.91 __________ adj. 活着；有生气的 p.91 __________ n. 机场 p.91 __________ prep. & conj. 到；直到 p.91 __________ adv. 向西；朝西 adj. 向西的；西部的 n. 西；西方 p.91 __________ adj. 死的；失去生命的 p.91 __________ n. 奶油；乳脂 p.92 __________ n. 工作日 p.92 ____________________ 赶到；露面 p.92 __________ n. 豆；豆荚 p.92 __________ n. 市场；集市 p.92 __________ n. 蠢人；傻瓜 v. 愚弄 p.93 __________ n.（特定场合穿的）服装；装束 p.93 __________ adj. 窘迫的；害羞的 p.93 ____________________ 化装舞会 p.93 __________ v. 宣布；宣告 p.94 __________ n. 意大利面条 p.94 __________ n. 骗局；恶作剧 p.94 ____________________ 卖光 p.94 __________ n. 发现；发觉 p.94 __________ n. 女士；女子 p.94 __________ v. 取消；终止 p.94 __________ n. 军官；官员 p.94 __________ adj. 可相信的；可信任的 p.95 __________ v. 消失；不见 p.95 __________ adj. 使人害羞的（难堪的或惭愧的）p.95 词性转换默写版 1.expect（v.）期望→_____________（adj.）预期的 →_____________（adj.）出乎意料的 2.burn（v.）着火；燃烧→_____________（adj.）着火的；燃烧的 3.live (v.)居住，生活/（adj.）活的，实况转播的→_____________（n.）生命 →_____________(adj.)活泼的 4.discover（v.）发现→_____________（n.）发现 、发觉 5.believe（v.）相信→_____________（adj.）可相信的 → _____________（adj.）难以置信的 6. office (n)办公室、（提供某项服务的）室、局、处 →_____________(n) 军官、官员 7.appear（v.）出现 →______________（v.）消失 8. embarrass（v.）使窘迫→___________（adj.）窘迫的；害羞的（指人） → _____________（adj.）令人窘迫的、使人害羞的（指物） 9. fool (n) 蠢人，傻瓜/ (v.)愚弄→ _____________(adj.)愚蠢的 10. _____________(v.) 死亡 →_____________(n.) 死、死亡 →_____________ (adj.)死的、去世的 11.west (n.)西、西方/(adv)向西→_____________ (adj.)西方的、西部的 词性转换答案版 1.expect（v.）期望→expected（adj.）预期的 →unexpected（adj.出乎意料的 2.burn（v.）着火；燃烧→burning（adj.）着火的；燃烧的 3.live (v.)居住，生活/（adj.）活的，实况转播的→life（n.）生命 →lively (adj.)活泼的 4.discover（v.）发现→discovery（n.）发现 、发觉 5.believe（v.）相信→believable（adj.）可相信的 → unbelievable（adj.）难以置信的 6.office (n)办公室、（提供某项服务的）室、局、处→officer (n) 军官、官员 7.appear（v.）出现 →appear （v.）消失 8.embarrass（v.）使窘迫→embarrassed （adj.）窘迫的；害羞的（指人）→ embarrassing（adj.）令人窘迫的、使人害羞的（指物） 9.fool (n) 蠢人，傻瓜/ (v.)愚弄→ foolish (adj.)愚蠢的 10.die (v.) 死亡 →death (n.) 死、死亡 →dead (adj.)死的、去世的 11.west (n.)西、西方/(adv)向西→western (adj.)西方的、西部的 过关练习 一、单词拼写 1．Except for an old l , the bus was empty. 2．The d of America was quite an event in the world． 3．—Where are you going? —To the a . I am going to take the plane there. 4．Look! The birds are flying high a the trees. 5．Tom’s father died ten years ago, but his mother is still a . 6．The boy often o in the morning, so he is always late for school. 7．There is a big m in the neighborhood. My mother often goes shopping there. 8．Although it was a h , many people, especially young people, treated it seriously. 9．A police o arrived here soon after the accident. 10．I felt like a f when I realized my mistake. 11．Let’s go and see what is h over there. 12．Mary wears a beautiful c at the party. 13．You must arrive at the a two hours early before the plane takes off. 14．It’s raining heavily. We have to c the football game this afternoon. 15．He was very e when he gave the wrong answer to the question. 16．By the time he got there, all the people (leave). 17．We (learn) 20 English songs in the past few months. 18．After he (finish) his homework, he went to school. 19．When he got to the cinema, the movie already (begin). 20．He said he (see) the movie already. 21．My grandmother says the (豆) grow quickly in summer. 22．Our math teacher (teach) in our school for 20 years and he (come) here when he was 25 years old. 23．He told his mother that he (run) out of money to buy new clothes. 24．The little girl (lie) in bed for almost a month since she (fall) sick. Luckily, she can go to school now. 25．He (study) English for five years before he went to America. 26．At the last minute, Jim (kick) the ball in and his team won the game. 27．Tom said that he (keep) the book for two weeks. 28．They (plant) six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 29．The great scientist passed away accidentally. He read the news in (believe) over and over again. 30．When the bell (ring), my dog rushed to open the door. 二、完形填空 One day, an old farmer’s grandson asked him, “Grandpa! I tried to read the books just like you did, though I didn’t 31 it, and what I did understand I forget as soon as I closed the book. What 32 does reading do?” The grandfather quietly turned from putting coal (煤) in the stove and replied: “Take this coal basket down to the river and bring me back a basket of water.” The boy did as he was told, but all the water 33 before he got back to the house. The grandfather laughed and said, “You’ll have to move a little more 34 next time.” Then he sent the boy back to the river with the basket to try again. This time the boy ran faster, but again the basket was 35 before he returned home. Out of breath, he told his grandfather that it was 36 to carry water in a basket. The old man said, “Try again. You’re just not trying hard enough.” The boy again dipped (浸) the basket into the 37 and ran as hard as he could, but when he reached his grandfather the basket was again empty. Out of breath, he said, “See Grandpa, it’s useless! “ “Useless?” The old man said, “Look at the basket.” The boy looked at the basket and for the first time realized that the basket was 38 . Instead of a dirty old coal basket, it was clean, inside and out. “Grandson, that’s what matters when you read the book. You 39 understand or remember everything, but when you read it, you will be 40 , inside and out.” 31．A．remember B．understand C. ignore D．recognize 32．A．task B．harm C．good D．importance 33．A．sell out B．went off C．set out D．leaked out 34．A．quietly B．quickly C．slowly D．carefully 35．A．empty B．broken C．heavy D．dirty 36．A．impossible B．important C．boring D．unnecessary 37．A．stream B．sea C．water D．lake 38．A．different B．wet C．dirty D．new 39．A．must not B．might not C．should not D．cannot 40．A．changed B．instructed C．reminded D．interested 三、短文填空 A man was driving along a rural (乡下的) road when he saw a chicken 41 had three legs running next to his car. He was amused (逗笑) by this and watched as it ran along. As he was driving, he realized that the chicken was running about 50 kilometers an hour. “That’s a pretty fast chicken. I wonder 42 fast it can run！” He drove fast and the chicken still kept up 43 him, even at 70 km an hour. He sped up to 90 km an hour and the chicken was still right next to him. 44 (sudden), the chicken turned off the road and ran down a long driveway, leading to a farmhouse. The man 45 (follow) the chicken to the house and saw a man 46 (stand) in the yard, as well as dozens of three­legged chickens. The man in the car called out to the farmer, “How did you get all these three-legged chickens?” The farmer replied, “I raise them. You see, my wife, my son and I live here, and we all like to eat chicken legs. 47 chickens only have two legs. So I started raising this three­legged species (品种) so that we could have 48 (much) to eat.” “That’s 49 (amaze)!” the driver said. “How do they taste?” “We don’t know,” the farmer said. “We 50 (can) catch them!” 答案 1．(l)ady 【详解】句意：除了一位老太太外，公共汽车是空的。根据“the bus was empty”可知，公交车上没什么人，除了一位老妇人；结合首字母提示，应填lady“女士”；空前有不定冠词an，名词用单数。故填(l)ady。 2．(d)iscovery 【详解】句意：美洲的发现是世界上的一件大事。根据“The ... of America was quite an event in the world.”及首字母可知，美洲的发现是一件大事；discovery“发现”，名词；再根据“was”可知，名词用单数。故填(d)iscovery。 3．(a)irport 【详解】句意：——你要去哪里？——去机场。我要去那里乘飞机。根据“I am going to take the plane there.”可知，将去机场，应填airport“机场”。故填(a)irport。 4．(a)bove 【详解】句意：你看！鸟儿在树的上空高高地飞翔。根据“The birds are flying high a... the trees.”可知，是指鸟在树上方高高飞翔，介词above“在……上方”符合语境。故填(a)bove。 5．(a)live 【详解】句意：汤姆的爸爸十年前死了，但是他的妈妈还活着。根据“Tom’s father died ten years ago”和转折词“but”可知，后面表示他的妈妈还“活着”；需要形容词作表语，alive“活的”。故填(a)live。 6．(o)versleeps 【详解】句意：这个男孩早上经常睡过头，所以他上学总是迟到。根据首字母及“so he is always late for school”可知，此处指男孩早上经常睡过头，所以上学迟到。oversleep“睡过头”，动词。根据“often”可知，此处描述经常性动作，应为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用其单三形式。故填(o)versleeps。 7．(m)arket 【详解】句意：在街区有一个大的市场。我妈妈经常去那儿购物。根据“goes shopping there.”及首字母m可知，是市场market，a后跟名词单数。故填(m)arket。 8．(h)oax 【详解】句意：虽然这是个骗局，但很多人，特别是年轻人，把它当真了。根据首字母提示和“many people, especially young people, treated it seriously.”可知是个骗局，hoax“骗局”符合题意，a后接名词单数。故填(h)oax。 9．(o)fficer 【详解】句意：事故发生后不久，一名警察赶到了这里。空处在句中作主语，所以应填名词。根据“after the accident.”和“A police...”及首字母可知，发生事故后应是警察到了，police officer“警察”，A后跟单数名词。故填(o)fficer。 10．(f)ool 【详解】句意：当我意识到自己的错误时，我觉得自己像个傻瓜。根据“I felt like a … when I realized my mistake”及首字母可知，感觉自己像个傻瓜，fool“傻瓜”，根据a可知，此空应填单数名词，故填(f)ool。 11．(h)appening 【详解】句意：我们去看看那边正在发生什么事。根据“Let’s go”可知此处what引导的宾语从句应用现在进行时，其谓语结构为：am / is / are+现在分词。首字母为h，此处动词应用happen表示“发生”，其现在分词为happening。故填(h)appening。 12．(c)osturme/(c)oat 【详解】句意：Mary在聚会上穿着一件漂亮的衣服。根据语境“Mary wears a beautiful...at the party.”可知，在聚会上穿着“衣服”，可以是特定场合服装“costurme”，也可以是普通的大衣“coat”，前面有不定冠词“a”修饰，后面用单数即可。故填(c)osturme/(c)oat。 13．(a)irport 【详解】句意：你必须在飞机起飞前两小时到达机场。根据“the plane takes off”可知，这里表示到达“机场”，airport“机场”，可数名词；此处特指要坐飞机的那个机场，应用单数名词。故填(a)irport。 14．(c)ancle 【详解】句意：雨下得很大。我们不得不取消今天下午的足球比赛。根据句意及语境可推测，我们因为雨下得很大要取消比赛，cancel“取消”，have to“不得不”，其后跟动词原形。故填(c)ancel。 15．(e)mbarrassed 【详解】句意：当他对这个问题给出了错误的答案时，他非常尴尬。根据后文“he gave the wrong answer to the question”结合首字母提示可知，此处应用形容词“embarrassed”，表示“尴尬的”，作表语，修饰人。故填(e)mbarrassed。 16．had left 【详解】句意：当他到达那里时，所有人都已经离开了。根据“By the time he got there”可知，离开发生在到达之前，而“got到达”用的是一般过去时，所以“leave离开”应用过去完成时，结构是“had+过去分词”，leave的过去分词为left。故填had left。 17．have learned 【详解】句意：在过去的几个月里，我们已经学会了20首英文歌曲。根据时间状语“in the past few months”可知，句子用现在完成时态，主语是复数，助动词用have，动词learn的过去分词是learned。故填have learned。 18．had finished 【详解】句意：他做完作业后，就去上学了。根据句意可知，动作“做完作业”发生在“去上学”之前，应用过去完成时态。finish的过去分词是finished。故填had finished。 19． had begun 【详解】句意：当他到达电影院的时候，电影已经开始了。根据“when he got to the cinema”及“already”可知，主句用过去完成时，其结构是had done的形式。begin的过去分词是begun。故填had；begun。 20．had seen 【详解】句意：他说他已经看过那部电影了。根据题意，句子是间接引语，主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去完成时，表示在过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作。故填had seen。 21．beans 【详解】句意：我奶奶说豆子在夏天长得很快。结合句意和汉语提示可知，bean“豆”，可数名词；根据谓语动词“grow”可知，此处应用名词复数形式beans作从句主语。故填beans。 22． has taught came 【详解】句意：我们的数学老师已经在我们学校教了20年了，他25岁的时候来到这里。根据“for 20 years”可知，第一个空是现在完成时，其结构是have done，主语“Our math teacher”为第三人称单数，助动词用has，动词teach“教授”的过去分词为taught；根据“when he was 25 years old”可知，第二个空是when引导的时间状语从句，时态保持一致，用一般过去时，谓语动词come应用过去式came。故填has taught；came。 23．had run 【详解】句意：他告诉他妈妈他没钱买新衣服了。分析句子结构可知，“钱用完”先于“告诉母亲”之前发生，所以此处应用过去完成时，其结构为had done，run的过去分词为run。故填had run。 24． had lain fell 【详解】句意：这个小女孩生病后躺在床上将近一个月了。幸运的是，她现在可以上学了。根据“since”和“for almost a month”可知，句子为since引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，谓语动词fall应用过去式fell；主句用完成时，表示“躺”动作的持续了一个月；再根据“Luckily, she can go to school now.”可知，“躺”的动作已经结束，所以此处应用过去完成时，其结构为had done，动词lie的过去分词为lain。故填had lain；fell。 25．had studied 【详解】句意：他去美国之前学了五年英语。根据“before he went to America”可知，此处表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had studied。 26．kicked 【详解】句意：在最后一刻，吉姆把球踢进了球门，他的球队赢得了比赛。结合“his team won”可知时态为一般过去时，此空用动词过去式。故填kicked。 27．had kept 【详解】句意：汤姆说他已经保留这本书两个星期了。根据“Tom said that he ...the book for two weeks.”可知，此句是含宾语从句的复合句，主句时态为一般过去时，从句也要用过去时态；再根据“for two weeks”可知，应用过去完成时，结构为had done；keep的过去分词为kept。故填had kept。 28．had planted 【详解】句意：他们在上星期三之前种了六百棵树。plant“种植”，动词。根据“before last Wednesday”可知，植树发生在过去的过去，应为过去完成时，结构是had done。故填had planted。 29．disbelief 【详解】句意：这位伟大的科学家去意外世了。他不相信地一遍又一遍地读这条新闻。分析句子可知，横线上是介词in的宾语，根据句意可知，disbelief“怀疑，不相信”符合语境，此处为抽象名词，不可数。故填disbelief。 30．rang 【详解】句意：当铃声响，我的狗冲去开门。根据后文“my dog rushed to open the door.”可知描述过去的事件，所以是一般过去时，将ring变为rang。故填rang。 31．B 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．A 37．C 38．A 39．B 40．A 【导语】本文通过篮子打水的事，说明了读书可以改变一个人的内涵和外在。 31．句意：爷爷，我想像你一样读书，但我读不懂，而且每次我一合上书，就忘记了我读懂的东西。 remember记住；understand理解；ignore忽视；recognize意识到。根据“what I did understand I forget as soon as I closed the book”可知，我试图像你一样读书，虽然我不理解它，故选B。 32．句意：读书到底有什么好的？ task任务；harm危害；good好处；importance重要性。根据“does reading do”可知，读书有什么好处，故选C。 33．句意：男孩按照爷爷告诉的去做了，但是在他回到屋子之前，水就漏没了。 sell out卖完；went off离开；set out出发；leaked out泄露。根据“before he got back to the house”可知，所有的水在他回到家之前都漏光了，故选D。 34．句意：爷爷笑着说，“你下次要跑快点”。 quietly安静地；quickly快速地；slowly缓慢地；carefully仔细地。根据“This time the boy ran faster”可知，你下次得更快一点，故选B。 35．句意：这一次，男孩跑得快了一些，但是在他回来之前篮子又一次空了。 empty空的；broken破碎的；heavy重的；dirty脏的。根据“but again the basket was”可知，篮子在他回到家之前又是空的，故选A。 36．句意：这一次，男孩跑得快了一些，但是在他回来之前篮子又一次空了。 impossible不可能的；important重要的；boring无聊的；unnecessary不必要的。根据“to carry water in a basket”可知，用篮子装水是不可能的，故选A。 37．句意：男孩又一次把篮子浸到了水里，然后跑的飞快，但是等他到了爷爷那里时，篮子又空了。 stream溪流；sea大海；water水；lake湖。根据“dipped (浸) the basket into the”可知，再次把篮子浸入水中，故选C。 38．句意：男孩看着篮子，他第一次发现篮子不同了。 different不同的；wet潮湿的；dirty脏的；new新的。根据“Instead of a dirty old coal basket, it was clean, inside and out”可知，篮子变得不一样了，故选A。 39．句意：你可能不能理解或者记住所有的东西，但是在你读的时候，你会改变，由内至外。 must not禁止；might not可能不；should not不应该；cannot不可能。根据“but when you read it,”可知，你可能不会理解或记住所有的东西，故选B。 40．句意：你可能不能理解或者记住所有的东西，但是在你读的时候，你会改变，由内至外。 changed改变；instructed指导；reminded提醒；interested感兴趣的。根据“inside and out”可知，当你读书时，你会被改变，故选A。 41．that/which 42．how 43．with 44．Suddenly 45．followed 46．standing 47．But 48．more 49．amazing 50．can’t/cannot 【导语】本文讲述了一个男人在路上开车时遇到了奔跑速度很快的三条腿的鸡的故事。 41．句意：一个人正沿着乡下的路开车，这时他看到一只长着三条腿的鸡正在他的汽车旁边跑。分析句子结构可知设空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词chicken指物，关系词用that/which。故填that/which。 42．句意：我想知道它能跑多快！分析句子结构可知设空处引导宾语从句，再结合空后的副词fast“快地”可知此处应填how。故填how。 43．句意：他开车很快，那只鸡仍然（可以）跟上他，甚至意每小时70公里的速度。keep up with“跟上”，固定短语。故填with。 44．句意：突然，鸡离开了公路，沿着长长的车道向农舍跑去。根据“the chicken turned off the road and ran down a long driveway, leading to a farmhouse.”可知，此处应用sudden的副词suddenly“突然”，修饰整句，句首首字母大写。故填Suddenly。 45．句意：这个人跟着鸡到了房子，看到一个人正站在庭院里，还有几十只三只腿的鸡。根据“saw”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词follow应用过去式followed。故填followed。 46．句意：这个人跟着鸡到了房子，看到一个人正站在庭院里，还有几十只三只腿的鸡。see sb. doing sth.“看到某人正在做某事”，现在分词作宾补。故填standing。 47．句意：但是鸡只有两条腿。根据“we all like to eat chicken legs”和“chickens only have two legs”可知，上下文是转折关系，故应用转折连词but，设空位于句首，故填But。 48．句意：所以我开始喂养这种三只腿的品种以便我们能够有更多（鸡腿）吃。根据上下文可知鸡只有两只腿，但为了吃到更多的鸡腿，农夫开始喂养三只腿的品种；此处暗含比较，应用much的比较级more。故填more。 49．句意：那太令人惊奇了！根据“That’s”可知，此处应填形容词作表语；amazing“令人惊奇的”，符合语境。故填amazing。 50．句意：我们抓不到它们。根据上下文可知这种鸡跑得太快了，农夫一家抓不到它们，此处应用can的否定can’t/cannot表示否定。故填can’t/cannot 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $