Unit5 The value of money 一轮复习单词及派生词语境记忆法学案-2026届高三英语人教版必修第三册

人教版版高中英语必修3—生词及派生词语境记忆法 Unit 5 The value of Money 1. basis n. 基础；根据；基点; basic adj. 基础的；基本的; basically adv. 基本上;从根本上说 英文: Trust is the ________of a good friendship. ________ math skills are necessary for shopping. ________, you just need to finish your homework first. 中文：信任是良好友谊的基础。基础的数学技能对购物很有必要。基本上，你只需要先完成作业就行。 2. Plastic n. 塑料；adj. 塑料制的；塑料的； plastically adv. 呈塑料状地；可塑地 英文:This bag is made of ________, so it’s not easy to break. The soft material can be pressed ________ into different shapes. 中文: 这个袋子是塑料做的，不容易破。这种软材料能被按压成可塑状，变成不同形状。 3. Apologise vi. 道歉；谢罪；apology n. 道歉；歉意；apologetic adj. 道歉的；愧疚的； apologetically adv. 抱歉地；愧疚地 英文:You should __________ to your friend if you forgot her birthday.She gave me a letter of __________ for her mistake. He had an __________ look when he arrived late. She smiled ____________ and said she would correct the error. 中文:她为自己的错误给了我一封道歉信。他迟到时，脸上带着愧疚的表情。她抱歉地笑了笑，说会改正错误。如果你忘了朋友的生日，应该向她道歉。 4. ignore vt. 忽视；对……不予理会；ignorance n. 无知；忽视；ignorant adj. 无知的；忽视的； ignorantly adv. 无知地；忽视地 英文:Don’t __________ the teacher’s advice—it will help you.His __________ of traffic rules led to the accident. She was __________ of the fact that the shop was closed. He __________ thought the task was easy, but it was hard. 中文:别忽视老师的建议，它会帮到你。他对交通规则的无知导致了这场事故。她不知道这家店已经关门了。他无知地认为这个任务很简单，其实很难。 5. return v. 返回；归还；n. 返回；归还；returnable adj. 可退还的；可返回的； returner n. 回归者；返程者 英文:You must __________ the library book before the due date. These bottles are __________—you can get your deposit back. The __________ was tired after a long trip from abroad. 中文:你必须在到期日前把图书馆的书还回去。这些瓶子是可退还的，你能拿回押金。这位从国外返程的人，长途旅行后很疲惫。 6. judge vt. & vi. 评价；评判；判断；n. 法官；审判员；裁判员；judgement n. 判断；判决；看法； judicial adj. 司法的；公正的；judicially adv. 司法上；公正地 英文：It’s unfair to __________ a person only by his looks. Her __________ about which book to read was good. The case will go through __________ procedures. The teacher dealt with the dispute __________. 中文:只凭外表评判一个人是不公平的。她对读哪本书的判断很准。这个案件会走司法程序。老师公正地处理了这场纠纷。 7. scene n. （戏剧或歌剧的）场；现场；场面; scenic adj. 风景优美的；舞台的scenically adv. 风景优美地 英文:The police quickly arrived at the __________ of the car accident.We took a bus along the __________ mountain road.This village is __________ one of the most beautiful in the area. 中文: 警察很快赶到了车祸现场。我们乘公交车沿着风景优美的山路走。这个村庄在风景上是该地区最漂亮的之一。 8. narrator n. 叙述者；讲述者；幕后解说员；narration n. 叙述；讲述；解说; narrate v. 叙述；讲述； narrative adj. 叙事的；n. 叙事；故事； narratively adv. 叙事性地 英文: She __________ her childhood stories to the children. This novel has a very moving __________.The film is structured __________ to attract viewers.The __________ of the documentary has a clear and warm voice.The __________ of the story made everyone feel touched. 中文:这本小说有一个非常感人的叙事故事。这部电影在叙事结构上设计得很吸引观众。这部纪录片的解说员声音清晰又温暖。这个故事的讲述让所有人都很感动。 9. servant n. 仆人；用人; serve v. 服务；招待；服役; service n. 服务；服役；v. 为……服务; serviceable adj. 有用的；耐用的 英文:In some old novels, __________ often help their masters with housework.The waiter __________ customers with a smile.This hotel provides good __________ for visitors. This old bike is still __________ after years of use. 中文:在一些古老的小说里，仆人经常帮主人做家务。服务员微笑着为顾客服务。这家酒店为游客提供优质服务。这辆旧自行车用了好几年，仍然能用。 10. accident n. 意外；事故; accidental adj. 意外的；偶然的; accidentally adv. 意外地；偶然地 英文:He had a small __________ when he was riding his bike.Our meeting at the café was __________—we didn’t plan it. I __________ spilled coffee on my notebook. 中文:他骑自行车时发生了一场小意外。我们在咖啡馆的相遇是偶然的，没提前计划。我不小心把咖啡洒在了笔记本上。 11. sail v. （船）航行；乘船航行；n. 帆；sailor n. 水手；海员； sailing n. 航行；adj. 航行的（如 sailing boat 帆船） 英文:His grandfather used to be a __________ on a big ship. __________ is a popular sport in coastal cities. We rented a __________ boat to enjoy the sea view.We will __________to the small island this weekend. 中文: 他爷爷以前是一艘大船的水手。航行是沿海城市很受欢迎的运动。我们租了一艘帆船欣赏海景。这个周末我们会乘船去那个小岛。 12. spot vt. 看见；注意到；发现；n. 地点；斑点；污迹；spotted adj. 有斑点的；被发现的；spotless adj. 一尘不染的；无瑕疵的；spotlessly adv. 一尘不染地 英文:I __________ my old classmate in the crowded market. The cat has a __________ coat with black and white dots. Her bedroom is always __________—she cleans it every day. The table was wiped __________ before the guests came. 中文:我在拥挤的市场里看到了我的老同学。这只猫的毛有黑白斑点。她的卧室总是一尘不染，她每天都打扫。客人来之前，桌子被擦得一尘不染。 13. consulate n. 领事馆; consul n. 领事; consular adj. 领事的（如 consular service 领事服务 英文:He went to the British __________ to apply for a visa.The __________ helped the lost tourist find his way back. You need to provide __________ documents for this application. 中文:他去英国领事馆申请签证。领事帮迷路的游客找到了回去的路。这个申请需要你提供领事文件。. 14. mining n. 采矿；采矿业; mine v. 采矿；n. 矿；矿井; miner n. 矿工; mineral adj. 矿物的；n. 矿物（如 mineral water 矿泉水） 英文:The local economy depends a lot on __________. Workers mine coal in this deep __________. The __________ works hard underground every day. __________ water is healthier than some sugary drinks. 中文:当地经济很大程度上依赖采矿。工人们在这个深井里采煤。矿工每天在地下辛勤工作。矿泉水比一些含糖饮料更健康。 15. patience n. 耐心；忍耐力；毅力; patient adj. 有耐心的；n. 病人; patiently adv. 耐心地; impatient adj. 没耐心的；急躁的; impatiently adv. 没耐心地 英文:Learning to play the piano requires a lot of __________.The teacher is very __________with her students. He waited __________ for his mother outside the school. She gets __________ when the bus is late.He tapped his foot __________ while waiting. 中文:学弹钢琴需要很大的耐心。这位老师对学生很有耐心。他在学校外面耐心地等妈妈。公交车迟到时，她会变得没耐心。等待时，他不耐烦地跺着脚。 16. honest adj. 诚实的；坦率的; honesty n. 诚实；正直; honestly adv. 诚实地；坦率地; dishonest adj. 不诚实的; dishonesty n. 不诚实 英文:An __________ person never tells lies. __________ is an important quality for everyone. He spoke __________about his mistake. It’s wrong to be __________ with your parents. His __________ made his friends angry. 中文:诚实的人从不说谎。诚实是每个人重要的品质。他坦诚地谈论自己的错误。对父母不诚实是不对的。他的不诚实让朋友们很生气。 17. indicate vt. & vi. 表明；显示；象征；暗示; indication n. 指示；迹象；暗示; indicative adj. 指示的；象征的（如 indicative of 表明……); indicatively adv. 指示地；象征地 英文:The red light __________ that we must stop.There is no __________ that it will rain today. Her smile is __________ of her happiness. The data is presented __________ to show the trend. 中文:红灯表明我们必须停下。没有迹象表明今天会下雨。她的微笑表明她很开心。这些数据被用来指示性地展示趋势。 18. postpone vt. 延迟；延期；延缓; postponement n. 延迟；延期（如 the postponement of the meeting 会议延期） 英文:The sports meeting was __________ because of the rain.The __________ of the exam gave students more time to prepare. 中文:因为下雨，运动会被延期了。考试延期给了学生更多准备时间。 19. odd adj. 奇怪的；怪异的；反常的; oddly adv. 奇怪地；反常地（如 oddly enough 说来也怪）; oddness n. 奇怪；反常 英文: He has some _________ habits, like collecting old stamps. ________ enough, he arrived early today—he’s usually late. The __________ of his behavior made everyone confused. 中文:他有一些奇怪的习惯，比如收集旧邮票。说来也怪，他今天来得很早，他平时都迟到。说来也怪，他今天来得很早，他平时都迟到。他行为的怪异让所有人都很困惑。 20. obligation n. 义务；职责；责任; oblige v. 迫使；帮忙(如 oblige sb to do 迫使某人做); obligatory adj. 义务的；必修的(如 obligatory courses 必修课); obligingly adv. 热心地；乐意帮忙地 英文:The law __________ everyone to obey traffic rules. English is an __________ subject in middle school. He __________ helped me carry my heavy schoolbag. We have an __________ to help our parents with housework. 中文:法律迫使每个人遵守交通规则。英语是中学的必修课。他热心地帮我提沉重的书包。我们有义务帮父母做家务。 21. intention n. 打算；计划；意图；目的; intend v. 打算；计划（如 intend to do 打算做); intentional adj. 故意的；有意的； intentionally adv. 故意地; unintentional adj. 无意的; unintentionally adv. 无意地 英文:She has no __________ of giving up her dream of becoming a doctor.. I __________ to visit my grandparents this weekend. Was his mistake __________ or accidental?He didn’t break the cup __________.The mistake was __________—she didn’t mean to do it. She __________ took my pen home. 中文:她没有放弃当医生的梦想的打算。我打算这周末去看望祖父母。他的错误是故意的还是偶然的？他不是故意打碎杯子的。这个错误是无意的，她不是故意的。她不小心把我的笔带回家了。 22. case n. 情况；案例; casual adj. 随意的；偶然的（如 casual clothes 便装); casually adv. 随意地；偶然地; casualty n. 伤亡人员 英文:This is a special __________ that needs careful handling. He wears __________ clothes like T-shirts and jeans on weekends. We met __________ at a coffee shop last week. There were no __________ in the small fire. 中文:这是个需要谨慎处理的特殊情况。他周末穿T恤和牛仔裤这类便装。上周我们在咖啡馆偶然遇见。这场小火没有造成伤亡。. 23. extent n. 程度；限度；大小；范围; extend v. 延伸；扩展；延长（如 extend a deadline 延长截止日期); extension n. 延伸；扩展；延期（如 extension of time 延期); extensive adj. 广泛的；大量的（如 extensive reading 泛读); extensively adv. 广泛地 英文:I was surprised by the __________of his knowledge about animals.The school plans to __________ its playground next year. He asked for an __________ of the project deadline. She did __________ reading to improve her English. This book has been read __________ around the world. 中文:他对动物知识的广度让我很惊讶。学校计划明年扩建操场。他申请延长项目截止日期。她通过泛读来提高英语水平。这本书在全世界被广泛阅读。 24. opera n. 歌剧; operate v. 操作；运转；做手术（如 operate a machine 操作机器); operation n. 操作；手术；运转（如 operation room 手术室); operational adj. 可操作的；运转的; operator n. 操作员；接线员 英文:My parents went to watch an __________ at the theater last night.He can __________ this computer very well. The doctor will perform an __________ on her tomorrow. Is this new printer __________ now? The telephone __________ connected me to the right number. 中文:他能很好地操作这台电脑。医生明天要给她做手术。这台新打印机现在能正常使用吗？电话接线员帮我接通了正确的号码。 25. musical n. 音乐剧；adj. 音乐的; music n. 音乐; musician n. 音乐家; musically adv. 音乐上地 英文:I like listening to soft __________ when I study. Her sister is a famous __________ who plays the piano.He is __________ talented—he can sing and play the guitar.We watched a wonderful __________called The Lion King last month. 中文:我学习时喜欢听轻音乐。她姐姐是一位著名的钢琴家。他有音乐天赋，会唱歌还会弹吉他。上个月我们看了一部精彩的音乐剧《狮子王》。 26. pursue vt. 追求；致力于; pursuit n. 追求；职业（如 in pursuit of 追求……); pursuable adj. 可追求的;可实行的 英文He decided to __________ his dream of becoming a scientist. He is in __________ of happiness in his daily life. This goal is __________ if we work hard together. 中文: 他决定追求当科学家的梦想。他在日常生活中追求幸福。如果我们一起努力，这个目标是可以追求到的。 27. duty n. 责任；义务；职责；值班（短语“on duty”核心词）；dutiful adj. 尽职的；顺从的（如 a dutiful son 孝顺的儿子）；dutifully adv. 尽职地；顺从地 英文:It’s our __________ to keep our classroom clean. She is a __________ student who always finishes her homework on time. He __________ helped his teacher hand out the books. 中文:保持教室干净是我们的责任。她是个尽职的学生，总是按时完成作业。他尽职地帮老师发书本。 28. hesitate vi. 犹豫；迟疑；顾虑; hesitation n. 犹豫；迟疑（如 without hesitation 毫不犹豫; hesitant adj. 犹豫的；迟疑的（如 a hesitant voice 犹豫的声音; hesitantly adv. 犹豫地 英文:Don’t __________ to ask me for help if you have problems. She agreed to help without __________. He spoke in a __________ voice, not sure if he was right. She nodded __________ when asked to join the team. 中文:如果你有问题，别犹豫，找我帮忙。她毫不犹豫地答应帮忙。他用犹豫的声音说话，不确定自己是否正确。被邀请加入团队时，她犹豫地点了点头。 29. sequence vt. 按顺序排列；n. 顺序；一系列; sequential adj. 连续的；按顺序的（如 sequential order 顺序; sequentially adv. 连续地；按顺序地 英文: Please arrange these books in the right __________ according to their numbers.The tasks must be done in __________ order—you can’t skip any.The data is processed __________ by the computer. 中文:请按编号把这些书按正确顺序排列。这些任务必须按顺序做，不能跳过任何一个。电脑按顺序处理这些数据。 30. eventually adv. 最后；终于; eventual adj. 最终的；最后的（如 the eventual success 最终的成功; eventuality n. 可能发生的事；不测事件 英文:After practicing many times, she__________ passed the driving test. The __________ result was better than we expected.We should prepare for all possible __________, like rain. 中文:练习了很多次后，她终于通过了驾照考试。最终结果比我们预期的好。我们应该为所有可能发生的情况做准备，比如下雨。 31. tailor n. （男装）裁缝；vt. 专门制作；定做; tailored adj. 量身定制的;合身的（如 a tailored suit 定制西装） 英文:She went to the __________ to have a new coat made. He wore a __________ suit to the important meeting. 中文: 她去裁缝店定做了一件新外套。他穿了一套定制西装去参加重要会议。 32. manner n. 举止；行为方式；[pl.] 礼貌；礼仪; mannerly adj. 有礼貌的; adv. 有礼貌地; mannered adj. 有礼貌的；做作的 英文:You should have good __________ when talking to the elderly.The children are very __________—they always say “thank you”. She greeted us __________ at the door. His __________ way of speaking made others uncomfortable. 中文:和老人说话时，你应该有礼貌。这些孩子很有礼貌，总是说“谢谢”。她在门口有礼貌地迎接我们。他做作的说话方式让别人不舒服。 33. option n. 可选择的事物；选择；选择权; optional adj. 可选的；非强制的（如 optional courses 选修课; optionally adv. 可选地 英文:We have two __________: go to the park or stay at home. Art is an __________subject in our school—you can choose to take it or not. You can __________ add sugar to your coffee. 中文:我们有两个选择：去公园或待在家里。美术是我们学校的选修课，你可以选或不选。你可以选择给咖啡加糖。 34. broad adj. 宽阔的；广阔的；广泛的; broadly adv. 广泛地；大体上（如 broadly speaking 大体上说; breadth n. 宽度；广度（如 the breadth of the river 河的宽度） 英文:There is a __________ road in front of our school. __________ speaking, his idea is correct. The __________ of the river is about 50 meters. 中文:我们学校前面有一条宽阔的路。大体上说，他的想法是正确的。这条河的宽度约 是50米。 35. normal adj. 典型的；正常的；n. 常态；通常标准; normally adv. 通常；正常地; norm n. 标准；规范（如 social norms 社会规范; abnormal adj. 反常的；异常的; abnormally adv. 反常地；异常地; abnormality n. 反常；异常 英文:The temperature will return to __________ tomorrow.I __________ get up at 7 o’clock in the morning. Respecting others is a basic social __________. His __________ behavior worried his parents. The weather was __________ cold this winter. The doctor found an __________ in his test report. 中文:明天气温会恢复正常。我通常早上7点起床。尊重他人是基本的社会规范。他反常的行为让父母很担心。今年冬天天气异常寒冷。医生在他的检查报告中发现了异常。 36. willing adj. 愿意；乐意（短语“be willing to do sth”核心词）; willingly adv. 愿意地；乐意地; willingness n. 愿意；乐意（如 the willingness to help 助人的意愿); unwilling adj. 不愿意的；不乐意的; unwillingly adv. 不愿意地; unwillingness n. 不愿意 英文:She is __________ to help anyone who needs it. He __________ helped me carry my heavy bags. Her __________ to share made her popular with classmates. He was __________ to go to the party alone. She followed her parents __________ to the supermarket. His __________ to cooperate made the task difficult. 中文:她愿意帮助任何有需要的人。他乐意地帮我提沉重的包。她乐于分享的态度让她在同学中很受欢迎。他不愿意独自去参加派对。她不情愿地跟着父母去了超市。他不愿意合作，让任务变得困难。 37. element n. 要素；基本部分; elementary adj. 基本的；初级的（如 elementary school 小学); elementally adv. 基本地；初步地 英文:Water and air are important __________ for life. We learn __________ math in primary school. He explained the theory __________ so that children could understand. 中文:水和空气是生命的重要要素。我们在小学学习基础数学。他初步地解释了这个理论，让孩子们能听懂。 38. ambassador n. 大使；使节；代表; ambassadress n. 女大使；大使夫人; ambassadorial adj. 大使的；使节的（如 ambassadorial duties 大使职责） 英文:The Chinese __________ to France visited our school last week. The __________ attended the charity event on behalf of her country. He is responsible for __________ affairs in this department. 中文:中国驻法大使上周参观了我们学校。女大使代表她的国家参加了慈善活动。他在这个部门负责大使事务。 39. maintain vt. 维持；保持；维修；保养; maintenance n. 维护；保养；维持（如 car maintenance 汽车保养); maintainable adj. 可维持的；可维护的 英文:We need to __________ good relations with our neighbors.This car needs regular __________ to run well. This level of quality is __________ with proper management. 中文:我们需要和邻居维持良好关系。这辆车需要定期保养才能正常行驶。有了适当的管理，这个质量水平是可以维持的。 40. permission n. 准许；许可；批准；许可证; permit v. 允许；准许； n. 许可证; permissible adj. 可允许的（如 permissible limits 允许范围); permissibly adv. 可允许地; permissiveness n. 放任；纵容 英文:You must ask for the teacher’s __________ before leaving the classroom. The teacher __________ us to have a 10-minute break. You need a permit to park your car here. This kind of behavior is not __________ in class.Such actions cannot be done __________. Too much __________ is bad for children’s growth. 中文:离开教室前，你必须征求老师的许可。老师允许我们休息10分钟。你需要许可证才能在这里停车。这种行为在课堂上是不允许的。这类行为不可以被允许做。过多的放任对孩子的成长不利。 41. permit vt. & vi. 允许；准许；使有可能；n. 许可证; permission n. 准许；许可; permissible adj. 可允许的; permissibly adv. 可允许地; permissiveness n. 放任；纵容 英文:The rules do not __________ eating in the library. Did you ask for __________ to use this phone? Is it __________ to bring drinks into the cinema? He acted __________ under the school rules. Parents should avoid __________ towards their children. 中文:规定不允许在图书馆里吃东西。你得到使用这部手机的许可了吗？可以带饮料进电影院吗？他的行为在校规范围内是被允许的。父母应该避免对孩子放任。 42. saying n. 谚语；格言；警句; say v. 说；讲；n. 发言权 英文:There is a famous saying: “Where there is a will, there is a way.”She said she would come to the party with us. Everyone should have a say in this important decision. 中文:有句著名的谚语：“有志者事竟成。” 她说会和我们一起去参加派对。在这个重要的决定中，每个人都应该有发言权。 43. external adj. 外部的；外面的；外来的; externally adv. 在外部；从外面（如 externally applied 外用的); externality n. 外部性；外在性 英文:The company needs to deal with __________ challenges like competition. The house looks beautiful __________, but needs repair inside. The __________ of this factory affects the nearby farms. 中文:公司需要应对竞争等外部挑战。这房子从外面看很漂亮，但里面需要维修。这家工厂的外部性影响了附近的农场。 答案 1. basis n. 基础；根据；基点; basic adj. 基础的；基本的; basically adv. 基本上;从根本上说 英文: Trust is the basis of a good friendship. Basic math skills are necessary for shopping. Basically, you just need to finish your homework first. 中文：信任是良好友谊的基础。基础的数学技能对购物很有必要。基本上，你只需要先完成作业就行。 2. Plastic n. 塑料；adj. 塑料制的；塑料的； plastically adv. 呈塑料状地；可塑地 英文:This bag is made of plastic, so it’s not easy to break. The soft material can be pressed plastically into different shapes. 中文: 这个袋子是塑料做的，不容易破。这种软材料能被按压成可塑状，变成不同形状。 3. Apologize vi. 道歉；谢罪；apology n. 道歉；歉意；apologetic adj. 道歉的；愧疚的； apologetically adv. 抱歉地；愧疚地 英文:You should apologize to your friend if you forgot her birthday.She gave me a letter of apology for her mistake. He had an apologetic look when he arrived late. She smiled apologetically and said she would correct the error. 中文:她为自己的错误给了我一封道歉信。他迟到时，脸上带着愧疚的表情。她抱歉地笑了笑，说会改正错误。如果你忘了朋友的生日，应该向她道歉。 4. ignore vt. 忽视；对……不予理会；ignorance n. 无知；忽视；ignorant adj. 无知的；忽视的； ignorantly adv. 无知地；忽视地 英文:Don’t ignore the teacher’s advice—it will help you.His ignorance of traffic rules led to the accident. She was ignorant of the fact that the shop was closed. He ignorantly thought the task was easy, but it was hard. 中文:别忽视老师的建议，它会帮到你。他对交通规则的无知导致了这场事故。她不知道这家店已经关门了。他无知地认为这个任务很简单，其实很难。 5. return v. 返回；归还；n. 返回；归还；returnable adj. 可退还的；可返回的； returner n. 回归者；返程者 英文:You must return the library book before the due date. These bottles are returnable—you can get your deposit back. The returner was tired after a long trip from abroad. 中文:你必须在到期日前把图书馆的书还回去。这些瓶子是可退还的，你能拿回押金。这位从国外返程的人，长途旅行后很疲惫。 6. judge vt. & vi. 评价；评判；判断；n. 法官；审判员；裁判员；judgement n. 判断；判决；看法； judicial adj. 司法的；公正的；judicially adv. 司法上；公正地 英文：It’s unfair to judge a person only by his looks. Her judgement about which book to read was good. The case will go through judicial procedures. The teacher dealt with the dispute judicially. 中文:只凭外表评判一个人是不公平的。她对读哪本书的判断很准。这个案件会走司法程序。老师公正地处理了这场纠纷。 7. scene n. （戏剧或歌剧的）场；现场；场面; scenic adj. 风景优美的；舞台的scenically adv. 风景优美地 英文:The police quickly arrived at the scene of the car accident.We took a bus along the scenic mountain road.This village is scenically one of the most beautiful in the area. 中文: 警察很快赶到了车祸现场。我们乘公交车沿着风景优美的山路走。这个村庄在风景上是该地区最漂亮的之一。 8. narrator n. 叙述者；讲述者；幕后解说员；narration n. 叙述；讲述；解说; narrate v. 叙述；讲述； narrative adj. 叙事的；n. 叙事；故事； narratively adv. 叙事性地 英文: She narrated her childhood stories to the children. This novel has a very moving narrative.The film is structured narratively to attract viewers.The narrator of the documentary has a clear and warm voice.The narration of the story made everyone feel touched. 中文:这本小说有一个非常感人的叙事故事。这部电影在叙事结构上设计得很吸引观众。这部纪录片的解说员声音清晰又温暖。这个故事的讲述让所有人都很感动。 9. servant n. 仆人；用人; serve v. 服务；招待；服役; service n. 服务；服役；v. 为……服务; serviceable adj. 有用的；耐用的 英文:In some old novels, servants often help their masters with housework.The waiter serves customers with a smile.This hotel provides good service for visitors. This old bike is still serviceable after years of use. 中文:在一些古老的小说里，仆人经常帮主人做家务。服务员微笑着为顾客服务。这家酒店为游客提供优质服务。这辆旧自行车用了好几年，仍然能用。 10. accident n. 意外；事故; accidental adj. 意外的；偶然的; accidentally adv. 意外地；偶然地 英文:He had a small accident when he was riding his bike.Our meeting at the café was accidental—we didn’t plan it. I accidentally spilled coffee on my notebook. 中文:他骑自行车时发生了一场小意外。我们在咖啡馆的相遇是偶然的，没提前计划。我不小心把咖啡洒在了笔记本上。 11. sail v. （船）航行；乘船航行；n. 帆；sailor n. 水手；海员； sailing n. 航行；adj. 航行的（如 sailing boat 帆船） 英文:His grandfather used to be a sailor on a big ship. Sailing is a popular sport in coastal cities. We rented a sailing boat to enjoy the sea view.We will sail to the small island this weekend. 中文: 他爷爷以前是一艘大船的水手。航行是沿海城市很受欢迎的运动。我们租了一艘帆船欣赏海景。这个周末我们会乘船去那个小岛。 12. spot vt. 看见；注意到；发现；n. 地点；斑点；污迹；spotted adj. 有斑点的；被发现的；spotless adj. 一尘不染的；无瑕疵的；spotlessly adv. 一尘不染地 英文:I spotted my old classmate in the crowded market. The cat has a spotted coat with black and white dots. Her bedroom is always spotless—she cleans it every day. The table was wiped spotlessly before the guests came. 中文:我在拥挤的市场里看到了我的老同学。这只猫的毛有黑白斑点。她的卧室总是一尘不染，她每天都打扫。客人来之前，桌子被擦得一尘不染。 13. consulate n. 领事馆; consul n. 领事; consular adj. 领事的（如 consular service 领事服务 英文:He went to the British consulate to apply for a visa.The consul helped the lost tourist find his way back. You need to provide consular documents for this application. 中文:他去英国领事馆申请签证。领事帮迷路的游客找到了回去的路。这个申请需要你提供领事文件。. 14. mining n. 采矿；采矿业; mine v. 采矿；n. 矿；矿井; miner n. 矿工; mineral adj. 矿物的；n. 矿物（如 mineral water 矿泉水） 英文:The local economy depends a lot on mining. Workers mine coal in this deep mine. The miner works hard underground every day. Mineral water is healthier than some sugary drinks. 中文:当地经济很大程度上依赖采矿。工人们在这个深井里采煤。矿工每天在地下辛勤工作。矿泉水比一些含糖饮料更健康。 15. patience n. 耐心；忍耐力；毅力; patient adj. 有耐心的；n. 病人; patiently adv. 耐心地; impatient adj. 没耐心的；急躁的; impatiently adv. 没耐心地 英文:Learning to play the piano requires a lot of patience.The teacher is very patient with her students. He waited patiently for his mother outside the school. She gets impatient when the bus is late. He tapped his foot impatiently while waiting. 中文:学弹钢琴需要很大的耐心。这位老师对学生很有耐心。他在学校外面耐心地等妈妈。公交车迟到时，她会变得没耐心。等待时，他不耐烦地跺着脚。 16. honest adj. 诚实的；坦率的; honesty n. 诚实；正直; honestly adv. 诚实地；坦率地; dishonest adj. 不诚实的; dishonesty n. 不诚实 英文:An honest person never tells lies. Honesty is an important quality for everyone. He spoke honestly about his mistake. It’s wrong to be dishonest with your parents. His dishonesty made his friends angry. 中文:诚实的人从不说谎。诚实是每个人重要的品质。他坦诚地谈论自己的错误。对父母不诚实是不对的。他的不诚实让朋友们很生气。 17. indicate vt. & vi. 表明；显示；象征；暗示; indication n. 指示；迹象；暗示; indicative adj. 指示的；象征的（如 indicative of 表明……); indicatively adv. 指示地；象征地 英文:The red light indicates that we must stop.There is no indication that it will rain today. Her smile is indicative of her happiness. The data is presented indicatively to show the trend. 中文:红灯表明我们必须停下。没有迹象表明今天会下雨。她的微笑表明她很开心。这些数据被用来指示性地展示趋势。 18. postpone vt. 延迟；延期；延缓; postponement n. 延迟；延期（如 the postponement of the meeting 会议延期） 英文:The sports meeting was postponed because of the rain.The postponement of the exam gave students more time to prepare. 中文:因为下雨，运动会被延期了。考试延期给了学生更多准备时间。 19. odd adj. 奇怪的；怪异的；反常的; oddly adv. 奇怪地；反常地（如 oddly enough 说来也怪）; oddness n. 奇怪；反常 英文: He has some add habits, like collecting old stamps. oddly enough, he arrived early today—he’s usually late. The oddness of his behavior made everyone confused. 中文:他有一些奇怪的习惯，比如收集旧邮票。说来也怪，他今天来得很早，他平时都迟到。说来也怪，他今天来得很早，他平时都迟到。他行为的怪异让所有人都很困惑。 20. obligation n. 义务；职责；责任; oblige v. 迫使；帮忙(如 oblige sb to do 迫使某人做); obligatory adj. 义务的；必修的(如 obligatory courses 必修课); obligingly adv. 热心地；乐意帮忙地 英文:The law obliges everyone to obey traffic rules. English is an obligatory subject in middle school. He obligingly helped me carry my heavy schoolbag. We have an obligation to help our parents with housework. 中文:法律迫使每个人遵守交通规则。英语是中学的必修课。他热心地帮我提沉重的书包。我们有义务帮父母做家务。 21. intention n. 打算；计划；意图；目的; intend v. 打算；计划（如 intend to do 打算做); intentional adj. 故意的；有意的； intentionally adv. 故意地; unintentional adj. 无意的; unintentionally adv. 无意地 英文:She has no intention of giving up her dream of becoming a doctor.. I intend to visit my grandparents this weekend. Was his mistake intentional or accidental?He didn’t break the cup intentionally. The mistake was unintentional—she didn’t mean to do it. She unintentionally took my pen home. 中文:她没有放弃当医生的梦想的打算。我打算这周末去看望祖父母。他的错误是故意的还是偶然的？他不是故意打碎杯子的。这个错误是无意的，她不是故意的。她不小心把我的笔带回家了。 22. case n. 情况；案例; casual adj. 随意的；偶然的（如 casual clothes 便装); casually adv. 随意地；偶然地; casualty n. 伤亡人员 英文:This is a special case that needs careful handling. He wears casual clothes like T-shirts and jeans on weekends. We met casually at a coffee shop last week. There were no casualties in the small fire. 中文:这是个需要谨慎处理的特殊情况。他周末穿T恤和牛仔裤这类便装。上周我们在咖啡馆偶然遇见。这场小火没有造成伤亡。. 23. extent n. 程度；限度；大小；范围; extend v. 延伸；扩展；延长（如 extend a deadline 延长截止日期); extension n. 延伸；扩展；延期（如 extension of time 延期); extensive adj. 广泛的；大量的（如 extensive reading 泛读); extensively adv. 广泛地 英文:I was surprised by the extent of his knowledge about animals.The school plans to _extend its playground next year. He asked for an extension of the project deadline. She did extensive reading to improve her English. This book has been read extensively around the world. 中文:他对动物知识的广度让我很惊讶。学校计划明年扩建操场。他申请延长项目截止日期。她通过泛读来提高英语水平。这本书在全世界被广泛阅读。 24. opera n. 歌剧; operate v. 操作；运转；做手术（如 operate a machine 操作机器); operation n. 操作；手术；运转（如 operation room 手术室); operational adj. 可操作的；运转的; operator n. 操作员；接线员 英文:My parents went to watch an opera at the theater last night.He can operate this computer very well. The doctor will perform an operation on her tomorrow. Is this new printer operational now? The telephone operator connected me to the right number. 中文:我父母昨晚去剧院看歌剧了。他能很好地操作这台电脑。医生明天要给她做手术。这台新打印机现在能正常使用吗？电话接线员帮我接通了正确的号码。 25. musical n. 音乐剧；adj. 音乐的; music n. 音乐; musician n. 音乐家; musically adv. 音乐上地 英文:I like listening to soft music when I study. Her sister is a famous musician who plays the piano.He is musically talented—he can sing and play the guitar.We watched a wonderful musical called The Lion King last month. 中文:我学习时喜欢听轻音乐。她姐姐是一位著名的钢琴家。他有音乐天赋，会唱歌还会弹吉他。上个月我们看了一部精彩的音乐剧《狮子王》。 26. pursue vt. 追求；致力于; pursuit n. 追求；职业（如 in pursuit of 追求……); pursuable adj. 可追求的;可实行的 英文He decided to pursue his dream of becoming a scientist. He is in pursuit of happiness in his daily life. This goal is pursuable if we work hard together. 中文: 他决定追求当科学家的梦想。他在日常生活中追求幸福。如果我们一起努力，这个目标是可以追求到的。 27. duty n. 责任；义务；职责；值班（短语“on duty”核心词）；dutiful adj. 尽职的；顺从的（如 a dutiful son 孝顺的儿子）；dutifully adv. 尽职地；顺从地 英文:It’s our duty to keep our classroom clean. She is a dutiful student who always finishes her homework on time. He dutifully helped his teacher hand out the books. 中文:保持教室干净是我们的责任。她是个尽职的学生，总是按时完成作业。他尽职地帮老师发书本。 28. hesitate vi. 犹豫；迟疑；顾虑; hesitation n. 犹豫；迟疑（如 without hesitation 毫不犹豫; hesitant adj. 犹豫的；迟疑的（如 a hesitant voice 犹豫的声音; hesitantly adv. 犹豫地 英文:Don’t hesitate to ask me for help if you have problems. She agreed to help without hesitation. He spoke in a hesitant voice, not sure if he was right. She nodded hesitantly when asked to join the team. 中文:如果你有问题，别犹豫，找我帮忙。她毫不犹豫地答应帮忙。他用犹豫的声音说话，不确定自己是否正确。被邀请加入团队时，她犹豫地点了点头。 29. sequence vt. 按顺序排列；n. 顺序；一系列; sequential adj. 连续的；按顺序的（如 sequential order 顺序; sequentially adv. 连续地；按顺序地 英文: Please arrange these books in the right sequence according to their numbers.The tasks must be done in sequential order—you can’t skip any.The data is processed sequentially by the computer. 中文:请按编号把这些书按正确顺序排列。这些任务必须按顺序做，不能跳过任何一个。电脑按顺序处理这些数据。 30. eventually adv. 最后；终于; eventual adj. 最终的；最后的（如 the eventual success 最终的成功; eventuality n. 可能发生的事；不测事件 英文:After practicing many times, she eventually passed the driving test. The eventual result was better than we expected.We should prepare for all possible eventualities, like rain. 中文:练习了很多次后，她终于通过了驾照考试。最终结果比我们预期的好。我们应该为所有可能发生的情况做准备，比如下雨。 31. tailor n. （男装）裁缝；vt. 专门制作；定做; tailored adj. 量身定制的;合身的（如 a tailored suit 定制西装） 英文:She went to the tailor to have a new coat made. He wore a tailored suit to the important meeting. 中文: 她去裁缝店定做了一件新外套。他穿了一套定制西装去参加重要会议。 32. manner n. 举止；行为方式；[pl.] 礼貌；礼仪; mannerly adj. 有礼貌的; adv. 有礼貌地; mannered adj. 有礼貌的；做作的 英文:You should have good manners when talking to the elderly.The children are very mannerly—they always say “thank you”. She greeted us mannerly at the door. His mannered way of speaking made others uncomfortable. 中文:和老人说话时，你应该有礼貌。这些孩子很有礼貌，总是说“谢谢”。她在门口有礼貌地迎接我们。他做作的说话方式让别人不舒服。 33. option n. 可选择的事物；选择；选择权; optional adj. 可选的；非强制的（如 optional courses 选修课; optionally adv. 可选地 英文:We have two options: go to the park or stay at home. Art is an optional subject in our school—you can choose to take it or not. You can optionally add sugar to your coffee. 中文:我们有两个选择：去公园或待在家里。美术是我们学校的选修课，你可以选或不选。你可以选择给咖啡加糖。 34. broad adj. 宽阔的；广阔的；广泛的; broadly adv. 广泛地；大体上（如 broadly speaking 大体上说; breadth n. 宽度；广度（如 the breadth of the river 河的宽度） 英文:There is a broad road in front of our school. broadly speaking, his idea is correct. The breadth of the river is about 50 meters. 中文:我们学校前面有一条宽阔的路。大体上说，他的想法是正确的。这条河的宽度约 是50米。 35. normal adj. 典型的；正常的；n. 常态；通常标准; normally adv. 通常；正常地; norm n. 标准；规范（如 social norms 社会规范; abnormal adj. 反常的；异常的; abnormally adv. 反常地；异常地; abnormality n. 反常；异常 英文:The temperature will return to normal tomorrow.I normally get up at 7 o’clock in the morning. Respecting others is a basic social norm. His abnormal behavior worried his parents. The weather was abnormally cold this winter. The doctor found an abnormality in his test report. 中文:明天气温会恢复正常。我通常早上7点起床。尊重他人是基本的社会规范。他反常的行为让父母很担心。今年冬天天气异常寒冷。医生在他的检查报告中发现了异常。 36. willing adj. 愿意；乐意（短语“be willing to do sth”核心词）; willingly adv. 愿意地；乐意地; willingness n. 愿意；乐意（如 the willingness to help 助人的意愿); unwilling adj. 不愿意的；不乐意的; unwillingly adv. 不愿意地; unwillingness n. 不愿意 英文:She is willing to help anyone who needs it. He willingly helped me carry my heavy bags. Her willingness to share made her popular with classmates. He was unwilling to go to the party alone. She followed her parents unwillingly to the supermarket. His unwillingness to cooperate made the task difficult. 中文:她愿意帮助任何有需要的人。他乐意地帮我提沉重的包。她乐于分享的态度让她在同学中很受欢迎。他不愿意独自去参加派对。她不情愿地跟着父母去了超市。他不愿意合作，让任务变得困难。 37. element n. 要素；基本部分; elementary adj. 基本的；初级的（如 elementary school 小学); elementally adv. 基本地；初步地 英文:Water and air are important elements for life. We learn elementary math in primary school. He explained the theory elementally so that children could understand. 中文:水和空气是生命的重要要素。我们在小学学习基础数学。他初步地解释了这个理论，让孩子们能听懂。 38. ambassador n. 大使；使节；代表; ambassadress n. 女大使；大使夫人; ambassadorial adj. 大使的；使节的（如 ambassadorial duties 大使职责） 英文:The Chinese ambassador to France visited our school last week. The ambassadress attended the charity event on behalf of her country. He is responsible for ambassadorial affairs in this department. 中文:中国驻法大使上周参观了我们学校。女大使代表她的国家参加了慈善活动。他在这个部门负责大使事务。 39. maintain vt. 维持；保持；维修；保养; maintenance n. 维护；保养；维持（如 car maintenance 汽车保养); maintainable adj. 可维持的；可维护的 英文:We need to maintain good relations with our neighbors.This car needs regular maintenance to run well. This level of quality is maintainable with proper management. 中文:我们需要和邻居维持良好关系。这辆车需要定期保养才能正常行驶。有了适当的管理，这个质量水平是可以维持的。 40. permission n. 准许；许可；批准；许可证; permit v. 允许；准许； n. 许可证; permissible adj. 可允许的（如 permissible limits 允许范围); permissibly adv. 可允许地; permissiveness n. 放任；纵容 英文:You must ask for the teacher’s permission before leaving the classroom. The teacher permitted us to have a 10-minute break. You need a permit to park your car here. This kind of behavior is not permissible in class.Such actions cannot be done permissibly. Too much permissiveness is bad for children’s growth. 中文:离开教室前，你必须征求老师的许可。老师允许我们休息10分钟。你需要许可证才能在这里停车。这种行为在课堂上是不允许的。这类行为不可以被允许做。过多的放任对孩子的成长不利。 41. permit vt. & vi. 允许；准许；使有可能；n. 许可证; permission n. 准许；许可; permissible adj. 可允许的; permissibly adv. 可允许地; permissiveness n. 放任；纵容 英文:The rules do not permit eating in the library. Did you ask for permission to use this phone? Is it permissive to bring drinks into the cinema? He acted permissibly under the school rules. Parents should avoid permission towards their children. 中文:规定不允许在图书馆里吃东西。你得到使用这部手机的许可了吗？可以带饮料进电影院吗？他的行为在校规范围内是被允许的。父母应该避免对孩子放任。 42. saying n. 谚语；格言；警句; say v. 说；讲；n. 发言权 英文:There is a famous saying: “Where there is a will, there is a way.”She said she would come to the party with us. Everyone should have a say in this important decision. 中文:有句著名的谚语：“有志者事竟成。” 她说会和我们一起去参加派对。在这个重要的决定中，每个人都应该有发言权。 43. external adj. 外部的；外面的；外来的; externally adv. 在外部；从外面（如 externally applied 外用的); externality n. 外部性；外在性 英文:The company needs to deal with external challenges like competition. The house looks beautiful externally, but needs repair inside. The externality of this factory affects the nearby farms. 中文:公司需要应对竞争等外部挑战。这房子从外面看很漂亮，但里面需要维修。这家工厂的外部性影响了附近的农场。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $