2026届高考英语课标重点高频短语解析及检测题6

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了101至120组高频短语，按主题分类整合核心短语、关键用法及典型例句，通过对比辨析（如knock down与knock over的用法差异）和例句示范，引导学生自主归纳短语搭配规则与语境应用，构建结构化的短语知识网络。 亮点在于分层诊断与任务驱动设计，如易错点突破练习中的介词搭配填空和翻译句子，帮助学生自主检测薄弱环节，综合检测题的短文填空任务则强化短语在语篇中的运用，培养语言能力和学习能力。教师可通过学生答题情况精准定位复习重点，支持个性化辅导，提升备考实效。

2026高考英语重点高频短语解析及检测题1 一、高频短语精讲与精练 101. knock相关短语 ✰ 核心短语： knock at/on…敲……； knock down 撞倒； knock into…撞在……上； knock over 撞倒；打翻 ✰ 关键用法 ① knock down侧重“撞倒人/物”，knock over除“撞倒”外，还可表示“打翻容器/液体”； ② 均为及物动词短语，可用于被动语态。 ✰ 例句 ① She knocked at the door but nobody answered.（她敲了门，但没人回应。） ② A truck knocked down a tree on the road yesterday.（昨天一辆卡车撞倒了路上的一棵树。） 102. lay down放下 ✰ 关键用法 ① 表示“放下”，为及物短语； ② 注意lay的过去式/过去分词为laid/laid，易与lie（躺，过去式/过去分词为lay/lain）混淆。 ✰ 例句 He laid down his work and had a cup of tea.（他放下工作，喝了杯茶。） 103. lay stress on 强调；着重于 ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定搭配，同义短语为put stress on / lay emphasis on； ② on为介词，后接名词/动名词。 ✰ 例句 Parents always lay stress on the importance of education for children.（父母总是强调教育对孩子的重要性。） 104. lead to (doing) 导致 ✰ 关键用法 ① to为介词，后接名词/代词/动名词； ② 同义短语为result in，高考常考因果关系语境。 ✰ 例句 His bad habits led to failing the exam.（他的坏习惯导致了考试不及格。） 105. leave behind把……丢在后面 ✰ 补充短语：leave out 遗漏；不包括；leave aside 暂不考虑，搁置一边；leave for 出发去某地；leave alone 不理，不干涉 ✰ 关键用法 ① leave behind可表“遗留；丢下”，也可用于抽象含义“把……抛在身后”； ② leave for后接地点，表“前往某地”。 ✰ 例句 ① Don’t leave your bag behind on the bus.（别把你的包遗落在公交车上。） ② We will leave for Beijing tomorrow morning.（我们明天早上出发去北京。） 106. let相关短语 ✰ 核心短语： let alone 更不用说； let sb down 使某人失望；辜负某人； let out 发出；加宽（衣服） ✰ 关键用法 ① let down为及物短语，代词作宾语时需放在down前（如let him down）； ② let out后可接声音、气体等，也可表示“放宽衣物”。 ✰ 例句 ① I don’t want to let my parents down.（我不想让父母失望。） ② She let out a scream when she saw the snake.（她看到蛇时发出了一声尖叫。） 107. live相关短语 ✰ 核心短语： live by 靠……过活； live on 继续活着；以食……为生； live through 经历……而幸存 ✰ 关键用法 ① live through后接艰难的经历（如战争、灾难）； ② live on后接食物，或表“靠……生活”时接income/money等。 ✰ 例句 ① He lives by writing novels.（他靠写小说为生。） ② She lived through the earthquake and cherishes life more.（她经历地震幸存下来，更加珍惜生命。） 108. live/lead a…life 过……的生活 ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定搭配，中间加形容词修饰life（如live a happy life / lead a simple life）； ② live和lead可互换使用。 ✰ 例句 They lead a peaceful life in the countryside.（他们在乡下过着平静的生活。） 109. look相关短语 ✰ 核心短语： look on 旁观； look on/upon…as 把……看作/视为； look around/round 四下环顾； look after 照顾； look back on 回忆，回顾； look down on/upon 轻视；看不起； look into 审查；调查； look out 当心；留神；提防； look through 浏览；快速查看； look up 抬头看；（在词典等里）查阅； look up to 尊敬；钦佩； look over 查看，检查 ✰ 关键用法 ① look down on/upon为贬义短语，look up to为褒义短语，二者互为反义； ② look into多表示官方/正式的调查，look through侧重“快速浏览”。 ✰ 例句 ① We shouldn’t look down on people who do ordinary jobs.（我们不该轻视做普通工作的人。） ② The police are looking into the cause of the accident.（警方正在调查事故原因。） 110. lose sight of 看不见；忽略 ✰ 关键用法 ① 可表示具体的“看不见”，也可表示抽象的“忽略、忘记”； ② 后接名词/代词/从句。 ✰ 例句 In the busy life, we often lose sight of our original dreams.（在忙碌的生活中，我们常常忽略最初的梦想。） 111. lose oneself in 专心于；全神贯注于 ✰ 关键用法 ① oneself需根据主语人称变化（lose himself/herself/ourselves in）； ② 同义短语为be absorbed in / focus on。 ✰ 例句 She lost herself in painting and forgot the time.（她沉浸在绘画中，忘记了时间。） 112. lose相关短语 ✰ 核心短语： lose control of 对……失去控制；无法控制住……； lose track of… 不了解……的动态；与……失去联系； lose heart 灰心； lose touch with… 与……失去联系 ✰ 关键用法 ① lose control of后接人/物/情绪，lose heart为不及物短语，无宾语； ② lose track of与lose touch with均可表“失去联系”，前者还可表示“忘记时间/进度”。 ✰ 例句 ① He lost control of his temper and shouted at others.（他控制不住脾气，对别人大喊大叫。） ② Don’t lose heart even if you fail many times.（即使失败多次，也不要灰心。） 113. make相关短语 ✰ 核心短语： make out 理解；（勉强）辨认出； make up 构成，组成；编造；化妆； make up for 弥补 ✰ 关键用法 ① make out后接what/whom引导的从句，侧重“勉强看清/听懂”； ② make up for后接损失、过错等，表“弥补”。 ✰ 例句 ① I couldn’t make out what he was saying in the noisy room.（在嘈杂的房间里，我听不清他在说什么。） ② You should make up for the time you wasted.（你应该弥补浪费的时间。） 114. make the most/best of 充分利用 ✰ 关键用法 ① make the most of = make the best of，均为固定短语； ② 后接时间/机会等，同义表达为take full advantage of。 ✰ 例句 We should make the best of every chance to practice English.（我们应该充分利用每个机会练习英语。） 115. make sense 讲得通；有道理；合乎情理 ✰ 关键用法 ① 常用句式make sense (of sth)，否定式为make no sense； ② 主语多为观点、解释、话语等。 ✰ 例句 His explanation doesn’t make sense at all.（他的解释完全讲不通。） 116. make相关短语 ✰ 核心短语： make a difference 有影响；有重要作用； make a fool of 愚弄； make fun of… 取笑；拿……开玩笑； make a breakthrough 取得重大突破/进展； make a fortune 发财，赚钱； make a living 谋生； make a promise 答应，许下诺言； make an apology to sb 向某人道歉； make an appointment with… 与……约会/预约；make ends meet 量入为出；使收支相抵；make for 走向；促成；make it 成功；做成某事；达到目的；make it to 成功抵达； make one’s way to/towards 前往，到……去； make up one’s mind 下定决心，打定主意； make way for 给……让路，让位于…… ✰ 关键用法 ① make a difference常用句式make a big/great difference to sth（对……产生重大影响）； ② make fun of为贬义短语，同义短语为laugh at； ③ make an apology to sb = apologize to sb；make ends meet为固定习语，高考常考于完形填空； ④ make way for为及物短语，意为“给……让路”，后接被让位的对象，不可省略for； ⑤ make it to后接地点，表“成功到达某地”，高考常考“抵达目的地”语境。 ✰ 例句 ① Your kind help makes a big difference to me.（你善意的帮助对我来说意义重大。） ② It’s impolite to make fun of others’ shortcomings.（取笑别人的缺点是不礼貌的。） ③ Cars should make way for ambulances in emergency situations.（紧急情况下，车辆应为救护车让路。） ④ She finally made it to the top of the mountain after hours of climbing.（经过数小时的攀登，她终于成功登上了山顶。） 117. make an effort/every effort/all efforts to do sth 努力做某事 ✰ 关键用法 ① effort后接动词不定式，常用句式make every effort to do sth（竭尽全力做某事）； ② 同义短语为spare no effort to do sth。 ✰ 例句 She made all efforts to pass the college entrance examination.（她竭尽全力通过高考。） 118. make sure 查明；确保 ✰ 关键用法 ① 常用句式make sure (that)… / make sure to do sth； ② 从句多用一般现在时表将来。 ✰ 例句 Make sure to lock the door before you leave.（离开前一定要锁门。） 119.may/might as well (do) 还是（做）……好，倒不如（做）…… ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定句式，语气比had better更委婉； ② 后接动词原形。 ✰ 例句 We may as well start early to avoid traffic jams.（我们倒不如早点出发，避免交通堵塞。） 120. mistake…for… 把……错当成…… ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定搭配，被动形式为be mistaken for（被错当成）； ② 高考常考于完形填空和改错题型。 ✰ 例句 People often mistake her for her twin sister.（人们经常把她错当成她的双胞胎姐姐。） 二、易错点突破练习 1. 用括号内短语的正确形式填空（注意介词搭配） ① The strong wind knocked ______ several trees, blocking the road. (down) ② The teacher laid stress ______ the importance of reviewing these phrases. (on) ③ His laziness led ______ his failure in the English test. (to) ④ She was so careless that she left her textbook ______ in the classroom. (behind) ⑤ Don’t let your parents ______; they have high hopes for you. (down) ⑥ The old man lived ______ the war and shared his experience with us. (through) ⑦ He looked ______ on those who depend on others for a living. (down) ⑧ She lost ______ in the music and didn’t notice the bell ring. (herself) ⑨ The boy lost ______ of his bicycle and it ran into the street. (control) ⑩ We should make ______ of every minute to improve our English. (the most) 2. 翻译句子（注意短语的准确运用） ① 他因为失信向朋友道歉了。（make an apology to）   ————————————————————————————————— ② 我们应该充分利用这次机会来提升自己。（make the most of）   ————————————————————————————————— ③ 不要轻视任何一份平凡的工作，它们都很有意义。（look down on; make sense）   ————————————————————————————————— ④ 他经历了很多困难才成功，这对他的人生产生了重大影响。（live through; make a difference） ————————————————————————————————— ⑤ 我们倒不如现在就动身，否则会错过末班车。（may as well）   ————————————————————————————————— 三、综合检测题 （一）单项选择（每题2分，共10分） 1. A car suddenly stopped and I ______ it, hurting my knee badly. A. knocked down B. knocked into C. knocked on D. knocked over 2. It’s impolite to ______ the disabled; instead, we should respect and help them. A. look down on B. look up to C. look into D. look through 3. After hours of discussion, the two sides finally ______ the time and place of the meeting. A. made sense B. made up their minds C. agreed on D. let alone 4. She ______ in the book and didn’t hear what her mother was saying. A. lost heart B. lost control C. lost herself D. lost track 5. You should ______ that nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it. A. bear in mind B. make sure C. take care D. look out ✰ 考点解析：bear in mind 为固定短语，后可直接接 that 从句；若用 keep，需改为 keep it in mind that（it 作形式宾语），因此选项 C 不符合句式要求。 （二）语法填空（每题2分，共10分） 1. The heavy rain made ______ impossible for us to go camping, which really let us ______. 2. He made an apology ______ his teacher for being late, explaining that he had lost track ______ the time. 3. The police are looking ______ the case, and they will make ______ the truth soon. 4. We may as well start now, otherwise we won’t make ______ to the airport on time. 5. She was mistaken ______ her sister, because they look so similar to each other. ✰ 考点解析：be mistaken for 为固定搭配，意为“被误认为”。 （三）短文填空（每题3分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，用方框内短语的适当形式填空（有两项多余）。 knock down, lay stress on, lead to, leave behind, let down, live through, look down on, lose oneself, make the most of, make a difference, make sense, may as well, make it to Last summer, I joined a volunteer program in the countryside. Before leaving, my parents told me not to ______① them and to ______② every chance to learn. The trip was tough but meaningful. We taught the kids English and ______③ the importance of education. One day, a strong wind ______④ a tree near the school. We worked together to clear the road, and this experience ______⑤ to a closer relationship between us. Some of the kids said they wanted to ______⑥ college and change their hometown. I was deeply moved, realizing that small efforts can ______⑦. When I came back, I found I had ______⑧ my notebook in the village. I ______⑨ go back to get it next month, because I also want to see the kids again. This trip taught me that we shouldn’t ______⑩ rural life; instead, we should appreciate its simplicity and beauty. 参考答案 （一）易错点突破练习 1. ① down ② on ③ to ④ behind ⑤ down ⑥ through ⑦ down ⑧ herself ⑨ control ⑩ the most 2. ① He made an apology to his friend for breaking his promise. ② We should make the most of this chance to improve ourselves. ③ Don’t look down on any ordinary job; they all make sense. ④ He lived through many difficulties to succeed, which made a big difference to his life. ⑤ We may as well set off now, or we will miss the last bus. （二）综合检测题答案 1. 单项选择：1-5 BACCA 2. 语法填空：1. it; down 2. to; of 3. into; out 4. it 5. for 3. 短文填空：① let down ② make the most of ③ laid stress on ④ knocked down ⑤ led ⑥ make it to ⑦ make a difference ⑧ left behind ⑨ may as well ⑩ look down on 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $