Unit 5 Play by the rules_Understanding ideas①课件 2025-2026学年外研版八年级英语上册

该初中英语课件聚焦“用鱼骨图分析故事因果关系”核心知识点，通过复习规则、故事回顾导入，从识别结果到分析原因、分类细节，构建阶梯式学习支架，帮助学生逐步掌握因果关系分析方法。 其亮点是以鱼骨图为可视化工具，通过“找结果-析原因-分类别-记细节”四步活动（如分析故事中不良行为与作者反应），培养学生分析、分类的思维品质，提升主动运用策略的学习能力，强化规则意识的文化意识。学生能掌握结构化分析方法，教师可依托清晰步骤高效教学。

Unit 5 Understanding ideas ① Rules Reading with a fishbone diagram 1 Review 2 What do you learn from the story? We should stand up to bad behaviours. The writer took a deep breath, stood up and cleared his throat… Review Why did he stand up to bad behavious at last? took a deep breath, stood up, cleared his throat… ? Review A girl opposite the writer started playing loud music. The man next to him took out several packets of smelly food and ate it. A boy behind him started to kick his seat. Read and fill in the blanks. The writer felt angry and asked him to stop. The boy’s mother and the other passengers did nothing. The writer felt shocked and covered his ears to block the noise. The writer covered his nose so as to reduce the smell. The writer thought everyone should follow the rules. 1 2 3 4 5 . 6 . 7 8 . 9 10 . Review causes effect a cause-and-effect diagram took a deep breath, stood up, cleared his throat… ? Review We can use _________________________ to map out the causes that lead to the main result or effect clearly. a cause-and-effect diagram a fishbone diagram ... ... Learn 7 What is a fishbone diagram? A fishbone diagram is a visual tool that helps us break down a story and understand the causes and effects within it. (鱼骨图是一种帮助我们分解故事并理解故事中因果关系的可视化工具。) Learn How many parts are there? a head a long backbone(脊骨，主骨) small bones ( the causes and details) ( the main cause) category(类别) characters environment events … Learn 9 How can we draw a simple fishbone diagram? 1. Find out the effect. Tip 1: Pay attention to the ending. took a deep breath, stood up and cleared his throat… Learn 2. Analyze(分析) the causes. Tip 2: Mark different events or different characters and their actions with different marks. Learn How can we draw a simple fishbone diagram? took a deep breath, stood up and cleared his throat… took a deep breath, stood up and cleared his throat… Cause1: A girl opposite me started playing loud music. Cause3: The man next to me ate some smelly food. Cause5: A boy behind me started to kick my seat. Cause6: He felt angry and asked him to stop. Cause7: The boy’s mother and the other passengers did nothing. Cause2: The writer felt shocked and covered his ears to block the noise. Cause4: He covered his nose so as to reduce the smell. Cause8: He thought everyone should follow the rules. 1. Find out the effect. 2. Analyze the causes. Learn How can we draw a simple fishbone diagram? How can we draw a better fishbone diagram? 3. Identify(识别) the main categories(类别) of causes. Tip 3: Read the causes carefully and find sth. in common. character action feeling action Common categories(常见分类) : Character, action, time, place, behaviour, feeling, setting, environment, emotion. (5W1H ) Writer’s reactions Bad behaviours 1 Learn How can we draw a better fishbone diagram? took a deep breath, stood up and cleared his throat… 1 2 3 Bad behaviour 1 a girl opposite me started to play loud music Writer’s reaction 1 shocked covered his ears Bad behaviour 2 the man next to me ate smelly food Writer’s reaction 2 a mountain of blue cheese covered his nose Bad behaviour 3 a boy behind me started to kick my seat Writer’s reaction 3 anger grew turned as red as asked him to stop 4 Bad behaviour 4 mother replied Writer’s reaction 4 brave thought rules are there for people passengers did nothing 4. Record the details under the categories(类别). Tip 4: Write some key words. Learn Find out the ______ in the ____ of the story. Analyze the ______ with different ______. Identify the __________ of the causes. Record the ______ under the categories. “Fair” effect end causes marks categories details F A I R Learn Complete the notes on fishbone diagrams. Apply Activity 1 Read and find out the effect. 1. Pay attention to the ending and make a summary. 1 minute Tom let Ben paint the fence and got Ben’s apple. 16 Apply Activity 2 Read and analyze(分析) the causes. 2. Mark different characters’ actions and words with different marks. 3 minutes 17 Activity 3 Identify(识别) the categories(类别). 3. Read the causes carefully and find something in common. Tom’s actions Tom’s words Ben’s actions Ben’s words Tom’s behaviour Ben’s reaction Apply 18 Activity 4 Think and draw a fishbone diagram. Tom let Ben paint the fence and got Ben’s apple. Tom’s action 1 focused on his painting Ben’s reaction 1 wanted to go swimming Tom’s word 1 Painting the fence isn’t work for him. Ben’s reaction 2 stopped eating his apple Tom’s action 2 swept ... Ben’s reaction 3 became more and more interested wanted to paint a little Tom’s word 2 Ben’s reaction 4 gave some of his apple added ... aunt’s proud of ... one boy in a thousand .... really wanted to try painted like an artist stopped ... Apply 2 1 3 4 6 7 8 5 3 minutes 19 a fishbone diagram Summary We learnt that: a tool to help us understand the causes and effects within the story 20 Summary We learnt that : 1. Find out the effect in the end of the story. 2. Analyze(分析)the causes with different marks. 3. Identify(识别)the categories(类别)of the causes. _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ how to draw a fishbone diagram 4. Record the details under the categories. _______________________________________________________ F A I R 21 Homework Must do 1. Go over your notes on “fishbone diagrams”. 2. Read the passage on the worksheet and draw a fishbone diagram by yourself. Choose to do Search for one more English story and draw a fishbone diagram for it. 22 $