Unit1Section A知识点讲解-2025-2026学年人教版（2012）九年级英语全册

本讲义聚焦初中英语Unit 1 Section A核心知识点，系统梳理介词by的用法（含by+doing表方式及与with/in/on的辨析）、make的短语与句型（如make sb. do sth.、be made of/from）、感官动词用法、“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构及提建议句型等，知识点由基础到复杂，构建连贯学习支架。 该资料通过表格对比易混知识点（如aloud/loud/loudly辨析）、归纳核心短语（如by的固定搭配）、设计分层练习与拓展阅读，助力学生提升语言能力（通过例句掌握语法）、思维品质（对比分析知识点）和学习能力（自主练习巩固）。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，强化综合语言运用。

Unit 1 How can we become good learners? Section A 【知识点讲解一】 1. by working with friends （P1） 【解析1】by + doing 表示“通过某种方式、方法或手段（而达到某种目的或结果）”，可以用来回答how引导的特殊疑问句，by后面还可以接不带冠词的名词。 e.g.: He made a living by teaching. Don’t judge a person by his appearance. Man does not live by bread alone. 【辨析】方式介词by, with, in 与 on 词语 用法 by ① by+交通工具的名词 ②by + doing (表行为方式) with with + 有形的、具体的手段或工具的名词（名词前有冠词或其他修饰词） in ① in + 语言 ② in + 声音、墨水、颜料等名词 on on + 电信工具的名词 e.g.: It’s said that the basketball team has arrived in the city by air. We walk with our legs. Don’t write a letter in red ink. We learned French on the radio. 【拓展学习】by是介词, 后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语, 意义较多, 归纳如下： (1) by表示方式、方法、手段等, 意为“通过/用/靠……(而达到某种预期的目的)”, by +doing sth. 意为“通过做某事”在句中作方式状语。 e.g.: —How can I turn on the computer? —By pressing this button. (2) 表示位置移动, 意为“从……经过”。 e.g.: Ellen flew to Chicago by way of New York. (3) 表示位置, 意为“靠近; 在……旁边”。 e.g.: The girls are playing by the lake. (4) 表示位置, 意为“沿着”。 e.g.: He kept walking and passed by me on his side of the street. (5) 表示时间, 意为“在……之前; 到……为止; 不迟于”。 e.g.: My mother will come back by 6: 00. (6) 用在反身代词之前, 意为“独自”。 e.g.: Tina couldn’t move the heavy box by herself. (7) 表示动作执行者, 用于被动语态, 意为“被; 由”。 e.g.: The house was destroyed by fire. (8) 用于某些固定短语中, 如by the way“顺便问一下”, one by one“一个接一个地”, step by step“一步一步地”, by accident“偶然地”等。 【归纳总结】by常见的短语： by the way 顺便问一下 by accident= by chance 偶然地 by mistake 错误地 one by one 一个接一个 step by step 一步一步地 little by little 逐渐地 by the time 到……为止 by oneself 独自地 by and by 不久之后 by hand 用手 by the end of 到….... 末尾 【解析2】work with 与某人在一起做某事 e.g.: We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. You cannot expect to like all the people you will work with. 2. by making word cards （P1） 【解析】make → made →made v. 做， 制作， 使得 【拓展学习】 （1）make的短语： make tea 泡茶 make faces 做鬼脸 make sure 查明，弄清 make kites 制作风筝 make the bed 整理床铺 make sentences 造句 make a noise 制作噪音 make mistakes 犯错 make money 赚钱 make progress 取得进步 make friends交朋友 make a telephone 打电话 make fun of 取笑 make one’s at home 随便，不拘束 make a milk shake 制作一份奶昔 make a living谋生 make up 组成，编造 be made up of 由……组成 make a plan 制定计划 make one’s plan制定某人的计划 make a decision 做决定 make one’s mind 下定决心 make one’s bed 整理床铺 make tea 沏茶 （2）make的短语结构： ① be made of +材料(看得出原材料) “被用……制成” , e.g.: The table is made of wood. The pipes should be made of plastic. ② be made from+材料 (看不出原材料) “被用……制成”, e.g.: The bread is made from wheat. ③ be made in +产地 “在某地制造……” e.g.: This watch is made in China. ④ be made up of … =consist of“被…… 构成” e.g.: Our class is made up of/consists of 28 boys and 26 girls. （3）make的常用句型： ① make sb/sth + 形容词 “让某人或某物…” make you happy e.g.: Mr. Liu usually makes his lesson interesting. ② make sb./sth do sth “使某人/物做某事” make me laugh. e.g.: The teacher spoke loudly in order to make the students hear her. ③ be made to do sth “被让去做某事” e.g.: The students in this school are made to wear school uniforms on Monday. 3. by reading the textbook （P1） 【辨析】watch/read/see/look at “看” 法不同 (1)看电视、看比赛、看表演用watch; watch TV 看电视 (2)看书、看报、看杂志用read read the book看书 (3)看电影、看医生用see see the doctor 看医生 (4)看黑板、看地图用look at look at the blackboard 看黑板 【记】look at the picture. Can you see the man in the picture? He isn’t reading the book. He is watching TV. 4. by asking the teacher for help （P1） 【解析】ask for 请求，要某物 ask for help 请求帮助 ask sb. about sth 向某人询问关于某事 【拓展】ask常见用法： (1)ask sb. for help 向某人请求帮助 e.g.: If you have questions, you should ask the teacher for help. (2) ask sb. (not) to do sth请求某人做某事 e.g.: Our teacher often asks us to discuss questions in groups. My parents asked not to play computer games. (3)ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事 e.g.: She asked about his health. I’ll ask Mom about dinner plans. 5. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation? （P2） 【解析1】What about. . . ? 意为“……怎么样? ”, 常用来征求对方的意见或询问有关情况，about为介词, 其后接名词、代词或动名词。同义句：How about doing sth? e.g.：What about playing football after class? 【归纳拓展】 初中常见的提建议的句型 ( 1 / 14 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.You had better(not) do... 2.Why don't you do.../ Why not do... 3.Let's do ... 4.How/What about doing... 5.You should do ... 6.You are supposed do... 7.Don’t do... 8.Shall we do... 9.Will/Could/Would you please do... 10.Would you like sth/to do sth 同意对方的建议时常用： good idea./that sounds good./that is a good idea./OK, all right./yes, please./I’d love to./no problem./I agree with you./sure./of course./certainly./yes, I think so. 表示委婉谢绝时常用: I don’t think so./sorry,but.../sorry,I can’t./I’d love to,but.../I’m afraid... 【解析2】辨析：aloud, loud 与 loudly 词语 词性 意义与用法 aloud adv. “出声的，大声地”。常与read, cry, shout 连用。 loud adj./adv. “响亮的/地，大声的/地”。指声音大或声音传得远。作副词用时一般与speak, talk, laugh等词连用，位于动词后面。 loudly adv. “大声地”。表示声音高且喧闹、不悦耳或令人感到讨厌。常与动词knock, ring, crow等连用。 e.g.：What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation? Try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly. Don’t play the music so loudly. 【解析3】practice的词性及用法： ①practice 及物动词，“练习，操练”，后接动词作宾语时，常构成practice doing sth. e.g.：He practices playing football. ②practice 不可数名词，“实践，练习，锻炼”。 e.g.：Practice makes perfect. 【拓展知识】后面只能接动词-ing 形式作宾语的动词或动词短语有： ( 完成 实践 值得 忙 （ finish , practice , be worth , be busy ） 考虑 建议 不禁 想 （ consider , suggest , can ’ t help , feel like ） 继续 习惯 放弃 （ keep on , be used to , give up ） 介意 喜欢 思念 期待着 （ mind , enjoy , miss , look forward to ） ) 6. It’s too hard to understand spoken English. （P2） 【解析1】句子中it 为形式主语，而真正的主语为动词不定式短语to understand spoken English. 当不定式作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在后面。 e.g.：It’s easy to finish the work. ( It + be + adj +( for sb .) to do sth . 做某事是.......的 此句的形容词时描述事物特征的词 ， 如 easy , difficult , interesting , necessary , impossible . It + be + adj + of sb . to do sth . 此句中形容词为表示人物性格，品质等的词，如 kind , nice , clever , foolish )【中考链接】 【解析2】too…to… 结构一般表示否定含义，意为“太……而不能”。too 后面接形容词或副词的原形，而to 后接动词原形，构成动词不定式。 e.g.：It’s too hard to understand spoken English. 【拓展】 ① “so + adj/adv + that从句” 意为“如此……以至于……”，当that 从句为否定句时，可与too…to…转换，that 后接的从句需为完整的句子。 e.g.：The problem is too hard for us to work it out. = The problem is so hard for us that few of us can work it out. ② “not + adj + enough + to do sth.” 意为“不够……做某事”，也可以和too…to…转换。不过此时too后面的形容词为此句式中的形容词的反义词。 e.g.：It is not easy enough for everyone to work out the problem. = It is too hard for everyone to work out the problem. 7. I have to finish reading a book and give a report next Monday. （P2） 【解析】finish是及物动词，常见用法：finish sth. 完成某事, finish doing sth. 做完某事。 e.g.：When are you going to finish your work?  He finished reading the book before supper.  【辨析】end, finish与over (1)end有名词之义,也有动词之义,均表示“停止”“结束”某一进程,也指某种活动因达到目的而自然结束或由于某种原因而突然中止,但不强调是否已经圆满完成。常用来指旅行、讲演、争论、战争等结束或终止。 e.g.：They ended the party off with a song.  (2)finish作及物动词,强调完成自己所计划要干的或所规定的事情或动作,并含有最后加以润色,使之完美的意味。 e.g.：I’ve finished my school homework.  (3)over作“结束”时是副词。 e.g.：Class is over.  8. Don’t read word by word. Read word groups.（P2） 【解析】句中的word by word意思是“逐字地”，by表示速率。如：day by day意为“一天天地”，step by step意为“逐步地”。 e.g.：We read word by word aloud and think about them. 9. That sounds difficult.（P2） 【解析】感官动词的用法： smell 闻起来 look 看起来 sound 听起来 feel 感到，摸起来 taste 品尝 ①感官动词+宾语+v-ing 表示动作正在进行，经历事件的部分过程； e.g.：I saw him working in the garden yesterday. ②look, sound, smell, taste, feel可当系动词，后接形容词； e.g.：He looks angry. It sounds good. The flowers smell beautiful. The sweets taste sweet. I felt tired. 【注意】这些动词都不用于被动语态。如：The sweets are tasted sweet.是错误的。 ③look, sound, smell, taste, feel这些动词后面也可接介词like短语，like后面常用名词； e.g.：Her idea sounds like fun. What does she look like? So, does it sound like something you would be interested in? Sometimes I feel like I'm losing my mind. You smell like flowers and fresh things. 10. Well, be patient. （P2） 【解析】patient的词性及用法： ①patient 形容词，“有耐心的，耐烦的”，反义词是impatient. 常用短语是be patient with/to “对……有耐心”。 e.g.：We all like Mr. Smith. He is very patient with us. ② patient 还可以作名词，“病人”。 e.g.：The nurse is looking after the patient. ③ patience 名词，“耐心，忍耐”，常用的搭配有：have(no) patience with…对……（没）有耐心；lose patience with…对……失去耐心；out of patience 失去耐心。 e.g.：Don’t lose patience with these pupils. 11. It takes time.（P2） 【解析】常见的表示“花费”的动词用法： cost v. sth+ cost+(sb)+money The new shirt cost Mr Wang 200 yuan. n. 和介词of连用,“……的费用” at the cost of sth 以…作为代价 The cost of the old car is 10,000 yuan. His success is at the cost of his efforts. spend sb. spends + money / time + on sth. sb. spends + money/ time + (in) doing sth. I spend 10 yuan on/buying this book. =This book costs me 10 yuan. take It takes sb. some time to do sth. It usually takes me 30 minutes to clean my bedroom. =I spend 30 minutes cleaning my bedroom. pay sb+pay+ some money + to do/ for sth. The young pay much money for the computer games. I’ll treat you, so I’ll pay the bill. 【Summary】 1. spend 时间和钱都可用，pay和cost只能用于钱，take只能花时间 2. spend, pay主语必须是人，cost主语是物，take只能用it takes…句型 3. spend后加doing, 特别容易出错 12. The more you read, the faster you’ll be. （P2） 【解析】“the+比较级+ ..., the +比较级+ ...” 表示“越……，就越……”。 e.g.：The warmer the weather is, the better I will feel. The harder you study, the better result you will get. 【巩固练习一】 一、按要求填空 1.The teacher asked me to answer the question __________(大声地)． 2.My father________（花费）a lot for this new car. 3.I spend 20 minutes___________(read) English every day. 4.It ________(take) me 20 minutes _________(read) English every day. 5.How long________it ________(take) you ____________(read)English every day? 6.______it_______(take)you 20 minutes _____ _______(read) English every day? 二、单项选择 1. The two kids practice spoken English __________ joining the English club. A．by B．in C．on D．with 2. —_______ do you usually go to school, Simon? —By bike. A．When B．How C．What D．Where 3. The teacher read the poem____ to the pupils. A.loudly B.aloud C. loud 4. The little girl shouted _________ when she couldn’t find her mother. A. loud B. aloud C. louder D. loudly 5. He is____ young____go to school. A. too, that B. so, that C. too, to D. enough, to 6. Don’t worry. We still have ___________ time. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few 7. Can I have ___________ bread? I feel ___________ hungry. A. little; a bit B. a little; a bit C. a bit; a bit D. bit; bit 8. —What do you think of the fish soup?—Well, it _____________ a bit salty. A. looks B. smells C. tastes 9. The cheese cake ____________so good that I can’t wait to eat it. A. tastes B. feels C. sounds D. smells 10. _______confident you are, _______you will be. A.The more;the happy B.The many;the happy C.The more;the happier D.The much;the happier 11. I finished______an essay just now. A.to write B.wrote C.writing 12. —_________ do you know so much about the UFO? —I usually get the information by using the Internet. A．How　 　 B．What　　 C．Which 　　 D．Where 13. Please read _______ the text in class. A. loud B. big C. loudly D. aloud 14. Don’t talk ______. Your grandmother is sleeping now. A. loud B. hardly C. loudly D. hard 15. Actions speak _________ than words. A. louder B. loud C. loudly 16. I’m ____ excited____sleep. A. too, that B. so, that C. too, to D. enough, to 17. He got the station____ late ____ catch the bus. A. too, that B. so, that C. too, to D. enough, to 18. Kathy can write __________ Chinese but she can read _________ Chinese words. A. little; few B. a few; a little C. little; a few D. few; a little 19. She is Japanese, but she can speak ___________ Chinese. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few 20. —I know old Joe lives _____________. —We are supposed to visit him from time to time. Then he won’t feel ________. A. alone; alone B. lonely; lonely C. lonely; alone D. alone; lonely 21. Jenny is afraid to travel by plane. She always feels __________when getting on it. A. nervous B. interested C. relaxed D. happy 22. These oranges look nice, but ____________very sour. A. feel B. taste C. sound D. look 23. ______we read,______ our English will be. A.The more;the better B.The more;the good C.The much;the better D.The many;the better 24.______ intelligent computers are, ______ they can do for our human beings. A.The more;the less B.The more;the more C.The many;the less D.The much;the little   【知识点讲解二】 13. Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English? （P3） 【解析】find → found →found v寻找 (1) find sb. doing sth 发现某人正在做某事，类似动词：hear, watch, see, feel e.g.：Mr. Wang found Li Dong reading a storybook in the class. When I went into the room, I found him lying in bed. (2) find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很……；其中的it是形式宾语, 形容词做宾补, to do sth.是真正的宾语。同类的动词还有think, feel, consider等。 ◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难 e.g.：She found it’s hard to finish the work by herself. At times, parents find it difficult to talk with their teenage children. 【拓展】find/look for/find out 辨析 (1)find v 找到，强调找到的结果 e.g.：You can find the lost key in the desk. (2)look for 寻找，强调找东西的过程 e.g.：They looked for the lost dog everywhere, but could not find it. (3) find out 查明，找到，指经过调查，询问等弄清事实的真相 e.g.：The window is broken. Try to find out who broke it. 14. The teacher spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time. （P3） 【解析】“so +形容词、副词 +that 从句”，意为“如此.....以至于......”。 此外，such+名词短语+that 从句，也意为“如此.....以至于......”；但如果名词短语中有many, much, few, little，只能与so..that连用。 e.g.：She is so beautiful that everyone likes her. =She is such a beautiful girl that everyone likes her. There are so many people in the room that I can’t breathe. 15. I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. （P3） 【解析1】afraid adj. 害怕的 (1)be afraid to do sth. 意为“由于害怕而不敢做某事”。 (2)be afraid of . . . 意为“害怕/担心……”, 后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 【图解助记】 be afraid of与be afraid to的区别 【记】The girl was afraid to go across the bridge, for she was afraid of falling down from it. 【归纳拓展】 (1)be afraid +that从句, 意为“恐怕…; 担心…”, 常表示委婉的语气, 口语中that可省略。 e.g.：I’m afraid that it will rain tomorrow. (2)I’m afraid so. 意为“恐怕如此”。多用于情景对话, 对别人的提问作出推测式回答。 (3)I’m afraid not. 意为“恐怕不是”。 e.g.：—Can I take a seat here, sir? —I'm afraid not. My cousin will be back soon. 【解析2】because of 由于.... because of 介词短语 后面接名词（性短语）或代词 I stayed at home,because of illness. because 连词 句子 I stayed at home,because I was ill. e.g.：He was late because of the heavy train. He was late because the traffic was heavy. 16. Then one day I watched an English movie called Toy Story.（P3） 【解析】call v叫做 (1) call sb.=telephone sb. =phone sb. =give sb. a call =ring sb. up 给某人打电话 (2)call on sb. 拜访某人 (3)called=named 叫做 a boy called Tom with the name of= called = named 名叫…… e.g.：That’s the girl named/called Lily. = That’s the girl with the name of Lily. 17. I fell in love with this exciting and funny movie!（P3） 【解析1】fell in love with 爱上 【拓展】fall → fell→ fallen v 落下 单词讲解： (1) 不及物动词， “落下，跌落” fall into 跌进…… (2) 系动词 “变成” fall asleep 入睡 fall ill 生病 (3) 名词, “秋天” = autumn 【短语】：fall into 落入 fall off 跌落 fall down 倒下 fall behind 落后 fall asleep 入睡 fall in love with 爱上 【解析2】excite→ exciting/excited 兴奋的 be excited about对…感到兴奋 【拓展】 ①interest→interesting/interested 有趣的 be interested in 对…感兴趣 ②surprise→surprising/surprised 吃惊的 be surprise at 对…感到吃惊 ③relax →relaxed /relaxing adj. 令人放松的 be relaxed about 对……感到放松 ④bore → bored/boring adj. 令人厌烦的 【注】 以—ing结尾的adj. 常用来作定语或表语，修饰物。 以—ed结尾的adj.用来表示情绪，常做表语，修饰人 18. My pronunciation improved as well by listening to the interesting conversations in English movies.（P3） 【解析】as well 也 【辨析】also /too/as well/ either (1) also 用于肯定句，既可表示两人干了同样的事，也可表示一个人干了两件事，通常位于be动词，助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。 (2) too也用于肯定句，比 also更通俗，和 also, as well可以相互替换，可放在句中，也可放在句末。 (3) either 用于否定句，而且只能放在句末。 (4) as well在口语中用得很多，用法和too完全一样，可以互换，通常位于句末。 e.g.：Tom can sing this song. I can sing it, too. =Tom can sing this song, I can sing it as well. =Tom can sing this song, I can also sing it. He can’t swim. I can’t, either. 19. I discovered that listening to something you are interested in is the secret to language learning.（P3） 【解析1】动名词doing作主语，谓语当单数。若由and连接两个或两个以上动名词作主语，谓语动词用复数； e.g.：Running and swimming are my hobbies. 【自主归纳】listen v 听 →listener n 收听者 listen to 听…… e.g.：My father is a good listener . Tom is a good listener ,many students like to make friends with him. 【注】动词+er =名词 teach— teacher work— worker clean— cleaner farm—farmer play—player sing— singer wait— waiter own— owner 【拓展】listen to/hear (1)listen/listen to 听，侧重听的“过程” (2)hear 听，侧重听的“结果” hear sb. do sth 听见某人做某事 hear sb. doing sth 听见某人正在做某事 【解析 2】 a /the secret to sth/doing sth ....的秘诀/做...的秘诀 20. I also learned useful sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It serves you right.” （P3） 【解析1】It’s a piece of cake 一件小事；小菜一碟。 e.g.：— Would it be hard to take some photos for me、 — No, it is a piece of cake . 【解析2】It serves you right. 这是你应得的；自作自受，罪有应得。 21．I did not understand these sentences at first. （P3） 【解析】at first = at the beginning 最初，开始 【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初】 【拓展】first of all 首先，第一 【表明陈述事情的重要性】 e.g.：When you want to work for our country in the future, first of all, we should have strong body and rich knowledge. We can do a lot to stay healthy. First of all, we should eat a balanced diet. 22. But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked them up in a dictionary. （P3） 【解析】look up 意为“（在字典或资料中）查找”，后接名词或代词，如接代词，只能将其放在look 与 up 之间。 e.g.：Why don’t you look it up in the encyclopedia（百科全书）? You'd better look up the dictionary when you meet the new words. 【拓展】 ① look up 还可意为“拜访；看望；抬头看”。 e.g.：I looked up and saw him. Most people never look up at the sky. ② look up to 意为“看得起；尊重，敬仰”。 e.g.：Children should look up to their parents. I look up to the policeman who helped me out. ③ 常见的与look 有关的词组： look after 照顾 look like 看起来像 look out 当心，小心 look through 浏览 look for 寻找 look forward to 期待 look around 向四周看 have/ take a look 看一看 look over 检查 23．I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies. （P3） 【解析 1】 so that “以便于”+句子，引导目的状语从句，且从句中含有情态动词can,could等谓语； e.g.：I get up early so that I can catch the early bus. 【解析 2】 have a better understanding of 更好的理解......;对......有更深入的理解 understanding n 理解力；理解 → understand vt 理解 e.g.：—I think the answer is right. —Actually, your understanding is wrong. 【巩固练习二】 一、单项选择 1.Nobody can learn English well_____you work hard on it. A. if B. unless C. when D. but 2.When an earthquake happens, and you are outdoors, you should go to an open area as _____ as possible. A. quickly B. quietly C. loudly D. slowly 3.Linda’s father hates waiting in long lines. I think he’s just not very _______. A. patient B. talented C. popular D. powerful 4.If you don't know the words,__________in the dictionary . A. look them up B. Look up them B. look at them D. look them at 5.---Will you go to Mathew's birthday party this Saturday? ----No,_______I am invited. A.when B. Unless C. until D. if 6. ---I find______interesting to fish in the river. ---So do I. A.that B.it C.one D.you 7. My sister has a lot of trouble ______ math. A.to learn B.learning C.learned D.learns 8. —Why not John a toy car for his birthday? — Good idea! He is crazy about cars. A.buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys 9.Finish your homework, then you’ll_______watch TV for an hour. A.can B. be able to C.able D.could 10.This movie wasn’t________. He fell asleep half way through it. A.interesting enough B. enough interesting C.interested enough D. enough interested 11.The rivers will become dirtier and dirtier_________we take action to protect them. A.since B.if C.until D.unless 12. We have two dogs. One is white,_________is black. A.other B.another C.the other D.others 13.—Could you give me some_______on how to learn English_______? –Sure. Practice makes perfect. A.advice, good B.suggestions good C.advice, well D.suggestion, well 14.The boys _____ up conversations in English. A. enjoy makes B. enjoy to make C. enjoy making D. enjoyed make 15. They_______ speaking English at the English corner to improve their spoken English. A. stopped B. practiced C. finished D. forgot 16. Many students memorize the new words _______ them many times. A. by repeating B. in reading C. to practice D. for writing 17. The meeting will begin in ten minutes. _______ that we will be late. A. I’m happy B. I hope C. I’m afraid D. I believe 18. What about _______ his telephone number in my notebook? A. looking after B. looking up C. looking for D. looking at 二、词语运用 place　share　important so　end　because　influence successful　long　wide　 trade　like A road is a bridge between two places. The Silk Road has been a bridge between East and West for more than 2,000 years. The Silk Road has been 1.________included into the UNESCO World Heritage List(世界文化遗产名录)at the 38th session of the World Heritage Committee in Doha. But did you know the Silk Road is not a single route(路线)? It is a series of 2.________and cultural transmission(传送)routes. It began during the Western Han Dynasty. The trade route starts from the city of Xi’an in Shaanxi Province and 3.________in Eastern Europe, near today's Turkey and the Mediterranean Sea. The Silk Road was about 6,500 kilometers 4.________. It went across one­fourth of the planet. The Silk Road got its name 5.________Chinese silk used to be carried along this road. Apart from silk, jade, ceramics and iron went west to Rome. From the west came glass, gems and food 6.________carrots and sesame(芝麻)． The Silk Road was very 7.________to both China and the rest of the world. Besides trade, knowledge about science, arts and literature, as well as crafts and technologies was 8.________across the Silk Road. In this way, languages and cultures developed and 9.________each other. Today, 10.________along the Silk Road are great travel destinations(目的地), such as the Terracotta Warriors in Xi’an and Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang Gansu. 【拓展阅读训练】 一．完型填空 How long will it take to learn a new language? One year, two years or ten years? According to a 1 , Chris Lonsdale, you don’t need to spend such a long time. 2 , all you need is just six months. Is that 3 ? Believe it or not, the scientist himself has used his special ways to learn more than five languages, each in about half a 4 ! Here are the ways for language learners: Listen a lot－it doesn't matter if you 5 or not. Focus on getting the meaning first. Body language and facial expressions can 6 ． Get creative and use what you’ve learnt. Focus on the most commonly used words, and use them to learn 7 words. Get a language partner to help you. Copy the face－watch 8 how people's mouth moves when they are speaking. Connect words with pictures in your 9 . Will these ways be useful? If you keep 10 them for about six months, I'm sure you will be surprised by the results! ( )1.A.doctor B．writer C．teacher D．scientist ( )2.A.Unluckily B．Suddenly C．Actually D．Naturally ( )3.A.true B．wrong C．funny D．popular ( )4.A.month B．year C．week D．day ( )5.A.know B．understand C．think D．find ( )6.A.hate B．leave C．stop D．help ( )7.A.fewer B．better C．more D．worse ( )8.A.slowly B．carefully C．happily D．quickly ( )9.A.mind B．interest C．choice D．dream ( )10.A.remembering B．teaching C．using D．reading 二．阅读理解 A Are you learning English and do you need help with grammar? Do you want to learn new vocabulary or slang(俚语)? Well, you can find help online with these top 5 free English as a Second Language websites. 1. Dave's ESL Cafe This is a complete website that can help you learn and practice English. You can read many stories and do a lot of exercises to test yourself. You can also post questions and answers onto the help center. 2. About.com You can get free English courses from About.com and you'll get regular e－mails that will help you learn English. 3. The Classroom by Voice of America You can watch videos and listen to news stories to improve your listening and vocabulary skills. You can also hear English words and their meanings. 4. Heinle's Newbury House Dictionary of American English Do you need to find the definition of a word? Use this online dictionary to find simple and clear definitions, as well as example sentences and idioms(习语).You can also find different cultural facts. 5.Personal English Portal(门户网站)on YouTube You can watch this series of videos on YouTube to develop your listening skills. You can also do a search for “learn English” on YouTube to find other videos. This is a good way to practice English and have fun. ( ) 1.If you want to do English exercises and test yourself, you can go to ________. A. About.com B. YouTube C. Dave's ESL Cafe D. the Classroom by Voice of America ( ) 2. You can ________ at the help center on the website Dave's ESL Cafe. A. watch videos and pictures B. listen to news and music C. watch movies and matches D. read questions and answers ( )3.About.com often sends e－mails to its visitors to help them ________. A. get relaxed B. have fun C. become famous D. learn English ( ) 4. The underlined word “definition” means “______” in Chinese. A.来源 B. 释义 C.意图 D.背景 ( )5.From Heinle's Newbury House Dictionary of American English, you can find ________. A. cultural information B. online libraries C. interesting news D. many storybooks B AI(人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see the amazing Al. Cool driverLess bus A bus door opens and you get on. Wait,where is the driver? Here is a new kind of driverless bus called Apolong. It can seat 14 people and doesn't need a driver. The bus follows traffic rules. It stops every time it sees a stop light. Your close friend Hi, everyone. I'm Xiaoice, a chatbot(聊 天机器人). I speak like a 17-year-old girl. If you feel lonely, you can talk with me. I’m good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. I want to be your friend! World’s first AI anchor Hey, look! The famous Chinese anchor(主 播) Qiu Hao is reporting the news for us. But, is “he” really Qiu Hao? The answer is “not”. This is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It speaks both Chinese and English, It can work 24 hours without any mistakes. The AI anchor joins Xinhua’s reporting team, You might see it on TV soon. Popular AI artist This beautiful painting was at an auction(拍卖) in 2018. It sold for about 3,000,000 yuan! But it is not a work by a famous painter, such as Vincent van Gogh. It was painted by an AI artist. Three Frenchmen created the AI. The AI artist studied over 15,000 paintings. In this way, it learned to paint. Now it is among the most popular artists in the world. ( ) 1. The fact about Apolong is that . A. there is a driver in it B. the door is opened by the passenger C. there are 24 seats in it D. it stops every time it sees a stop light ( ) 2.Xiaoice CAN’T . A. go out to play with you B. talk with you if you feel lonely C. be your friend D. sing, write poems or tell stories ( ) 3.The painting is . A. a work painted by Vincent van Gogh B. worth about 3,000,000 yuan at an auction C. studied by three French artists over 15,000 times D. among the most beautiful paintings in the world ( ) 4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Xiaoice is a l7-year-old girl. B. The AI anchor can only speak English. C. The AI anchor can work 24 hours without mistakes. D. The AI artist is one of the most popular artists in China. ( ) 5.We can probably see the passage in . A. a guidebook B. a notice C. a novel D. a newspaper C Listening test is one of the most important parts of the English exam. Here are some tips for you. Before you start to listen, you need to relax. Don’t be stressed out. And try to read the questions. These questions usually help you understand the conversation or the passage. Then listen carefully to the first sentence. It usually tells you the main idea of the passage. When you’re listening, try to do some thinking and take some notes, such as: ☆What happened? ☆When, where, and how? ☆What does the speaker want to tell us? In this way, you may understand the passage better. Please remember not to think about one or two words for a long time. When you hear some words you don’t know, don’t spend too much time on them. Very often, you’ll find out what they mean later when you go on with the listening. ( )1. This passage mainly talks about_________. A. tips on listening B. tips on speaking C. tips on reading D. tips on writing ( )2. It’s better for you to keep ________when you start to have a listening test. A. excited B. relaxed C. stressed out D. worried ( )3. We should listen to the first sentence carefully, because it usually tells us________. A. the answers to the questions B. where to write the answers C. the main idea of the passage D. how much time left for the listening test ( )4. When you’re listening, it’s important for you to_________. A. remember every word B. take some notes C. understand all the words D. think about one or two words for a long time ( )5. The _______ usually help(s) us understand the passage better. A. questions B. first sentence C. notes D. A, B and C D：Swimming and English Learning Can you swim? Do you like swimming? Yes? Well, how can you learn to swim? I think the best way is to go into the water and learn. I’m afraid you’ll never learn to swim just by reading books about swimming or looking at others swimming. It’s the same with the English study. We must practice, practice and practice. Listening and speaking are very important for beginners. The children in English-speaking countries first listen to others. Then they try to imitate and speak. We can listen to English programs on radio. You may just understand a few words. It doesn’t matter. Just be relaxed, try to catch every word. Somebody may be a good listener. But he dare not speak. He’s afraid of making mistakes. You know we sometimes make mistakes when we speak Chinese. Don’t be afraid. We must be brave. If you really want to learn English well, you must try to speak with everyone so long as he knows English. Whether you know him or not is not important when there’s nobody to talk with, you can talk to yourself in English. It’s interesting and also a good way to practice your spoken English. Remember, the more you speak, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. Reading and writing are more important for senior school students. First we must choose the books we’re interested in. A lot of reading will improve your language sense. This is the most important. Keep writing English diaries. We can also write English articles. You may even post them to English magazines. Don’t be afraid of failure. Failure is the mother of success. Easier said than done. Well, let’s do more practice from now on. I’m sure you’ll learn English well in this way. ( )1. You can learn to swim by_______. A. reading books about it B. looking at others swimming C. having lessons on it D. going into the river and learning ( )2. We should learn English by _______. A. listening and speaking B. reading and writing C.A and B D. swimming ( )3. What will you do with mistakes when you speak? A. Don’t make mistakes. B. Study hard. C. Try not to speak English D. Don’t be afraid. ( )4. What’s more important for senior school students? A. Listening. B. Speaking. C. Reading and writing. D. Learning. ( )5. We can listen to English ______ according to the passage. A. by train B. on radio C. every minute D. on a bike $