2026届高考英语一轮复习：定语从句+名词性从句+状语从句 导学案

该高中英语高考复习导学案系统覆盖定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句三大核心考点，按引导词类型及句法功能构建知识体系，通过表格对比引导词用法、要点归纳关键差异，设计问题链驱动学生自主梳理从句分类与适用场景，形成层次分明的语法知识网络。 亮点在于真题导向的自主诊断与个性化提升设计，整合近五年高考真题汇编及分层作业，学生可通过真题演练自主诊断薄弱考点，结合答案解析反思错误类型，培养思维品质与学习能力。学案设置“考点梳理-真题演练-反思总结”闭环学习活动，助力学生自主构建错题归因体系，为教师精准把握学情、实施因材施教提供数据支持。

高中英语一轮复习——三大类从句要点复习和训练 一、 定语从句 （一） 引导词分类及用法 引导词类型 具体引导词 适用情况 关键要点 关系 代词 who 先行词指人，在从句中作主语 / 宾语 作宾语时可省略 whom 先行词指人，在从句中作宾语 可省略，介词后必须用 whom whose 先行词指人 / 物，在从句中作定语 后接名词，可替换为 “the + n. + of which/whom” which 先行词指物，在从句中作主语 / 宾语 作宾语可省略，介词后用 which that 先行词指人 / 物，在从句中作主语 / 宾语 1. 先行词被序数词、最高级、不定代词修饰时用；2. 先行词既有人又有物时用；3. 不能用于非限制性定语从句 关系 副词 when 先行词指时间，在从句中作时间状语 可替换为 “介词 + which” where 先行词指地点，在从句中作地点状语 可替换为 “介词 + which”；抽象地点（case, situation, point）也可用 why 先行词为 reason，在从句作原因状语 可替换为 “for which” （二） 重要知识点 1. 限制性 vs 非限制性定语从句 ※非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开，不能用 that引导，引导词不可省略。 ※指代整个主句内容时，用which/as，as 可放句首，which 只能放句中。 2. 介词 + 关系代词 ※介词的选择取决于先行词的搭配或从句中动词的搭配。 例：The book in which he wrote his name is mine. (write in the book) 3. 定语从句的省略 3. 关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略；作主语时不可省略。 二、 名词性从句 （一） 从句分类及引导词 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，引导词分为三类： 1. 连接词：that, whether, if that：无实际意义，不作成分，只起连接作用；宾语从句中可省略，主语 / 表语 / 同位语从句中不可省略。 whether/if：表 “是否”，不作成分；主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、介词后宾语从句只能用 whether。 2. 连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever，有实际意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等成分。 3. 连接副词：when, where, why, how，有实际意义，在从句中作状语。 （二） 重要知识点 主语从句的语序：必须用陈述语序；常用 it 作形式主语，避免句子头重脚轻。 例：It is important that we should study hard. 同位语从句 vs 定语从句 同位语从句：引导词 that 不作成分，从句解释说明先行词的内容。 定语从句：引导词 that 作成分，从句修饰限定先行词。 例：The news that he passed the exam made us happy. (同位语从句) 例：The news that he told us made us happy. (定语从句) 宾语从句的时态呼应 主句为过去时，从句用相应的过去时态；从句表客观真理时，用一般现在时。 3、 状语从句 （一） 分类及核心引导词 从句类型 核心引导词 关键用法 时间状从 when, while, as, before, after, since, until/till, as soon as while 引导时，从句动词常用延续性动词 地点语从 where, wherever 区分定语从句：无先行词为状语从句 原因状从 because, since, as, now that because 表直接原因，可用于回答 why；since/as 表显而易见的原因 条件状从 if, unless, as long as, on condition that 主将从现：主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时 让步状从 although, though, even if/though, while, as as 引导时需倒装：形容词 / 副词 / 名词 / 动词 + as + 主语 + 谓语 目的状从 so that, in order that 从句常用情态动词（can, may, could, might） 结果状从 so...that..., such...that... so+adj./adv.；such+a/an+adj.+n. 比较状从 than, as...as..., not so/as...as...,the +比较级, the+比较级 从句常省略与主句重复的成分 方式状从 as, as if/ though，like(口语) “按照...方式”，as+主谓 （二） 重要知识点 状语从句的省略：当从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句含 be 动词时，可省略从句主语和 be 动词。 例：When (he was) asked about his plan, he said nothing. 让步状语从句的倒装：as/though 引导时，名词提前时不加冠词。 例：Child as he is, he knows a lot. since 引导时间状语从句：从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 例：I have lived here since I came to this city. 近五年高考语法填空真题汇编（三大从句专项） 2021 年真题 1. The study suggests that the cultures we grow up in influence the basic processes by ______ we see the world around us. 2. By about 6000 BC, people ______ lived in the Tigris-Euphrates Valley had discovered how to make bricks. 3. ______ is clear is that the government has made the right decision on the project. 2022 年真题 1. It is often the case ______ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 2. The reason ______ he was late for the meeting was that he missed the first bus. 3. She took a photo of the boy ______ was playing the piano. 2023 年真题 1. We are living in an age ______ many things are done on computers. 2. ______ the book will sell well depends on its content. 3. He gave me a reason ______ sounded reasonable. 2024 年真题 1. The girl with ______ I talked just now is my classmate. 2. It was not until she got home ______ she realized she had lost her keys. 3. I don’t know ______ he will come or not. 2025 年真题 1. This is the factory ______ my father worked ten years ago. 2. ______ we need is more time to practice. 3. ____________ he is young, he has a lot of experience. 2021 年答案及解析 1. Which,解析：考查 “介词 + 关系代词” 引导的定语从句，先行词为 processes，指物，故用 which。 2. who/that解析：考查定语从句，先行词为 people，指人，在从句中作主语，故用 who 或 that。 3. What, 解析：考查主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表 “…… 的事情”，故用 What。 2022 年答案及解析 1. that,解析：考查主语从句，it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，从句成分完整，故用 that。 2. why, 解析：考查定语从句，先行词为 reason，在从句中作原因状语，故用 why。 3. who/that, 解析：考查定语从句，先行词为 the boy，指人，在从句中作主语。 2023 年答案及解析 1. when,解析：考查定语从句，先行词为 age，指时间，在从句中作时间状语，故用 when。 2. Whether, 解析：考查主语从句，表 “是否”，且位于句首，故用 Whether。 3. that/which, 解析：考查定语从句，先行词为 reason，指物，在从句中作主语，故用 that 或 which。 2024 年答案及解析 1. Whom, 解析：考查 “介词 + 关系代词” 引导的定语从句，先行词为 the girl，指人，故用 whom。 2. that,解析：考查强调句，结构为 It is/was...that...，强调时间状语 not until she got home，故用 that。 3. whether, 解析：考查宾语从句，与 or not 连用，表 “是否”，故用 whether。 2025 年答案及解析 1. where, 解析：考查定语从句，先行词为 factory，指地点，在从句中作地点状语，故用 where。 2. What, 解析：考查主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表 “…… 的东西”，故用 What。 3. Although, 解析：考查让步状语从句，although 引导让步状语从句 Homework: 1. It is not the failure itself but the attitude we take towards it ______ determines our future success. 2. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ______ you are better than anyone else on the sports field. 3. The manager put forward a suggestion ______ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. 4. We have launched another man-made satellite, ______ is announced in today’s newspaper. 5. The old man has four sons, all of ______ are doctors working in the local hospital. 6. ______ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. 7. I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. 8. It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time ______ high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. 9. ______ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for our company, but we still have a long way to go. 10. He got himself into a dangerous situation ______ he was likely to lose his life. 1. that; 2. that; 3. that; 4. which; 5. whom; 6. What; 7. where; 8. when; 9. What 10. where 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $