Unit 8 单元知识梳理-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册同步教学精品课件（人教版2024）

Unit 8 知识梳理 重点短语 1. finds ways to do sth. 找到做某事的方法 2. talk face to face面对面交谈 3. send text messages发送短信 4. make a video call打视频电话 5. send emails发送电子邮件 6. use sign language 使用手语 7. make a phone call打电话 8. on time 按时，准时 9. pick sb. up 接某人 10. show sb. around 带某人参观 11. try all the delicious local food 尝试所有美味的当地食物 12. play games with sb. 和某人玩游戏 13. wake sb. up 把某人吵醒 14. ask for sth. 寻求某物 15. take a break 休息 16. thanks for 为......而感谢 17. make things worse 使事情变更糟糕 18. make up (with sb.) (和某人)言归于好 19. the best way to do sth. 做某事最好的方式 20. in person 亲自;亲身 21. stay calm 保持冷静 22. talk on the phone 打电话 23. go jogging 去慢跑 24. need to do sth. 需要做某事 25. have difficulties in doing sth. 有困难做某事 26. write down 写下; 记下 27. drop sb. a line 给某人写信 28. have a conversation with a stranger和陌生人对话 29. It's time for sb. to do sb. 该某人做某事的时间 30. show interest in 对......表现出兴趣 31. one of +最高级+可数名词复数 ......之一 32. choose the right topic选择正确的话题 33. other personal Information其他的个人信息 34. be happy to do sth. 很高兴做某事 35. argue with sb. 和某人争吵; 和某人争论 36. move on to another topic 转移到另一个话题 37. have no idea 不知道 38. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 39. find out 找到;发型;查明 40. tell the truth 说实话; 说真话 41. pay attention to 注意 42. body language 身体语言 43. stand up straight 站直 44. play an important role in 在......中扮演重要角色 45. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 46. social media 社交媒体 47. instead of 代替; 而不是 48. build trust 建立信任 49. keep ...away from ... (使)远离; 避免...靠近 50. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 51. give a speech 发表演讲 52. take place 发生 53. cover all your travel and hotel costs 报销你所有的旅行和住宿费用 54. an excellent opportunity一个很好的机会 55. spare the time 抽出时间 56. benefit a lot from sb. 从某人身上受益匪浅 57. look forward to doing sth. 期望做某事 58. be a great honour to do sth. 做某事是极大的荣幸 59. hope to do sth.希望做某事 重点句型 1.If you come to my city, I'll show you around.如果你来我的城市，我会带你四处逛逛。 2.If I go there, I'll try all the delicious local food.如果我去那里，我会尝遍所有当地的美食。 3.Sometimes my friends and I argue but I don't know how to make up. 有时候我和朋友会吵架，但我不知道如何和好。 4.If you want to solve the problem, a face-to-face talk usually works the best. 如果你想解决问题，面对面交谈通常最有效。 5.If you want to make some new friends, this is a good chance. 如果你想交些新朋友，这是个好机会。 6.这是我表妹第一次来北京，所以我主动提出带她逛逛。 7.Texting can make things worse if you're not careful with your words. 如果你用词不注意，发短信可能会让事情变得更糟。 8.If the rehearsal ends at 7:00 p.m., I'll pick you up at 7:15 p.m. 如果排练晚上7点结束，我会在7点15分来接你。 9.If you stay calm and say sorry, it will help.如果你保持冷静并道歉，会有所帮助。 10.Do you get nervous when you talk to someone?你和别人说话时会紧张吗？ 11.Do you find it hard to have a conversation with a stranger?你觉得和陌生人交谈困难吗？ 12.If you have such worries, it is time for you to learn some more conversation skills. 如果你有这样的担忧，是时候学习一些更多的交谈技巧了。 13.Here are some tips for making better conversations.以下是一些让谈话更顺畅的建议。 14.Listen carefully and show interest in others.认真倾听并对他人表现出兴趣。 15.One of the most important things is to listen to the person you speak to. 最重要的一点是倾听与你交谈的人。 16.However, it is impolite to ask someone's age, weight, or other personal information. 然而，询问别人的年龄、体重或其他个人信息是不礼貌的。 17.If you want to make the other person happy, mention his or her strong points. 如果你想让对方开心，提及他或她的优点。 18.But don't just pretend to be nice, because people can find out you are not telling the truth. 但不要只是假装友善，因为人们会发现你没有说实话。 19.If you really work at it, you will find having conversations much easier. 如果你真的用心去做，你会发现交谈变得容易得多。 20.We would like to invite you to give a speech at our Education Talk event. 我们想邀请您在我们的“教育讲座”活动上发表演讲。 21.The event is an excellent opportunity for students, parents, and teachers to hear new opinions and ideas.该活动为学生、家长和老师提供了一个听取新观点和新想法的绝佳机会。 22.If you can spare the time to give a speech on teenagers' communication skills, we are sure the students will benefit a lot from you. 如果您能抽出时间就青少年的沟通技巧做一次演讲，我们相信学生们一定会受益匪浅。 23.It would be a great honour to have you speak at our school. 能邀请您来我校演讲将是我们莫大的荣幸。 31．我确信如果我尽力，我会实现我的决定。（be sure that; achieve one’s resolution） 【答案】I’m sure that I can achieve my resolution if I try my best. 【详解】我确信：I’m sure that；如果我尽力：if I try my best；我会：I can；实现我的决定：achieve my resolution。结合语境可知，此句整体是主从复合句，“I’m sure that...”是主句，后面“if I try my best”引导的条件状语从句是对“I can achieve my resolution”这个情况发生的条件说明。故填I’m sure that I can achieve my resolution if I try my best. 32．如果你想要放弃，为何不鼓励自己继续尝试呢？ 【答案】If you feel like giving up, why not encourage yourself to keep trying？ 【详解】根据汉语提示，时态为一般现在时。if“如果”；you“你”；feel like giving up“想要放弃”；why not do“为什么不做”；encourage oneself to do“鼓励自己去做”；keep trying“继续尝试”。故填If you feel like giving up, why not encourage yourself to keep trying？ 33．如果明天下雨，我们将待在家里。 【答案】If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 【详解】根据题干可知，句子考查if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则。if“如果”，引导条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母要大写；从句“If it rains tomorrow”中，“it”指代天气，“rains”是“rain”的三单形式；“tomorrow”作时间状语；主句“we will stay at home”中，“will stay”是一般将来时结构，表示“将会待在”；“at home”是固定短语，意为“在家”。故填If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 34．如果你赢得这场比赛，你可以获得任何奖品。 【答案】You can have any prize if you win the game. 【详解】你可以获得任何奖品： You can have any prize；如果你赢得这场比赛：if you win the game。结合语境可知，此句是由“if”引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般现在时“You can have any prize”，其中“can”是情态动词，后接动词原形“have”；从句用一般现在时“if you win the game”。故填You can have any prize if you win the game。 35．如果你愿意学习，你就会更加努力。 【答案】If you’re willing to learn, you’ll work harder. 【详解】根据题干可知，句子为典型的if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则；if引导从句，位于句首，首字母要大写；you“你”，作从句、主句的主语；be willing to do sth.“愿意做某事”，形容词短语，be动词应用are；learn“学习”，动词；work harder“更加努力”，固定搭配，从句为一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形。故填If you’re willing to learn, you’ll work harder. 重点语法 一、If引导的条件状语从句 含义 条件状语从句由if引导，表示"如果"，通常描述一个可能发生的条件，主句则描述在该条件下可能产生的结果。（当主句是一般将来时时，从句用一般现在时表将来） 基本结构 肯定句 If + 主语 + 动词原形/三单， 主语 + will + 动词原形 例：If it rains, we will stay at home. 否定句 If + 主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形， 主语 + won't + 动词原形 例：If she doesn't hurry, she won't catch the bus. 疑问句 Will + 主语 + 动词原形 if + 主语 + 动词原形/三单？ 例：Will you go shopping if you have time? 注意事项： 1.条件从句中不能使用将来时，即使表示的是将来的情况，也要用一般现在时。2.当if从句位于句首时，需要用逗号与主句隔开；当if从句位于句末时，通常不需要逗号。 3.if既可以引导条件状语从句（意为"如果"），也可以引导宾语从句（意为"是否"），需根据上下文区分。 二、“祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句” 结构 用法介绍 该结构用于替代 if 引导的条件句，表达 “做某事就会……” 或 “不做某事就会……” 的逻辑。and 表顺承（相当于 “如果…… 就……”），or 表转折（相当于 “如果不…… 就会……”）。 结构类型 含义 示例 祈使句 + and + 陈述句 做某事，就会…… Study hard, and you will get good grades.（努力学习，你就会取得好成绩。） 祈使句 + or + 陈述句 不做某事，就会…… Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.（快点，否则你会错过公交车。） 注意事项 1. 陈述句的时态：陈述句常用一般将来时（will + 动词原形），表未来的结果，如 “Save water, and we will have enough for future.（节约用水，我们未来就会有足够的水。）” 2. 祈使句的动词形式：祈使句用动词原形开头（省略主语 you），如 “Come early, and you can meet her.（早点来，你就能见到她。）” 3. 与 if 从句的转换：该结构可与 if 条件句互换，如 “Hurry up, or you’ll be late. = If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.（快点，否则你会迟到。）” 【即学即练】 1．—Does your father have a hobby? —No, ________ you call going fishing a hobby. A．unless B．because C．although D．if 2．If it ________ tomorrow, we ________ a picnic in the park. A．won’t rain; will have B．doesn’t rain; will have C．won’t rain; have D．doesn’t rain; have 3． We can have a wonderful future ________ we work hard. A．if B．unless C．so D．although 4．—It’s so sad that we can’t go to the same university. —Don’t worry. ________ we can keep in touch with each other, our friendship will be stronger and stronger. A．If B．Although C．But D．Because 5． I think my aunt ________ to our house if it ________ tomorrow. A．will come, won’t rain B．will come, doesn’t rain C．comes, won’t rain D．comes, rains 6． My best friend Lucy is good at writing. I’m sure she will get a good place ________ she takes part in the writing competition. A．if B．while C．because D．before 7． If her son ________a doctor, she ________ very happy. A．will be; becomes B．becomes; will be C．will be; is D．will be; will be 8．如果发生火灾，保持冷静。 there is a fire, . 9．如果你点击其中一个广告，你可能会意外地将病毒下载到你的电脑或手机上。 you one of the ads, you may accidentally onto your computer or phone. 10．You wear AR contact lenses. You can play ping-pong with absent friends. (合并为含 if 的复合句) 11．The more you practice speaking English, the better your pronunciation will be. (同义句转换) you practice speaking English more, you can your pronunciation. 重点知识 1.辨析happen与take place 词（组） 用法 happen 意为“发生；碰巧”，一般用于偶然或者突发的事件 sth. happen（s） to sb.某人发生某事 sb. happen（s） to do sth.某人碰巧做某事 take place 意为“发生；出现；举行”，一般指有计划的安排 【注意】①二者均有“发生”之意，都是不及物动词（词组），不能用于被动语态。 ②二者表示的都是“瞬间”的意思，不能与表示时间段的状语连用。 2.Some of you may prefer texting prefer 意为“更喜欢”，相当于“like… better”，用法如下： 1.If you come to my city, I'll show you around.如果你来我的城市，我会带你四处逛逛。 词性 意义及用法 动词 意为“给……看；展示”，show sb. sth. ＝ show sth. to sb. 意为“给某人看（展示）某物” 意为“引，领，带”，show sb. around 意为“带某人参观某地” 意为“表示，显露”，show up意为“出现，露面”，show off意为“炫耀” 名词 意为“演出；节目；展览，展览会”，talk show意为“访谈节目”，on show意为“展览；陈列” 3.Thank you for the advice ! 【易混辨析】advice与suggestion，两者都可表示“建议”，其区别如下： advice 不可数名词，表示“一条建议”要用a piece of advice suggestion 可数名词，复数形式为suggestions Eg. I asked my teacher for some advice.我向老师征求一些建议。 I asked my teacher for some suggestions. 我向老师征求一些建议。 【拓展延伸】suggestion（n） advice（n） suggest（v） advise（v） suggest doing sth 建议做某事 advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 advise doing sth 建议做某事 建议 重点： 常见用法 advice是不可数名词,意为“劝告;建议",可以用some, much, a piece of等修饰。如a piece of advice意为"一条建议";two pieces of advice意为"两条建议"。常与advice措配的形容词有good,useful, helpful等。 I need some advice about my computer.我需要一些有关我的电脑的建议。 背例句学搭配 My father once gave me some useful advice,我父亲曾经给过我一些有用的建议。 He decided to get some advice from an expert他决定从一位专家那里获得一些建议。 He followed/took his doctor's advice and stuck to a low-fat diet.他听从/采纳了他的医生的建议,坚持低脂饮食。Can I ask your advice on/about learning English?我能问一下你关于学习英语的建议吗? 固定搭配 ①give sb. some advice给某人一些建议 ②get some advice ( from sb.)(从某人那里)获得一些建议 ③follow/take sb. 's advice 听从/采纳某人的建议 ④ask sb. 's advice on/about..问某人关于...的建议 联想拓展 advice的动词形式为advise。advise的常见搭配有: ①advise sb. ( not) to do sth.建议某人(不)做某事 ②advise sb.on/about sth.为某人提供关于某事的建议 4.If the rehearsal ends at 7:00 p.m., I'll pick you up at 7:15 p.m. 如果排练晚上7点结束，我会在7点15分来接你。 ①拾起、捡起 例句：He picked up the book from the floor.（他从地板上把书捡了起来。） ②接（人） 例句：I'll pick you up at the airport at 6 pm.（我晚上六点会去机场接你。） ③取（物） 例句：I need to pick up my dry cleaning on the way home.（我回家路上得去取干洗的衣服。） ④（不经意地）学会例句：Kids pick up languages very quickly.（小孩子学语言非常快。） ⑤获得（技能、知识） 例句：I picked up a few tips from watching cooking shows.（我看烹饪节目学到了一些小窍门。） ⑥改善，好转（尤指经济、健康、天气） 例句：The economy is finally picking up.（经济终于开始好转了。） ⑦重新开始，继续 例句：Let's pick up where we left off yesterday.（让我们从昨天停下的地方继续。） ⑧买单 例句：Don't worry about the bill, I'll pick it up.（别担心账单，我来付。） ⑨便宜地买到 例句：I picked up this vintage jacket at a thrift store for only $10.（我在旧货店只花了10美元就淘到了这件复古夹克。） ⑩接收（信号、电台、声音） 例句：My phone can't pick up a signal in the mountains.（我的手机在山里接收不到信号。） 5.If I go there, I'll try all the delicious local food.如果我去那里，我会尝遍所有当地的美食。 try的用法如下： 6.Sometimes my friends and I argue but I don't know how to make up. 有时候我和朋友会吵架，但我不知道如何和好。 1） 不及物动词：争论，争吵 指双方或多方因意见不合而进行言语上的争执。后面常接介词 with, about, 或 over。 argue with sb (about/over sth)：与某人（为某事）争吵 例句：My parents are always arguing about money.（我父母总是为钱争吵。） 2）及物动词：主张，认为，论证 指提出理由或证据来支持自己的观点、立场。后面常接 that 引导的宾语从句。 argue that...：主张...，认为... 例句：The lawyer argued that his client was innocent.（律师力辩他的委托人是无辜的。） 3.）及物动词：辩论，讨论 后面直接接辩论的主题作为宾语。 argue sth：辩论某事 例句：We need to sit down and argue the matter calmly. （我们需要坐下来冷静地讨论这件事。） 常用动词短语 argue for sth：支持，主张，赞成（某事） argue against sth：反对，反驳（某事） argue sb into/out of (doing) sth：说服某人做/不做某事 7.辨析pay， spend， take与cost 词汇 常用句型 pay sb. pay（s） some money for sth. spend sb. spend（s） some money on sth./doing sth. sb. spend（s） some time on sth./（in） doing sth. take It takes （sb.） some time to do sth./sth. takes some time cost sth. cost（s） sb. some money 写作提分点拨：pay off意为“成功；奏效；达到目的”，可用于表示辛苦的付出终有回报。如：Our hard work paid off. 我们的努力得到了回报。 8.be worried about 为……担忧 【解析】be worried about意为“担心”，强调状态，后面接名词、代词、或动词-ing形式作宾语。其中worried是形容词，意为“担心的；担忧的”。 We are all worried about her health. 我们都为她的健康担忧。 【拓展】worry作动词，意为“担心；担忧”，worry about 意为“担心”，强调动作。 Don't worry about her. She can pass the test because she studies hard. 不要担心她。因为她努力学习，她可以通过考试的。 9.If you have such worries, it is time for you to learn some more conversation skills. 如果你有这样的担忧，是时候学习一些更多的交谈技巧了。 It’s time （for sb.） to do sth.句型 句型 意义 It’s time （for sb.）to do sth. 到（某人）该做某事的时间了。 It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。 It’s the/one’s＋序数词＋time＋to do sth. 某人第几次做某事。 如： ①The new year is coming， and it’s time for us to make New Year’s resolutions. 新年就要到了，是我们做新年计划的时候了。 ②It’s 12 o’clock now. It’s time for lunch.现在12点了。该吃午饭了。 ③It’s her first time to visit the Great Wall.这是她第一次参观长城。 10.However, it is impolite to ask someone's age, weight, or other personal information. 然而，询问别人的年龄、体重或其他个人信息是不礼貌的。 It’s＋adj.＋（for/of sb.）to do sth.句型 （1） It’s＋adj.＋（for sb.） ＋to do sth.，意为“（对某人来说）做某事是……的”。其中it是形式主语，句中的动词不定式是真正的主语。 如：It’s necessary for students to have some labor courses. 学生上一些劳动课程是很有必要的。 （2）It’s＋adj.＋of sb.＋to do sth.，意为“某人做某事是……的”。其中所用的形容词为描述行为者的性格、品质的一类词。 如：It’s very nice of you to offer me help. 你能主动帮我，真是太善良了。 11.difficulty 1. 表示“做某事有困难” 这是最常见的用法，有几种经典句型： a) Have difficulty (in) doing something后面直接接动词的 -ing 形式。 例句：Many students have difficulty (in) understanding native speakers.（很多学生很难听懂母语人士说话。） b) There is difficulty (in) doing something这是一个更正式的句式。 例句：There was some difficulty (in) convincing him to come.（要说服他来有些困难。） 2. 表示“面临/遇到困难” a) Experience / face / encounter difficulties difficulty 通常用作可数名词，指具体的困难。 例句：The company is facing financial difficulties.（公司正面临财务困难。） b) Run into / come across difficulties指“偶然遇到，碰上”困难。 例句：If you run into any difficulties, don't hesitate to ask for help. （如果你遇到任何困难，尽管求助。） 3. 表示“克服/解决困难” Overcome / solve / resolve a difficulty 例句：With teamwork, we can overcome any difficulty.（通过团队合作，我们可以克服任何困难。） have great difficulty（有很大困难） have some difficulty（有些困难） have no difficulty (in) doing sth（做某事毫无困难） 12.He thinks the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to.他认为第一步是找到你信任的某个人谈一谈。　 trust作动词时,意为“相信;信任",其后可以直接跟名词、代词等作宾语。其作名词表示“信任；新来；相信”时，为不可数名词 I don't trust him.我不信任他。 Can we trust these data?我们能相信这些数据吗? 背例句学搭配 You shouldn't put your trust in a man like that你不应该相信像那样的一个男人。 Can we trust them to look after the house?我们能信任他们照看房子吗? You can't trust the trains to run on time.你不能指望火车会准时运行。 I wouldn't trust him with the keys我不会放心把钥匙交给他。 固定搭配 ①put one's trust in sb.信任某人 ②trust sb. to do sth.信任某人做某事 ③trust sth, to do sth.相信某物做某事;相信某物会正常工作 ④trust sb. with sth.把某物托付给/放心交给某人 13.honour 词性 主要意思 常用搭配 例句 名词 (不可数) 荣誉，名誉 a great honour, a man of honour It's an honour to meet you. 名词 (可数) 荣誉，奖项 receive honours, military honours He won many honours for his work. 动词 向...致敬 honour sb/sth We honour our ancestors. 动词 履行，兑现 honour an agreement You must honour your promise. 书面表达 1、 写作主题 交流与沟通 2、 主题分析 本单元以“交流与沟通”为话题，主要探讨如何运用沟通技巧解决生活、学习或者人际交往中出现的一些困惑或者烦恼，并提出相关建议。此类话题涉及的写作以书信、日记等体裁为主，人称多为第一人称，时态涉及一般现在时和一般过去时。 三、写作积累 （一）.常用的词汇： 词汇 difficulty , challenge , misunderstanding, conflict, argument , misunderstanding, communication, explain ,disagreement, apologize ,understand, solve, patience, trust 短语 feel stressed /confused / upset , argue with..., have trouble (doing)... , disagree with... , listen to, in person, worry about, by yourself, benefit...from... calm down, put oneself in one’s shoes, send emails, open one’s heart, keep calm clear up the misunderstanding, reach an agreement, have a face-to-face talk, make a phone call （二）.常用的句型句式： 句型 ①I am sorry to hear that you have problems with your parents.     听说你和你的父母出现了问题，我很难过。 ②It's normal to feel worried before exams. 考前感到焦虑是很正常的。 ③We often have a lot of problems and worries in our daily life.     我们日常生活中总是有很多的问题和焦虑。 ④I decided to talk to... about it. 我决定和...谈谈这件事。 ⑤We sat down and had an honest conversation. 我们坐下来进行了一次坦诚的对话。 ⑥I explained how I felt and why... 我解释了我的感受以及为什么...。 ⑦We tried to understand each other's point of view. 我们努力理解彼此的观点。 ⑧As a result, we... 结果，我们...。 ⑨To communicate better, you should... 为了更好地沟通，你应该......。 ⑩We found a solution that worked for both of us. 我们找到了一个对我们双方都有效的解决方案。 ⑪You should call your best friend and talk with him or her. 你应该打给你的朋友和他们聊一聊。 ⑫You should let your parents know your feelings. 你应该让你的父母知道你的感受。 ⑬Our relationship became stronger after that talk. 那次谈话之后我们的关系变得更牢固了。 ⑭I learned that communication is key to... 我认识到沟通是...的关键。 ⑮Hope everything goes well with you. 希望万事顺利。 名言 ①A problem shared is a problem halved. 分享问题等于解决一半问题。 ②Communication is the bridge between two hearts. 沟通是两颗心之间的桥梁。 ③Two heads are better than one. 三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。/集思广益。 4、 写作步骤 （1） Beginning 摆问题:简单介绍遇到的问题是什么，当时的感受（引出问题）。 Dear _______, I’m sorry to hear that you ...... We often have a lot of problems and worries in our daily life. Here is my advice/are my suggestions. （二）Body 详细描述沟通过程: ① 问题的具体表现（What happened?）； ② 交流的过程（How did you communicate? 说过什么、做过什么）； ③ 问题如何解决（What was the result?） Last year, I.... We argued about.... Later, I.... The first step is to … You had better … You should ...... It’s best to do .... It’s a good idea to do... 可以使用连接词使文章流畅：First, ... Then, ... Next, ... After that, ... Finally, ... / However, ... Therefore, ... As a result, .../ For example, ... 。 （三）Ending 谈想法: 沟通的结果是什么？关系有什么变化？你的感受如何？从中学到了什么（强调沟通的价值）？ I believe that if you....,you will...I hope that my advice can help you a lot. All in all, it's easy to get along well with your parents as long as you try your best. 五、例题精讲 你的朋友Tina成长阶段遇到了困惑，写信向你求助。假如你是李华，请根据她来信中的问题选取其中三点提出建议，并用英语给她回信。 Dear Li Hua, I’m not happy these days. Because I can’t get good grades and have too much pressure. I always feel lonely, so I spend more time playing computer games. My mother thinks it’s not safe to make friends on the Internet. Relations between my mother and I become difficult. What should I do? I hope you can give me some advice and help me solve these problems. Yours, Tina 要求： 1.短文应围绕以上信件中的相关问题展开，条理清楚，行文连贯； 2.短文中不能出现真实的人名、地名和校名等信息； 3.词数80左右，短文开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 【总体分析】 ①题材：本文是一篇书信作文。 ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”。 ③提示：对书信中的问题给出建议，注意行文连贯，逻辑清晰，无拼写和语法错误。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。借用“日常生活中的问题很正常”来引出重点介绍的内容，即针对Tina的问题提出建议； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“学习压力、孤独感、网络游戏和与母亲的关系”几个方面，针对Tina的问题提出具体的建议； 第三步，书写结语。表达“希望Tina的情况能尽快好转”的愿望。 Dear Tina, It’s normal to have problems in our daily life. I’m glad to give you my advice. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope things will be better for you soon. Yours, Li Hua 【例文】 Dear Tina, It’s normal to have problems in our daily life. I’m glad to give you my advice. First, you should spend more time on your study instead of playing computer games. If you have some problems, you can ask your teachers or classmates for help. Secondly, why not sit down and communicate with your mother? You can ask her not to push you so hard and you can make an effort to study. Last but not least, you should use the Internet wisely even if it is useful. You have to make friends online carefully. You can’t leave more personal information on the Internet. I hope things will be better for you soon. Yours, Li Hua 当堂训练 1、 单项选择。 1．The restaurant ________ free desserts ________ guests. A．offers; to B．provides; with C．offers; / D．provides; to 2．To celebrate International Students’ Day, many activities ________ around the world every year. A．take place B．take up C．take care D．take breaks —Believe in yourself. If you ________ hard, your dream will come true. A．will study B．studied C．study D．are studying 4．—How much is the ticket to Inner Mongolia? —A one-way ticket ________ 1800 yuan, and you can ________ another 300 yuan for a round-trip. A．costs; pay B．cost; spend C．pay; spend D．spends; pay 5．I want to have a ________ talk with you. A．face-to-face B．back to back C．shoulder to shoulder D．step by step 6．—Miss Zhang, what can I do to improve my English? —I think you should realize the ________ of learning English first. A．idea B．opinion C．difficulty D．importance 7．—Do you know if he ________ to play football with us? —I think he will come if he ________ free tomorrow. A．comes; is B．will come; will be C．will come; is 8．Tina will have a test tomorrow. She’s going over her lessons as ________ as possible ________. A．carefully; alone B．careful; by herself C．careful; on her own D．carefully; on herself 9．—Do you think we have a ________ of winning the game? —Of course. We practice a lot. A．difficulty B．chance C．choice D．change 10．—Teng Fei, you made a mistake. I think you should say sorry to Mom. —________. I’ll talk to her when she gets home. A．I’m afraid not B．I guess you’re right C．That’s really too bad D．I don’t agree with you 2、 根据所给汉语或首字母和句意完成填空。 1．The baby’s crying caught the mother’s (注意) right away. 2．Challenge (挑战) and (机会) always come together. 3．What about staying for two more days? I want to learn more about the (当地的) life. 4．Li Ming always cares about (细节) when he does everything. 5．With the help of (社交的) media, more and more people could see a bigger world. 6．The knowledge should be shared widely so that more people can (受益) from it. 7．You shouldn’t make the OK (手势)in Italy. 8．Helen’s friends and classmates all (信任) her, because she is very kind. 9．I like to watch the news because I hope to (弄清) what’s going on around the world. 10．After dinner, I always (提供) to do the dishes so that my parents can have a good rest. 11．We went to the museum and saw some old l tools. 12．Please pay much a to the meeting. We can’t talk with each other. 13．You mustn’t trust s easily when they ask about your personal information. 14．She p to read books at home rather than go out. 15．Joining the English club gives us many c to meet new friends. 三、根据句意提示，填写出单词的适当形式。 1. If you take a fish out of water, it （die）. 2. What (happen) if she watches TV at the party? 3.I’ll be glad to go to Jenny’s party if she (invite) me. 4. You (have) a good time if you go to the party. 5. If you don’t give up when you meet difficulties, you (make ) your dreams come true. 6. If he finds a ticket, he to the concert. (go) 7. If I now, I’ll get to Rome by this evening. (leave) 8. If it rains tomorrow, she (do) some reading at home. 9. You (know)more if you read more. 10. If it (rain) tomorrow, we won’t go for a picnic. 四、按要求改写句子。 1.It won’t rain. I will go to the park. (合并为一句) If it rain, I go to the park. 2.I will be free tomorrow. I will go fishing. (用if合并为一句话) If I tomorrow, I fishing. 3.I can finish the work on time. He’ll help me. (用if合并为一句) he me, I the work on time. 4.Tom spends much time on the computer. His mother isn’t happy. (用if合并为一句) Tom spends much time on the computer, his mother happy. 5.Linda makes her room untidy. Her parents are angry.（改为含if的主从复合句） Linda her room untidy, her parents angry. 五、完成句子。 1．如果汤姆下周来，我会带他参观我们的城市。（完成译句） If Tom comes next week, I will him our city. 2．通过努力工作, 我们最终弄清楚了疾病的来源。（汉译英） Through hard work, we finally the source of the disease. 3．如果你努力学习，你会成功的。 If you , you successful. 4．如果我们今天举行聚会，将会发生什么？ What if we the party today? 5．我不能和当地的人沟通，因为我不懂他们的语言。 I can’t the local people because I don’t know their language. 6．昨天我带朋友参观了我的新学校。 Yesterday I my new school. 7．我母亲非常注重烹饪健康的餐食。 My mother healthy meals. 8．科学家正努力查明恐龙是如何灭绝的。 The scientists are working hard to how the dinosaurs . 六．完形填空。 Will you feel nervous if you have to go to a party? Do you worry that you will have nothing to say 1 you meet new people? Here is some 2 that can help you. If you are meeting new people, the way you 3 is very important. It means that you should dress to fit in with the event. Studies show that people will 4 if they like you in the first five or ten seconds. It doesn’t mean that people are only looking for someone beautiful. They just want to know if you are like them or if you are very 5 . 6 the party time, let your body relax when you talk with people. Nod to show that you are 7 . Your body language speaks louder than words, so be 8 . After the event, take some time to review your performance. Tell 9 what you did very well at the event. In this way, your social abilities will 10 . 1．A．what B．when C．why D．how 2．A．hope B．space C．advice D．health 3．A．look B．laugh C．speak D．walk 4．A．expect B．ask C．decide D．believe 5．A．difficult B．angry C．kind D．different 6．A．Inside B．During C．Before D．Without 7．A．listening B．speaking C．reading D．writing 8．A．loud B．natural C．creative D．common 9．A．himself B．herself C．myself D．yourself 10．A．disagree B．promise C．improve D．organize 七、阅读理解。 We spend most of our time with friends we like. Well, what kind of people are popular with others? By being with some people just once, you start to like them. If you wonder why they attract (吸引) people and want to be a person like them, you should learn how to have the traits (特点) that they have. Firstly, everybody wants to be happy, and nobody wants to spend their time with an unhappy person. Well, you see, there is what you call mood linkage. If you are with a happy person, you are more likely to be happy, too. So if you are a happy person, many people will want to spend their time with you. Next, everybody needs encouragement (鼓励), because sometimes in our lives we meet failure, sadness, problems and other bad things. So if you always choose to cheer others up with encouraging words or actions, they would like to spend time with you. Lastly, you are not a friend if you don’t give a hand to your friends when they need help. You should always be helpful to them, because when you need help, they will be there for you, too. It feels good if people want to be your friends because of your character. So if you want to attract people, you should learn to have these traits. 1．What can be an example of “mood linkage”, according to the passage? A．You would like to help when someone is in need. B．You will be happy when someone loses his or her games. C．You will be happy when you are with happy people. D．You will laugh loudly when you hear funny stories. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．People who need help. B．People who would like to give a hand to others. C．People who are good at encouraging others. D．People who want to spend time with you. 3．What trait can help one to attract others according to the passage? A．Being helpful. B．Being careful. C．Being strict. D．Being beautiful. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②③④/⑤ C．①/②③④⑤ D．①②/③/④⑤ 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Ways to live a happy life B．Tips for making friends C．Traits needed to attract people D．Words for cheering others up 八、任务型阅读 Asking people to a party is an art. You must think about what kind of party you’re going to have first. If it is a small party, you can just give a call to your friends to invite them to the party. You can even e-mail them or just leave a message for them. Now, calling someone is an art, too. First, give a call to your friends, and then begin the talk by asking them about their life and family. Then ask them about their schedules (日程表) on the day of the party. If they say they are free, you can ask them to the party directly (直接地). If they are not free, then ask him to try to find time for your party. If you’re going to have a big party, and need to ask lots of people to your party, you must decide how many people you want at your party. Then you can write a list of them and send them beautiful invitation cards, because you may not have so much time to give them a call each. You must send the cards a few days before the party so that they can have enough time to prepare for it. 1．The ways that you can use to invite friends if you’re having a small party. (列举两项，10个词以内) 2．How do you begin the talk when you give a call to your friends? (10 个词以内) 3．What can you send to your friends if you have a big party? (5 个词以内) 4．What time should you send invitation cards? (8个词以内) 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? (10个词以内) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 prefer $ Unit 8 知识梳理 重点短语 1. finds ways to do sth. 找到做某事的方法 2. talk face to face面对面交谈 3. send text messages发送短信 4. make a video call打视频电话 5. send emails发送电子邮件 6. use sign language 使用手语 7. make a phone call打电话 8. on time 按时，准时 9. pick sb. up 接某人 10. show sb. around 带某人参观 11. try all the delicious local food 尝试所有美味的当地食物 12. play games with sb. 和某人玩游戏 13. wake sb. up 把某人吵醒 14. ask for sth. 寻求某物 15. take a break 休息 16. thanks for 为......而感谢 17. make things worse 使事情变更糟糕 18. make up (with sb.) (和某人)言归于好 19. the best way to do sth. 做某事最好的方式 20. in person 亲自;亲身 21. stay calm 保持冷静 22. talk on the phone 打电话 23. go jogging 去慢跑 24. need to do sth. 需要做某事 25. have difficulties in doing sth. 有困难做某事 26. write down 写下; 记下 27. drop sb. a line 给某人写信 28. have a conversation with a stranger和陌生人对话 29. It's time for sb. to do sb. 该某人做某事的时间 30. show interest in 对......表现出兴趣 31. one of +最高级+可数名词复数 ......之一 32. choose the right topic选择正确的话题 33. other personal Information其他的个人信息 34. be happy to do sth. 很高兴做某事 35. argue with sb. 和某人争吵; 和某人争论 36. move on to another topic 转移到另一个话题 37. have no idea 不知道 38. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 39. find out 找到;发型;查明 40. tell the truth 说实话; 说真话 41. pay attention to 注意 42. body language 身体语言 43. stand up straight 站直 44. play an important role in 在......中扮演重要角色 45. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 46. social media 社交媒体 47. instead of 代替; 而不是 48. build trust 建立信任 49. keep ...away from ... (使)远离; 避免...靠近 50. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 51. give a speech 发表演讲 52. take place 发生 53. cover all your travel and hotel costs 报销你所有的旅行和住宿费用 54. an excellent opportunity一个很好的机会 55. spare the time 抽出时间 56. benefit a lot from sb. 从某人身上受益匪浅 57. look forward to doing sth. 期望做某事 58. be a great honour to do sth. 做某事是极大的荣幸 59. hope to do sth.希望做某事 重点句型 1.If you come to my city, I'll show you around.如果你来我的城市，我会带你四处逛逛。 2.If I go there, I'll try all the delicious local food.如果我去那里，我会尝遍所有当地的美食。 3.Sometimes my friends and I argue but I don't know how to make up. 有时候我和朋友会吵架，但我不知道如何和好。 4.If you want to solve the problem, a face-to-face talk usually works the best. 如果你想解决问题，面对面交谈通常最有效。 5.If you want to make some new friends, this is a good chance. 如果你想交些新朋友，这是个好机会。 6.这是我表妹第一次来北京，所以我主动提出带她逛逛。 7.Texting can make things worse if you're not careful with your words. 如果你用词不注意，发短信可能会让事情变得更糟。 8.If the rehearsal ends at 7:00 p.m., I'll pick you up at 7:15 p.m. 如果排练晚上7点结束，我会在7点15分来接你。 9.If you stay calm and say sorry, it will help.如果你保持冷静并道歉，会有所帮助。 10.Do you get nervous when you talk to someone?你和别人说话时会紧张吗？ 11.Do you find it hard to have a conversation with a stranger?你觉得和陌生人交谈困难吗？ 12.If you have such worries, it is time for you to learn some more conversation skills. 如果你有这样的担忧，是时候学习一些更多的交谈技巧了。 13.Here are some tips for making better conversations.以下是一些让谈话更顺畅的建议。 14.Listen carefully and show interest in others.认真倾听并对他人表现出兴趣。 15.One of the most important things is to listen to the person you speak to. 最重要的一点是倾听与你交谈的人。 16.However, it is impolite to ask someone's age, weight, or other personal information. 然而，询问别人的年龄、体重或其他个人信息是不礼貌的。 17.If you want to make the other person happy, mention his or her strong points. 如果你想让对方开心，提及他或她的优点。 18.But don't just pretend to be nice, because people can find out you are not telling the truth. 但不要只是假装友善，因为人们会发现你没有说实话。 19.If you really work at it, you will find having conversations much easier. 如果你真的用心去做，你会发现交谈变得容易得多。 20.We would like to invite you to give a speech at our Education Talk event. 我们想邀请您在我们的“教育讲座”活动上发表演讲。 21.The event is an excellent opportunity for students, parents, and teachers to hear new opinions and ideas.该活动为学生、家长和老师提供了一个听取新观点和新想法的绝佳机会。 22.If you can spare the time to give a speech on teenagers' communication skills, we are sure the students will benefit a lot from you. 如果您能抽出时间就青少年的沟通技巧做一次演讲，我们相信学生们一定会受益匪浅。 23.It would be a great honour to have you speak at our school. 能邀请您来我校演讲将是我们莫大的荣幸。 31．我确信如果我尽力，我会实现我的决定。（be sure that; achieve one’s resolution） 【答案】I’m sure that I can achieve my resolution if I try my best. 【详解】我确信：I’m sure that；如果我尽力：if I try my best；我会：I can；实现我的决定：achieve my resolution。结合语境可知，此句整体是主从复合句，“I’m sure that...”是主句，后面“if I try my best”引导的条件状语从句是对“I can achieve my resolution”这个情况发生的条件说明。故填I’m sure that I can achieve my resolution if I try my best. 32．如果你想要放弃，为何不鼓励自己继续尝试呢？ 【答案】If you feel like giving up, why not encourage yourself to keep trying？ 【详解】根据汉语提示，时态为一般现在时。if“如果”；you“你”；feel like giving up“想要放弃”；why not do“为什么不做”；encourage oneself to do“鼓励自己去做”；keep trying“继续尝试”。故填If you feel like giving up, why not encourage yourself to keep trying？ 33．如果明天下雨，我们将待在家里。 【答案】If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 【详解】根据题干可知，句子考查if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则。if“如果”，引导条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母要大写；从句“If it rains tomorrow”中，“it”指代天气，“rains”是“rain”的三单形式；“tomorrow”作时间状语；主句“we will stay at home”中，“will stay”是一般将来时结构，表示“将会待在”；“at home”是固定短语，意为“在家”。故填If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 34．如果你赢得这场比赛，你可以获得任何奖品。 【答案】You can have any prize if you win the game. 【详解】你可以获得任何奖品： You can have any prize；如果你赢得这场比赛：if you win the game。结合语境可知，此句是由“if”引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般现在时“You can have any prize”，其中“can”是情态动词，后接动词原形“have”；从句用一般现在时“if you win the game”。故填You can have any prize if you win the game。 35．如果你愿意学习，你就会更加努力。 【答案】If you’re willing to learn, you’ll work harder. 【详解】根据题干可知，句子为典型的if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则；if引导从句，位于句首，首字母要大写；you“你”，作从句、主句的主语；be willing to do sth.“愿意做某事”，形容词短语，be动词应用are；learn“学习”，动词；work harder“更加努力”，固定搭配，从句为一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形。故填If you’re willing to learn, you’ll work harder. 重点语法 一、If引导的条件状语从句 含义 条件状语从句由if引导，表示"如果"，通常描述一个可能发生的条件，主句则描述在该条件下可能产生的结果。（当主句是一般将来时时，从句用一般现在时表将来） 基本结构 肯定句 If + 主语 + 动词原形/三单， 主语 + will + 动词原形 例：If it rains, we will stay at home. 否定句 If + 主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形， 主语 + won't + 动词原形 例：If she doesn't hurry, she won't catch the bus. 疑问句 Will + 主语 + 动词原形 if + 主语 + 动词原形/三单？ 例：Will you go shopping if you have time? 注意事项： 1.条件从句中不能使用将来时，即使表示的是将来的情况，也要用一般现在时。2.当if从句位于句首时，需要用逗号与主句隔开；当if从句位于句末时，通常不需要逗号。 3.if既可以引导条件状语从句（意为"如果"），也可以引导宾语从句（意为"是否"），需根据上下文区分。 二、“祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句” 结构 用法介绍 该结构用于替代 if 引导的条件句，表达 “做某事就会……” 或 “不做某事就会……” 的逻辑。and 表顺承（相当于 “如果…… 就……”），or 表转折（相当于 “如果不…… 就会……”）。 结构类型 含义 示例 祈使句 + and + 陈述句 做某事，就会…… Study hard, and you will get good grades.（努力学习，你就会取得好成绩。） 祈使句 + or + 陈述句 不做某事，就会…… Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.（快点，否则你会错过公交车。） 注意事项 1. 陈述句的时态：陈述句常用一般将来时（will + 动词原形），表未来的结果，如 “Save water, and we will have enough for future.（节约用水，我们未来就会有足够的水。）” 2. 祈使句的动词形式：祈使句用动词原形开头（省略主语 you），如 “Come early, and you can meet her.（早点来，你就能见到她。）” 3. 与 if 从句的转换：该结构可与 if 条件句互换，如 “Hurry up, or you’ll be late. = If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.（快点，否则你会迟到。）” 【即学即练】 1．—Does your father have a hobby? —No, ________ you call going fishing a hobby. A．unless B．because C．although D．if 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你的父亲有爱好吗？——没有，除非你把钓鱼叫做爱好。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；because因为；although虽然；if如果。根据“you call going fishing a hobby”可知，除非把钓鱼当成一个爱好，否则他就没有爱好。故选A。 2．If it ________ tomorrow, we ________ a picnic in the park. A．won’t rain; will have B．doesn’t rain; will have C．won’t rain; have D．doesn’t rain; have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园野餐。 考查if引导的条件状语从句。在if引导的条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来；从句“If it … tomorrow”需用一般现在时表将来，主语是it，因此用doesn’t rain；主句“we … a picnic in the park.”描述将来的情况，“will+动词原形”表示将来某个时间要发生的动作，因此用will have。故选B。 3． We can have a wonderful future ________ we work hard. A．if B．unless C．so D．although 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果我们努力学习，我们会有一个美好的未来。 考查连词辨析。if如果；unless如果不，除非；so所以；although虽然。根据前后句关系可知，从句表达是假设关系，是一种肯定条件，故用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 4．—It’s so sad that we can’t go to the same university. —Don’t worry. ________ we can keep in touch with each other, our friendship will be stronger and stronger. A．If B．Although C．But D．Because 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们不能上同一所大学真是太遗憾了。——不要担心。如果我们能保持联系，我们的友谊会越来越牢固。 考查连词辨析。If如果；Although虽然，尽管；But但是；Because因为。根据“we can keep in touch with each other, our friendship will be stronger and stronger.”可知，“我们能彼此保持联系”是一种假设条件，“我们的友谊会越来越深厚”是在这种假设条件下产生的结果，故此处应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 5． I think my aunt ________ to our house if it ________ tomorrow. A．will come, won’t rain B．will come, doesn’t rain C．comes, won’t rain D．comes, rains 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想如果明天不下雨，我阿姨会来我们家。 考查条件状语从句的时态用法。分析句子结构可知，这是一个包含宾语从句和条件状语从句的复合句。“will come”用在主句中，符合一般将来时，“doesn’t rain”是一般现在时，用在条件状语从句中，符合“主将从现”的规则，故选B。 6． My best friend Lucy is good at writing. I’m sure she will get a good place ________ she takes part in the writing competition. A．if B．while C．because D．before 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我最好的朋友Lucy擅长写作。我相信如果她参加写作比赛，她会获得好成绩。 考查连词辨析。if如果；while然而；because因为；before在……之前。根据空前后关系可知，后句是前句的条件，应用if引导条件状语从句，表示假设的情况，故选A。 7． If her son ________a doctor, she ________ very happy. A．will be; becomes B．becomes; will be C．will be; is D．will be; will be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果她的儿子成为一名医生，她将非常高兴。 考查动词时态。will be; becomes从句将来时，主句一般现在时；becomes; will be从句一般现在时，主句将来时；will be; is从句和主句都使用了一般现在时；will be; will be从句和主句都使用了将来时。根据“If her son … a doctor, she… very happy.”可知，此句是一个主从复合句，if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时will do，从句用一般现在时，主语是her son，谓语动词用三单。故选B。 8．如果发生火灾，保持冷静。 there is a fire, . 【答案】 If stay/keep calm 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少“如果”和“保持冷静”。if“如果”，连词，句首首字母大写；stay/keep calm“保持冷静”，动词短语，此处是祈使句的肯定形式，所以动词stay/keep保持原形。故填If；stay/keep；calm。 9．如果你点击其中一个广告，你可能会意外地将病毒下载到你的电脑或手机上。 you one of the ads, you may accidentally onto your computer or phone. 【答案】 If click download viruses 【详解】如果：if；点击：click；下载：download；病毒：virus，此处用复数viruses表泛指，故填If；click；download；viruses。 10．You wear AR contact lenses. You can play ping-pong with absent friends. (合并为含 if 的复合句) 【答案】If you wear AR contact lenses, you can play ping-pong with absent friends. 【详解】句意：你佩戴着增强现实隐形眼镜。你可以和不在场的朋友打乒乓球。根据题干要求可知，此处用if引导条件状语从句，连接两个句子，表达“如果……就……”的逻辑。结合原句可知，“You can play ping-pong with absent friends.”是主句，因为它表示结果。“You wear AR contact lenses.”是条件，所以用“if”引导作为从句。故填If you wear AR contact lenses, you can play ping-pong with absent friends. 11．The more you practice speaking English, the better your pronunciation will be. (同义句转换) you practice speaking English more, you can your pronunciation. 【答案】 If improve 【详解】句意：你英语练习得越多，你的发音就会越好。根据题干可知，原句可改写为由if引导的条件状语从句，“you practice speaking English”为条件，用if引导，“the better your pronunciation will be”为成果，improve“改善，提高”，符合“发音变得更好”的句意，can为情态动词，后加动词原形，句首首字母大写。故填If; improve。 重点知识 1.辨析happen与take place 词（组） 用法 happen 意为“发生；碰巧”，一般用于偶然或者突发的事件 sth. happen（s） to sb.某人发生某事 sb. happen（s） to do sth.某人碰巧做某事 take place 意为“发生；出现；举行”，一般指有计划的安排 【注意】①二者均有“发生”之意，都是不及物动词（词组），不能用于被动语态。 ②二者表示的都是“瞬间”的意思，不能与表示时间段的状语连用。 2.Some of you may prefer texting prefer 意为“更喜欢”，相当于“like… better”，用法如下： 1.If you come to my city, I'll show you around.如果你来我的城市，我会带你四处逛逛。 词性 意义及用法 动词 意为“给……看；展示”，show sb. sth. ＝ show sth. to sb. 意为“给某人看（展示）某物” 意为“引，领，带”，show sb. around 意为“带某人参观某地” 意为“表示，显露”，show up意为“出现，露面”，show off意为“炫耀” 名词 意为“演出；节目；展览，展览会”，talk show意为“访谈节目”，on show意为“展览；陈列” 3.Thank you for the advice ! 【易混辨析】advice与suggestion，两者都可表示“建议”，其区别如下： advice 不可数名词，表示“一条建议”要用a piece of advice suggestion 可数名词，复数形式为suggestions Eg. I asked my teacher for some advice.我向老师征求一些建议。 I asked my teacher for some suggestions. 我向老师征求一些建议。 【拓展延伸】suggestion（n） advice（n） suggest（v） advise（v） suggest doing sth 建议做某事 advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 advise doing sth 建议做某事 建议 重点： 常见用法 advice是不可数名词,意为“劝告;建议",可以用some, much, a piece of等修饰。如a piece of advice意为"一条建议";two pieces of advice意为"两条建议"。常与advice措配的形容词有good,useful, helpful等。 I need some advice about my computer.我需要一些有关我的电脑的建议。 背例句学搭配 My father once gave me some useful advice,我父亲曾经给过我一些有用的建议。 He decided to get some advice from an expert他决定从一位专家那里获得一些建议。 He followed/took his doctor's advice and stuck to a low-fat diet.他听从/采纳了他的医生的建议,坚持低脂饮食。Can I ask your advice on/about learning English?我能问一下你关于学习英语的建议吗? 固定搭配 ①give sb. some advice给某人一些建议 ②get some advice ( from sb.)(从某人那里)获得一些建议 ③follow/take sb. 's advice 听从/采纳某人的建议 ④ask sb. 's advice on/about..问某人关于...的建议 联想拓展 advice的动词形式为advise。advise的常见搭配有: ①advise sb. ( not) to do sth.建议某人(不)做某事 ②advise sb.on/about sth.为某人提供关于某事的建议 4.If the rehearsal ends at 7:00 p.m., I'll pick you up at 7:15 p.m. 如果排练晚上7点结束，我会在7点15分来接你。 ①拾起、捡起 例句：He picked up the book from the floor.（他从地板上把书捡了起来。） ②接（人） 例句：I'll pick you up at the airport at 6 pm.（我晚上六点会去机场接你。） ③取（物） 例句：I need to pick up my dry cleaning on the way home.（我回家路上得去取干洗的衣服。） ④（不经意地）学会例句：Kids pick up languages very quickly.（小孩子学语言非常快。） ⑤获得（技能、知识） 例句：I picked up a few tips from watching cooking shows.（我看烹饪节目学到了一些小窍门。） ⑥改善，好转（尤指经济、健康、天气） 例句：The economy is finally picking up.（经济终于开始好转了。） ⑦重新开始，继续 例句：Let's pick up where we left off yesterday.（让我们从昨天停下的地方继续。） ⑧买单 例句：Don't worry about the bill, I'll pick it up.（别担心账单，我来付。） ⑨便宜地买到 例句：I picked up this vintage jacket at a thrift store for only $10.（我在旧货店只花了10美元就淘到了这件复古夹克。） ⑩接收（信号、电台、声音） 例句：My phone can't pick up a signal in the mountains.（我的手机在山里接收不到信号。） 5.If I go there, I'll try all the delicious local food.如果我去那里，我会尝遍所有当地的美食。 try的用法如下： 6.Sometimes my friends and I argue but I don't know how to make up. 有时候我和朋友会吵架，但我不知道如何和好。 1） 不及物动词：争论，争吵 指双方或多方因意见不合而进行言语上的争执。后面常接介词 with, about, 或 over。 argue with sb (about/over sth)：与某人（为某事）争吵 例句：My parents are always arguing about money.（我父母总是为钱争吵。） 2）及物动词：主张，认为，论证 指提出理由或证据来支持自己的观点、立场。后面常接 that 引导的宾语从句。 argue that...：主张...，认为... 例句：The lawyer argued that his client was innocent.（律师力辩他的委托人是无辜的。） 3.）及物动词：辩论，讨论 后面直接接辩论的主题作为宾语。 argue sth：辩论某事 例句：We need to sit down and argue the matter calmly. （我们需要坐下来冷静地讨论这件事。） 常用动词短语 argue for sth：支持，主张，赞成（某事） argue against sth：反对，反驳（某事） argue sb into/out of (doing) sth：说服某人做/不做某事 7.辨析pay， spend， take与cost 词汇 常用句型 pay sb. pay（s） some money for sth. spend sb. spend（s） some money on sth./doing sth. sb. spend（s） some time on sth./（in） doing sth. take It takes （sb.） some time to do sth./sth. takes some time cost sth. cost（s） sb. some money 写作提分点拨：pay off意为“成功；奏效；达到目的”，可用于表示辛苦的付出终有回报。如：Our hard work paid off. 我们的努力得到了回报。 8.be worried about 为……担忧 【解析】be worried about意为“担心”，强调状态，后面接名词、代词、或动词-ing形式作宾语。其中worried是形容词，意为“担心的；担忧的”。 We are all worried about her health. 我们都为她的健康担忧。 【拓展】worry作动词，意为“担心；担忧”，worry about 意为“担心”，强调动作。 Don't worry about her. She can pass the test because she studies hard. 不要担心她。因为她努力学习，她可以通过考试的。 9.If you have such worries, it is time for you to learn some more conversation skills. 如果你有这样的担忧，是时候学习一些更多的交谈技巧了。 It’s time （for sb.） to do sth.句型 句型 意义 It’s time （for sb.）to do sth. 到（某人）该做某事的时间了。 It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。 It’s the/one’s＋序数词＋time＋to do sth. 某人第几次做某事。 如： ①The new year is coming， and it’s time for us to make New Year’s resolutions. 新年就要到了，是我们做新年计划的时候了。 ②It’s 12 o’clock now. It’s time for lunch.现在12点了。该吃午饭了。 ③It’s her first time to visit the Great Wall.这是她第一次参观长城。 10.However, it is impolite to ask someone's age, weight, or other personal information. 然而，询问别人的年龄、体重或其他个人信息是不礼貌的。 It’s＋adj.＋（for/of sb.）to do sth.句型 （1） It’s＋adj.＋（for sb.） ＋to do sth.，意为“（对某人来说）做某事是……的”。其中it是形式主语，句中的动词不定式是真正的主语。 如：It’s necessary for students to have some labor courses. 学生上一些劳动课程是很有必要的。 （2）It’s＋adj.＋of sb.＋to do sth.，意为“某人做某事是……的”。其中所用的形容词为描述行为者的性格、品质的一类词。 如：It’s very nice of you to offer me help. 你能主动帮我，真是太善良了。 11.difficulty 1. 表示“做某事有困难” 这是最常见的用法，有几种经典句型： a) Have difficulty (in) doing something后面直接接动词的 -ing 形式。 例句：Many students have difficulty (in) understanding native speakers.（很多学生很难听懂母语人士说话。） b) There is difficulty (in) doing something这是一个更正式的句式。 例句：There was some difficulty (in) convincing him to come.（要说服他来有些困难。） 2. 表示“面临/遇到困难” a) Experience / face / encounter difficulties difficulty 通常用作可数名词，指具体的困难。 例句：The company is facing financial difficulties.（公司正面临财务困难。） b) Run into / come across difficulties指“偶然遇到，碰上”困难。 例句：If you run into any difficulties, don't hesitate to ask for help. （如果你遇到任何困难，尽管求助。） 3. 表示“克服/解决困难” Overcome / solve / resolve a difficulty 例句：With teamwork, we can overcome any difficulty.（通过团队合作，我们可以克服任何困难。） have great difficulty（有很大困难） have some difficulty（有些困难） have no difficulty (in) doing sth（做某事毫无困难） 12.He thinks the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to.他认为第一步是找到你信任的某个人谈一谈。　 trust作动词时,意为“相信;信任",其后可以直接跟名词、代词等作宾语。其作名词表示“信任；新来；相信”时，为不可数名词 I don't trust him.我不信任他。 Can we trust these data?我们能相信这些数据吗? 背例句学搭配 You shouldn't put your trust in a man like that你不应该相信像那样的一个男人。 Can we trust them to look after the house?我们能信任他们照看房子吗? You can't trust the trains to run on time.你不能指望火车会准时运行。 I wouldn't trust him with the keys我不会放心把钥匙交给他。 固定搭配 ①put one's trust in sb.信任某人 ②trust sb. to do sth.信任某人做某事 ③trust sth, to do sth.相信某物做某事;相信某物会正常工作 ④trust sb. with sth.把某物托付给/放心交给某人 13.honour 词性 主要意思 常用搭配 例句 名词 (不可数) 荣誉，名誉 a great honour, a man of honour It's an honour to meet you. 名词 (可数) 荣誉，奖项 receive honours, military honours He won many honours for his work. 动词 向...致敬 honour sb/sth We honour our ancestors. 动词 履行，兑现 honour an agreement You must honour your promise. 书面表达 1、 写作主题 交流与沟通 2、 主题分析 本单元以“交流与沟通”为话题，主要探讨如何运用沟通技巧解决生活、学习或者人际交往中出现的一些困惑或者烦恼，并提出相关建议。此类话题涉及的写作以书信、日记等体裁为主，人称多为第一人称，时态涉及一般现在时和一般过去时。 三、写作积累 （一）.常用的词汇： 词汇 difficulty , challenge , misunderstanding, conflict, argument , misunderstanding, communication, explain ,disagreement, apologize ,understand, solve, patience, trust 短语 feel stressed /confused / upset , argue with..., have trouble (doing)... , disagree with... , listen to, in person, worry about, by yourself, benefit...from... calm down, put oneself in one’s shoes, send emails, open one’s heart, keep calm clear up the misunderstanding, reach an agreement, have a face-to-face talk, make a phone call （二）.常用的句型句式： 句型 ①I am sorry to hear that you have problems with your parents.     听说你和你的父母出现了问题，我很难过。 ②It's normal to feel worried before exams. 考前感到焦虑是很正常的。 ③We often have a lot of problems and worries in our daily life.     我们日常生活中总是有很多的问题和焦虑。 ④I decided to talk to... about it. 我决定和...谈谈这件事。 ⑤We sat down and had an honest conversation. 我们坐下来进行了一次坦诚的对话。 ⑥I explained how I felt and why... 我解释了我的感受以及为什么...。 ⑦We tried to understand each other's point of view. 我们努力理解彼此的观点。 ⑧As a result, we... 结果，我们...。 ⑨To communicate better, you should... 为了更好地沟通，你应该......。 ⑩We found a solution that worked for both of us. 我们找到了一个对我们双方都有效的解决方案。 ⑪You should call your best friend and talk with him or her. 你应该打给你的朋友和他们聊一聊。 ⑫You should let your parents know your feelings. 你应该让你的父母知道你的感受。 ⑬Our relationship became stronger after that talk. 那次谈话之后我们的关系变得更牢固了。 ⑭I learned that communication is key to... 我认识到沟通是...的关键。 ⑮Hope everything goes well with you. 希望万事顺利。 名言 ①A problem shared is a problem halved. 分享问题等于解决一半问题。 ②Communication is the bridge between two hearts. 沟通是两颗心之间的桥梁。 ③Two heads are better than one. 三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。/集思广益。 4、 写作步骤 （1） Beginning 摆问题:简单介绍遇到的问题是什么，当时的感受（引出问题）。 Dear _______, I’m sorry to hear that you ...... We often have a lot of problems and worries in our daily life. Here is my advice/are my suggestions. （二）Body 详细描述沟通过程: ① 问题的具体表现（What happened?）； ② 交流的过程（How did you communicate? 说过什么、做过什么）； ③ 问题如何解决（What was the result?） Last year, I.... We argued about.... Later, I.... The first step is to … You had better … You should ...... It’s best to do .... It’s a good idea to do... 可以使用连接词使文章流畅：First, ... Then, ... Next, ... After that, ... Finally, ... / However, ... Therefore, ... As a result, .../ For example, ... 。 （三）Ending 谈想法: 沟通的结果是什么？关系有什么变化？你的感受如何？从中学到了什么（强调沟通的价值）？ I believe that if you....,you will...I hope that my advice can help you a lot. All in all, it's easy to get along well with your parents as long as you try your best. 五、例题精讲 你的朋友Tina成长阶段遇到了困惑，写信向你求助。假如你是李华，请根据她来信中的问题选取其中三点提出建议，并用英语给她回信。 Dear Li Hua, I’m not happy these days. Because I can’t get good grades and have too much pressure. I always feel lonely, so I spend more time playing computer games. My mother thinks it’s not safe to make friends on the Internet. Relations between my mother and I become difficult. What should I do? I hope you can give me some advice and help me solve these problems. Yours, Tina 要求： 1.短文应围绕以上信件中的相关问题展开，条理清楚，行文连贯； 2.短文中不能出现真实的人名、地名和校名等信息； 3.词数80左右，短文开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 【总体分析】 ①题材：本文是一篇书信作文。 ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”。 ③提示：对书信中的问题给出建议，注意行文连贯，逻辑清晰，无拼写和语法错误。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。借用“日常生活中的问题很正常”来引出重点介绍的内容，即针对Tina的问题提出建议； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“学习压力、孤独感、网络游戏和与母亲的关系”几个方面，针对Tina的问题提出具体的建议； 第三步，书写结语。表达“希望Tina的情况能尽快好转”的愿望。 Dear Tina, It’s normal to have problems in our daily life. I’m glad to give you my advice. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope things will be better for you soon. Yours, Li Hua 【例文】 Dear Tina, It’s normal to have problems in our daily life. I’m glad to give you my advice. First, you should spend more time on your study instead of playing computer games. If you have some problems, you can ask your teachers or classmates for help. Secondly, why not sit down and communicate with your mother? You can ask her not to push you so hard and you can make an effort to study. Last but not least, you should use the Internet wisely even if it is useful. You have to make friends online carefully. You can’t leave more personal information on the Internet. I hope things will be better for you soon. Yours, Li Hua 当堂训练 1、 单项选择。 1．The restaurant ________ free desserts ________ guests. A．offers; to B．provides; with C．offers; / D．provides; to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这家餐厅为客人提供免费的甜点。 考查动词短语辨析。offers sth. to sb.向某人提供某物；provides ... with为某人提供某物；offers sb sth向某人提供某物；provides不跟to搭配使用。根据“free desserts ... guests”可知，这里应用动词短语offers sth. to sb.。故选A。 2．To celebrate International Students’ Day, many activities ________ around the world every year. A．take place B．take up C．take care D．take breaks 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了庆祝国际学生日，每年世界各地都会举办许多活动。 考查动词短语辨析。take place发生，举行；take up占据；take care小心，注意；take breaks休息。根据“many activities ... around the world every year.”可知，指的是举办许多活动。故选A。 3．—I really want to go to college for further study. —Believe in yourself. If you ________ hard, your dream will come true. A．will study B．studied C．study D．are studying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我真的很想上大学深造。——相信你自己。如果你努力学习，你的梦想就会实现。 考查一般现在时。在if引导的条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。从句主语是you，谓语动词用原形study。故选C。 4．—How much is the ticket to Inner Mongolia? —A one-way ticket ________ 1800 yuan, and you can ________ another 300 yuan for a round-trip. A．costs; pay B．cost; spend C．pay; spend D．spends; pay 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——去内蒙古的票多少钱？——单程票花费1800元，你可以再付300元买一张往返票。 考查动词辨析。cost花费，主语是物，常用结构为“sth. cost(s) (sb.) + 金钱”；pay支付，主语是人，常用结构为“sb. pay(s) + 金钱 + for sth.”；spend花费，主语是人，常用结构为“sb. spend(s) + 金钱/时间 + on sth./ (in) doing sth.”。根据语境可知，第一空主语是“A one-way ticket”，是物，所以用costs；第二空主语是“you”，是人，且后面有“for a round-trip”，所以用pay。故选A。 5．I want to have a ________ talk with you. A．face-to-face B．back to back C．shoulder to shoulder D．step by step 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想和你进行一次面对面的交谈。 考查短语辨析。face-to-face面对面的；back to back背靠背；shoulder to shoulder肩并肩；step by step逐步地。根据“talk with you”可知，此处应是面对面的交谈，且为形容词作定语修饰名词talk。故选A。 6．—Miss Zhang, what can I do to improve my English? —I think you should realize the ________ of learning English first. A．idea B．opinion C．difficulty D．importance 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——张老师，我怎样才能提高英语？——我认为你应该首先意识到学习英语的重要性。 考查名词辨析。idea想法；opinion观点；difficulty困难；importance重要性。根据题干语境可知，提高英语的关键是认识到其“重要性”。故选D。 7．—Do you know if he ________ to play football with us? —I think he will come if he ________ free tomorrow. A．comes; is B．will come; will be C．will come; is 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道他将会和我们踢足球吗？——我认为如果他明天有空，他将会来。 考查if的用法。第一空所在的句子中，if引导的是宾语从句，意为“是否”。当主句是一般现在时态或含情态动词的句子，宾语从句应该根据需要选用任何时态，根据语境可知用一般将来时；第二空所在的句子中，if引导的是条件状语从句，意为“如果”，当主句是一般将来时态，从句应用一般现在时态表将来，所以第二空应是一般现在时。故选C。 8．Tina will have a test tomorrow. She’s going over her lessons as ________ as possible ________. A．carefully; alone B．careful; by herself C．careful; on her own D．carefully; on herself 【答案】A 【详解】句意：蒂娜明天有一场考试。她正尽可能认真地独自复习功课。 考查副词用法和短语辨析。carefully认真地，副词；alone独自地，副词；careful认真的，形容词；by herself独自地，强调自己完成；on her own独自地，强调独立；on herself错误表达。根据“She’s going over her lessons as...as possible”可知，第一空修饰动词，用副词carefully，故排除B和C；第二空表示“独自复习”，用副词alone。故选A。 9．—Do you think we have a ________ of winning the game? —Of course. We practice a lot. A．difficulty B．chance C．choice D．change 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你认为我们有机会赢得这场比赛吗？——当然。我们练习了很多。 考查名词词义辨析。difficulty困难；chance机会；choice选择；change改变。根据“Of course. We practice a lot.”可知，应询问是不是有机会赢得比赛。故选B。 10．—Teng Fei, you made a mistake. I think you should say sorry to Mom. —________. I’ll talk to her when she gets home. A．I’m afraid not B．I guess you’re right C．That’s really too bad D．I don’t agree with you 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——腾飞，你犯错误了。我认为你应该跟妈妈说抱歉。——我想你是对的。她回家后我会跟她谈的。考查情景交际。I’m afraid not恐怕不行；I guess you’re right我想你是对的；That’s really too bad那真的太糟糕了；I don’t agree with you我不同意你的看法。根据“I’ll talk to her when she gets home.”可知，对方表示会跟妈妈谈一谈，此处应是对对方的观点表示赞同。故选B。 2、 根据所给汉语或首字母和句意完成填空。 1．The baby’s crying caught the mother’s (注意) right away. 【答案】attention 【详解】句意：婴儿的哭声立刻引起了母亲的注意。根据“The baby’s crying caught the mother’s … right away. ”以及汉语提示可知，此处指引起注意，attention“注意”，名词；catch one’s attention“引起某人的注意”，固定短语。故填attention。 2．Challenge (挑战) and (机会) always come together. 【答案】chance 【详解】句意：挑战与机会总是相伴而来。“机会”常见的英文表达是“chance”，and连接两个并列的名词，“challenge”用的是单数形式，所以“机会”也用单数“chance”。故填chance。 3．What about staying for two more days? I want to learn more about the (当地的) life. 【答案】local 【详解】句意：再住两天怎么样？我想更多地了解当地的生活。根据句子结构，空格处应填入形容词作定语。根据所给中文提示，可拼写出单词local，形容词，符合句子结构，故填local。 4．Li Ming always cares about (细节) when he does everything. 【答案】details 【详解】句意：李明做事情时他总是关注细节。detail细节，可数名词。根据句意可知，此处用名词复数。故填details。 5．With the help of (社交的) media, more and more people could see a bigger world. 【答案】social 【详解】句意：在社交媒体的帮助下，越来越多的人能够看到更广阔的世界。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查social“社交的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“media”。故填social。 6．The knowledge should be shared widely so that more people can (受益) from it. 【答案】benefit 【详解】句意：这些知识应该被广泛分享，这样更多人可以从中受益。“受益”benifit，情态动词后应接动词原形，benefit from“从……中收益” ，动词短语。故填benefit。 7．You shouldn’t make the OK (手势)in Italy. 【答案】gesture 【详解】句意：你不应该在意大利做“OK”的手势。由语境和所给的中文提示可知，gesture意为“手势”；“the OK”是一个手势，因此需用单数。故填gesture。 8．Helen’s friends and classmates all (信任) her, because she is very kind. 【答案】trust 【详解】句意：海伦的朋友和同学都信任她，因为她很善良。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用动词trust“信任”，作谓语；句子描述一般事实“because she is very kind”，故使用一般现在时；主语是Helen’s friends and classmates，复数，因此谓语动词需用原形。故填trust。 9．I like to watch the news because I hope to (弄清) what’s going on around the world. 【答案】 find out 【详解】句意：我喜欢看新闻，因为我希望了解世界各地发生的事情。根据句意可知，此处表示“弄清”，用动词短语“find out”，且“hope to do sth.”表示“希望做某事”，所以“find”用原形。故填find；out。 10．After dinner, I always (提供) to do the dishes so that my parents can have a good rest. 【答案】offer 【详解】句意：晚饭后，我总是主动提出洗碗，好让父母能好好休息。根据空前的“I always”可知，“always”是一般现在时的标志词，主语“I”为第一人称，谓语动词需用原形，提示含义为“提供”，对应的英文动词“offer”，“offer to do the dishes”表示“主动提出洗碗”，故填offer。 11．We went to the museum and saw some old l tools. 【答案】(l)ocal 【详解】句意：我们去了博物馆，看到了一些古老的当地工具。根据“We went to the museum and saw some old…tools.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指当地的工具，local“当地的”，形容词，修饰名词tools；“local”符合首字母“l”的提示。故填(l)ocal。 12．Please pay much a to the meeting. We can’t talk with each other. 【答案】attention/ttention 【详解】句意：请多关注这次会议，我们不能互相交谈。根据“We can’t talk with each other.”及首字母a可知，会议需要专注参与，这里是pay attention to，表示“关注”，attention符合语境。故填attention。 13．You mustn’t trust s easily when they ask about your personal information. 【答案】(s)trangers 【详解】句意：当陌生人询问你的个人信息时，你不能轻易相信他们。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，名词stranger“陌生人”符合语境，结合“they”可知，此处需用stranger的复数形式strangers。故填(s)trangers。 14．She p to read books at home rather than go out. 【答案】(p)refers 【详解】句意：她宁愿待在家里读书也不愿意外出。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事也不愿做某事，该句描述的是一般事实，所以用一般现在时，主语“She”是第三人称单数，所以prefer用第三人称单数形式prefers，故填(p)refers。 15．Joining the English club gives us many c to meet new friends. 【答案】(c)hances 【详解】句意：加入英语俱乐部给我们提供了很多结识新朋友的机会。根据“to meet new friends”及首字母提示可知，空处意为“机会”，chance“机会”符合语境，根据“many”可知，此处要用复数。故填(c)hances。 三、根据句意提示，填写出单词的适当形式。 1. If you take a fish out of water, it （die）. 【答案】dies 【详解】句意： 如果你把鱼从水里捞出来，它就会死。if条件状语从句如果内容是客观真理，则主句不用一般将来时，用一般现在时。鱼离开水，会死，这是事实情况，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填dies。 2. What (happen) if she watches TV at the party? 【答案】will happen 【详解】句意：如果她在晚会上看电视会发生什么？if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现” 3.I’ll be glad to go to Jenny’s party if she (invite) me. 【答案】invites 【详解】句意：如果珍妮邀请我，我会很高兴去参加她的聚会。 本题考查if引导的条件状语从句，需遵循“主将从现”的原则：主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来；从句主语“she”是第三人称单数，动词用第三人称单数形式invites。故填invites。 4. You (have) a good time if you go to the party. 【答案】will have 【详解】句意：如果你去参加聚会，你将会玩得很开心。根据“if you go to the party”可知，if引导条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”原则，主句使用一般将来时（will do）。故填will have。 5. If you don’t give up when you meet difficulties, you (make ) your dreams come true. 【答案】will make 【详解】句意：如果你在遇到困难时不放弃，你就会实现你的梦想。根据“If you don’t give up when you meet difficulties”可知，句中为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，故主句用一般将来时will+do。故填will make。 6. If he finds a ticket, he to the concert. (go) 【答案】will go 【详解】句意：如果他找到票，他就会去看音乐会。根据“If”可知，此处考查条件状语从句。从句用一般现在时，主句为一般现来时，结构为：will do。故填will go。 7. If I now, I’ll get to Rome by this evening. (leave) 【答案】leave 【详解】句意：如果我现在离开，我今晚就能到罗马。leave“离开”，动词。分析句子可知，本句含有if引导的条件状语从句，且主句是一般将来时，遵循主将从现，从句使用一般现在时，且从句主语是I，因此leave用原形即可。故填leave。 8. If it rains tomorrow, she (do) some reading at home. 【答案】will do 【详解】句意：如果明天下雨，她就会在家看书。根据“If it rains tomorrow”可知这是if引导的条件状语从句，在时态上要遵循“主将从现”原则，此处是主句，用一般将来时will do的结构。故填will do。 9. You (know)more if you read more. 【答案】will know 【详解】句意：如果你多读书，你就会知道得更多。根据“if”可知，此处考查if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，即主句时态用一般将来时，从句时态用一般现在时。此处是主句，所以时态要用一将来时“will do”，故填will know。 10. If it (rain) tomorrow, we won’t go for a picnic. 【答案】rains 【详解】句意：如果明天下雨，我们就不去野餐了。rain“下雨”；if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，故填rains。 3、 按要求改写句子。 1.It won’t rain. I will go to the park. (合并为一句) If it rain, I go to the park. 【答案】 doesn’t will 【详解】句意：不会下雨的。我要去公园。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。it作主语，否定句助动词用doesn’t；第二空用will+go构成一般将来时。故填doesn’t；will。 2.I will be free tomorrow. I will go fishing. (用if合并为一句话) If I tomorrow, I fishing. 【答案】 am free will go 【详解】句意： 我明天有空。我去钓鱼。用if合并为一句，if引导条件状语从句，主语用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，从句主语为I，单数第一人称，be动词用am，free不变；主句应用一般将来时，动词go前面加助动词will。故填am；free；will；go。 3.I can finish the work on time. He’ll help me. (用if合并为一句) he me, I the work on time. 【答案】 If helps can finish 【详解】句意：我能按时完成工作。他会帮我的。如果用if将这两句合并为一句，可表述为“如果他帮我，我就能按时完成工作”，主句的谓语由情态动词can加动词原形finish构成，主句含有情态动词can，则if引导的条件状语从句通常采用一般现在时，从句的主语he表示单数，所以动词help要变成第三人称单数形式helps，if位于句首，首字母i要大写。故填If；helps；can；finish。 4.Tom spends much time on the computer. His mother isn’t happy. (用if合并为一句) Tom spends much time on the computer, his mother happy. 【答案】 If won’t be 【详解】句意：汤姆花很多时间玩电脑。他的妈妈不高兴。用if合并为一句，可以表达为“如果汤姆花很多时间玩电脑，他的妈妈会不高兴。”。此处为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则。根据“Tom spends much time on the computer. His mother isn’t happy. ”可知，主句用一般将来时“will do”，从句用一般现在时，所以合并为“If Tom spends much time on the computer, his mother won’t be happy”。故填If；won’t；be。 5.Linda makes her room untidy. Her parents are angry.（改为含if的主从复合句） Linda her room untidy, her parents angry. 【答案】 If makes will be 【详解】句意：琳达把她的房间弄得乱七八糟。她的父母很生气。if意为“如果”，可作连词，引导条件状语从句；主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，即“主将从现”。“...Linda...her room untidy”是从句，Linda是主语，单数第三人称，谓语动词也用单数第三人称形式；make是动词，意为“让”，故第二空填makes。主句中her parents是主语，后接谓语动词，angry生气的，形容词作表语。故谓语动词用will be。故填If；makes；will；be。 五、完成句子。 1．如果汤姆下周来，我会带他参观我们的城市。（完成译句） If Tom comes next week, I will him our city. 【答案】 show around 【详解】根据中文可知，此处表达“带……参观”。show sb. around sp“带某人参观某地”，will后接动词原形。故填show；around。 2．通过努力工作, 我们最终弄清楚了疾病的来源。（汉译英） Through hard work, we finally the source of the disease. 【答案】found out 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“弄清楚”。根据“finally”可知，句子需要使用一般过去时，动词短语find out表示“弄清楚”，find的过去式为found。故填found out。 3．如果你努力学习，你会成功的。 If you , you successful. 【答案】 work/study hard will be 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“努力学习”和“会”。“努力学习”study hard或work hard，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语you是第二人称，用动词原形study或work；主句用一般将来时，“会”will + 动原，successful是形容词，前需用be动词。故填study/work hard；will be。 4．如果我们今天举行聚会，将会发生什么？ What if we the party today? 【答案】 will happen have 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“将会发生”和“举行”。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时；will happen“将会发生”，have the party“举行聚会”，从句主语we是第一人称，用动词原形have。故填will；happen；have。 5．我不能和当地的人沟通，因为我不懂他们的语言。 I can’t the local people because I don’t know their language. 【答案】 communicate with 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“和……沟通”。communicate ... with“和……沟通”；can’t情态动词的否定形式后接动词原形。故填communicate；with。 6．昨天我带朋友参观了我的新学校。 Yesterday I my new school. 【答案】 showed my friend around 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“带朋友参观”。动词短语show sb. around表示“带某人参观”，且“yesterday”为过去的时间状语，故句子时态为一般过去时，动词需用过去式showed。“我的朋友”译为my friend。故填showed；my；friend；around。 7．我母亲非常注重烹饪健康的餐食。 My mother healthy meals. 【答案】pays attention to cooking 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，此处表达“注重”，使用pay attention to；句子描述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语“My mother”是第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式pays。“烹饪”是“cook”，且“to”为介词，后接动词-ing形式，即“cooking”。故填pays attention to cooking。 8．科学家正努力查明恐龙是如何灭绝的。 The scientists are working hard to how the dinosaurs . 【答案】 find out died out 【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“查明”和“灭绝”。“查明”的英文是“find out”，此处是不定式结构，用动词原形；“灭绝”的英文是“die out”，恐龙灭绝是过去发生的事，要用一般过去时，“die”的过去式是“died”。故填find；out；died；out。 六．完形填空。 Will you feel nervous if you have to go to a party? Do you worry that you will have nothing to say 1 you meet new people? Here is some 2 that can help you. If you are meeting new people, the way you 3 is very important. It means that you should dress to fit in with the event. Studies show that people will 4 if they like you in the first five or ten seconds. It doesn’t mean that people are only looking for someone beautiful. They just want to know if you are like them or if you are very 5 . 6 the party time, let your body relax when you talk with people. Nod to show that you are 7 . Your body language speaks louder than words, so be 8 . After the event, take some time to review your performance. Tell 9 what you did very well at the event. In this way, your social abilities will 10 . 1．A．what B．when C．why D．how 2．A．hope B．space C．advice D．health 3．A．look B．laugh C．speak D．walk 4．A．expect B．ask C．decide D．believe 5．A．difficult B．angry C．kind D．different 6．A．Inside B．During C．Before D．Without 7．A．listening B．speaking C．reading D．writing 8．A．loud B．natural C．creative D．common 9．A．himself B．herself C．myself D．yourself 10．A．disagree B．promise C．improve D．organize 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文针对聚会中如何与陌生人相处提出了一些建议，包括着装、身体语言和事后反思等方面。 1．句意：你担心在遇到新朋友时无话可说吗？ what什么；when当……时；why为什么；how如何。根据“Do you worry that you will have nothing to say...you meet new people?”可知，此处强调“在遇到新朋友的时候”这一时间点，用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。 2．句意：这里有一些建议可以帮到你。 hope希望；space空间；advice建议；health健康。根据“Here is some...that can help you.”可知，这是一些建议。故选C。 3．句意：如果你要认识新朋友，你的外表很重要。 look外表；laugh大笑；speak说话；walk走路。根据“It means that you should dress to fit in with the event.”可知，这里强调穿着打扮，即外表。故选A。 4．句意：研究表明，人们会在最初五到十秒内决定是否喜欢你。 expect期望；ask问；decide决定；believe相信。根据“if they like you in the first five or ten seconds”可知，人们在最初几秒钟会“决定”是否喜欢你。故选C。 5．句意：他们只是想知道你是否像他们，或者你是否非常不同。 difficult困难的；angry生气的；kind善良的；different不同的。根据“They just want to know if you are like them or if you are very...”可知，这里是与“like them（像他们）”形成对比，即“不同”。故选D。 6．句意：在聚会期间，与人交谈时让你的身体放松。 Inside在……里面；During在……期间；Before在……之前；Without没有。根据“the party time, let your body relax when you talk with people.”可知，这是指在聚会期间。故选B。 7．句意：点头表示你在听。 listening听；speaking说；reading读；writing写。根据“Nod to show that you are...”可知，点头表示“你在听”。故选A。 8．句意：你的身体语言比言语更有说服力，所以要自然。 loud大声的；natural自然的；creative有创造力的；common常见的。根据“Your body language speaks louder than words, so be...”可知，身体语言要自然。故选B。 9．句意：告诉自己你在活动中做得好的地方。 himself他自己；herself她自己；myself我自己；yourself你自己。根据“Tell...what you did very well at the event.”可知，这是对自己说话，用yourself。故选D。 10．句意：这样，你的社交能力将会提高。 disagree不同意；promise承诺；improve提高；organize组织。根据“In this way, your social abilities will...”可知，这样你的社交能力会“提高”。故选C。 七、阅读理解。 We spend most of our time with friends we like. Well, what kind of people are popular with others? By being with some people just once, you start to like them. If you wonder why they attract (吸引) people and want to be a person like them, you should learn how to have the traits (特点) that they have. Firstly, everybody wants to be happy, and nobody wants to spend their time with an unhappy person. Well, you see, there is what you call mood linkage. If you are with a happy person, you are more likely to be happy, too. So if you are a happy person, many people will want to spend their time with you. Next, everybody needs encouragement (鼓励), because sometimes in our lives we meet failure, sadness, problems and other bad things. So if you always choose to cheer others up with encouraging words or actions, they would like to spend time with you. Lastly, you are not a friend if you don’t give a hand to your friends when they need help. You should always be helpful to them, because when you need help, they will be there for you, too. It feels good if people want to be your friends because of your character. So if you want to attract people, you should learn to have these traits. 1．What can be an example of “mood linkage”, according to the passage? A．You would like to help when someone is in need. B．You will be happy when someone loses his or her games. C．You will be happy when you are with happy people. D．You will laugh loudly when you hear funny stories. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．People who need help. B．People who would like to give a hand to others. C．People who are good at encouraging others. D．People who want to spend time with you. 3．What trait can help one to attract others according to the passage? A．Being helpful. B．Being careful. C．Being strict. D．Being beautiful. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②③④/⑤ C．①/②③④⑤ D．①②/③/④⑤ 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Ways to live a happy life B．Tips for making friends C．Traits needed to attract people D．Words for cheering others up 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些可以吸引他人的特质。 1．推理判断题。根据“Well, you see, there is what you call mood linkage. If you are with a happy person, you are more likely to be happy, too.”以及选项可知，“情绪联动”的一个例子是与快乐的人在一起，你也会变得快乐。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Lastly, you are not a friend if you don’t give a hand to your friends when they need help. You should always be helpful to them, because when you need help, they will be there for you, too.”可知，划线单词“them”指的是上文提到的需要帮助的人。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“You should always be helpful to them, because when you need help, they will be there for you, too.”以及选项可知，乐于助人的人有吸引他人的特质。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题，第二、三、四段则在分点对这些特质进行描述，第五段对文章进行了一个总结。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一些可以吸引他人的特质。故选C。 八、任务型阅读 Asking people to a party is an art. You must think about what kind of party you’re going to have first. If it is a small party, you can just give a call to your friends to invite them to the party. You can even e-mail them or just leave a message for them. Now, calling someone is an art, too. First, give a call to your friends, and then begin the talk by asking them about their life and family. Then ask them about their schedules (日程表) on the day of the party. If they say they are free, you can ask them to the party directly (直接地). If they are not free, then ask him to try to find time for your party. If you’re going to have a big party, and need to ask lots of people to your party, you must decide how many people you want at your party. Then you can write a list of them and send them beautiful invitation cards, because you may not have so much time to give them a call each. You must send the cards a few days before the party so that they can have enough time to prepare for it. 1．The ways that you can use to invite friends if you’re having a small party. (列举两项，10个词以内) 2．How do you begin the talk when you give a call to your friends? (10 个词以内) 3．What can you send to your friends if you have a big party? (5 个词以内) 4．What time should you send invitation cards? (8个词以内) 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? (10个词以内) 【答案】1．Giving a call to them./E-mailing them./Leaving a message.(任何两项都可) 2．By asking them about their life and family. 3．Beautiful invitation cards. 4．A few days before the party. 5．How to ask people to a party./Asking people to a party is an art. 【导语】本文讲述了如何邀请朋友参加派对，包括小型和大型派对的不同邀请方式，以及如何通过电话和邀请函等手段邀请朋友。 1．根据文章中的“you can just give a call to your friends to invite them to the party. You can even e-mail them or just leave a message for them”可以得出邀请方式有电话、电子邮件和留言。故填Giving a call to them./E-mailing them./Leaving a message.(任何两项都可)。 2．根据文章中的“First, give a call to your friends, and then begin the talk by asking them about their life and family”可以得出，开始时先问朋友们的生活和家庭。故填By asking about their life and family. 3．根据文章中的“Then you can write a list of them and send them beautiful invitation cards”可以得出，邀请朋友参加大型派对时可以发送邀请函。故填Beautiful invitation cards. 4．根据文章中的“You must send the cards a few days before the party so that they can have enough time to prepare for it”可以得出，应该在几天前发送邀请函。故填A few days before the party. 5．根据文章的内容可知，本文主要讲述了邀请朋友参加派对的方式和技巧。故填How to ask people to a party./Asking people to a party is an art. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 prefer $