专题7 动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词（B卷·能力提升）-2026版山西省（对口升学）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版山西省（对口升学）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的16个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版山西省（对口升学）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第7个专题，内容为动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词。 2026版山西省（对口升学）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题7 动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词（B卷·能力提升） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.— Could you tell me why you didn’t come to the class meeting yesterday? A. was taking care of B. take care of C. will take care of D. have taken care of 【答案】A 【解析】语境为“昨天班会时正在照顾生病的奶奶”，强调过去某一具体时间（班会期间）正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时，结构为was/were + doing。主语是I，故用was taking care of。B为一般现在时，C为一般将来时，D为现在完成时，均不匹配语境。 2.This kind of cloth ______ soft and is popular among customers in our shop. A. feels B. is felt C. felt D. was felt 【答案】A 【解析】feel在此处为感官系动词，表“摸起来”，系动词无被动语态，常用主动形式表达被动含义。结合后句的一般现在时is popular，此处也用一般现在时，主语this kind of cloth为单数，故用feels。 3.— How long ______ you ______ in this school as an English teacher? — For 5 years. I came here in 2019. A. do; work B. did; work C. have; worked D. will; work 【答案】C 【解析】时间状语How long和For 5 years均为现在完成时的标志，表动作从过去开始持续到现在。现在完成时结构为have/has + done，主语是you，故用have worked。A为一般现在时，B为一般过去时，D为一般将来时，均不符合。 4.We are told ______ mobile phones in the exam room. It’s against the exam rules. A. not use B. not to use C. don’t use D. not using 【答案】B 【解析】固定结构tell sb. not to do sth. 表示“告诉某人不要做某事”，变被动语态为be told not to do sth.（被告诉不要做某事）。不定式的否定形式需在to前加not，故选B。 5.By the time the rain stopped, we ______ for the bus at the station for nearly an hour. A. waited B. have waited C. had waited D. will wait 【答案】C 【解析】by the time + 一般过去时从句（the rain stopped），主句需用过去完成时，表“截止到过去某一动作发生时，另一动作已持续一段时间”。过去完成时结构为had + done，故选had waited。A为一般过去时，B为现在完成时，D为一般将来时，均不适用。 6.Look! Many students ______ kites on the playground. It’s a sunny day today. A. fly B. are flying C. flew D. will fly 【答案】B 【解析】标志词Look! 暗示动作正在进行，需用现在进行时，结构为am/is/are + doing。主语many students为复数，故用are flying。A为一般现在时，C为一般过去时，D为一般将来时，均不符合语境。 7.A new library ______ in our school next semester. All students are looking forward to it. A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. built 【答案】C 【解析】主语a new library与动词build为被动关系，且时间状语next semester表将来，故用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be + done。A为一般将来时主动语态，B为一般现在时被动语态，D为一般过去时，均不匹配。 8.I regret ______ his advice last week. Now I have to face the bad result. A. not take B. not taking C. not to take D. not took 【答案】B 【解析】regret doing sth. 表示“后悔做过某事（动作已完成）”，regret to do sth. 表示“遗憾要做某事（动作未做）”。结合后句“现在要面对坏结果”，可知“没采纳建议”是已发生的动作，故用regret not taking（not需放在动名词前）。 9.Our physics teacher said that light ______ faster than sound when we had the class yesterday. A. travels B. traveled C. is traveling D. will travel 【答案】A 【解析】宾语从句中，若描述客观真理、科学事实，无论主句时态如何，从句均用一般现在时。“光比声音传播得快”是客观真理，主语light为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数travels。 10.— What were you doing at 8 o’clock last night? — I ______ my homework. I finished it at 9 o’clock. A. do B. did C. was doing D. have done 【答案】C 【解析】时间状语at 8 o’clock last night为具体的过去时间点，强调此时正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时，结构为was/were + doing。主语是I，故用was doing。A为一般现在时，B为一般过去时，D为现在完成时，均不符合。 11.Many old houses ______ in our hometown last year to make room for the new park. A. pulled down B. were pulled down C. are pulled down D. pull down 【答案】B 【解析】主语many old houses与动词短语pull down（拆除）为被动关系，且时间状语last year表过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were + done。主语为复数，故选were pulled down。 12.It’s important for us ______ the traffic rules when we go out. A. follow B. to follow C. following D. followed 【答案】B 【解析】固定句型It’s + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。此处需用to follow，故选B。 13.When we arrived at the theater, the play ______ for 10 minutes. We missed the beginning. A. has started B. had started C. has been on D. had been on 【答案】D 【解析】“到达剧院”是过去动作，“戏剧开始”发生在之前，需用过去完成时；start为短暂性动词，不能与for 10 minutes（时间段）连用，需转化为延续性动词be on。过去完成时结构为had + done，故用had been on。 14.The film is so moving that it’s worth ______ a second time. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 【答案】C 【解析】固定搭配be worth doing sth. 表示“值得做某事”，worth后需接动名词作宾语，且用主动形式表达被动含义。故选watching。 15.Vegetables and fruits ______ every day to keep them fresh in the supermarket. A. water B. are watered C. watered D. were watered 【答案】B 【解析】主语vegetables and fruits与动词water（浇水）为被动关系，时间状语every day表一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为am/is/are + done。主语为复数，故选are watered。 16.He tried ______ the difficult math problem, but he failed at last. A. solve B. to solve C. solving D. solved 【答案】B 【解析】try to do sth. 表示“努力做某事（强调尽力去做）”，try doing sth. 表示“尝试做某事（强调尝试新方法）”。结合语境“努力解这道难题但最终失败”，需用try to solve。故选B。 17.— Do you know when the new train station ______? — It ______ next August. The workers are working hard now. A. will complete; will finish B. will be completed; will be finished C. completes; finishes D. is completed; was finished 【答案】B 【解析】两空主语the new train station和It（指代火车站）均与动词complete/finish为被动关系，且时间状语next August表将来，故均用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be + done。A为主动语态，C为一般现在时主动语态，D时态与语态均不匹配，故选B。 18.______ quiet in the reading room. Everyone is busy reading books. A. Keep B. Keeping C. Kept D. To keep 【答案】A 【解析】本句为祈使句，用于表达请求、要求，祈使句需以动词原形开头。故选Keep。B为动名词，C为过去式/过去分词，D为不定式，均不能用于祈使句开头。 19.The little boy was seen ______ a kite by the river just now. A. fly B. to fly C. flying D. flew 【答案】B 【解析】感官动词see用于被动语态时，其后的不定式需带to，结构为be seen to do sth.（被看见做某事）。主动语态中为see sb. do sth.，变被动需补to，故选to fly。 20.— What will you do if it ______ tomorrow? — I will stay at home and finish my homework. A. rain B. rains C. rained D. will rain 【答案】B 【解析】本句为if引导的条件状语从句，需遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时（will stay），从句用一般现在时表将来。从句主语it为单数，故谓语动词用rains。A为原形，C为过去式，D为一般将来时，均不符合规则。 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题4分, 满分20分。） As the Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China, the way people celebrate it has changed a lot in recent years, especially among young people in Shanxi. In the past, families would get together a few days before the festival to clean the house thoroughly, a tradition called “sweeping the dust”. They would also buy a lot of food, such as dumplings, meat, and fruits, to prepare for the big family reunion dinner on New Year’s Eve. Red couplets and lanterns were put up to create a festive atmosphere, and children looked forward to getting red envelopes with lucky money from their elders. Nowadays, many young people in Shanxi have new ways to celebrate the Spring Festival. Instead of staying at home all the time, they choose to travel with their families during the holiday. Some go to warm places in the south to escape the cold winter in Shanxi, while others visit historical sites in nearby cities like Datong and Pingyao. Another change is the use of technology. Young people send electronic red envelopes and greetings through WeChat or Alipay instead of giving paper ones. They also watch Spring Festival Gala online and share their thoughts with friends in real time. Some families even have a “cloud reunion dinner” if some members are unable to come home due to work or study. However, some traditions are still kept. For example, making dumplings on New Year’s Eve is still a must for most families. The shape of dumplings looks like ancient Chinese gold or silver ingots, which symbolizes wealth and good luck. 1.What was the main preparation for the Spring Festival in the past? A. Traveling to warm places with family B. Sending electronic greetings to friends C. Cleaning the house and buying lots of food D. Having a cloud reunion dinner online 2.Why do some Shanxi people travel during the Spring Festival now? A. To avoid the busy housework at home B. To escape the cold weather in their hometown C. To buy more delicious food for the festival D. To visit their relatives who live far away 3.How do young people send greetings and lucky money now? A. By writing letters and sending paper red envelopes B. By using mobile apps like WeChat and Alipay C. By making phone calls and visiting friends in person D. By giving gifts and having big parties 4.Which tradition is still kept by most families in Shanxi? A. Staying at home all the time during the holiday B. Putting up red couplets and lanterns C. Making dumplings on New Year’s Eve D. Getting paper red envelopes from elders 5.What does the shape of dumplings symbolize? A. Health and happiness B. Peace and safety C. Love and friendship D. Wealth and good luck 【答案】1-5 CBB CD 【导语】本文讲述了山西地区春节庆祝方式的变化。过去人们会提前打扫房屋、采购年货、张贴春联；如今年轻人更倾向于春节旅行、用电子方式拜年，但包饺子等传统习俗依然被保留。 【详解】1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段“In the past, families would get together a few days before the festival to clean the house thoroughly... buy a lot of food... to prepare for the big family reunion dinner”可知，过去春节的主要准备工作是大扫除和采购大量食物。 2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段“Some go to warm places in the south to escape the cold winter in Shanxi”可知，部分山西人春节旅行是为了躲避家乡的寒冷天气。 3.B 细节理解题。根据第四段“Young people send electronic red envelopes and greetings through WeChat or Alipay”可知，年轻人现在通过微信、支付宝等手机软件发送祝福和红包。 4.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段“making dumplings on New Year’s Eve is still a must for most families”可知，除夕夜包饺子的传统被大多数家庭保留。 5.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The shape of dumplings looks like ancient Chinese gold or silver ingots, which symbolizes wealth and good luck.”可知，饺子的形状象征着财富和好运。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版山西省（对口升学）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的16个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版山西省（对口升学）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第7个专题，内容为动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词。 2026版山西省（对口升学）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题7 动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词（B卷·能力提升） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.— Could you tell me why you didn’t come to the class meeting yesterday? A. was taking care of B. take care of C. will take care of D. have taken care of 2.This kind of cloth ______ soft and is popular among customers in our shop. A. feels B. is felt C. felt D. was felt 3.— How long ______ you ______ in this school as an English teacher? — For 5 years. I came here in 2019. A. do; work B. did; work C. have; worked D. will; work 4.We are told ______ mobile phones in the exam room. It’s against the exam rules. A. not use B. not to use C. don’t use D. not using 5.By the time the rain stopped, we ______ for the bus at the station for nearly an hour. A. waited B. have waited C. had waited D. will wait 6.Look! Many students ______ kites on the playground. It’s a sunny day today. A. fly B. are flying C. flew D. will fly 7.A new library ______ in our school next semester. All students are looking forward to it. A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. built 8.I regret ______ his advice last week. Now I have to face the bad result. A. not take B. not taking C. not to take D. not took 9.Our physics teacher said that light ______ faster than sound when we had the class yesterday. A. travels B. traveled C. is traveling D. will travel 10.— What were you doing at 8 o’clock last night? — I ______ my homework. I finished it at 9 o’clock. A. do B. did C. was doing D. have done 11.Many old houses ______ in our hometown last year to make room for the new park. A. pulled down B. were pulled down C. are pulled down D. pull down 12.It’s important for us ______ the traffic rules when we go out. A. follow B. to follow C. following D. followed 13.When we arrived at the theater, the play ______ for 10 minutes. We missed the beginning. A. has started B. had started C. has been on D. had been on 14.The film is so moving that it’s worth ______ a second time. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 15.Vegetables and fruits ______ every day to keep them fresh in the supermarket. A. water B. are watered C. watered D. were watered 16.He tried ______ the difficult math problem, but he failed at last. A. solve B. to solve C. solving D. solved 17.— Do you know when the new train station ______? — It ______ next August. The workers are working hard now. A. will complete; will finish B. will be completed; will be finished C. completes; finishes D. is completed; was finished 18.______ quiet in the reading room. Everyone is busy reading books. A. Keep B. Keeping C. Kept D. To keep 19.The little boy was seen ______ a kite by the river just now. A. fly B. to fly C. flying D. flew 20.— What will you do if it ______ tomorrow? — I will stay at home and finish my homework. A. rain B. rains C. rained D. will rain 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题4分, 满分20分。） As the Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China, the way people celebrate it has changed a lot in recent years, especially among young people in Shanxi. In the past, families would get together a few days before the festival to clean the house thoroughly, a tradition called “sweeping the dust”. They would also buy a lot of food, such as dumplings, meat, and fruits, to prepare for the big family reunion dinner on New Year’s Eve. Red couplets and lanterns were put up to create a festive atmosphere, and children looked forward to getting red envelopes with lucky money from their elders. Nowadays, many young people in Shanxi have new ways to celebrate the Spring Festival. Instead of staying at home all the time, they choose to travel with their families during the holiday. Some go to warm places in the south to escape the cold winter in Shanxi, while others visit historical sites in nearby cities like Datong and Pingyao. Another change is the use of technology. Young people send electronic red envelopes and greetings through WeChat or Alipay instead of giving paper ones. They also watch Spring Festival Gala online and share their thoughts with friends in real time. Some families even have a “cloud reunion dinner” if some members are unable to come home due to work or study. However, some traditions are still kept. For example, making dumplings on New Year’s Eve is still a must for most families. The shape of dumplings looks like ancient Chinese gold or silver ingots, which symbolizes wealth and good luck. 1.What was the main preparation for the Spring Festival in the past? A. Traveling to warm places with family B. Sending electronic greetings to friends C. Cleaning the house and buying lots of food D. Having a cloud reunion dinner online 2.Why do some Shanxi people travel during the Spring Festival now? A. To avoid the busy housework at home B. To escape the cold weather in their hometown C. To buy more delicious food for the festival D. To visit their relatives who live far away 3.How do young people send greetings and lucky money now? A. By writing letters and sending paper red envelopes B. By using mobile apps like WeChat and Alipay C. By making phone calls and visiting friends in person D. By giving gifts and having big parties 4.Which tradition is still kept by most families in Shanxi? A. Staying at home all the time during the holiday B. Putting up red couplets and lanterns C. Making dumplings on New Year’s Eve D. Getting paper red envelopes from elders 5.What does the shape of dumplings symbolize? A. Health and happiness B. Peace and safety C. Love and friendship D. Wealth and good luck 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $