内容正文:
2026高考英语重点高频短语解析及检测题5
一、高频短语精讲与精练
81. hand in
✰ 关键用法
表示“提交,上交”,后接作业、报告、表格等需递交的材料。
✰ 例句
All students must hand in their papers before the deadline.(所有学生必须在截止日期前提交论文。)
hand out
✰ 关键用法
表示“分发,散发”,后接传单、资料、物品等,侧重将东西分发给多人。
✰ 例句
Volunteers handed out leaflets to passers-by on the street.(志愿者们在街上向路人分发传单。)
hand over
✰ 关键用法
表示“交出,移交”,侧重将权力、责任或物品转交给他人。
✰ 例句
The manager decided to hand over the company to his son.(这位经理决定把公司移交给他的儿子。)
hand down
✰ 关键用法
表示“把……传下来”,多指将传统、习俗、物品等代代相传。
✰ 例句
This old custom has been handed down from generation to generation.(这个古老的习俗被一代一代传承了下来。)
82. hang up
✰ 关键用法
表示“挂断(电话)”,为不及物短语,也可用于 hang up the phone 结构。
✰ 例句
She got angry and hung up before I could explain.(我还没来得及解释,她就生气地挂了电话。)
hang on
✰ 关键用法
① 表示“握住不放”,后接具体物体;
② 表示“不要挂断”,用于电话通话场景。
✰ 例句
Hang on tight, or you will fall off the bike.(抓紧了,不然你会从自行车上摔下来。)
83. have an eye for
✰ 关键用法
表示“对……有鉴赏力”,后接艺术、美、细节等相关名词,为固定搭配。
✰ 例句
My sister has a good eye for fashion and always dresses beautifully.(我姐姐对时尚很有鉴赏力,总是穿得很漂亮。)
84. have…in common (with…)
✰ 关键用法
表示“(与……)有共同之处”,可接名词或从句,in common 不可拆分。
✰ 例句
Though they are twins, they have nothing in common with each other.(虽然他们是双胞胎,但彼此毫无共同之处。)
85. have no alternative/choice but to do sth
✰ 关键用法
表示“除了做某事别无选择”,but 后接不定式,当主句有实义动词 do 时,不定式符号 to 可省略。
✰ 例句
We had no choice but to wait for the next bus in the rain.(我们别无选择,只能在雨中等下一班公交车。)
have nothing to do with
✰ 关键用法
表示“和……无关”,为固定短语,也可根据语境替换为 little/something to do with。
✰ 例句
The young man insisted that he had nothing to do with the theft.(这个年轻人坚称自己和这起盗窃案毫无关系。)
86. have words with
✰ 关键用法
表示“与……争论”,多指发生口角,为非正式表达。
✰ 例句
He had words with his neighbor over the noise last night.(昨晚他因为噪音问题和邻居吵了一架。)
have a word with sb
✰ 关键用法
表示“与某人谈一谈”,侧重简短交流,a word 不可改为 words。
✰ 例句
Could I have a word with you about the plan after the meeting?(会后我能和你聊聊这个计划吗?)
87. have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth
✰ 关键用法
表示“做某事有困难”,in 可省略,后接动名词,difficulty 和 trouble 为不可数名词。
✰ 例句
Many students have difficulty (in) learning English grammar.(很多学生学习英语语法都有困难。)
have fun
✰ 关键用法
表示“玩得开心”,后可接 doing sth,不接不定式。
✰ 例句
The children had fun playing on the beach all day long.(孩子们在沙滩上玩了一整天,很开心。)
have a gift for
✰ 关键用法
表示“有……的天赋”,后接学科、技能等相关名词,gift 可替换为 talent。
✰ 例句
She has a gift for music and can play several instruments.(她有音乐天赋,会演奏好几种乐器。)
have an effect on
✰ 关键用法
表示“对……有影响”,effect 前可加形容词修饰,如 great/positive/negative。
✰ 例句
Eating too much sugar has a bad effect on our teeth.(吃太多糖对我们的牙齿有不良影响。)
have/gain access to
✰ 关键用法
表示“获得接近……的机会”,后接信息、资源、场所等,为正式用语。
✰ 例句
Only teachers have access to the computer room after school.(放学后只有老师能进入电脑室。)
have a preference for
✰ 关键用法
表示“偏爱,喜爱”,后接人或事物,侧重对比之下的偏好。
✰ 例句
She has a preference for classical music rather than pop music.(比起流行音乐,她更喜欢古典音乐。)
88. head for
✰ 关键用法
表示“朝……方向走”,后接地点名词,侧重行进的目标方向。
✰ 例句
As soon as the class was over, he headed for the library.(一下课,他就朝图书馆走去。)
89. hear from
✰ 关键用法
表示“收到……的来信”,后接人,不可接信件等物品。
✰ 例句
I haven’t heard from my pen pal since last summer.(自从去年夏天以来,我就没收到过笔友的信。)
90. help out
✰ 关键用法
表示“帮助某人克服困难”,后可接 sb (with sth),侧重帮人解决难题。
✰ 例句
My brother helped me out with my math homework yesterday.(昨天我哥哥帮我解决了数学作业的难题。)
can’t help but do sth
✰ 关键用法
表示“不得不做某事”,为固定句式,but 后接动词原形。
✰ 例句
She can’t help but cry when she hears the sad news.(听到这个噩耗,她忍不住哭了。)
can’t help doing sth
✰ 关键用法
表示“忍不住做某事”,后接动名词,侧重情绪或本能的驱使。
✰ 例句
I can’t help laughing when I see his funny face.(看到他滑稽的表情,我忍不住笑了。)
help oneself to
✰ 关键用法
① 表示“自己取(食物等)”,用于招待客人的场景;
② 表示“擅自拿走……”,含贬义。
✰ 例句
Help yourselves to some fruit, everyone.(大家请随便吃点水果。)
91. hold back
✰ 关键用法
① 表示“阻挡”,后接人或事物;
② 表示“抑制(感情等)”,后接眼泪、情绪等。
✰ 例句
She tried to hold back her tears when saying goodbye.(道别时,她努力忍住眼泪。)
hold down
✰ 关键用法
表示“压制”,后接声音、价格、反抗等,侧重使其处于低水平或被控制的状态。
✰ 例句
The government is taking measures to hold down the rising prices.(政府正在采取措施抑制物价上涨。)
hold on (to)
✰ 关键用法
① 表示“紧紧抓住”,后接物体;
② 表示“保住”,后接工作、职位等。
✰ 例句
You should hold on to your dream no matter what happens.(无论发生什么,你都应该坚持自己的梦想。)
hold out
✰ 关键用法
① 表示“伸出;递出”,后接手、物品等;
② 表示“坚持”,侧重在困境中持续下去。
✰ 例句
The soldier held out his hand to help the old man up.(士兵伸出手把老人扶了起来。)
hold up
✰ 关键用法
① 表示“举起;抬起”,后接物体;
② 表示“支撑”,后接重量、结构等;
③ 表示“阻碍”,后接交通、进程等。
✰ 例句
The heavy rain held up the traffic for hours.(这场大雨使交通堵塞了好几个小时。)
92. insist on
✰ 关键用法
表示“坚持;一定要”,后接名词或动名词,不可接不定式。
✰ 例句
He insisted on walking home alone even though it was dark.(尽管天黑了,他还是坚持独自步行回家。)
93. join in
✰ 关键用法
表示“参加(某种活动)”,后接活动名称,侧重参与正在进行的活动。
✰ 例句
All the students joined in the English corner happily.(所有学生都愉快地参加了英语角活动。)
94. keep an eye on
✰ 关键用法
表示“照看;留意”,后接人或事物,侧重密切关注。
✰ 例句
Could you keep an eye on my luggage while I go to the toilet?(我去洗手间的时候,能麻烦你照看一下我的行李吗?)
95. keep one’s word
✰ 关键用法
表示“遵守诺言”,为固定短语,word 不可改为 words,同义短语为 keep a promise。
✰ 例句
He is a man who always keeps his word, so you can trust him.(他是个信守承诺的人,你可以信任他。)
96. keep/stay in touch with
✰ 关键用法
表示“与……保持联系”,为固定搭配,touch 前不加冠词。
✰ 例句
We have kept in touch with each other since we graduated from college.(大学毕业后,我们一直保持着联系。)
keep/stay out of trouble
✰ 关键用法
表示“远离麻烦”,为固定短语,也可表达为 keep out of danger(远离危险)。
✰ 例句
Parents always tell their children to stay out of trouble.(父母总是叮嘱孩子要远离麻烦。)
97. keep sb company
✰ 关键用法
表示“陪伴某人”,为固定短语,company 为不可数名词,前不加冠词。
✰ 例句
She stayed at the hospital to keep her sick mother company.(她留在医院陪伴生病的母亲。)
98. keep sb from doing sth
✰ 关键用法
表示“阻止某人做某事”,from 不可省略,同义短语为 prevent/stop sb from doing sth。
✰ 例句
The heavy snow kept us from going out.(大雪使我们无法出门。)
99. keep on
✰ 关键用法
表示“保持;继续”,后接动名词,侧重持续做某事。
✰ 例句
Keep on trying, and you will succeed sooner or later.(继续努力,你迟早会成功的。)
keep up with
✰ 关键用法
表示“跟上,赶上”,后接人或事物,侧重不落后于他人或进度。
✰ 例句
It’s hard for him to keep up with the fast pace of modern life.(他很难跟上现代生活的快节奏。)
100. keep watch
✰ 关键用法
表示“注视;观察”,为固定短语,也可表达为 keep a watch on(监视)。
✰ 例句
The soldiers kept watch day and night at the border.(士兵们在边境日夜站岗放哨。)
101. keep track of
✰ 关键用法
表示“与……保持联系;了解……的动态”,后接人或事物,侧重掌握相关情况。
✰ 例句
She uses social media to keep track of her old friends.(她通过社交媒体了解老朋友的近况。)
keep a promise
✰ 关键用法
表示“遵守诺言”,与 keep one’s word 同义,promise 前可加形容词修饰。
✰ 例句
If you make a promise, you should keep it.(如果你许下了诺言,就应该遵守它。)
keep away from
✰ 关键用法
表示“不接近,避开,远离”,后接人、物或场所,侧重主动回避。
✰ 例句
You should keep away from junk food to stay healthy.(为了保持健康,你应该远离垃圾食品。)
keep pace with
✰ 关键用法
表示“跟上,同……步调一致”,为固定短语,侧重节奏或速度上的匹配。
✰ 例句
It’s important for students to keep pace with their teachers in class.(学生在课堂上跟上老师的节奏很重要。)
keep up one’s spirits
✰ 关键用法
表示“振作精神”,为固定短语,spirits 常用复数形式。
✰ 例句
We tried our best to keep up his spirits when he was ill.(他生病时,我们尽力让他振作起来。)
二、易错点专项辨析(解析+例题)
1. hand in / hand out / hand down 辨析
核心易错点
三者均为 hand 搭配短语,语义易混淆:
- hand in:提交、上交(强调递交给上级或相关方)
- hand out:分发、散发(强调分发给多人)
- hand down:传承、流传(强调代代相传,常用被动语态)
典型例题
The volunteers _________ supplies to the homeless, and told them to _________ the feedback forms before leaving. This kind of charity activity has been _________ for years in the community.
A. handed out; hand in; handed down
B. handed in; hand out; handed down
C. handed down; hand in; handed out答案与解析
答案:A
第一空“给无家可归者分发物资”用 hand out;第二空“提交反馈表”用 hand in;第三空“活动被传承多年”用被动语态 has been handed down。
2. can’t help doing / can’t help but do 辨析
核心易错点
二者均表“忍不住/不得不”,结构搭配不同:
- can’t help doing sth:忍不住做某事(后接动名词,侧重情绪本能反应)
- can’t help but do sth:不得不做某事(后接动词原形,侧重客观条件迫使)
典型例题
When she saw the touching movie scene, she _________ cry; when she heard the funny story, she _________ laughing.
A. can’t help but; can’t help
B. can’t help; can’t help but
C. can’t help but; can’t help but答案与解析
答案:A
前半句“电影情节感人,不得不哭”是客观情绪驱使,用 can’t help but cry;后半句“听到笑话忍不住笑”是本能反应,用 can’t help laughing。
3. have a word with / have words with 辨析
核心易错点
仅差不定冠词 a,语义完全相反:
- have a word with sb:和某人简短交谈(中性,表沟通)
- have words with sb:和某人争吵(贬义,表口角)
典型例题
I need to _________ you about the class schedule, but I heard you _________ your deskmate over a misunderstanding yesterday.
A. have words with; have a word with
B. have a word with; have words with
C. have a word with; have a word with答案与解析
答案:B
第一空“聊课程表”是简短沟通,用 have a word with;第二空“因误会争吵”,用 have words with。
4. keep up with / keep pace with 辨析
核心易错点
二者均表“跟上”,侧重点不同:
- keep up with:跟上(人、进度,强调不落后)
- keep pace with:与……步调一致(强调速度、节奏匹配)
典型例题
Students must study hard to _________ the teachers’ teaching progress and _________ the development of the times.
A. keep up with; keep pace with
B. keep pace with; keep up with
C. keep up with; keep up with答案与解析
答案:A
第一空“跟上教学进度”,用 keep up with;第二空“与时代发展步调一致”,用 keep pace with。
5. hold back / hold up 辨析
核心易错点
二者均为 hold 短语,语义差异显著:
- hold back:抑制(情绪、眼泪);阻挡(人或事物)
- hold up:阻碍(行程、进程);举起(物体)
典型例题
The sudden rain _________ our hiking plan, and we had to _________ our disappointment and go back home.
A. held back; hold up
B. held up; hold back
C. held up; hold up答案与解析
答案:B
第一空“大雨阻碍徒步计划”,用 hold up;第二空“抑制失望情绪”,用 hold back。
6. approve / approve of 辨析
核心易错点
approve 作及物动词表“批准”;表“赞成”时必须加介词 of,不可省略。
典型例题
My parents don’t _________ my staying out late on weekends.
A. approve
B. approve of
C. approve to答案与解析
答案:B
句意“父母不赞成我周末熬夜”,表“赞成某人做某事”用固定搭配 approve of sb doing sth。
7. insist on doing / insist to do 辨析
核心易错点
insist 表“坚持做某事”时,后接介词 on + 动名词,不可接不定式 to do。
典型例题
He insisted _________ to the countryside to teach children English.
A. on going
B. to go
C. going答案与解析
答案:A
固定搭配 insist on doing sth 表“坚持做某事”,为高考高频考点。
三、综合检测题(总分40分)
(一)用短语适当形式填空(每题2分,共20分)
1. Please ____________ your examination papers before 10 o'clock. (hand in)
2. The teacher ____________ the textbooks to the students at the beginning of the term. (hand out)
3. He ____________ his job to a younger person when he retired. (hand over)
4. This tradition has been ____________ for hundreds of years. (hand down)
5. She ____________ the phone as soon as she heard his voice. (hang up)
6. ____________ a minute! I need to take down your phone number. (hang on)
7. My uncle ____________ art and he has collected many valuable paintings. (have an eye for)
8. What do you ____________ with your best friend? (have…in common)
9. We ____________ but to accept his suggestion. (have no choice but to do sth)
10. The incident ____________ me; it was caused by someone else. (have nothing to do with)
(二)单项选择(每题2分,共10分)
1. The little boy can’t help ____________ when he sees his favorite cartoon.
A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed
2. We should keep ____________ touch with our former classmates after graduation.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
3. She has a gift ____________ playing the piano and wants to be a pianist.
A. for B. of C. in D. with
4. The bad weather held ____________ the building of the bridge for a week.
A. back B. up C. on D. out
5. He insisted ____________ going to the cinema alone though his parents disagreed.
A. in B. on C. at D. with
(三)翻译句子(每题2分,共10分)
1. 他因为这个错误和同事发生了争执。(have words with)
__________________________________________________________________
2. 孩子们在公园里玩得很开心。(have fun)
__________________________________________________________________
3. 这个新政策对环境有积极的影响。(have an effect on)
__________________________________________________________________
4. 只有员工才有权进入这个区域。(have access to)
__________________________________________________________________
5. 我会一直陪伴你直到你康复。(keep sb company)
__________________________________________________________________
综合检测题参考答案
(一)短语填空
1. hand in
2. handed out
3. handed over
4. handed down
5. hung up
6. Hang on
7. has an eye for
8. have in common
9. had no choice
10. had nothing to do with
(二)单项选择
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. B
(三)句子翻译
1. He had words with his colleague because of this mistake.
2. The children had fun playing in the park.
3. This new policy has a positive effect on the environment.
4. Only employees have access to this area.
5. I will keep you company until you recover.
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