Unit 3 Period 2 Reading and Thinking (Ⅱ) 要点内化课（教用Word）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第三册高中同步学案（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦Reading and Thinking（Ⅱ）要点内化，核心围绕starve、restrict等词汇，amounts of、lead to等短语，以及动词不定式完成时、现在分词作状语句型展开。通过语境填词、介词填空、词汇拓展（如动词+able变形容词）、重点词汇辨析（如evidence、case）和句型应用（There is no doubt that...）构建学习支架，实现从阅读输入到语言输出的内化闭环。 该资料特色在于以核心素养为导向，通过“词汇空间”归纳动词变形容词规则培养思维品质，结合语境练习（如单句语法填空）提升语言运用能力，设计句式升级、一句多译等环节优化学习策略。课中助力教师开展互动教学，课后学生可借助分层练习（基础填空与能力拓展）查漏补缺，强化知识巩固。

Period 2　Reading and Thinking (Ⅱ)　要点内化课 素养目标 1．Learn and grasp the following important new words，phrases and expressions：starve，restrict，seize，submit，amounts of，fead to，result in，take action to，be responsible for，along with. 2．Understand the following useful sentence patterns：动词不定式的完成时；现在分词短语作状语． 3．According to the context，use new words，expressions and difficult sentences correctly. Ⅰ.根据语境及首字母提示写出单词 1．The trend at the moment is towards a more natural and less made-up look. 2．The trucking company was able to sustain the severe fuel shortage. 3．If the animals can't find enough plants to eat，they'll starve or have to leave the place. 4．Recently，laws have tended to restrict the freedom of the press. Ⅱ.根据语境及汉语提示写出单词 1．The government must make a new policy(政策) to reduce unemployment. 2．The president will broadcast(广播) his message on all stations tonight. 3．You should seize(抓住) every opportunity to practise your spoken English. 4．You can't see your sister starve(挨饿) without trying to help her! 5．It is the best moment to release(发布) the date of the election to the newspapers. Ⅲ.用适当的介词或副词填空 1．Alcoholic drinks can have a bad impact on/upon your body. 2．We should be responsible for our own life decision. 3．Too much work and too little rest leads to illness. 4．I am sending you the book along with the material concerned. 5．Many young people have volunteered to construct our country in response to the call of the Party. 6．They travelled around the whole continent in search of the new green gold. 7．If you want to know his telephone number，you may refer to the telephone directory. 8．Due to the heavy snow，they were trapped in the house in the mountain. 词汇空间 动词＋able→形容词 sustain v．维持； 承受→sustainable adj.可持续的 accept v．接受→acceptable adj.可接受的 admire v．钦佩；欣赏→admirable adj.值得赞赏的 believe v．相信→believable adj.可信的 comfort v．安慰；使放松→comfortable adj.舒服的 [重点词汇] 1．evidence n．证据；证明 [教材P26]A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate. 海洋和大气的变暖，冰的融化和海平面的上升，提供了全球气候急剧变化的证据。 [归纳拓展] (1)evidence＋ (2)evident adj.　明显的 be evident to sb.that... 某人清楚…… It is evident that... 显然…… (3)evidently adv. 明显地 [语境感悟] ①Modern science has given clear evidence that smoking can lead to many diseases. 现代科学已经清楚证明吸烟会导致很多疾病。 ②It is evident that in competitive society there are both losers and winners. 显然，在充满竞争的社会里，有失败者也有成功者。 一句多译 很显然没有证据证明他的诚实。 ①It_is_evident_that_there_is_no_evidence to prove his honesty.(it作形式主语，there be 句式) ②Evidently，there_is_no_evidence_to_prove_his_honesty. (副词，there be 句式) 2．starve vi.&vt.(使)挨饿；饿得要死；(使)饿死 vi.渴望；极需要 [教材P26]An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved and died. 一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从北极熊尸体的位置来看，北极熊似乎是挨饿而死。 [归纳拓展] starve to death　饿死 starve for sth. 渴望获得某物 starve to do sth. 渴望做某事 [语境感悟] ①Pictures of starving children on show have raised people's awareness of saving food. 展出的饥饿儿童的照片唤起了人们节约粮食的意识。 ②He would rather starve to death than beg for his life. 他宁可饿死也不求饶。 ③They starve for the experience of practical work. 他们迫切需要实际工作的经验。 单句语法填空 ①They got lost in the desert and starved to death. ②They have been starving to_see (see) Lang Ping，coach of the Chinese women's volleyball team. ③As far as I'm concerned，the poor kids just starved for attention. 3．case n．情况；病例；案例 [教材P26]This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth's ecology. 这一令人担忧的案例表明，温度的升高是如何影响地球生态的。 [归纳拓展] in case of 如果；假使；万一 in no case 无论如何不；决不(位于句首用倒装) in case (that)．.. 万一；以防…… in any case 无论如何；总之 in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话 as is often the case 这是常有的事；情况往往如此 [语境感悟] ①In case of fire，all exits must be kept clear. 如遇火灾，所有的出口必须保持畅通。 ②I took my driving license with me on holiday，in case I wanted to hire a car. 我在度假时随身带着驾照，以防自己想要租车。 ③The lecture will cover a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 讲座将涉及英语的初学者不能正确使用语言的许多情况。 ④It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 通常情况下，对于那些坚持希望的人，一切皆有可能。 句式升级 You should leave your post in no case. → In_no_case_should_you_leave_your_post. (用倒装句式升级) 4．average adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的n.平均数；平均水平；一般水准v.平均为；计算出……的平均数 [教材P26]Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? 那么是什么导致了全球平均地表温度的上升呢？ [归纳拓展] an average of 平均 with the/an average of 平均为 on (the/an) average 平均起来；在一般情况下 above/below (the) average 高于/低于平均数 [语境感悟] ①There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam，with an average of 18 students in each class.Tom's was above average while John's was below average. 这次考试有90个同学满分，每班平均有18名学生。汤姆的分数在平均分之上，而约翰的分数在平均分之下。 ②An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year，making it the driest year since 1850. 去年平均降雨量仅为18.75厘米，使其成为自1850年以来最干旱的一年。 ③Freddy was an average student，but not an average person. 弗瑞迪是个普通学生，但不是一个普通的人。 单句语法填空 ①The common cold is a good example：women, on average，get fewer colds than men. ②Last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68 ℃ above the average. 翻译句子 ③我平均每天花一小时锻炼身体。 On_average，I_spend_an_hour_a_day_in_working_out. 写出下列句中average的词性及含义 ④Parents spend an average of $220 a year on toys. n．平均数 ⑤Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour. v．平均为 ⑥40 hours is a fairly average working week for most people. adj.平均的 5．common adj.常见的；通常的；普遍的；普通的n.公共用地 [教材P26]Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，which has two common meanings：the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect. 气候科学家经常提到一个叫作“温室效应”的关键气候过程，它有两个共同的含义：“自然”温室效应和“人为”温室效应。 [归纳拓展] (1)have a lot/much/a great deal in common with... 与……有很多共同之处 have nothing/little in common with... 与……没有/几乎没有共同之处 (2)in common with... 与……一样 (3)common sense 常识 [语境感悟] ①Although they are good friends，they have little in common with each other. 尽管他们是好朋友，但是他们几乎没有共同之处。 ②Anyone with common sense is able to make the right decision when facing the situation. 当面对这种情况时，任何有常识的人都会做出正确的决定。 翻译句子 与我的朋友一样，我喜欢听音乐。 In_common_with_my_friends，I_like_listening_to_music. 6．refer to (referred，referred，referring)指的是；提到；涉及；参考；查阅 [教材P27]The “natural greenhouse effect” refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation. “自然温室效应”是指太阳产生的热量进入大气，并作为短波辐射加热地球表面。 [归纳拓展] (1)refer to a book/dictionary 查阅书/字典 look up...in... 在……中查阅…… refer...to... 把……提交……处理 refer to...as... 把……称作…… (2)reference n. 言及；提及；参考；查阅 in/with reference to 关于 [语境感悟] ①He delivered a speech without referring to his notes. 他发表了演讲，没有参考笔记。 ②In reference to further information，contact us by phoning. 关于进一步的信息，请致电咨询。 ③As the situation was unusual，he referred the matter to the editor. 由于情况非同寻常，他把这个问题交给编辑处理。 [名师点津]　look up表示“参考；查阅”时，其宾语多为word，information等；而refer to表示“参考；查阅”时，其宾语多为book，dictionary等。 写出下列句中refer to的含义 ①If you don't know the exact meaning of the word，you may refer to the dictionary. 查阅 ②Your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. 参考 ③We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again. 提及 ④The new law does not refer to land used for farming. 涉及 单句语法填空 ⑤People who work in offices are usually referred to as “white collar workers”． ⑥The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference (refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials. 7．amounts of 许多的；大量的(后接不可数名词)＝ a huge/large amount of大量的 [教材P27]When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels，more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly. 当人们通过燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。 [归纳拓展] (1)a huge/large amount of 修饰不可数名词。 (2)“a huge/large amount of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 (3)“huge/large amounts of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 (4) 常见数量修饰语分类： ①修饰可数名词复数：many，a good/great many，a good/large number of； ②修饰不可数名词：much，a good/great deal of，a large amount of，large amounts of； ③既可修饰可数名词复数又可修饰不可数名词：a lot of，lots of，a quantity of，quantities of，plenty of。 [语境感悟] ①Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. 胖瘦版的演员都吃了大量的食物。 ②Large amounts of money have been spent on building the bridge over the months. 数月以来，大量的资金用在了这座桥的建造上。 ③There is plenty of time to change your mind. 你有足够的时间改变主意。 ④A number of houses were burnt down in the fire. 在火灾中，好些房子被烧毁了。 ⑤The number of unemployed people in that area has grown by more than a quarter in the last month. 上个月，那个地区的失业人数增长超过了1/4。 单句语法填空 ①Now a great many college graduates are (be) seeking for a high-paid job.But a large number of them are (be) often not able to find a suitable post. ②The number of smokers，as is reported, has_dropped (drop) by 17 percent in just one year. ③A great deal of money was_donated (donate) to a university by an ordinary worker，which aroused public attention. ④Large quantities of water have been piped to the dry area since last year. ⑤Large amounts of money are spent on advertisements every year. 8．require vt.需要；要求 [教材P27]This requires the attention of people all over the world. 这需要全世界人民的关注。 [归纳拓展] (1)require sth.of sb. 向某人要求某物 require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事 It is required that...(should) do sth. 要求……做某事 require that...(should) do sth. 要求……做某事 (2)requirement n. 要求；需要；必需品 make a requirement 做了一个要求 meet/satisfy one's requirements 满足某人的要求 [语境感悟] ①The urgent situation required that he (should) be present. 这种紧急的情况要求他在场。 ②All the problems put forward at the meeting require solving/to be solved in one month. 会上提出的所有问题需要在一个月内解决。 ③I feel that I am competent enough to meet your requirements. 我感觉我有能力满足你们的要求。 ④Several students failed to reach the required standard. 有几名学生没达到规定的标准。 [名师点津]　(1)require表示“需要”接含有被动意义的非谓语动词时，不定式用被动结构，而动名词用主动结构，即require to be done或require doing。类似用法的词还有need，want等。 (2)require后的宾语从句，requirement后的表语从句、同位语从句通常要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”形式。 单句语法填空 ①Firstly，I hold the firm belief that I am competent to meet your requirements (require)． ②These small trees require looking/to_be_looked (look) after carefully. 一句多译 ③老师要求我们注意书写。 A．Our teacher required us to_pay_attention_to_our_handwriting. B．Our teacher required that we_(should)_pay_attention_to_our_handwriting. 9．consider vt.认为；考虑 [教材P27]Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate action and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 各国政府需要考虑制定政策，采取适当行动和措施减少温室气体排放。 [归纳拓展] (1)consider(考虑)＋ (2)consider(认为)＋ (3)consideration n．考虑；体谅 take...into consideration 考虑到……；顾及…… under consideration 正在考虑之中 [语境感悟] ①But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips，so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. 但这项运动的奇特形式确实给脚踝和臀部带来了相当大的压力，所以有这样受伤阅历的人或许在采用这种运动时会谨慎。 ②Nelson considers himself lucky though he suffers injuries. 尽管受了伤，尼尔森认为自己很幸运。 ③He considered it an honour to be invited to attend the party. 受邀参加晚会，他感到很荣幸。 ④Considering his ability and experience，he has done a good job. 鉴于他的能力和经验，他已做得很好了。 句式升级 They took everything into consideration，so they became more confident and went on with their research. → Taking_everything_into_consideration，they became more confident and went on with their research.(分词作状语) →Everything taken_into_consideration，they became more confident and went on with their research.(独立主格结构) 10．measure vt.测定；测量；评估vi.有……长(或宽、高等) n．尺寸；措施 [教材P27]Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 各国政府需要考虑制定政策，采取适当行动和措施减少温室气体排放。 [归纳拓展] (1)measure...by...用……来衡量…… be measured by/in... 用……来衡量/计算 (2)take measures/steps/action to do sth. 采取措施做某事 make sth.to sb.'s measure 照某人的尺寸做 [语境感悟] ①Although these measures are not effective forever，they are vital for now. 尽管这些措施不是永远有效的，但是就现在来说它们是很重要的。 ②The doctor weighed the baby and measured its height. 大夫给婴儿称体重量身高。 ③In the old days，people used to make new clothes to their measure. 过去，人们总是按他们的尺寸做新衣服。 ④It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall，some measuring over 90 meters. 那里气候很潮湿因此树木极其高，有些高达90多米。 [名师点津]　 (1)measure表“措施”时，应用复数形式。 (2)measure表“有……长(宽、高等)”时，是系动词，后跟量的结果，不用于被动语态及进行时态。 一句多译 是我们应该采取措施阻止空气被污染的时候了。 ①It's high time that we should take/took measures to prevent air from being polluted. ②It's high time that measures should_be_taken/were_taken_to_prevent_air_from_being_polluted. [重点句型] [教材P26]There_is_little_doubt_that Earth is getting warmer and warmer. 毫无疑问地球正在越来越暖和。 [句式分析] There is no doubt＋that引导的同位语从句。 [归纳拓展] (1)there is no doubt that... 毫无疑问 have doubt about sb./sth.＝doubt sb./sth. 怀疑某人/某物 there is some doubt whether...有些怀疑是否…… without doubt/beyond doubt 毫无疑问 (2)doubtful adj. 怀疑的 be doubtful about 怀疑 [语境感悟] ①There is no doubt that staying up is more likely to result in over-anxiety. 毫无疑问，熬夜更有可能导致人过分焦虑。 ②We are doubtful whether the autumn sports meet will be held in our school. 对于秋季运动会是否会在我们学校举行我们还有些怀疑。 ③I never doubt that special classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. 我确信特殊班级能够帮助这些有天赋的学生提前毕业，更早地在生活中找到他们的位置。 [名师点津]　(1)动词doubt在肯定句中，后多接if/whether引导的宾语从句；在否定或疑问句中后接that引导的宾语从句。 (2)名词doubt用于肯定句中，后接whether引导的同位语从句；用于否定句或疑问句中后接that引导的同位语从句。 单句语法填空 ①I never doubt that Chinese diet is the healthiest in the world. ②I doubt whether/if the new one will be any better. ③There is some doubt whether an iPhone X is worth buying. 一句多译 ④毫无疑问，剪纸是中国的传统文化之一。 A．I_don't_doubt_that paper-cutting is one of Chinese traditional cultures.(doubt v．) B．There is no doubt that/I have no doubt that paper-cutting is one of Chinese traditional cultures.(doubt n．) Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．We should seize (抓住) the precious chance, otherwise we would regret it sooner or later. 2．Our country has always been pursuing a policy (政策)of peace to deal with international affairs. 3．As an English teacher, you should master the current trend (趋势) in language teaching. 4．The news of the high-speed rail link in this area is soon broadcast/broadcasted (播送)all over the countryside. 5．Now the low carbon (碳) lifestyle is advocated, which is an important measure to keep sustainable development. 6．The reporter has made a comprehensive (详尽的)report on how the lunar soil was brought to the earth. Ⅱ.选词填空 have an impact on；refer to；be trapped in；result in；take measures 1．My teacher asked us to refer_to the first article in the magazine for details. 2．The government has promised to take_measures to help the unemployed. 3．Linda is likely to be_trapped_in this storm.If so, she must be in danger. 4．The expert stressed at the conference that if not checked, the accident could result_in a national disaster. 5．As a matter of fact, these TV programmes had_an_impact_on his English study.They helped him to pronounce the English words better. Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1．The house that is being built should be habitable (habit) by the new year. 2．The professor explained to us what sustainable (sustain) economic development was. 3．It is said that speed is restricted to 30 mph in towns in this country. 4．In conversation, he smiles frequently (frequent), which makes people feel pleased. 5．In some African countries, thousands of people are on the point of starving (starve) to death. 6．As is often instructed by our teacher, music is a great channel for releasing (release) your emotions. 7．These statistics are important from an ecological (ecology) point of view, because they offer much support to our long-term development. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $