Unit 4 课时作业(15) Period 3 Learning About Language 语法精析课（Word练习）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第三册高中同步学案（人教版）

课时作业(十五) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Meet Ben Saunders: adventurer, athlete, motivational speaker.Ben, at the age of 23, was the youngest man to ski solo (单人滑雪) to the North Pole.He dragged a 180-kilogramme sledge over 1, 420 miles through the worst Arctic conditions.This year, as well as planning a return to the Arctic.Ben plans to ski solo from the Antarctic coast to the South Pole and back in the autumn, carrying all his supplies on his sledge. Ben Saunders was fired after persuading the firm to support his disorganized first adventure.“Everything that could go wrong did go wrong.We were attacked by a bear.We started running out of food.It was just desperate, And we didn't get to the Pole: we didn't get there, so we had no media interest.No one heard about it; no book deal, and no speaking.I was so unhappy.” People said it was impossible for me to get to the Pole.I said，“No, I can get there，”and I did, Self-belief, I see it as being a bit like a muscle—it's my belief that the more you stretch yourself the stronger it gets.If you never do anything that's uncomfortable or risky then your self-belief gets weaker.So that's one of the lessons I've figured out along the way.The thing that I've stretched and tested is my self-belief. “My Antarctic adventure is just practicable and that's what is exciting to me.If I knew it was possible, if I knew I could do it without too much bother, I wouldn't be interested.”Why? “Personally I'm attracted by the human performance element to it.Not that long ago, running a marathon was seen as the top point of human attempt, and now I wouldn't be that surprised if my mum said she was going to run one next year.” People's horizons are changing.“I'm not particularly gifted, and I'm absolutely average.I've just chosen this one goal to achieve and I've been working hard to realize it.That's it.And that's the thing that attracts me: with enough training and enough determination, enough focus and preparation, how far can we go？And I don't think I've found out yet.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了英国队长“极地探险勇士”本·桑德斯。 1．What do we know about Ben Saunders' first adventure? A．There was no press coverage. B．It was supported by his company. C．It was well planned and organized. D．He actually reached the North Pole. A　 细节理解题。由第二段中的“we didn't get there, so we had no media interest”可知， 在本·桑德斯的第一次北极探险中， 由于他们没有到达北极， 所以没有媒体的报道。 2．According to Ben Saunders, if you want to stretch your self-belief, you should _____. A．often test your confidence B．try something adventurous C．aim to reach the North Pole D．always stretch your muscles B　 推理判断题。由第三段中的“If you never do anything that's uncomfortable or risky then your self-belief gets weaker.”可知， 本·桑德斯认为如果你从不做任何不舒服或有风险的事情， 那么你的自我信念就会变弱， 因此， 如果想增强自我信念， 就需要尝试一些有挑战的事情。 3．Ben Saunders was excited about his Antarctic adventure because ________. A．he liked running a marathon B．he wanted to exercise his body C．he knew it might be achievable D．he was sure he could do it easily C　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“My Antarctic adventure is just practicable and that' s what is exciting to me.”可知， 令本·桑德斯感到兴奋的是他的南极探险是可行的、可以实现的。 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．We have to change our views about adventure. B．We can never know our possibilities and energies. C．We should have a reason for going on an adventure. D．We have to be especially talented to have an adventure. B　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“with enough training and...how far can we go？And I don't think I've found out yet”可知， 本·桑德斯认为我们永远不会知道我们能走多远， 即我们不会知道我们的潜能和力量。 B Dear daughters， Most parents tell their children, “You can be anything you want when you grow up.”I feel the same and I say this often.But I also want you to understand that realizing your dreams comes from hard work，some good luck and good timing. Girls，here are some words of wisdom as you make your way in the world，from an entrepreneur (企业家) and from your mama. 1．Be open-minded to changing your path (even several times) along the way.In high school，I wanted to be a politician.I left my hometown and went off to college in Washington，DC.There，I discovered that I loved to support women.It taught me that I'm creative，a strong leader and great at marketing.As a result，I moved on to be the head of a national health care nonprofit.Becoming a mother while in that job opened my mind to launching a breast pump bag (储奶袋) business.Now I run a highly successful company that I started up on my own. Figure out what you are good at and what you are passionate about.Keep an open mind; the initial (最初的) path you choose may lead you into other areas. Don't waste your money or time，but constantly change what you are doing professionally based on what you are learning about yourself. 2．Failure is critical to your success I won't tell you to feel good about failure.Failure can be heartbreaking.But I will tell you that every failure I've had along the way has absolutely made me better. Failing the big math exam in high school and going to summer school was embarrassing.I eventually passed，and I've never failed an exam again.I learned from that experience to ask for help.Now，I ask for help in business all the time. Being passed over for a significant job opportunity that I was more than qualified for because of unfair assumptions (being too young for the role) hurt me.I had a three-month pity party.And then I went out and got a big job at a national organization at age 27.It's okay to get angry! Take that and turn it into positive action. I'm proud to be a role model to you as a mom and an entrepreneur.I hope I inspire you to believe that you can be anything you want and you can have everything on your list.It will be my pleasure to watch your lives unfold before my eyes. Love， Your mom 【语篇解读】　本文主要叙述了作者作为一位母亲，她用自己的经历对女儿们的未来提出了一些宝贵的建议。比如要努力，思维要开放，根据自己的特长不断调整自己，找到适合自己的职业。不要害怕困难，遇到困难要敢于向他人求助。 5．The author wrote this letter to her daughters mainly to ________. A．share her own past regrets with them B．tell them how she has succeeded in business C．make some suggestions for their future lives D．encourage them to be who they want to be C　推理判断题。根据第一段“But I also want you to understand that realizing your dreams comes from hard work，some good luck and good timing.”以及第二段“Girls，here are some words of wisdom as you make your way in the world，from an entrepreneur and from your mama.”可知，作者想让她的女儿们明白实现梦想不仅要有好运气、好时机，更要努力。因此作为一个企业家的妈妈想给她们一些建议。也就是对孩子们的未来提出一些建议。分析选项可知C项(对她们未来的生活提出一些建议)符合题意，故选C。 6．According to the article，the author _____. A．is a successful politician and entrepreneur B．is worried about her daughters' career choices C．is against frequently changing one's profession D．thinks one should be willing to change his or her career path D　细节理解题。根据第一个建议“Be open-minded to changing your path (even several times) along the way.”以及“Keep an open mind; the initial path you choose may lead you into other areas.”可知，作者认为一个人应该愿意改变自己的职业道路。分析选项可知，故选D。 7．What did the author learn from her failure? A．We shouldn't get angry when we fail. B．It's important to turn to others for help. C．Work hard to make sure you are qualified. D．Don't care too much about the injustices you face. B　推理判断题。根据第二条建议中“Failing the big math exam in high school and going to summer school was embarrassing.I eventually passed，and I've never failed an exam again.I learned from that experience to ask for help.Now，I ask for help in business all the time.”可知，作者在高中数学大考不及格，只好上暑期班(寻求帮助)，才通过考试。从那次经历中懂得要寻求帮助。现在，我一直在商业上寻求帮助。由此可知，失败时要学会(向他人)寻求帮助，才能成功，从而得出寻求帮助很重要。故选B。 8．Which of the following words best describe the author? A．Passionate and flexible (灵活的)． B．Modest and cautious. C．Caring and generous. D．Proud and humorous. A　推理判断题。本文主要叙述了作为母亲的作者对女儿们的未来提出了一些建议，比如要努力，思维要开放，根据自己的特长不断调整自己，找到适合自己的职业。不要害怕困难，遇到困难要敢于向他人求助。可以看出作者做事灵活(flexible)。由文章中“Figure out what you are good at and what you are passionate about.(弄清楚你擅长什么，对什么充满激情。)”可知作者是一个有激情的(passionate)人，故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 “Daily Star，sir, ”called Jason，carrying some newspapers under his arm.The little boy had been running up and down the street，but there were still twenty papers left.His voice was almost gone and his heart was heavy.The shops would soon close，and all the people would go home.He would have to go home too，carrying the papers __1__ money.He had hoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a __2__ for his mother and some seeds for his bird.That was why he had bought the papers with all his money.He __3__ as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers. “You don't know the __4__ of selling papers.You must shout，‘Hot news! Bomb bursting！’”another newsboy Chad told Jason.“But it's not in the paper at all, ”replied Jason.“Just run away quickly __5__ they have time to see，and you'll __6__ out and get your money, ”Chad said. It was a new __7__ to Jason.He thought of his bird with no seeds and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother，but was __8__ that he would not tell a lie.Though he was just a poor newsboy，he had been __9__ some good things. The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers __10__.Several boys were crowding around Chad，who declared with a __11__ smile that he sold six dozen the day before.He added that Jason __12__ money because he would not tell a lie.The boys __13__ at Jason.“You wouldn't tell a lie yesterday，my boy? ”A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jason's shoulder __14__,_“You're just the boy I am looking for.“A week later Jason started his new __15__.He lost the sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a lie，but got a well-paid job because he told the truth. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。报童Jason不想撒谎，没有卖掉所有的报纸，无法给妈妈买蛋糕，给鸟儿买鸟食，还被别的报童嘲笑，但最后因为诚实，他得到了一份高薪的工作。 1．A.instead of　　　　 B．in return for C．in spite of D．in exchange for A　考查介词短语辨析。句意：他也得回家，带着报纸，而不是钱。instead of代替，而不是；in return for作为……回报； in spite of即使；in exchange for交换。根据上文but there were still twenty papers left可知，报纸没卖出去，因而拿回家的只能是剩下的报纸，而不是挣的钱。故选A。 2．A.banjo B．card C．comb D．cake D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他本来希望今晚能多卖些报纸，多赚点钱给他妈妈买个蛋糕，给他的鸟买点鸟食。banjo班卓琴；card卡片； .comb梳子；cake蛋糕。根据下文the cake he wanted to buy for his mother可知，他想给母亲买的是蛋糕(cake)。故选D。 3．A.gave in B．broke down C．got away D．turned down B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：他一想到没有卖掉所有的报纸就情不自禁地哭了起来。gave in屈服，让步；broke down情不自禁地哭起来；got away逃离；turned down拒绝。根据as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers可知，他一想到没有卖掉所有的报纸就情不自禁地哭了起来。故选B。 4．A.difficulty B．process C．enthusiam D．secret D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不知道卖报纸的诀窍。你必须大喊：‘最新消息！爆炸性消息！’另一个报童Chad告诉Jason。difficulty困难；process过程；enthusiam热情；secret秘密，诀窍。根据You must shout，‘Hot news! Bomb bursting！’可知这里表示不知道卖报纸的诀窍。故选D。 5．A.before B．since C．though D．unless A　考查连词词义辨析。句意：Chad说： “趁他们还没来得及看，赶快跑掉，你就会把报纸全部卖掉，赚到钱。”before在……之前；since自从；though尽管；unless如果……不。根据they have time to see可知，这里表示在人们看报纸之前就跑掉，应用连词before。故选A。 6．A.call B．drop C．sell D．reach C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：Chad说： “趁他们还没来得及看，赶快跑掉，你就会把报纸全部卖掉，赚到钱。”call呼叫，召集；drop下降，终止；sell出卖，推销；reach伸出。根据and get your money可知，把报纸全部卖掉才能赚到钱，sell out卖出，卖光。故选C。 7．A.idea B．task C．policy D．edition A　考查名词辨析。句意：对Jason来说这是个新主意。idea主意，想法； task任务； policy政策；edition版本，故选A。 8．A.concerned B．amazed C．excited D．resolved D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他想起了那只没有鸟食吃的鸟和那块他想给妈妈买的蛋糕，但他下定决心不说谎。concerned担心的，关心的；amazed吃惊的；excited兴奋的；resolved下定决心的。根据转折词but和he would not tell a lie可知，此处表示他决心不说谎话。故选D。 9．A.taught B．handed C．awarded D．motivated A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他只是一个可怜的小报童，但他被教育要有优良的品质。taught教；handed交；awarded授予；motivated激励。根据some good things可知他被教育要有优良的品质。故选A。 10．A.at once B．by chance C．as usual D．on purpose C　考查介词短语辨析。句意：第二天下午，Jason像往常一样去邮局取报纸。at once立刻；by chance偶然；as usual像往常一样；on purpose故意地。根据The next afternoon及上文内容可知，这里表示第二天下午，Jason像往常一样去邮局取报纸。故选C。 11．A.proud B．gentle C．warm D．polite A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几个男孩围在Chad身边，Chad面带微笑，自豪地宣称前一天他卖了6打报纸。proud自豪的；gentle温柔的；warm温暖的；polite礼貌的。根据that he sold six dozen the day before可知，这里表示Chad是很自豪自己卖了那么多的报纸。故选A。 12．A.borrowed B．lost C．made D．saved B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：Chad补充说，Jason因不愿撒谎而没挣到钱。borrowed借；lost失去；made制造，使；saved挽救，节省。根据because he would not tell a lie可知，Jason因为不愿撒谎而没挣到钱。故选B。 13．A.laughed B．shouted C．nodded D．stared A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：男孩们嘲笑Jason。laughed嘲笑；shouted大叫；nodded点头；stared盯着看。根据语境可知，那些男孩在嘲笑Jason，故选A。 14．A.bravely B．gratefully C．fondly D．modestly C　考查副词词义辨析。句意：办公室里的一位先生走过来，温柔地拍了拍Jason的肩膀， “你正是我要找的男孩。”bravely勇敢地；gratefully感激地；fondly温柔地；modestly谦虚地。根据下文You're just the boy I am looking for可知，那位先生对他是喜欢的，因而他温柔地拍了拍Jason的肩膀。故选C。 15．A.duty B．business C．job D．corporation C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：一周后，Jason开始了他的新工作。duty责任；business生意；job工作；corporation公司。根据下文but got a well-paid job because he told the truth可知，Jason得到了一份报酬很好的新工作。故选C。 Ⅲ.语法填空 It's tough to teach kids perseverance and mental strength in the modern world.Technology allows for instant satisfaction and our digital devices offer an easy escape when things get tough.Kids have less 1. ________ (patient) than ever when things aren't going their way.The good news is that perseverance is a skill that can 2. ________ (learn), even in the age of electronics. Although there are many mental strength exercises 3. ________ will teach your kids to stay the course, the Batman Effect is a fun and simple way to show kids they're 4. ________ (strong) than they think. Telling your child 5. ________ (pretend) to be Batman，Dora the Explorer，Bob the Builder，or another hardworking character could increase his ability to persevere，according 6. ________ a 2016 study published in Child Development. Identify one of your child's favorite 7.________ (character)—make sure it's someone who is hardworking, like Rapunzel.Then, you can say，“Pretend to be Rapunzel and do your work 8.________ same way Rapunzel would do it.”Check up on him regularly by 9. ________ (ask)，“How's it going, Rapunzel？”You'll probably find he's able to perform better than usual. Each time your child 10. ________ (successful) perseveres, he'll build the mental strength he needs to do hard things.And the more confident he becomes, the more challenges he'll tackle. 【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何通过“蝙蝠侠效应”来培养孩子们的毅力。 1．patience　考查名词。设空处在句中作have的宾语，应用其名词形式，故填patience。 2．be learned　考查情态动词的被动语态。that can...是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a skill，that在从句中作主语，指代a skill；learn和a skill之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，又因为设空处前面有can，故填be learned。 3．that / which　考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词mental strength exercises，且在从句中作主语，故填that / which。 4．stronger　考查形容词的比较级。根据设空处后面的than可知，应用strong的比较级形式，故填stronger。 5．to pretend　考查动词不定式作宾语的用法。tell sb.to do sth.是固定用法，意为“告诉某人去做某事”，故填to pretend。 6．to　考查介词。according to是固定搭配，意为“根据”，故填to。 7．characters　考查名词复数。“one of＋形容词＋名词复数”是固定用法，意为“是……的其中之一”，故填characters。 8．the　考查冠词。same前通常要加定冠词the。 9．asking　考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。根据设空处前面的介词by可知，应用动词-ing形式作宾语，故填asking。 10．successfully　考查副词。设空处在句中作状语，修饰谓语perseveres，应用其副词形式，故填successfully。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $