Unit 3 课时作业(9) Period 1 Reading and Thinking (Ⅰ) 语篇研读课（Word练习）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第三册高中同步学案（人教版）

课时作业(九) Ⅰ.阅读理解 Despite the long-term warming trend seen around the globe，the oceans have cooled in the last three years，scientists said. It suggests that global warming trends can sometimes take a break. In the last century，Earth's temperature has risen about 1 degree Fahrenheit.Most scientists agree that much of the warming in the past 50 years has been caused by the burning of fossil fuels and other human activities，and most scientists expect the oceans will finally continue to warm in response to climate change humans have caused. This research suggests that global warming isn't always steady.The oceans today are still warmer than they were during the 1980s. Regardless of the cooling trend observed since 2003，average sea level has continued to rise.The rising of sea level occurs due to the thermal (热的) expansion of the oceans from the heating and run-off from melting ice sheets and glaciers. The recent cooling trend suggests sea level should have actually decreased in the past two years.Despite this，sea level has continued to rise.This may mean that the sea level rise has recently changed from being mostly caused by warming to being controlled by melting. In a study before，researchers reported that in parts of the Antarctic,84 percent of glaciers have drawn back over the past 50 years in response to a warmer climate.But the melting glaciers are not the reason for the cooling.The amount of ice and water from the melting glaciers is very small compared to the overall temperature of the oceans.Researchers have not yet known the cause of ocean cooling in the last three years but hope that further studies will make this unusual thing understood. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了尽管全球出现了长期变暖的趋势， 但海水温度反而降低。这表明， 全球变暖的趋势有时会有所缓解。 1．The underlined word“It”in the first paragraph refers to ________. A．the long-term warming trend B．Earth's temperature C．the cooling of the oceans D．climate change C　词义猜测题。由第一段“Despite the long-term...a break.”可知， 科学家们说， 尽管全球出现了长期变暖的趋势， 但在过去三年里， 海洋温度已经冷却了。这表明， 全球变暖的趋势有时会有所缓解。所以根据上下文的语境， 可以判断出这里的It指代的是“the cooling of the oceans”。 2．According to the passage，how many causes are there leading to the sea level rise? A．One.　　　　　　　 B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. B　细节理解题。由第四段“The rising of sea level occurs due to...glaciers”可知， 海平面上升是由于海洋因热量增加而膨胀， 以及冰盖和冰川融化导致的径流而造成的。所以根据文章可知， 导致海平面上升的原因有两个。 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Global warming will be worse and worse. B．The cause of ocean cooling isn't clear. C．Sea level has stopped rising for the past two years. D．The rising of sea level will cause many deaths. B　细节理解题。由第六段“Researchers have not...in the last three years...”可知， 研究人员还不知道过去三年海洋温度下降的原因。所以B选项“海洋温度下降的原因尚不清楚”符合文意。 4．What would be the best title for the passage? A．The Rising of Sea Level B．The Warming Earth C．The Oceans on Earth D．Global Warming Takes a Break D　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段“Despite the long-term warming...a break.”可知， 科学家们说， 尽管全球出现了长期变暖的趋势， 但在过去三年里， 海洋温度已经下降。这表明， 全球变暖的趋势有时会有所缓解。以及下文解释了其他因素而不是全球变暖造成的地球温度上升和海平面上升， 这些都在说明全球变暖的趋势有所缓解。故D选项“全球变暖的趋势有所缓解”为短文最佳标题。 Ⅱ.七选五 If you work hard to have a positive attitude，you might be surprised by how much better you feel about yourself and life in general. __1__ The less stress you feel，the better you will feel generally.So if you've been feeling tired，think about the good thing，put on a happy face and you just might feel better soon. But how can you have a positive attitude when life is hard？It's more than just turning life's lemons into lemonade. __2__ But it's worth it.Here are some ways you can develop and maintain (保持) a positive attitude even in the midst of life's troubles. __3__ It just means being an optimist and looking for the good things in life，rather than being a pessimist (悲观者) and focusing on the bad things in life.Sometimes your view can make all the difference in the world. Identify those areas of your life that might not be going so well. __4__ Focus on one area at a time and think of ways you can find the positive in them. Smile and laugh！Yes，it can be that simple.Learn to love life，no matter what's going on.Smile at others and they will smile back at you. __5__ Sometimes laughter really is the best medicine. Exercise！Get off the couch and get moving.Being active and healthy can give you a completely different attitude to life. A．Have fun and find the humor in life. B．You may find it hard to stay positive in your life. C．Having a positive attitude can take some hard work. D．A positive attitude doesn't mean taking no notice of life's troubles. E．Having a positive attitude can also reduce your stress level. F．These are the areas likely to make you think negative thoughts. G．Go to bed earlier so you get the sleep you need to feel positive. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了积极向上的生活态度会给我们带来很多好处， 并提出了四个让我们养成积极向上的生活态度的建议。 1．E　横线前一句告诉我们： 如果你态度积极， 那么你就会非常自信。后一句涉及压力的话题。本句应该介绍积极向上的态度对压力的影响。E项Having a positive attitude can also reduce your stress level.(拥有积极的态度能够减少你的压力)很好地把上下文串联在一起。 2．C　横线前一句It's more than just turning life's lemons into lemonade.告诉我们， 积极的态度不只是把柠檬变成柠檬水这么简单。C项Having a positive attitude can take some hard work.(拥有积极的态度需要付出努力)能够承接上文。 3．D　横线后句It just means being an optimist and looking for the good things in life.告诉我们积极向上意味着我们要乐观向上并寻找生活中美好的事情。D项A positive attitude doesn't mean taking no notice of life's troubles.(积极向上不意味着忽视生活中的困境)是对积极向上内涵的解释， 符合此处语境。 4．F　由横线前一句Identify those areas of your life that might not be going so well.可知， 我们要辨认出生活中不美好的事物。F项These are the areas likely to make you think negative thoughts.(这些方面可能会让你产生消极的想法)承接上文。 5．A　本段的主题是Smile and laugh! 建议我们在生活中保持微笑。要从生活中找到快乐和幽默。A项Have fun and find the humor in life.(享受生活， 发现生活中的幽默)与横线后一句Sometimes laughter really is the best medicine.(有时候笑真的是最好的药)相吻合。 Ⅲ.完形填空 When Laura Wood's senior year began, she was expecting to talk to the usual handful of members in the Environmental Club of Scarborough. __1__,_she found herself standing in front of 60 of her peers. The year before Wood took over as __2__,_the new club was still trying to establish itself.As the first meeting __3__,_she worked hard to advertise that the club still existed and was looking for __4__ members.Her campaign worked.Sixty __5__ showed up to hear what Wood would say about helping to improve the local environment. “It was __6__，”said Wood，“I really wasn't __7__ 60 kids, you know, because last year there were only 10.We want to help buy our school the first __8__ minibus.” Under Wood's direction, the club suddenly started to grow __9__.Later, it opened the green bus bank account. With the club, Wood also collected cans and paper both to raise more money and to help the school reduce __10__.This wasn't always an easy job.Wood didn't just pick up __11__ ；she sorted the useful waste out, sometimes after it had been __12__ thrown away.“We'd be a little __13__ most of the time in the afternoons，”said Wood. By the end of the year they had been __14__ about $60 a week by saving the cans and bottles. This is how Wood usually goes about starting change: quietly but effectively.“She's a __15__ kid，”said Principal Andrew Dolloff，“She just doesn't do flashy(招摇的) things to get noticed.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。Laura Wood是学校环保俱乐部的主席，该俱乐部回收垃圾，并打算筹资为学校买一辆小型环保公共汽车。 1．A.Therefore B．Instead C．Besides D．Anyhow B　结合第三段中Wood所说的话可知，她本来以为成员会寥寥无几，相反，成员竟达到了60个。故用Instead，表示“相反”。 2．A.president B．teacher C．worker D．employer A　根据该空前的 took over以及第四段中的 Under Wood's direction可知，Wood成了该俱乐部的主席，故用president。 3．A.announced B．suggested C．ended D．approached D　结合常识和第二段可知，此处表示当第一次会议就要来临(approached)的时候，她努力为俱乐部进行宣传。 4．A.old B．national C．new D．official C　根据语境可知，此处表示俱乐部正在招募新(new)成员。 5．A.students B．experts C．professors D．cleaners A　根据文章第一句可知，Wood是个学生。再结合文中多次出现的 school可知，前来听Wood讲话的是俱乐部招募的学生(students)。 6．A.interesting B．exciting C．frustrating D．amusing B　根据本段内容可知，学生们非常踊跃，前来参加会议的人很多，Wood没有想到有这么多人，由此推知此处表示Wood说“这是令人兴奋的(exciting)”。 7．A.recognizing B．calling C．expecting D．counting C　结合该段中Wood所说的话可知，她没有料到(expecting)会有这么多同学参与。文章第一句中的 expecting也给出了提示。 8．A.clean B．green C．safe D．fast B　根据Wood发起的是环保运动及第四段中的green bus bank account可知，她想帮助学校买一辆环保的(green)小型公共汽车。 9．A.mentally B．physically C．politically D．financially D　因为参与的人数剧增，俱乐部在财力方面(financially)突然开始增长，所以才有了下一句中提到的银行账户的建立。 10．A.waste B．cost C．pressure D．problems A　结合语境和常识可知，收集罐子和纸是为了筹资并帮助学校减少浪费(waste)。 11．A.recycling B．learning C．practicing D．funding A　她不只是捡起要回收利用的物品(recycling)，还整理有用的垃圾。 12．A.clearly B．hurriedly C．deliberately D．mistakenly D　该空前的it指代the useful waste。有时这些东西是被人们误扔的，故用 mistakenly(错误地)。 13．A.crazy B．healthy C．smelly D．busy C　因为需要分拣垃圾，所以他们身上有些难闻。smelly有难闻气味的。 14．A.losing B．averaging C．counting D．paying B　由该空后的 about $60 a week及语境可知他们平均每星期赚约60美元。average在此处为动词，表示“平均为”。 15．A.strange B．silly C．lovely D．great D　根据最后一段中对Wood的评价可知，她很务实，从不哗众取宠，因此 Andrew Dolloff说她是一个了不起的(great)孩子。 Ⅳ.语法填空 Experts say the bee population is getting smaller because of climate change and other human-caused __1__ (activity)．We are building houses and cities on land where they live，and using chemicals __2__ are killing them.Last winter，U.S.beekeepers __3__ (lose) almost 40% of their colonies(蜂群)． Thiele, __4__ beekeeper，says the usual ways people raise honey bees __5__ (be) bad for their health.He rejects the white boxes that __6__ (tradition) beekeepers use.He also refuses to use chemicals，smoke or protective clothing when he works with bees.He touches them __7__ his bare hands.Thiele says his hives (蜂巢)are both a way to save bees and a personal project. While bees crawled (爬) over his hands and arms he said，“It feels so close and I feel how __8__ (deep) we belong and how important it is __9__ (keep) them safe from harm.” He added that honey bees show how fragile life is.He made a __10__ (far) remark，“As if they are really mirroring where we are on this time on this planet.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了气候变化和其他人为活动导致蜜蜂数量的减少以及养蜂人蒂勒独特的养蜂方法及感悟。 1．activities　考查名词。other修饰可数名词复数，故填activities。 2．which/that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，修饰chemicals，先行词为chemicals，从句中缺主语，故填关系代词which/that。 3．lost　考查动词时态。根据时间状语“Lastwinter”可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填lost。 4．a　考查冠词。此处修饰可数名词beekeeper，表示泛指“一位养蜂人”，作Thiele的同位语，且beekeeper以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。 5．are　考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时；主语为the usual ways，谓语动词用复数，故填are。 6．traditional　考查形容词。此处修饰名词beekeepers，故填形容词traditional。 7．with　考查介词。分析句子结构和句意可知，此处应用介词，表示“用”，故填with。 8．deeply　考查副词。此处修饰动词belong，故填副词deeply。 9．to keep　考查动词。此处为It is＋adj.＋to do sth结构，表示“做某事是……的”，it为形式主语，后面的不定式是真正的主语，故填to keep。 10．further　考查比较级。根据句意可知，此处有一个隐晦的比较意义，表示“进一步说”，故填further。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $