内容正文:
教学课件
新人教版七年级上册Unit7语法精讲
序数词 + how old/how many/how much
XX中学 XX老师
1
01.
序数词(定义+构成规则)
02.
序数词的用法(日期+问答)
03.
序数词易错点辨析
04.
how old/how many/how much用法
05.
三类疑问词对比辨析
06
分层练习(基础+中档+提高)
目录 / CONTENTS
第一部分序数词——核心定义与功能
定义:表示人或事物的顺序、先后位次、日期的词
与基数词的区别:
基数词表“数量”(one, two),序数词表“顺序”(first, second)
核心应用:生日、节日日期表达,事件发生顺序描述
序数词构成(一)——特殊变化(1-3)
基数词 序数词 缩写 中文
one first 1st 第一
two second 2nd 第二
three third 3rd 第三
无固定规律,需单独记忆
序数词构成(二)——规则变化(4-19·基础)
基数词 序数词 缩写 中文
four fourth 4th 第四
six sixth 6th 第六
seven seventh 7th 第七
ten tenth 10th 第十
基本规则:基数词后直接加 -th
序数词构成(三)——规则变化(4-19·易错)
基数词 序数词 缩写 变化规则
five fifth 5th 把 ve 变为 f,再加 -th
eight eighth 8th 直接加 -h,不重复 t
nine ninth 9th 去掉末尾的 e,再加 -th
twelve twelfth 12th 把 ve 变为 f,再加 -th
加 -th 前需改变拼写(高频错点)
1. 整十数变化(20、30):末尾 y 变 i,加 -eth
2. 复合变化(21-29、31):十位用基数词,个位用序数词,中间加连字符(仅个位变序数)
基数词 序数词 缩写 中文
times twentieth 20th 第二十
thirty thirtieth 30th 第三十
twenty-one twenty-first 21st 第二十一
twenty-five twenty-fifth 25th 第二十五
序数词构成(四)——整十数与复合变化
核心场景:生日、节日具体日期(Unit 7重点)
1. 美式表达:月份 + 序数词(可缩写)
2. 英式表达:the + 序数词 + of + 月份
表达类型 结构 例句
美式 Month + 序数词(缩写) My birthday is on August 2nd.(8月2日)
英式 the + 序数词 + of + Month It’s on the second of August.(8月2日)
第二部分序数词的用法(一)——日期表达
1. 缩写规则:数字 + 序数词最后两个字母(七年级必掌握)
常见缩写:1st (first)、2nd (second)、3rd (third)、4th (fourth)、21st (twenty-first)
2. 生日/节日时间问答:When is...? → It’s on + 月份 + 序数词
问句 答句
—When is your mum’s birthday? —It’s on July 15th.(7月15日)
—When is China’s National Day? —It’s on October 1st.(10月1日)
序数词的用法(二)——缩写与问答
第三部分序数词高频易错点(一)
避坑指南:常见错误+正确形式
1. 拼写错误(高频)
误:fiveth(five的序数词)、nineth(nine的序数词)
正:fifth、ninth
误:twelveth(twelve的序数词)
正:twelfth
2. 复合序数词变化错误
误:twenty-oneth(21的序数词)、thirty-fiveth(35的序数词)
正:twenty-first、thirty-fifth
序数词高频易错点(二)
3. 日期表达格式错误
误:on August 2(缺少序数词)、on the 2 of August(序数词形式错)
正:on August 2nd / on the second of August
4. 缩写形式错误
误:1th(first的缩写)、2th(second的缩写)、3th(third的缩写)
正:1st、2nd、3rd
5. 语法搭配错误:序数词前通常加the(表特指),日期美式可省the,英式必保留
本单元重点:how引导的3类特殊疑问词,用于购物、生日相关交流
疑问词 核心功能 适用场景
how old 询问年龄 询问人/动物的岁数(生日相关)
how many 询问可数名词数量 询问可计数的人/物(如蜡烛、朋友数量)
how much 询问不可数名词数量/物品价格 询问不可数事物(如果汁、面包)或物品价格(如蛋糕、礼物)
第四部分 how相关疑问词——核心定义与功能
how old 详细用法
核心功能:提问年龄
句型结构:
疑问句:How old + be动词 + 主语?
回答句:主语 + be动词 + 数字 (+ years old)(years old可省略)
例句:
—How old are you? —I’m twelve (years old).
—How old is your brother? —He’s five (years old).
how many 详细用法
核心功能:询问可数名词的数量
关键规则:后接可数名词复数
句型结构:
疑问句:How many + 可数名词复数 + 一般疑问句?
回答句:主语 + 动词 + 数字 (+ 名词复数) / 直接用数字回答
例句:
—How many candles do you need? —We need ten (candles).
—How many friends will come? —Fifteen (friends).
how much 详细用法
核心功能:1. 询问不可数名词数量;2. 询问物品价格
句型结构:
功能 疑问句结构 例句 回答方式
询问不可数数量 How much + 不可数名词 + 一般疑问句? How much juice do we need? 数字 + 量词 (+ of + 不可数名词)
询问价格 How much + be动词 + 物品? How much is the birthday cake? 数字 (+ 货币单位)
第五部分三类疑问词对比辨析
疑问词 提问对象 后接成分 回答方式 关键区别
how old 年龄 无(直接接be动词) 数字 (+ years old) 仅针对“年龄”提问
how many 可数名词数量 可数名词复数 具体数字 后接复数名词,不可接不可数名词
how much 不可数数量/价格 不可数名词;或省略名词 数字+量词/数字+货币单位 可问价格,也可问不可数数量
疑问词易错点辨析
1. 主谓语序错误:疑问句需be动词/助动词提前
误:How old you are? 正:How old are you?
2. 名词单复数错误:how many后接复数,how much后接不可数
误:How many cake? 正:How many cakes?
误:How much apples? 正:How many apples?
3. 价格表达错误:yuan无复数
误:It’s 80 yuans. 正:It’s 80 yuan.
第六部分分层练习(一)——基础题·序数词转换
写出下列基数词对应的序数词及缩写,标注特殊变化规则
one → ( ),规则:________________
two → ( ),规则:________________
three → ( ),规则:________________
five → ( ),规则:________________
eight → ( ),规则:________________
nine → ( ),规则:________________
twelve → ( ),规则:________________
twenty → ( ),规则:_______________
first,1st
特殊变化,单独记忆
second,2nd
特殊变化,单独记忆
third,3rd
特殊变化,单独记忆
fifth,5th
把 ve 变为 f,再加 -th
eighth,8th
直接加 -h,不重复 t
ninth,9th
去掉末尾的 e,再加 -th
twelfth,12th
把 ve 变为 f,再加 -th
twentieth,20th
末尾 y 变 i,加 -eth
基础题·序数词转换
twenty-one → ( ),规则:________
thirty → ( ),规则:________
six → ( ),规则:________
seven → ( ),规则:________
twenty-five → ( ),规则:________
thirty-one → ( ),规则:________
ten → ( ),规则:________
twenty-first,21st
十位用基数词,个位用序数词,中间加连字符
thirtieth,30th
末尾 y 变 i,加 -eth
sixth,6th
基数词后直接加 -th
seventh,7th
基数词后直接加 -th
twenty-fifth,25th
十位用基数词,个位用序数词,中间加连字符
thirty-first,31st
十位用基数词,个位用序数词,中间加连字符
tenth,10th
基数词后直接加 -th
基础题·疑问词填空
用 how old/how many/how much 填空
_______________ is your grandfather? He’s 70 years old.
_______________ candles do you want for the cake? I want 12.
_______________ is this toy car? It’s 35 yuan.
_______________ milk do you need for the drink? Two boxes.
_______________ are these flowers? They’re 50 yuan.
_______________ books are there on the desk? Ten.
_______________ is your little sister? She’s 3 years old.
__________________ rice do we have at home? A little.
How old
How many
How much
How much
How much
How many
How old
How much
分层练习(二)——中档题·序数词填空
用序数词正确形式填空
Teachers’ Day is on the ______ (ten) of September.
My birthday is on the ______ (one) of January.
International Nurses Day is on the ______ (twelve) of May.
Christmas Day is on the ______ (twenty-five) of December.
The party is on the ______ (three) of October.
Her mother’s birthday is on the ______ (eight) of April.
We have a test on the ______ (nine) of November.
New Year’s Day is on the ______ (one) of January.
tenth
first
twelfth
twenty-fifth
third
eighth
ninth
first
中档题·句型转换(序数词相关)
按要求改写句子或回答问题
When is your birthday?(根据提示回答:7月8日 )
Her birthday is on 20th July.(对划线部分提问)
When is Children’s Day?(根据常识回答,用序数词)
On 12th May is International Nurses Day.(改正句子语法错误)
It is on July 8th.
When is her birthday?
It’s on the first of June. / It’s on June 1st.
International Nurses Day is on May 12th.
提高题·综合运用
阅读短文,用所给词的适当形式填空
Today is Lily’s ______ (twelve) birthday. Her parents buy a big cake for her. They ask ______ (how many/how much) friends Lily wants to invite. Lily says 10 friends. They go to the supermarket to buy juice. Lily asks her mom: “______ (how much/how many) juice do we need?” Her mom says: “Three bottles.” Then they buy some balloons. Lily asks the shopkeeper: “______ (how much/how old) are these balloons?” The shopkeeper says: “20 yuan.” They have a happy party in the evening.
twelfth
how many
How much
How much
提高题·句型辨析
选择合适的疑问词或序数词填空,并说明理由
—______ do you usually have dinner? —At 6:30 p.m. (A. What time B. When C. How old)
—______ is National Day? —On the first of October. (A. What time B. When)
—______ apples do you want? —Five. (A. How many B. How much)
—______ is the milk? —It’s 5 yuan a box. (A. How many B. How much)
A
A
A
B
语法知识梳理总结(一)
序数词:掌握1-31构成(特殊/规则/复合),核心用于日期表达
日期表达:美式(Month + 序数词)、英式(the + 序数词 + of + Month)
序数词关键:拼写规则、复合变化、缩写形式、the的用法
易错点:five→fifth、nine→ninth、twelve→twelfth的拼写;复合序数词连字符使用
语法知识梳理总结(二)
how old:问年龄,句型How old + be + 主语?回答用数字(+years old)
how many:问可数数量,后接复数名词,回答用数字
how much:问不可数数量/价格,后接不可数名词;问价格可省略名词
教学课件
序数词 + how old/how many/how much
Thank you!
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