U4 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language-（配套练习）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版）

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language 过去分词作表语和状语 　　①Born into a poor family， 15-year-old Nadia had only two years of schooling.At first she was very ②confused with so much new knowledge to learn.But now she treasures the given opportunity to learn.When studying， she always stays ③focused.Once ④determined to finish something on time， she always sets about working immediately.What’s more， she is ⑤determined to help those in trouble. 1.①④中黑体部分是过去分词短语作状语； 2.②③中黑体部分是过去分词（短语）作表语，表示主语所处的状态； 3.⑤中黑体部分是过去分词短语作表语，表示主语的主观心理感受。 ——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语法观 一、 动词-ed形式作表语 【先感悟】 ①In her first P.E.class， Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside. ②With all the information available， it’s not surprising that people can feel confused. ③I was surprised that my parents allowed me to spend money on my own. ④The frightened look on her face suggested that she was frightened by the frightening scene. ⑤His words were discouraging，which made many people discouraged. ⑥The cup was broken by Tom. 【会发现】 1.句①②③④为过去分词作　　　　语， 表示　　　　　　　　　　　　　　； 2.句⑤为现在分词作　　　　语， 表示　　　　　　　　　　　　； 3.句⑥为　　　　语态，表　　　　。 【善归纳】 1.动词-ed形式可放在连系动词be， get， feel， remain， seem， look， become等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态。 2.动词-ed形式作表语时，强调主语所处的状态； 而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。 3.动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式作表语的区别 ①动词-ed形式表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的”，多用来指人、人的声音或表情等； ②动词-ing形式表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”，多用来修饰物。 常用的这类词有： 【运用练】　单句语法填空 ①Hearing the inspiring speech made by Professor Li， we all felt 　　　　　　（inspire） and made up our minds to work harder in our study. ②The situation became so 　　　　　　　　（disappoint） that we should do something to change it. ③I am greatly 　　　　　　（convince） that you will fall in love with paper-cutting， one of the traditional Chinese art forms. ④They think that it is a waste of time and we may get 　　　　　　（injure） in the process. ⑤Talking with others about our pressure can make us feel 　　　　　　（relax）. 二、过去分词作状语 【先感悟】 ①Viewed from the valley floor， these mountains are a splendid sight. （景物描写） →These mountains are a splendid sight when viewed from the valley floor. ②Frozen in a panic， I had no idea what to do. →Because I was frozen in a panic， I had no idea what to do. ③Given another chance， I will do it much better. →If I am given another chance， I will do it much better. ④Though exhausted， we all cheered with great joy. →Though we were exhausted， we all cheered with great joy. ⑤The boy slipped out of the room， followed by his pet dog. →The boy slipped out of the room and was followed by his pet dog. ⑥Lost in those stories， I always find myself less stressed. ⑦Filled with fright， I dragged my exhausted body inching forward. （动作描写） ⑧The boy rushed to the old man’s house， his face covered with sweat. ⑨Looking at the beautiful scenery， they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken. 【会发现】 1.句①②③④⑤⑥⑦为过去分词作　　　　， 和句子主语，即逻辑主语是　　　　关系； 2.句⑥⑦为过去分词作　　　　，描述　　　　　　； 3.句⑧为动词-ed形式的独立结构作　　　　； 4.句⑨中的“Looking ...”为动词-ing形式作　　　　， 和句子主语， 即逻辑主语之间是　　　　关系。 【善归纳】 1.动词-ed形式作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式和结果等，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。 ①相当于时间状语从句，可在动词-ed形式前加上连词when、 while、 until等，使其时间意义更明确。 ②作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句或并列句。 ③相当于条件状语从句，可加连词if、 unless等转换成条件状语从句。 ④相当于让步状语从句，有时可加although、 though、 even if、 even though、 whether ...or等连词转换成让步状语从句。 ⑤作方式、伴随状语，相当于and连接的并列句。 2.动词-ed形式（短语）作状语表状态 值得注意的是，有些动词-ed形式（短语）因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的动词-ed形式（短语）常见的有：lost （迷路）；seated （坐）；hidden （躲）；lost/absorbed in （沉溺于）；dressed in （穿着）；tired of （厌烦）等。 3.动词-ed形式的独立结构作状语 动词-ed形式的独立结构在句中作状语时，通常可表示时间、原因、条件等。 【运用练】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）He looked at me in disbelief， 　　　　　　（ask） me what to do. ②　　　　　　 （attract） by its living and working conditions， people from diverse cultures choose to settle in China. ③　　　　　　　　 （determine） to get a ticket for the concert， he didn’t mind standing in a long queue. ④　　　　　　　　 （surround） by a great many trees， the modern tall building is the newly-built stadium of our school. ⑤沐浴在温暖的圣诞节气氛中，詹姆斯走到杰西卡身边，紧紧拥抱她。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， James walked over to Jessica and hugged her tightly. ⑥由于伤得很严重，他不得不被送往医院。 　　　　　　　　　　， he had to be taken to the hospital. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.　　　　　　 （sob） in relief， I was overwhelmed by waves of guilt. 2.“Dad， sorry， it was such a mess.” Jeff murmured， 　　　　　　（lower） his head in shame. 3.　　　　　　 （found） in 1636， Harvard University is one of the most famous universities in the United States. 4.　　　　　　 （occupy） with teaching， she had no time for social activities. 5.　　　　　　 （encourage） by the teacher’s words， he went on with his research work. 6.　　　　　　 （locate） in the northwest of China， Xi’an is seen as the birthplace of the country’s civilization. Ⅱ.句型转换 1.After they were discussed many times， the problems were settled at last. →　　　　　　　　　　　　， the problems were settled at last. 2.Given more attention， the trees could have grown better. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， they could have grown better. 3.Although she was left alone at home， Jenny didn’t feel afraid at all. →　　　　　　　　　　　　， Jenny didn’t feel afraid at all. 4.Surrounded by his students， the teacher went into the lab. →The teacher 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and he went into the lab. 5.Because they were deeply moved by the story， the children began to cry. →　　　　　　　　　　　　， the children began to cry. 提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 4　Section Ⅱ 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $学科网书城画 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 5.ZxXk.com● 您身边的互联网+款辅专家 Section II Learning About Language 【重难语法·要攻克】 一、会发现1.表主语所处的状态或心理感受 2.表主语的性质和特点3.被动动作 运用练①inspired②disappointing③convinced ④injured⑤relaxed 二、会发现1.状语被动2.状语 主语的状态3.状语 4.状语主动 运用练①asking②Attracted③Determined 4Surrounded 5 Bathed in the warm Christmas atmosphere ⑥Seriously injured 【随堂检测·要过关】 I.1.Sobbing 2.lowering 3.Founded 4.Occupied 5.Encouraged 6.Located II.1.Discussed many times 2.If the trees had been given more attention 3.Left alone at home 4.was surrounded by his students 5.Deeply moved by the story 1/1 ·独家授权侵权必究