2026届高考英语时文阅读（科普）打破偏见适量猪油助力健康 练习

高考英语时文阅读：（科普）打破偏见适量猪油助力健康 时文简讯：湖南农业大学一项突破性研究挑战了人们对猪油的长期负面认知，研究发现每日适量摄入猪油有助于控制体重、减轻慢性炎症。该研究通过小鼠实验揭示了核心分子机制，为饮食脂肪选择提供了新视角，并建议成年人每日烹饪用油控制在25-30克，猪油可占一半，与植物油搭配食用。本材料聚焦健康饮食热点，兼具科学性与实用性，适配高考英语阅读、完形填空等题型命题要求，能有效考查学生对说明性文本的理解、细节捕捉及逻辑分析能力。 第二部分 阅读(共两节) 第一节阅读理解题（词数：240词） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A groundbreaking study by Hunan Agricultural University has challenged long-held negative perceptions of lard, showing that moderate daily intake can help control weight and ease chronic inflammation. Published in the prestigious international journal npj Science of Food, the research provides new insights into choosing dietary fats. Carried out by the university’s "Pig and Human Health" research team, the study used mouse models to simulate a healthy diet where 25% of energy came from fat. By comparing lard with common plant oils like tea seed oil and peanut oil, researchers found that mice fed moderate amounts of lard had 29% less total fat than those given tea seed oil. They also had lower levels of pro-inflammatory molecules such as IL-6. The team discovered a key molecular mechanism: lard intake significantly increases serum levels of taurocholic acid. This important "messenger" speeds up fat breakdown in cells and turns pro-inflammatory immune cells into anti-inflammatory ones. This reduces inflammation in adipose tissue, which is a major factor leading to type 2 diabetes. Researchers offer practical advice for adults: limit daily cooking oil to 25-30 grams, with lard making up half of that amount. They stress the importance of balancing lard with plant oils instead of relying only on one type. Additionally, lard’s balanced fatty acid profile can reduce oil usage by 40% during cooking. This study reshapes dietary guidelines, emphasizing that "moderation and balance" are the keys to healthy fat consumption. 1.What is the main finding of the study by Hunan Agricultural University? A. Lard should be replaced completely by plant oils. B. Moderate lard intake helps control weight and reduce inflammation. C. Lard intake leads to higher levels of pro-inflammatory molecules. D. Plant oils are less healthy than lard in all aspects. 2.How did the researchers conduct the study? A. By testing humans with different dietary habits. B. By comparing lard with plant oils in mouse models. C. By analyzing data from international journals. D. By surveying people’s cooking oil preferences. 3.What is the function of taurocholic acid mentioned in the passage? A. It increases total body fat. B. It slows down fat breakdown. C. It converts pro-inflammatory cells to anti-inflammatory ones. D. It causes chronic inflammation in adipose tissue. 4.What dietary advice do researchers give to adults? A. Use 25-30 grams of lard daily as the only cooking oil. B. Balance lard with plant oils, limiting total cooking oil to 25-30 grams. C. Avoid lard completely to prevent type 2 diabetes. D. Increase oil usage by 40% when cooking with lard. 第二节七选五题（词数：207词） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 For a long time, lard has been viewed negatively as an unhealthy cooking oil. But a new study is changing this perception, offering new ideas about healthy fat consumption. __________ Conducted by Hunan Agricultural University’s research team, the study was published in the famous journal npj Science of Food. The researchers used mouse models to do the experiment. 2. __________ They compared the effects of lard with common plant oils like tea seed oil and peanut oil. The results were surprising. 3. __________ Mice fed moderate lard also had lower levels of pro-inflammatory molecules, which are linked to chronic diseases. The study uncovered a key mechanism. 4. __________ This "messenger" accelerates fat breakdown and turns pro-inflammatory cells into anti-inflammatory ones, reducing tissue inflammation. What practical advice can we get from this study? 5. __________ Adults should limit daily cooking oil to 25-30 grams, with lard accounting for half. It’s important to balance lard with plant oils instead of relying on just one type. A. Lard intake increases serum levels of taurocholic acid. B. Mice on moderate lard had 29% less total fat than those on tea seed oil. C. The study shows that moderate lard intake is beneficial to health. D. Plant oils are always better than animal fats for our health. E. They designed a healthy diet where 25% of energy came from fat. F. How does lard help control weight and reduce inflammation? G. Researchers warn against eating any amount of lard. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节) 第一节完形填空题(词数：249词) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 For years, lard has been regarded as an unhealthy cooking oil, but a groundbreaking study is changing this long-held 1. __________. Conducted by Hunan Agricultural University, the research reveals that moderate daily intake of lard can help 2. ____ weight and alleviate chronic inflammation. The study, published in the prestigious journal npj Science of Food, used mouse models to 3. ______ a healthy diet with 25% of energy from fat. Researchers 4. ____ lard with common plant oils like tea seed oil and peanut oil. They found that mice fed moderate lard had 29% less total fat than those on tea seed oil, and lower levels of pro-inflammatory 5. ____such as IL-6. A key molecular mechanism was 6. __________: lard intake significantly boosts serum levels of taurocholic acid. This crucial "messenger" 7. __________ fat breakdown in cells and converts pro-inflammatory immune cells into anti-inflammatory ones. This helps reduce inflammation in adipose tissue, a major 8. _______ to type 2 diabetes. Researchers 9. ____ adults to limit daily cooking oil to 25-30 grams, with lard 10. ____for half. They emphasize that balancing lard with plant oils is better than relying 11. _______ on one type. Besides, lard’s balanced fatty acid profile can 12. ______ oil usage by 40% in cooking. This study reshapes dietary 13. __________, highlighting that "moderation and balance" are key to healthy fat consumption. It encourages people to 14. ______ their prejudice against lard and make more informed 15. ______ about cooking oils. 1.A. belief B. plan C. habit D. rule 2.A. gain B. control C. lose D. check 3.A. destroy B. change C. simulate D. stop 4.A. mixed B. compared C. connected D. replaced 5.A. foods B. oils C. molecules D. cells 6.A. ignored B. forgotten C. covered D. uncovered 7.A. slows B. accelerates C. stops D. prevents 8.A. contributor B. solution C. cure D. result 9.A. force B. advise C. forbid D. order 10.A. accounting B. asking C. looking D. preparing 11.A. totally B. hardly C. partly D. nearly 12.A. increase B. reduce C. keep D. check 13.A. tests B. reports C. guidelines D. stories 14.A. hold B. express C. break D. show 15.A. choices B. mistakes C. efforts D. changes 第二节语篇填空题(词数：246词) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A groundbreaking study by Hunan Agricultural University has challenged long-held negative perceptions of lard. Published in the prestigious international journal npj Science of Food, the research shows that moderate daily intake can help control weight and alleviate chronic 1. __________ (inflammation). Carried out by the university’s "Pig and Human Health" research team, the study used mouse models to simulate a healthy diet where 25% of energy 2. __________ (come) from fat. By 3. __________ (compare) lard with common plant oils like tea seed oil and peanut oil, researchers found that mice fed moderate lard had 29% less total fat than those on tea seed oil. They also had lower levels of pro-inflammatory molecules such as IL-6. The team uncovered a key molecular mechanism: lard intake significantly 4. __________ (boost) serum levels of taurocholic acid. This crucial "messenger" accelerates fat breakdown in cells and 5. __________ (convert) pro-inflammatory immune cells into anti-inflammatory ones. This reduces inflammation in adipose tissue, a major contributor to type 2 diabetes. Researchers advise adults 6. __________ (limit) daily cooking oil to 25-30 grams, with lard accounting for half. They emphasize balancing lard with plant oils instead of 7. __________ (rely) solely on one type. Lard’s balanced fatty acid profile also 8. __________ (reduce) oil usage by 40% in cooking. This study reshapes dietary guidelines, 9. __________ (highlight) that "moderation and balance" are key to healthy fat consumption. It offers new 10. __________ (insight) into dietary fat choices for people around the world. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高考英语时文阅读（科普类）答案与详解解析 第二部分 阅读 第一节 阅读理解题 答案：1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 详解解析： 1.第1题：主旨细节题 考点：考查对文章核心研究结论的捕捉能力，这是说明文阅读理解的高频考点，要求学生精准定位研究的核心发现。 解析：文章第一段明确指出“Hunan Agricultural University has challenged long-held negative perceptions of lard, showing that moderate daily intake can help control weight and ease chronic inflammation”（湖南农业大学的一项突破性研究挑战了人们对猪油的长期负面认知，研究发现每日适量摄入猪油有助于控制体重、减轻慢性炎症）。 选项分析：A选项“猪油应完全被植物油替代”与原文“猪油可占烹饪油的一半，与植物油搭配”相悖；C选项“摄入猪油会导致促炎分子水平升高”与原文“摄入适量猪油的小鼠促炎分子水平更低”相反；D选项“植物油在各方面都不如猪油健康”过于绝对，原文仅强调两者搭配的重要性，未否定植物油的健康价值；B选项与原文核心结论一致，为正确答案。 2.第2题：研究方法题 考点：考查对说明文实验设计和研究过程的理解，要求学生梳理实验对象、对比变量等关键信息。 解析：根据第二段“the study used mouse models to simulate a healthy diet... By comparing lard with common plant oils like tea seed oil and peanut oil”（该研究使用小鼠模型模拟健康饮食……通过将猪油与茶籽油、花生油等常见植物油进行对比）可知，研究方法是在小鼠模型中对比猪油和植物油的效果。 选项分析：A选项“对不同饮食习惯的人类进行测试”错误，实验对象是小鼠；C选项“分析国际期刊的数据”错误，该研究是发表在国际期刊上，而非分析期刊数据；D选项“调查人们的烹饪油偏好”文中未提及；B选项符合原文描述，为正确答案。 3.第3题：细节理解题 考点：考查对特定科学概念功能的理解，要求学生定位原文中关于“taurocholic acid”的描述并准确提炼其作用。 解析：第三段明确说明“lard intake significantly increases serum levels of taurocholic acid. This important 'messenger' speeds up fat breakdown in cells and turns pro-inflammatory immune cells into anti-inflammatory ones”（摄入猪油会显著提高血清牛磺胆酸水平，这种重要的“信使”会加速细胞内的脂肪分解，并将促炎免疫细胞转化为抗炎免疫细胞）。 选项分析：A选项“增加体内总脂肪”与原文“加速脂肪分解”相悖；B选项“减缓脂肪分解”与“speeds up fat breakdown”相反；D选项“导致脂肪组织慢性炎症”错误，牛磺胆酸是减少炎症；C选项与原文“turns pro-inflammatory immune cells into anti-inflammatory ones”一致，为正确答案。 4.第4题：推理判断题 考点：考查对作者给出的实用建议的理解，要求学生整合原文信息，排除干扰项。 解析：最后一段提到“limit daily cooking oil to 25-30 grams, with lard making up half of that amount. They stress the importance of balancing lard with plant oils instead of relying only on one type”（成年人每日烹饪用油应控制在25-30克，其中猪油占一半，强调猪油与植物油搭配的重要性，而非只依赖一种）。 选项分析：A选项“每日仅使用25-30克猪油作为唯一烹饪油”错误，原文要求总烹饪油25-30克，猪油占一半且需搭配植物油；C选项“完全避免猪油以预防2型糖尿病”错误，原文指出适量猪油可减少脂肪组织炎症，而炎症是2型糖尿病的主要诱因；D选项“用猪油烹饪时增加40%用油量”错误，原文是“减少40%用油量”；B选项符合原文建议，为正确答案。 第二节 七选五题 答案：1.C 2.E 3.B 4.A 5.F 详解解析： 考点：考查语篇逻辑连贯能力，要求学生根据上下文语境判断空白处与前后句的衔接关系，重点关注主题句、实验过程、结果、机制和建议的逻辑递进。 逐题解析： 第一空：前文提到“一项新研究正在改变人们对猪油的负面认知”，后文介绍研究的实施团队和发表期刊。C选项“The study shows that moderate lard intake is beneficial to health”（该研究表明适量摄入猪油对健康有益）承接前文“改变认知”，引出后文对研究的具体说明，符合逻辑。 第二空：前文“使用小鼠模型做实验”，后文“对比猪油与植物油的效果”。E选项“They designed a healthy diet where 25% of energy came from fat”（他们设计了一种25%能量来自脂肪的健康饮食）补充了实验的饮食设计，衔接前后实验步骤，符合语境。 第三空：前文“结果令人惊讶”，后文“摄入适量猪油的小鼠促炎分子水平更低”。B选项“Mice on moderate lard had 29% less total fat than those on tea seed oil”（摄入适量猪油的小鼠总脂肪比摄入茶籽油的小鼠少29%）是实验的具体结果之一，与后文并列，符合“惊讶的结果”的描述。 第四空：前文“揭示了关键机制”，后文“这种‘信使’加速脂肪分解……”。A选项“Lard intake increases serum levels of taurocholic acid”（摄入猪油会提高血清牛磺胆酸水平）引出后文的“信使”（即牛磺胆酸），解释了机制的核心，衔接自然。 第五空：前文“我们能从研究中获得什么实用建议”，后文给出具体的用油量和搭配建议。F选项“How does lard help control weight and reduce inflammation?”（猪油如何帮助控制体重和减轻炎症？）看似是提问，但结合上下文，此处是过渡到建议部分前的总结性提问，实际后文的建议是对该研究价值的落地，且其他选项中只有F能衔接“实用建议”的引出，排除多余选项D（与原文观点相反）、G（与研究结论相悖）后，F为正确答案。 第三部分 语言运用 第一节 完形填空题 答案：1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.A 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.A 详解解析： 考点：考查词汇辨析、固定搭配和语篇语境理解，要求学生结合上下文选择符合逻辑和语法的词汇，重点关注动词、名词、形容词的语义搭配和语篇连贯。 逐题解析： 第一空：前文“猪油一直被视为不健康的烹饪油，但一项突破性研究正在改变这种长期以来的……”。A选项belief（认知、信念）符合“长期负面认知”的语境；plan（计划）、habit（习惯）、rule（规则）均不符合句意，故选A。 第二空：根据原文核心结论“适量摄入猪油有助于控制体重”，B选项control（控制）正确；gain（增加）、lose（失去）、check（检查）均不符合研究结论，故选B。 第三空：实验使用小鼠模型来……25%能量来自脂肪的健康饮食。C选项simulate（模拟）符合实验设计的语境；destroy（破坏）、change（改变）、stop（停止）均与实验目的相悖，故选C。 第四空：后文提到“摄入适量猪油的小鼠比摄入茶籽油的小鼠总脂肪少29%”，可知是将猪油与植物油对比，B选项compared（对比）正确；mixed（混合）、connected（连接）、replaced（替代）均不符合实验逻辑，故选B。 第五空：根据原文“lower levels of pro-inflammatory molecules such as IL-6”（更低水平的促炎分子，如IL-6），C选项molecules（分子）正确；foods（食物）、oils（油）、cells（细胞）均与原文一致，故选C。 第六空：前文“揭示了关键分子机制”，D选项uncovered（发现、揭示）符合语境；ignored（忽视）、forgotten（忘记）、covered（覆盖）均不符合句意，故选D。 第七空：根据原文“这种‘信使’加速细胞内的脂肪分解”，B选项accelerates（加速）正确；slows（减缓）、stops（停止）、prevents（阻止）均与原文相反，故选B。 第八空：脂肪组织炎症是2型糖尿病的主要……A选项contributor（诱因、促成因素）正确；solution（解决方案）、cure（疗法）、result（结果）均不符合逻辑，故选A。 第九空：研究人员……成年人每日烹饪用油控制在25-30克。B选项advise（建议）符合科学家给出实用建议的语境；force（强迫）、forbid（禁止）、order（命令）均语气过重，不符合说明文的客观语气，故选B。 第十空：猪油……一半（占比一半），A选项accounting for（占比）是固定搭配；asking for（请求）、looking for（寻找）、preparing for（准备）均不符合句意，故选A。 第十一空：强调搭配使用，而非……依赖一种。A选项totally（完全）正确；hardly（几乎不）、partly（部分地）、nearly（几乎）均不符合“平衡搭配”的逻辑，故选A。 第十二空：猪油的脂肪酸比例均衡，可……40%的用油量。B选项reduce（减少）符合原文描述；increase（增加）、keep（保持）、check（检查）均不符合，故选B。 第十三空：这项研究重塑了饮食……C选项guidelines（指南）正确；tests（测试）、reports（报告）、stories（故事）均不符合“饮食建议”的语境，故选C。 第十四空：鼓励人们……对猪油的偏见。C选项break（打破）符合“挑战长期负面认知”的主题；hold（持有）、express（表达）、show（展示）均不符合句意，故选C。 第十五空：做出更明智的烹饪油……A选项choices（选择）正确；mistakes（错误）、efforts（努力）、changes（改变）均不符合“选择烹饪油”的语境，故选A。 第二节 语篇填空题 答案：1.inflammation 2.comes 3.comparing 4.boosts 5.converts [6.to](6.to) limit 7.relying 8.reduces 9.highlighting 10.insights 详解解析： 考点：考查语法知识（动词时态、非谓语动词、名词单复数等）和固定搭配，要求学生结合上下文语境和语法规则填空，重点关注谓语动词的时态一致性、非谓语动词的用法。 逐题解析： 第一空：chronic（慢性的）是形容词，后接名词，inflammation（炎症）为不可数名词，故填inflammation。 第二空：此处描述实验的饮食设计，为客观事实，用一般现在时；主语25% of energy为单数概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填comes。 第三空：by是介词，后接动词-ing形式，故填comparing（对比）。 第四空：全文为一般现在时，主语lard intake（摄入猪油）为单数概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填boosts（提高）。 第五空：and连接并列谓语，与accelerates（加速）保持时态一致，用一般现在时第三人称单数形式，故填converts（转化）。 第六空：advise sb. to do sth.（建议某人做某事）是固定搭配，故填to limit（限制）。 第七空：instead of是介词短语，后接动词-ing形式，故填relying（依赖）。 第八空：全文为一般现在时，主语lard’s balanced fatty acid profile（猪油均衡的脂肪酸比例）为单数概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填reduces（减少）。 第九空：此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，主语this study与highlight（强调）是主动关系，用现在分词形式，故填highlighting。 第十空：insight（见解、观点）为可数名词，前面有new修饰，结合语境用复数形式，故填insights。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $