专题 1 名词-【练客中考】2026年安徽新中考英语精讲册（人教版）

第二部分 语法专题剖析 专题一名词 [考查题型：单项填空、完形填空、单词拼写] 思维导图串考点 个体名词：表示单个的人或事物， 如：desk,teacher,.school 可数 集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体， 名词 如：class,family,team 普通 物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物， 名词 如：water,.fire,air 名词的分类 不可数 抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等 名词 抽象概念的词，如：courage,health,love 指特定的人、地方、节日或机构等名称（此类词的 专有名词 首字母必须大写)，如：Gina,China 单数：可与不定冠词a/an连用 可数名词的数 规则变化，如：girl→girls 名词 复数 不规则变化，如：foot-feet 可数名词的修饰语 名词的数 不可数名词的量化 不可数名词的数 不可数名词的修饰语 s所有格：主要用于人、国家等词，如：David's book of所有格：一般用于表示无生命的词，如：the top of the hill 名词所有格 双重所有格：of+'s所有格/名词性物主代词，如：a book of Mary's 核心考点精讲 命题点1名词词义辨析[必考：每年6~8道] 注意：对可数名词的量提问用how many。 1.可数名词单数变复数的规则变化 分析安徽近10年中考真题可知，名词词义 辨析在单项填空和完形填空中考查，且均为语 类别 构成方法 示例 境辨析。针对语境辨析类试题，考生首先要掌 一般情况 加-s star→stars gift→gifts 握各个选项的意思，再根据语境的逻辑关系来 以字母s,x, box->boxes dish→dishes 确定正确答案。 sh,ch等结 加-es 特例：若词尾ch发音为 命题点2名词的数[必考：每年1~3道] 尾的词 /k/,则加-s。 一、可数名词 先变f或 以字母f或 thief thieves knifeknives 可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式，表示 fe为v,再 fe结尾的词 leaf→leaves 单一概念时用单数形式，并用a或an修饰；表示 加-es 两个或两个以上的概念时用复数形式。名词复 以辅音字母 先变y为baby→babies city-→cities 数形式可分为规则变化和不规则变化。 加-y结尾的词 i,再加-es family→families 专题一名词 91 以元音字母 day→days toy→toys (2)量化后的不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词的 加-s 加-y结尾的词 key→keys 数取决于of前面的量词的数。 若表示 tomato→tomatoes 三、可数名词与不可数名词的修饰语 有生命 hero→heroes 类别 修饰语 以字母o结尾的加-e potato→botatoes 只修饰可 another,both,each,either,neither,these, 的词 若表示 数名词的 few,a few,several,many,too many,a cou- photo→ohotos 无生命 修饰语 ple of,a(greal/large)number of,数词（除 Z00→Z00s one之外的基数词) 的加-s 只修饰不 2.可数名词单数变复数的不规则变化 可数名词 little,a little,much,too much,a good 类别及构成方法 示例 的修饰语 great deal of,a bit of,a large amount of oo-ee foot→feet tooth→teeth 既可修饰 改变内部 a-e man>men woman->women 可数名词， some,all,most,a lot of/lots of,plenty 元音字母 其他 又可修饰 mouse→mice of,the rest of,enough,any,half 词尾加-en或-ren child-→children 不可数名词 单复数同形 sheep→sheep 【拓展】既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词的词 单复数 Chinese-→Chinese 名词 可数 不可数 名词 可数 不可数 “某国人” 同形 Japanese→Japanese 小鸡 鸡肉 试卷； 变复数 chicken paper 纸 巧记：中日不 变a Englishman->Englishmen 论文 为e Frenchman->Frenchmen experience 经历 经验 room 房间 空间 变英法变，其 他s加后面 词尾 American→Americans glass 玻璃杯 玻璃 work 作品 工作 加-s German-→Germans orange 橙子 橙汁 time 次；倍 时间 【注意】 命题点3名词所有格[近10年未考] 类别 示例 名词所有格表示所属关系。一般有'$所有 有些名词表面为复 格、of所有格和双重所有格三种形式，具体构成 数形式，其实为单 news,physics,the United States 及用法如下： 数名词 1.s所有格 有些名词往往以复 chopsticks,clothes,glasses, 类别 构成方法 示例 数形式出现 jeans,pants,scissors,socks 以s结尾的加- the students'books 二、不可数名词 有生命的 名词 不以s结尾的 Jim's book 不可数名词表示不能计算数量的事物，其 加-s children's toys 前不加a/an,也不能用数词修饰（如one)。 注意：对不可数名词的量提问用how much。 表示几个 在最后一个名 Tom and Jim's room 不可数名词的量化 人共同拥有 词后加-’s 不可数名词的量可以借助piece,cup,kilo 表示每个 在每个名词后 等单位量词来表示。 Tom's and Jim's rooms 人各自拥有 加-s 类别 构成方法 示例 【拓展】 具体数词/不定冠词(a/an)+量 a piece of paper 表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的 的量 词+of+不可数名词 three cups of tea 事物的名词，也可加“s”。如： five minutes'bus ride China's capital 大概 表示量的限定词（用some, some water a little,a lot of/lots of 2.of所有格 的量 表示)+不可数名词 a lot of money (1)一般表示无生命的名词的所属关系。如： 【拓展】 the sound of running water (1)不可数名词的量化中，量词的数要根据其前 (2)of所有格有时也可以用于表示人或有生 的修饰语来确定。 命的物体的所属关系，特别是当这些所有 92 安徽英语(RJ)精讲册 者有较长的定语时。如： 种形式： the name of the brave young man (1)名词+of+'s所有格。如：a friend of Tom's 3.双重所有格 (2)名词+of+名词性物主代词。如： 在表示所属物的名词前有冠词、数词、不 a friend of mine=one of my friends 定代词或指示代词时，常用双重所有格，有两 综合训练 I.单项填空 so much fun!Over the years,gardening has 1.-Annie,do you think you'll win the tennis match? brought our family closer and created many sweet -Well,I don't care too much about the 8. I'll try my best and have fun. 9 gardening is interesting,it's full of A.time B.rule C.result D.speed challenges.Some mistakes,like overwatering the 2.-I want to learn more about AI.It's everywhere plants,not giving them enough sunlight,or forgetting these days! to take care of the soil,can make me feel sad. -That's true!Having some of it will However,I learn from 10,read books and ask help you understand how it's changing the world. my grandma for help.Day by day,I have done A.experience B.magic well in gardening.Gardening is more than just a C.knowledge D.influence 11 for me.It provides me with fresh food.The 3.-According to the book The Brain Science of tomatoes taste better than those from the 12. Exam,your brain is more active when you are When I'm in the garden,I forget about everything hungry. else.Gardening brings me peace and joy when I -Interesting!So in order to remember things 13 plants,feel the soil,and watch them better,we can study before grow.It also provides me with a real way to protect A.meals B.exams C.sleep D.exercise the environment.We collect rain to save water, 4.-I only got a small role in the school play. see bees visit our flowers,and improve the health -Don't worry!Every role has its own shining of soil.And gardening is like 14 with nature. in this play. I can design my garden and make it a beautiful A.moment B.order C.truth D.message picture.Every time I work in the garden,I feel 5.-I'm going to sell all your old books.They're like an artist！ taking up too much space. )7.A.grandma B.grandpa D.brother -No way！They're You sell them, C.sister and you take my life! )8.A.choices B.dreams D.plans A.treasures B.chances C.memories C.challenges D.decisions )9.A.So B.Because C.Though D.When 6.-Emma,why do you like cooking at home so ( )10.A.difficulties B.problems much? -Well,as for me,the of cooking C.lessons D.mistakes B.hobby doesn't lie in filling the stomach,but in feeling )11.A.goal C.homework D.game the warmth of home. )12.A.school B.field A.symbol B.attention C.farm D.market C.meaning D.reason )13.A.look for Ⅱ.完形填空微语篇 B.give away C.care for D.learn about Hello,I'm Zoe.When I was a kid,my 7 )14.A.dancing B.singing taught me about gardening.We planted carrots, C.painting D.living strawberries,and roses in her backyard,and it was 专题一名词 93第二部分 专题一名词 1.C2.C3.A4.A5.A6.C7.A8.C9.C 10.D11.B12.D13.C14.C 微专题1名词填空一针对单词拼写 1.symbol 2.points 3.bottom 4.safety 5.thoughts 6.history 7.age 8.lanterns 9.trust 10.Salt 11.friends 12.pressure 13.energy 14.secrets 15.height 16.manners 17.messages 18.advice 19.soil 20.knives 21.form 22.corn 23.interests 24.reply 25.novels 26.pleasure 27.floods 28.quality 29.relatives 30.weight 31.breath 32.changes 精 33.nature 34.value 35.support 36.mistakes 37.decision 讲 38.taste 39.chance 40.talent 41.praise 42.pieces 43.stage 44.victory 45.tools 册 专题二动词 第1讲动词和动词短语 1.B2.D3.B4.B5.D6.B7.C8.B9.C 10.C11.A12.B13.A14.A15.A16.D17.B 18.D19.B20.A21.A22.C23.D24.B25.C 26.C27.A28.D29.C30.D31.D32.B33.A 34.A35.D36.A37.B38.C39.C40.A41.C 42.A43.D44.C45.B46.B47.C48.D49.A 第2讲情态动词 1.D2.B3.C4.C5.C6.C7.A8.A9.A 10.A11.B12.B13.A14.D15.C16.D17.C 18.B19.D20.B21.B22.D23.B24.A25.B 26.A27.A28.B29.C30.C 第3讲。动词的时态 1.D2.B3.C4.A5.A6.C7.D8.B9.D 10.D11.C12.B13.D14.C15.B16.C17.A 18.D19.B20.D21.C22.B23.C24.C25.D 26.D27.B28.B29.B 第4讲动词的语态 1.D2.D3.C4.C5.A6.B7.D8.B9.B 10.D11.C12.C13.C14.D15.A16.D17.D 18.A19.C20.C21.D22.D23.C24.D25.D 26.B 第5讲非谓语动词 1.taste 2.trade 3.realize/realise 4.express 5.reviewing 6.practicing practising 7.live 8.raise 9.wasting 10.understand 11.missing 12.training 13.mark 14.change 15.It is important for students to develop/get into form a good habit of getting up early. 16.I prefer to try my best rather than give up easily./I would rather do my best than give up. 17.It's our duty to keep our hometown clean and beautiful. 18.It is a pleasure/pleasant thing to join the English Corner and practice speaking English. 微专题2动词填空一针对单词拼写 1.believe 2.divides 3.connect 4.served 5.catch 6.warn 7.supported 8.laugh 9.accept 10.spread 11.Collect 12.share 13.offers 14.touches 15.seems 16.refused 17.rushed 18.forgot 19.judge 20.considered 21.continue 22.regretted 23.choose 24.treat 25.build 26.improve 27.invite 28.hurt 29.beating 30.discover 31.received 32.provides 33.admire 34.expect 35.prepare 36.adds 37.explain 38.design 39.name 40.influenced 41.nodded 42.stand 43.record 专题三形容词和副词 1.A2.C3.C4.A5.B6.C7.C8.A9.C 6 安徽英语(RJ 吾法专题剂析 10.C11.A12.B13.B14.D15.B16.A17.B 18.D19.C20.B21.A22.C23.D24.B25.A 26.C27.A28.C29.A30.B31.D32.C33.B 34.A35.D36.B37.A38.C39.C40.D41.A 42.C43.B44.A45.D46.D47.B 48.B49.D 50.D51.C 微专题3形容词、副词填空一 针对单词拼写 1.whole 2.honest 3.strong 4.empty 5.spare 6.light 7.magic 8.social 9.proper 10.proud 11.basic 12.simply 13.healthier 14.wisely 15.ahead 16.alone 17.forever 专题四代词 1.C2.B3.A4.A5.B6.B7.B8.A9.B 10.C11.A12.A13.B14.B15.C16.B17.A 18.A19.B20.B21.B22.B23.A24.A25.A 26.C27.D28.A29.A30.C31.C32.A33.C 34.D35.C36.D37.A38.D39.B40.B41.A 42.D 专题五数词 1.D2.A3.D4.C5.D6.A7.B8.C9.C 10.millions of 11.four hundred 12.her eighties 13.a/one thousand 14.thousands of 专题六介词 1.C2.A3.B4.A5.A6.D7.A8.B9.C 10.A11.D12.A13.B14.A15.A16.C17.B 18.D19.C20.C21.B22.C23.B24.D25.B 26.A27.C28.A29.A30.B31.B32.A33.C 34.C35.B36.A37.C38.B39.D 专题七冠词 1.a 2.The 3.the 4.an 5.the 6.a 7.the 专题八连词 1.B2.A3.B4.B5.A6.D7.A8.B9.B 10.A11.C12.A13.B14.A15.C16.A17.B 18.D19.B20.B21.C22.A23.B24.D25.D 26.A27.D28.B29.D30.A31.B32.C33.B 34.B35.A36.A37.C38.A39.A40.B41.D 42.C43.A 专题九句子的种类和简单句 1.A2.D3.C4.A5.C6.B7.C8.C9.A 10.A11.A12.C13.D14.A15.C16.D17.B 18.A19.A20.B21.B22.D23.B 专题十主从复合句 1.B2.A3.C4.D5.D6.B7.A8.D9.D 10.B11.D12.B13.B14.C15.B16.D17.B 18.C19.A20.C 21.The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams. 22.Helping others is the most meaningful thing that we should learn in our youth. 23.China is a country which/that has a long history and col- orful culture. 24.You should do all that helps you become better. 专题十一构词法 1.return 2.lucky 3.careful 4.tourists 5.creative 6.safety 7.water 8.light 9.impossible 10.review 11.windy 12.slowly 13.translate 14.national 15.building 16.winners 17.valuable 18.exciting 19.truly 参考答案