内容正文:
第01讲 Unit 1 Past and present(寒假预习讲义)
内容导航——预习三步曲
第一步:学
析教材 学知识:教材精讲精析、全方位预习
练习题 讲典例:教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法
练考点 强知识:核心考点精准练
第二步:记
串知识 识框架:思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握
第三步:测
过关测 稳提升:小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升
1.Development is the key to success.发展是成功的关键。
【解析】
(1)Development名词(n.) 含义:①发展;②发育;③开发 ,动词原形:develop
例句:
① The development of smart phones has changed our daily life.(智能手机的发展改变了我们的日常生活。)
② The doctor is talking about the development of the baby.(医生正在讲解婴儿的发育情况。)
③ The development of this area will start next year.(这片区域的开发将于明年启动。)
【常用搭配】economic development 经济发展
the development of science and technology 科技发展
(2)key ① 做名词:关键;钥匙;答案
② 做形容词:关键的;重要的
例句:
① This is the key to the door of the classroom.(这是教室门的钥匙。)
② Confidence is the key to victory.(自信是胜利的关键。)
③ She played a key role in this project.(她在这个项目中扮演了关键角色。)
【常用搭配】the key to sth./doing sth. …… 的关键
a key problem 一个关键问题
(3)success 名词 ①成功;②成功的人或事物 ,派生词:形容词:successful(成功的)
动词:succeed(成功)
例句:
① His hard work led to success at last.(他的努力最终带来了成功。)
② The new film was a great success.(这部新电影非常成功。)
【常用搭配】achieve success 取得成功
a sense of success 成就感
succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事
2. Great changes have taken place in China over the years. 这些年来,中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。
【解析】 take place(强调有计划、有安排地发生,无被动语态)
Great changes have taken place in China over the years.(这些年来,中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。)
The sports meeting will take place next Friday.(运动会将于下周五举行。)
近义词辨析:take place vs happen
take place:多指事先安排好的事情发生
例:The concert took place as planned.(音乐会按计划举行了。)
happen:多指偶然、意外发生的事情
例:An accident happened on the road yesterday.(昨天路上发生了一起事故。)
【常用搭配】take place in sp. 在某地发生 / 举行
例:The story took place in a small village.(这个故事发生在一个小村庄里。)
take place at sp. 在某地点发生 / 举行
例:The meeting will take place at the school hall.(会议将在学校礼堂举行。)
3. I used to go to school by bike. 我过去常常骑自行车去上学。
【解析】 used to do sth(过去常常做某事(现在已经不做了))
Did you use to go to school by bike?(你过去常常骑自行车去上学吗?)
used to do sth. 含义:过去常常做某事(现在已经不做了)
例句:She used to play the piano.
be used to doing sth.含义:习惯于做某事
例句:He is used to getting up early.
be used to do sth.含义:被用来做某事(被动语态用法)
例句:Wood is used to make paper.
4. I like going to school by bus. 我喜欢乘公交车去上学。
【解析】by bus 交通方式表达
结构:by + 交通工具单数名词(中间不加冠词)
同类搭配:
by bike 骑自行车
by car 乘小汽车
by train 乘火车
同义表达:take a bus to school
例:I like taking a bus to school.
5. A pioneer in China’s reform and opening-up, Shenzhen has attracted people from across the world. 作为中国改革开放的先行者,深圳吸引了来自世界各地的人们。
【解析】(1)pioneer名词(n.)先驱者;开拓者;带头人
【常用搭配】a pioneer in sth. 某领域的先行者 / 先驱
例句:He is a pioneer in the field of artificial intelligence.(他是人工智能领域的先驱。)
(2)reform and opening-up改革开放(专有名词,固定表达)
注意:opening-up 中间需加连字符,为名词性质
例句:Reform and opening-up has greatly promoted China's development.(改革开放极大地推动了中国的发展。)
(3)attract动词(v.)吸引;引起…… 的兴趣
派生词:attraction(名词,吸引力;景点);attractive(形容词,有吸引力的)
【常用搭配】attract sb. from sp. 吸引来自某地的人
例句:The beautiful scenery attracts many tourists every year.(美丽的风景每年吸引众多游客。)
6. Today, it is leading the move from “Made in China” to “Created in China”. 如今,它正引领着从 “中国制造” 向 “中国创造” 的转型。
【解析】(1)lead动词(v.)引领;带领;主导
【常用搭配】lead sth. 引领某事;lead sb. to sp. 带领某人去某地;lead to 导致
例句:She leads the team to finish the task successfully.(她带领团队成功完成了任务。)
派生词:leader(名词,领导者);leading(形容词,领先的)
(2)move名词(n.)转变;变革;行动
例句:This is an important move towards peace.(这是迈向和平的重要一步。)
拓展词性:动词(v.),表示 “移动;搬家”
例:They move to a new house.(他们搬到了新家。)
(3)Made in China / Created in China
结构:过去分词 + in + 地点,表 “某地制造 / 创造”
同类表达:Designed in China(中国设计);Produced in China(中国生产)
区别:
Made in China:侧重产品的生产制造环节
Created in China:侧重产品的创新研发环节
7. Shenzhen is also active in its drive to become a cultural centre. 深圳也在积极推动自身建设成为一座文化中心城市。
【解析】drive此处为名词(n.)推动;运动;努力
例句:This is a new drive to improve public health.(这是一项改善公众健康的新举措。)
拓展词性:动词(v.),表示 “驾驶;驱使”
例:He drives a car to work every day.(他每天开车上班。)
8. It offers a wealth of cultural facilities ... 它(深圳)拥有种类繁多的文化设施……
【解析】a wealth of大量的;丰富的(后接可数名词复数或不可数名词)
同义短语:a lot of /plenty of /a great deal of
例句:
The old man has a wealth of experience in teaching.(这位老人有着丰富的教学经验。)
This area has a wealth of natural resources.(这片区域有丰富的自然资源。)
9. Moreover, the city has won an honour from UNESCO for being a role model in encouraging reading among the public. 此外,这座城市还因在推动全民阅读方面发挥了典范作用,荣获了联合国教科文组织的一项荣誉称号。
【解析】honour名词(n.)(美式拼写为 honor)荣誉;光荣;荣誉称号
【常用搭配】win an honour 赢得荣誉
in honour of 为纪念;为致敬
例句:She won an honour for her contribution to education.(她因在教育领域的贡献获得了一项荣誉。)
10. The city’s pioneering spirit, together with the hard work and creativity of its citizens, is certainly the key
to its success. 这座城市的开拓进取精神,再加上市民们的勤奋与创造力,无疑是它成功的关键所在。
【解析】together with和;连同;此外
用法:连接两个并列成分,谓语动词的单复数由前面的成分决定(就远原则)
例句:The teacher, together with her students, is planting trees on the hill.(老师和她的学生们正在山上种树。)
同义短语:as well as;along with
11. What efforts has Shenzhen made to become a cultural centre? 深圳为建设成为文化中心付出了哪些努力?
【解析】effort名词(n.)努力;尽力;尝试
【常用搭配】make efforts to do sth. 努力做某事(也可用 make an effort/make every effort)
spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做某事
例句:
She made great efforts to pass the final exam.(她付出巨大努力来通过期末考试。)
12. In the past, most families made a living by fishing. 在过去,大多数家庭靠捕鱼为生。
【解析】make a living谋生;维持生计
常见搭配:make a living by doing sth. 靠做某事谋生
同义短语:earn one’s living
例句:He makes a living by painting portraits.(他靠画肖像画谋生。)
13. He said there are a lot more jobs now in Shenzhen, and the living conditions are much better. 他说,现在深圳的就业岗位多了很多,而且生活条件也改善了不少。
【解析】living conditions生活条件
拆解搭配:
living(形容词):生活的;生计的
conditions(名词复数):条件(常用复数形式表 “生活 / 工作环境”)
例句:The government is trying to improve people’s living conditions.(政府正努力改善人们的生活条件。)
【辨析】condition, situation, state 词义辨析
这三个词都可表示 “状态、情形”,但侧重点和搭配不同,结合初中英语考点整理如下:
1. condition
核心含义:侧重具体的条件、状况,可指人 / 物的状态、环境条件,常用复数形式表 “生活 / 工作条件”。
常见搭配
living conditions 生活条件
working conditions 工作条件
in good/bad condition 状况良好 / 糟糕
on condition that... 以…… 为条件
例句
① The living conditions in this city have improved a lot.(这座城市的生活条件改善了很多。)
② My old bike is still in good condition.(我的旧自行车状况依然很好。)
2. situation
核心含义:侧重整体的形势、局面,多指社会、经济、突发情况等宏观场景。
常见搭配
current situation 当前形势
difficult situation 困境
improve the situation 改善局面
in a dangerous situation 处于危险境地
例句
① We need to discuss how to deal with the present situation.(我们需要讨论如何应对当前形势。)
② He helped the girl out of a difficult situation.(他帮这个女孩摆脱了困境。)
3. state
核心含义:侧重人 / 物的内在状态、精神状态,强调相对稳定的情况。
常见搭配
state of mind 精神状态
state of health 健康状况
in a state of... 处于…… 的状态
例句
① She was in a poor state of health after the illness.(生病后她的健康状况很差。)
② His state of mind affects his study.(他的精神状态影响了学习。)
14. You could say I have fallen in love with Shenzhen—it feels like home. 可以说,我已经爱上深圳了 —— 这里给我的感觉就像家一样。
【解析】fall in love with爱上;喜欢上(强调动作的过程和结果)
【常见搭配】fall in love with sb./sth. 爱上某人 / 某物
例句:She fell in love with this quiet town at first sight.(她第一眼就爱上了这座宁静的小镇。)
【拓展】be in love with 强调 “处于恋爱 / 喜爱的状态”
例:They have been in love with each other for three years.(他们已经相爱三年了。)
15. There was often rubbish lying in the streets. 过去街上常常散落着垃圾。
【解析】lying现在分词(v.-ing)
原形:lie(表示 “躺;平放;处于某种状态”)
用法:此处作后置定语,修饰 rubbish,表主动和状态,说明 “垃圾处于散落的状态”
【拓展】lie 的不规则变化 原形:lie(躺)→ 过去式:lay → 过去分词:lain → 现在分词:lying
【句子结构】本句是 there be 句型,时态为一般过去时
句型结构:There was + 主语 + 现在分词短语作定语 + 地点状语
There was:因主语 rubbish 是不可数名词,故用 was
主语:rubbish
后置定语:lying in the streets(现在分词短语,修饰 rubbish,说明垃圾的状态)
注意:there be 句型的核心是表达 “某地有某物”,现在分词短语在此处不充当谓语,谓语是 was
16. When I was your age, I often went there to play football at the weekend. 我像你这么大的时候,周末经常去那里踢足球。
【解析】when I was your age我像你这么大的时候
用法:时间状语从句,用来引出过去的某个时间背景,age 在此处指 “年龄段”
例句:When I was your age, I walked to school every day.(我像你这么大的时候,每天走路去上学。)
17. Now it is common to take a bus, a taxi or the underground. 如今,乘坐公交车、出租车或地铁已经是很常见的出行方式了。
【解析】common形容词(adj.)常见的;普遍的;寻常的
【常见搭配】
It is common (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事很常见
be common in sp. 在某地很常见
例句:It is common to see people jogging in the park in the morning.(早上在公园里看到人们慢跑是很常见的。)
【反义词】uncommon(罕见的)
短文填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the past few years, great changes have taken place around me. The roads 1 (use) to be dirty and crowded. People lived 2 old and small houses. The air wasn’t fresh enough. Sometimes, terrible smells filled the area. People had badly polluted the river and thrown rubbish into it.
Nowadays, wide and clean roads make traveling easy for everyone. We can choose 3 (difference) kinds of transportation to go anywhere. The city has 4 (build) lots of tall buildings. So far, most of 5 (we) have moved into big and modern houses. The river has become much 6 (clean) than before, with clear water flowing through it. The blue sky and white clouds create 7 beautiful scene, and birds sing 8 (happy) . The environment in my hometown has improved greatly, 9 we still need to work together to keep it this way.
Thanks to the government’s efforts, our living conditions have improved a lot recently. I’m sure as time goes by, our 10 (life) will become better and better.
【答案】
1.used 2.in 3.different 4.built 5.us 6.cleaner 7.a 8.happily 9.but 10.lives
【审题方法】短文填空主要考查词汇变形、固定搭配、语法规则和上下文逻辑,审题可按以下步骤进行:
一、通读全文,把握主旨
先跳过空格读完整篇短文,了解文章的时间背景(本文是过去和现在的对比)、主要内容(家乡环境和生活的变化),判断整体的时态基调(一般过去时、现在完成时、一般现在时)。
二、解析空格,确定考点类型
看括号内的提示词:
若提示词是动词 → 考虑时态(如第 4 题 build → built,现在完成时)、语态或非谓语动词;
若提示词是名词 → 考虑单复数(如第 10 题 life → lives)或词性转换;
若提示词是形容词 / 副词 → 考虑比较级、最高级(如第 6 题 clean → cleaner)或词性转换(如第 8 题 happy → happily);
若提示词是人称代词 → 考虑主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词(如第 5 题 we → us)。
若空格无提示词 → 优先考虑介词、冠词、连词:
介词:常考固定搭配(如第 2 题 live in);
冠词:泛指用 a/an,特指用 the(如第 7 题 a beautiful scene);
连词:根据上下文逻辑判断(转折、因果、并列等,如第 9 题 but 表转折)。
三、结合固定搭配,排除干扰
初中短文填空常考固定短语,看到空格前后的单词要联想相关搭配,如第 1 题 后面的 to be 提示用 used to 结构。
四、复读检查,验证答案
填完所有空后,再通读一遍全文,检查:
语法是否正确(时态、单复数、词性是否匹配);
逻辑是否通顺(连词是否符合上下文关系);
单词拼写是否正确(尤其是不规则变形,如 built、lives)。
【解析】本文讲述了作者家乡过去几年在道路、居住环境、河流等方面发生的变化,以及对未来生活的展望。
1.句意:道路过去又脏又拥挤。“used to do sth.”是固定短语,意为“过去常常做某事”,此处表示道路过去的状态,所以用“used”,故填used。
2.句意:人们住在又旧又小的房子里。“live in + 地点”是固定表达,意为“住在……”,这里指住在房子里,所以用“in”,故填in。
3.句意:我们可以选择不同种类的交通方式去任何地方。kinds是名词,前面要用形容词修饰,difference的形容词形式是different“不同的”,故填different。
4.句意:这座城市已经建了很多高楼。“has+过去分词”构成现在完成时,build的过去分词是built,故填built。
5.句意:到目前为止,我们大多数人已经搬进了又大又现代的房子。of是介词,后面接人称代词宾格,故填us。
6.句意:这条河比以前干净多了,有清澈的水流过。空后是than,空处应是比较级形式,故填cleaner。
7.句意:蓝天和白云构成了一幅美丽的景色,鸟儿欢快地歌唱。scene是单数,且beautiful以辅音音素开头,这里表示“一幅美丽的景色” ,要用不定冠词“a”,故填a。
8.句意:蓝天和白云构成了一幅美丽的景色,鸟儿欢快地歌唱。sing是动词,要用副词修饰,happy的副词形式是happily,故填happily。
9.句意:我家乡的环境有了很大改善,但我们仍然需要共同努力来保持这种状态。前面说环境改善,后面说仍需努力,是转折关系,but符合语境。故填but。
10.句意:我相信随着时间的推移,我们的生活将会变得越来越好。our后面接名词复数,life“生活”的复数形式是lives,故填lives。
考点1 现在完成时
1.—Look! Someone ________ the classroom. It’s so clean!
—Really? Let’s find out who it was.
A.cleans B.cleaned C.has cleaned D.had cleaned
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——看!有人已经打扫了教室。它太干净了!——真的吗?让我们找出是谁做的。
考查时态辨析。根据“It’s so clean!”可知,打扫动作发生在过去但对现在有直接影响,强调结果,应使用现在完成时。现在完成时的结构为“have/has+done”,主语“Someone”为第三人称单数,所以助动词用has。故选C。
2.—Will you go to the Science Museum with us?
—No, thanks. I ________ it twice.
A.visit B.will visit C.visited D.have visited
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你要和我们一起去科学博物馆吗? ——不,谢谢。我已经去过两次了。
考查时态辨析。visit参观;will visit将参观;visited参观过;have visited已经参观过。根据“twice”可知,此处表示已经去过两次,应用现在完成时。故选D。
考点2 development
With the ______ of science and technology, people’s lives are becoming more convenient.
A. develop B. development C. developing D. developed
【答案】B
【解析】句意:随着科技的发展,人们的生活正变得越来越便利。
定冠词 the 后接名词,develop 的名词形式是 development;the development of 意为 “…… 的发展”。
考点3 success/succeed
1.If you study hard,you will achieve in your exams.( )
A.successfully B.succeed
C.success D.successful
【答案】C
【解析】如果你努力学习,你将在考试中取得成功。
A.成功地,是副词;B.成功,是动词;C.成功,是名词;D.成功的,是形容词。根据If you study hard(如果你努力学习)可知,此处是你将在考试中取得成功。
故选:C。
2.Did you___________ in booking the tickets?( )
A. succeed B. success
C. successful D. successfully
【答案】A
【解析】你订票成功了吗?
succeed成功,动词,常用于短语succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事;success成功,名词;successful成功的,形容词;successfully成功地,副词。
故选:A。
考点4 key
—Grandpa,you look so well. What do you think is the ________ to keeping healthy?
—Keeping a good mood (心情).( )
A.key B.answer C.unit D.call
【答案】A
【解析】—爷爷,您看起来气色真好。您认为保持健康的关键是什么?
—保持好心情。
key关键;answer答案;unit单位,单元;call电话。根据"to keeping healthy"以及"Keeping a good mood (心情)."可知,此处问的应是保持健康的关键,the key to sth./doing sth.表示"做某事的关键",符合语境。
故选:A。
考点5 take place
The winter school sports meeting will ________ next Friday.Let's go and join in it.( )
A. take off B. take away
C. take place
【答案】C
【解析】冬季学校运动会将于下周五举行。我们去参加吧。
take off 脱下、起飞;take away带走;take place发生、举行。根据"The winter school sports meet will…next Friday."(冬季学校运动会将于下周五……。)的语境可知,此处介绍冬季学校运动会的举行时间,take place符合。
故选:C。
考点6 used to do/be used to do/ be used to doing
1.Computers can ________ a lot of things( )
A. used to do B. be used to do
C. used to doing D. be used to doing
【答案】B
【解析】电脑可以被用来做很多事情。
used to do过去常常做某事;be used to do被用来做某事;used to doing表述错误,正确形式为be used to doing,意为"习惯于做某事";be used to doing习惯于做某事,主语是人,后接动名词。本句主语"Computers"(电脑)是物,表示"被用来做很多事情",需用被动语态的"be used to do"表用途。
故选:B。
2.My father used to ______ me to do everything with confidence and I will be full of ______ to face difficulties in my future life.( )
A.encouraged;courage
B.encouraged;encourage
C.encourage;courage
D.encourage;encourage
【答案】C
【解析】我父亲过去常常鼓励我充满信心地去做每件事,我也会充满勇气去面对未来生活中的困难。
used to do sth.过去常常做某事;be full of充满,后接名词作宾语。encourage鼓励,动词,encouraged为动词过去式;courage勇气,名词。根据题干和选项,选项C符合。
故选:C。
3.Most people pay in cash(现金),but now they are used to that mainly through WeChat and Alipay.( )
A.used to;do B.used to;doing
C.were used to;do D.were used to;doing
【答案】B
【解析】大多数人过去常常用现金支付,但现在他们习惯主要通过微信和支付宝来支付。
used to do sth.表示"过去常常做某事";be used to doing sth.表示"习惯于做某事"。根据句意可知,第一空表示"过去常常",排除CD;第二空表示"习惯于",排除C。
故选:B。
考点7 attract
To______ the customers better,the restaurant provides free drinks during weekends.( )
A.help B.attract C. control D.manage
【答案】B
【解析】为了吸引更多的顾客,餐厅在周末提供免费饮料。
A.帮助;B.吸引;C.控制;D.管理。根据the restaurant provides free drinks during weekends.(餐厅在周末提供免费饮料。)可知,此处是为了吸引更多的顾客。
故选:B。
考点8 together with
Tom,together with his two friends, to Beijing for a holiday this summer.( )
A.are going B.was going
C.were going D.is going
【答案】D
【解析】汤姆和他的两个朋友今年夏天要去北京度假。
are going to打算,是一般将来时,主语是第二人称代词或复数名词;was going to过去打算,是过去将来时,主语是单数名词;were going to过去打算,是过去将来时,主语是第二人称代词或复数名词;is going to打算,是一般将来时,主语是单数名词。当主语后跟有together with、as well as等引导的短语时,谓语动词的数应与前面的主语保持一致。本句主语是Tom(单数),因此谓语动词应用单数形式。根据时间状语this summer(今年夏天)可知,动作发生在将来,可用现在进行时表示将来计划,因此用is going。
故选:D。
考点9 make a living by doing sth.
Each of us is amazing. For example,my cousin can make a living writing.( )
A.with B.of C.over D.by
【答案】D
【解析】我们每个人都很了不起。例如,我的表弟可以通过写作谋生。
with和;of……的;over在……上面;by通过。根据"make a living...writing"(以写作谋生)可知,是通过写作谋生,表示方式用介词by。
故选:D。
考点10 effort
— A world of beauty was created on "Maker Fair".
— I am glad you like it. Both students and teachers put much ________ into it.( )
A.effort B.balance C.courage D.challenge
【答案】A
【解析】— 在"创客集市"上,一个充满美的世界被创造了出来。
— 我很高兴你喜欢它。师生们都为此付出了很多努力。
effort努力;balance平衡;courage勇气;challenge挑战。put much effort into sth.固定短语,意思是"在某事上付出很多努力"。
故选:A。
考点11 pioneer
Many people in China think of Yang Liwei as a(n) in space exploration. He is the hero in their mind.( )
A.pioneer B.engineer C.volunteer
【答案】A
【解析】中国的许多人认为杨利伟是太空探索的先驱,他是他们心中的英雄。
pioneer先驱,先锋;engineer工程师;volunteer志愿者,都是名词。根据后句句意"他是他们心中的英雄"和选项提示及常识可知,前句句意为"中国的许多人认为杨利伟是太空探索的先驱",要选"先驱,先锋",其它选项语意不通。
故选:A。
考点12 lying
I just can't imagine ________ on the beach without applying sun block lotion.( )
A.lie B.to lie C.lying D.lay
【答案】C
【解析】我简直无法想象不涂防晒霜就躺在沙滩上的情景。
lie躺,动词原形;lie躺,动词不定式;lie躺,动名词;lay躺,lie的过去式或lay放置,动词原形。根据"I just can't imagine ...on the beach"可知,imagine doing sth.想象做某事,所以填动名词。
故选:C。
考点13 common
Mountain bikes were not very popular in my hometown many years ago,but now they're very ________.We can see them everywhere.( )
A. useful B. expensive C. common D. strange
【答案】C
【解析】很多年前,山地车在我的家乡不是很流行,但现在它们非常普遍。我们到处都能看到它们。
A.有用的;B.昂贵的;C.普遍的;D.奇怪的;根据后文"We can see them everywhere"可知,现在山地自行车很普遍。
故选:C。
知识导图记忆
重点单词
18 / 18
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
名词
1.underground(地铁)
2.speed(速度)
3.high-speed train(高速列车)
4.innovation(创新)
5.pioneer(先锋,先驱)
6.reform(改革)
7.technology(技术)
8.industry(行业;工业)
9.giant(大公司;巨人)
10.move(改变,转变)
11.wealth(大量,丰富;财富)
12.award(奖,奖项)
13.public(民众)
14.citizen(居民,市民;公民)
15.greenway(林荫道)
16.planner(设计者,规划者)
17.development(发展,成长)
18.creativity(创造力)
19.key(关键;键,琴键)
20.transport(交通运输系统)
21.reporter(记者)
22.line((交通)路线;线(条);行列)
23.row(一排,一列,一行)
24.villager(村民)
25.guest(旅客,房客;客人)
26.guest house(小旅馆)
27.tourism(旅游业,观光业)
28.theme(主题)
29.theme park(主题乐园)
30.opinion(看法,想法)
动词
1.lead(引领;领导)
2.step(迈步,踩,踏,行走)
3.fall in love with(爱上…)
形容词
1.crowded(拥挤的)
2.convenient(方便的)
3.southern(南部的,南方的)
4.high-tech(高技术的,高科技的)
5.very(最… 的,十足的)
6.excellent(优秀的,杰出的,极好的)
7.educational(教育的,有关教育的)
8.public(公共的;公众的)
9.electric(电动的)
10.pioneering(开拓性的)
11.key(关键的)
12.world-famous(举世闻名的)
13.wide(宽的,宽阔的)
14.muddy(泥泞的)
15.recent(近来的,新近的)
16.hopeful(抱有希望,满怀希望)
17.common(普遍的;共同的)
副词
1.certainly(无疑,肯定)
2.recently(最近)
3.already(已经,早已)
4.yet(尚(未),还)
3.against 反对; 与.....相反; 紧靠
重点单词变形
1. develop (v. 发展;培养)→ development (n. 发展,成长)→ developing (adj. 发展中的)→ developed (adj. 发达的)
2. create (v. 创造)→ creativity (n. 创造力)→ creative (adj. 有创造力的)
3. certain (adj. 确定的)→ certainly (adv. 无疑,肯定)
4. convenient (adj. 方便的)→ convenience (n. 便利,方便)
5. educational (adj. 教育的)→ education (n. 教育)→ educate (v. 教育)
6. excellent (adj. 优秀的)→ excellence (n. 优秀,卓越)
7. wide (adj. 宽的)→ widely (adv. 广泛地)→ widen (v. 使变宽)
8. recent (adj. 近来的)→ recently (adv. 最近)
9. hope (v./n. 希望)→ hopeful (adj. 抱有希望的)→ hopeless (adj. 无望的)
10. use (v./n. 使用)→ used (adj. 用过的;习惯于)→ useful (adj. 有用的)→ useless (adj. 无用的)
重点短语
1. take the underground 乘地铁
2. by underground 坐地铁
3. at high speed 高速地
4. with speed 迅速地
5. speed up 加速
6. used to do sth 过去常常做某事
7. be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
8. be used to do sth 被用来做某事
9. a crowded place 一个拥挤的地方
10. be crowded with 挤满……
11. it is convenient to do sth 做某事很方便
12. for convenience 为了方便起见
13. technological innovation 技术创新
14. make an innovation in sth 在某方面创新
15. a pioneer in sth 某领域的先驱
16. pioneer in doing sth 开拓做某事的领域
17. reform and opening up 改革开放
18. carry out a reform 进行改革
19. at the heart of sth 在……的核心
20. high technology 高科技
21. information technology 信息技术
22. high-tech industry 高科技产业
23. heavy industry 重工业
24. lead the way 引路;带头
25. lead to 导致;通向
26. lead sb to do sth 引导某人做某事
27. a wealth of 大量的;丰富的
28. wealth of experience 丰富的经验
29. excellent at sth 擅长某事
30. an excellent chance 极好的机会
31. win an award 获奖
32. give an award to sb 给某人颁奖
33. the public 公众
34. in public 公开地
35. ordinary citizens 普通市民
36. citizen rights 公民权利
37. electric cars 电动汽车
38. electric power 电力
39. make a plan 制定计划
40. plan to do sth 计划做某事
41. since then 从那以后
42. ever since 自从
43. the development of sth 某物的发展
44. economic development 经济发展
45. develop creativity 培养创造力
46. artistic creativity 艺术创造力
47. certainly not 当然不
48. certainly yes 当然是
49. the key to sth ……的关键
50. a key factor 关键因素
51. make a living by doing sth 靠做某事谋生
52. a world-famous star 世界著名的明星
53. public transport 公共交通
54. transport goods 运输货物
55. in recent years 近年来
56. recent research 近期研究
57. not yet 还没有
58. yet again 再一次
59. a news reporter 新闻记者
60. interview a reporter 采访记者
61. fall in love with sb/sth 爱上某人/某物
62. take steps to do sth 采取措施做某事
63. a step forward 向前一步
64. wide eyes 睁大的眼睛
65. be wide open 大开着
66. in a row 连续地;成一排
67. row a boat 划船
68. local villagers 当地村民
69. be hopeful about sth 对某事抱有希望
70. a hopeful future 充满希望的未来
71. a guest speaker 特邀演讲者
72. welcome guests 欢迎客人
73. tourism industry 旅游业
74. ecotourism 生态旅游
75. a theme park 主题公园
76. the main theme 主题思想
77. in one’s opinion 在某人看来
78. express an opinion 表达观点
79. common sense 常识
80. have sth in common 有共同之处
一、单项选择
1.—We can always find something good in a bad ________ if we look for it.
—It’s true. Let’s make full use of what comes.
A.situation B.direction C.instruction D.competition
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我们总能在糟糕的情况中找到好的东西,如果我们去寻找的话。 ——这是真的。让我们充分利用到来的一切。
考查名词辨析。 situation情况;direction方向;instruction说明;competition比赛。根据“We can always find something good in a bad”可知,在不好的情况下寻找好的东西,situation符合句意,故选A。
2.—Have you seen the latest film ______?
—Yes. I have ______ seen it with my friends.
A.just; already B.yet; already C.yet; yet D.already; just
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你看过最新的电影了吗?——是的。我已经和朋友们一起看过了。
考查副词辨析。just刚刚;yet还,常用于疑问句或否定句;already已经,常用于现在完成时;already和just一般用于肯定句。根据“Have you seen...?”是疑问句可知,应用yet;结合回答“I have...seen it with my friends.”可知句子是现在完成时,应用already。故选B。
3.Dad used to ________ TV after dinner, but now he is used to ________ a walk outside.
A.watch, taking B.watching, taking C.watching, take D.watch, take
【答案】A
【详解】句意:爸爸过去常在晚饭后看电视,但现在他习惯于出去散步。
考查动词短语。used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”,后接动词原形;be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”,后接动名词。故第一空应填动词原形watch,第二空应填动名词taking。A项正确。故选A。
4.—It’s a long time ________ I met you last year. How is everything?
—Not bad, except that I am always missing you.
A.when B.while C.before D.since
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——自从我去年见到你已经有很长时间了。一切都好吗?——还不错,除了一直想你。
考查连词辨析。when当……时;while当……时;before在……前;since自从。根据“It’s a long time…I met you last year.”可知,此处考查句型:It’s +时间段+since+句子,表示“自从……以来已经多久了”。故选D。
5.I’m afraid I can’t go camping with you, but thanks for the invitation, ________.
A.anyway B.moreover C.however D.otherwise
【答案】A
【详解】句意:恐怕我不能和你去露营了,但不管怎样,还是谢谢你的邀请。
考查副词辨析。anyway不管怎样;无论如何;moreover而且;此外,表递进;however然而,常表转折;otherwise否则;不然。这里用anyway体现即便不能去,依旧感谢。故选A。
6.—The changes are good for people.
—________. I like the new park, but I think people can’t meet as often as before.
A.Exactly B.Yes, I agree with you
C.No, you’re wrong D.In some ways
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——这些变化对人们有好处。——在某些方面,我喜欢这个新公园,但我认为人们不能像以前那样经常见面了。
考查情景交际。Exactly确实;Yes, I agree with you是的,我同意你的看法;No, you’re wrong不,你错了;In some ways在某些方面。根据“but I think people can’t meet as often as before”可知强调是某些方面,用In some ways,故选D。
7.—Why didn’t you come to my party yesterday?
—Sorry, I was so busy that I ________ forgot about it.
A.suddenly B.completely C.recently D.quietly
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你昨天为什么没来我的派对?——抱歉,我太忙了,完全忘了这回事。
考查副词辨析。suddenly突然;completely完全地;recently最近;quietly安静地。根据“I was so busy”可知,是因为太忙而彻底忘记了派对。故选B。
8.—If your parents are busy with their work, where will you have dinner?
—I’ll ________ order some food on the phone.
A.simply B.hardly C.exactly D.clearly
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——如果你的父母忙于工作,你会在哪里吃晚饭?——我只会在手机上点些吃的。
考查副词辨析。simply仅仅,只;hardly几乎不;exactly确切地;clearly清楚地。根据语境可知,父母忙的时候,“我”的做法是“只”在手机上点外卖,强调方式的单一性,故选A。
9.---Do you know that Erhu is one of the most traditional in China?
---Of course. Liu Tianhua, the of Erhu, was born and grew up in our hometown Jiangyin.
A.instructions; pioneer B.instruments; pioneer
C.instructions; inventor D.instruments; inventor
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你知道在中国二胡是最传统的乐器之一吗?——当然,二胡的先驱刘天华在我们的家乡江津出生并长大。
考查名词辨析。instruction指令、命令,instrument乐器。“根据one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”可知,空处用名词复数,且表示“乐器”,排除A和C;pioneer先锋,开拓者;inventor发明者。根据常识可知,刘天华是中国近代二胡音乐的鼻祖和先驱,故选B。
10.A grand ceremony was held on that day ________ those who laid down their lives for the motherland in the Anti-Japanese War.
A.in favour of B.in honour of C.in search of D.in charge of
【答案】B
【详解】句意:那天举行了一个盛大的仪式,纪念那些在抗日战争中为祖国牺牲的人。
考查介词短语。in favour of支持;in honour of为纪念;in search of寻找;in charge of负责。根据“those who laid down their lives for the motherland in the Anti-Japanese War.”可知,是为了纪念这些为国牺牲的人,故选B。
二、单词拼写
11.Have you heard from your parents (recent)?
【答案】recently
【详解】句意:你最近收到你父母的消息了吗?此处需填副词作状语,“recent”是形容词,意为“最近的”,其副词形式为“recently”。故填recently。
12.Dora (use) to be fat, but now she is thin.
【答案】used
【详解】句意:Dora过去很胖,但现在她很瘦。根据“but now she is thin”可知,前句说的是过去的情况,应用used to be。故填used。
13.The house over there was reported as being in excellent . (condition)
【答案】condition
【详解】句意:据报道,那边的那所房子状况极佳。根据“in excellent”可知,横线处需填名词,condition“状况”,名词,in excellent condition“状况极佳”。故填condition。
14.The (crowd) market was full of colorful stalls.
【答案】crowded
【详解】句意:这个拥挤的市场里满是色彩缤纷的摊位。crowd是名词“人群”,此处需要形容词修饰名词“market”,crowded是其形容词形式,意为“拥挤的”。故填crowded。
15.Most people communicate with each other on WeChat at present. It’s (convenience).
【答案】convenient
【详解】句意:现在大多数人通过微信互相交流,这很方便。空格前为系动词“is”,这里应用convenience的形容词形式convenient“方便的”,在句中作表语。故填convenient。
16.In the (south) part of our town, there is a small bookshop.
【答案】southern
【详解】句意:在我们镇的南部,有一家小书店。此处修饰名词part用形容词southern“南方的”。故填southern。
17.Some people believe that if they are (wealth), they will be able to do anything they want.
【答案】wealthy
【详解】句意:有些人认为如果他们富有,他们就能做任何想做的事。根据“if they are”及括号内提示词“wealth”可知,此处需填入其形容词形式“wealthy”,在句中作表语,说明主语的状态。故填wealthy。
18.This school trip is really (education).
【答案】educational
【详解】句意:这次学校旅行真的很有教育意义。be动词后加形容词作表语,education的形容词形式educational。故填educational。
19.As is known to all, China is the largest (develop) country in the world.
【答案】developing
【详解】句意:众所周知,中国是世界上最大的发展中国家。根据“the largest...country in the world”以及所给单词可知,应填形容词developing“发展中的”,作定语,修饰后面的名词country。故填developing。
20.With her (creative), she designed a special gift for her best friend.
【答案】creativity
【详解】句意:凭借她的创造力,她为最好的朋友设计了一份特别的礼物。空前是形容词性物主代词“her”,此处需要填名词,表示“创造力”。形容词creative的名词形式是creativity。故填creativity。
$第01讲 Unit 1 Past and present(寒假预习讲义)
内容导航——预习三步曲
第一步:学
析教材 学知识:教材精讲精析、全方位预习
练习题 讲典例:教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法
练考点 强知识:核心考点精准练
第二步:记
串知识 识框架:思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握
第三步:测
过关测 稳提升:小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升
1.Development is the key to success.发展是成功的关键。
【解析】
(1)Development名词(n.) 含义:①发展;②发育;③开发 ,动词原形:develop
例句:
① The development of smart phones has changed our daily life.(智能手机的发展改变了我们的日常生活。)
② The doctor is talking about the development of the baby.(医生正在讲解婴儿的发育情况。)
③ The development of this area will start next year.(这片区域的开发将于明年启动。)
【常用搭配】economic development 经济发展
the development of science and technology 科技发展
(2)key ① 做名词:关键;钥匙;答案
② 做形容词:关键的;重要的
例句:
① This is the key to the door of the classroom.(这是教室门的钥匙。)
② Confidence is the key to victory.(自信是胜利的关键。)
③ She played a key role in this project.(她在这个项目中扮演了关键角色。)
【常用搭配】the key to sth./doing sth. …… 的关键
a key problem 一个关键问题
(3)success 名词 ①成功;②成功的人或事物 ,派生词:形容词:successful(成功的)
动词:succeed(成功)
例句:
① His hard work led to success at last.(他的努力最终带来了成功。)
② The new film was a great success.(这部新电影非常成功。)
【常用搭配】achieve success 取得成功
a sense of success 成就感
succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事
2. Great changes have taken place in China over the years. 这些年来,中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。
【解析】 take place(强调有计划、有安排地发生,无被动语态)
Great changes have taken place in China over the years.(这些年来,中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。)
The sports meeting will take place next Friday.(运动会将于下周五举行。)
近义词辨析:take place vs happen
take place:多指事先安排好的事情发生
例:The concert took place as planned.(音乐会按计划举行了。)
happen:多指偶然、意外发生的事情
例:An accident happened on the road yesterday.(昨天路上发生了一起事故。)
【常用搭配】take place in sp. 在某地发生 / 举行
例:The story took place in a small village.(这个故事发生在一个小村庄里。)
take place at sp. 在某地点发生 / 举行
例:The meeting will take place at the school hall.(会议将在学校礼堂举行。)
3. I used to go to school by bike. 我过去常常骑自行车去上学。
【解析】 used to do sth(过去常常做某事(现在已经不做了))
Did you use to go to school by bike?(你过去常常骑自行车去上学吗?)
used to do sth. 含义:过去常常做某事(现在已经不做了)
例句:She used to play the piano.
be used to doing sth.含义:习惯于做某事
例句:He is used to getting up early.
be used to do sth.含义:被用来做某事(被动语态用法)
例句:Wood is used to make paper.
4. I like going to school by bus. 我喜欢乘公交车去上学。
【解析】by bus 交通方式表达
结构:by + 交通工具单数名词(中间不加冠词)
同类搭配:
by bike 骑自行车
by car 乘小汽车
by train 乘火车
同义表达:take a bus to school
例:I like taking a bus to school.
5. A pioneer in China’s reform and opening-up, Shenzhen has attracted people from across the world. 作为中国改革开放的先行者,深圳吸引了来自世界各地的人们。
【解析】(1)pioneer名词(n.)先驱者;开拓者;带头人
【常用搭配】a pioneer in sth. 某领域的先行者 / 先驱
例句:He is a pioneer in the field of artificial intelligence.(他是人工智能领域的先驱。)
(2)reform and opening-up改革开放(专有名词,固定表达)
注意:opening-up 中间需加连字符,为名词性质
例句:Reform and opening-up has greatly promoted China's development.(改革开放极大地推动了中国的发展。)
(3)attract动词(v.)吸引;引起…… 的兴趣
派生词:attraction(名词,吸引力;景点);attractive(形容词,有吸引力的)
【常用搭配】attract sb. from sp. 吸引来自某地的人
例句:The beautiful scenery attracts many tourists every year.(美丽的风景每年吸引众多游客。)
6. Today, it is leading the move from “Made in China” to “Created in China”. 如今,它正引领着从 “中国制造” 向 “中国创造” 的转型。
【解析】(1)lead动词(v.)引领;带领;主导
【常用搭配】lead sth. 引领某事;lead sb. to sp. 带领某人去某地;lead to 导致
例句:She leads the team to finish the task successfully.(她带领团队成功完成了任务。)
派生词:leader(名词,领导者);leading(形容词,领先的)
(2)move名词(n.)转变;变革;行动
例句:This is an important move towards peace.(这是迈向和平的重要一步。)
拓展词性:动词(v.),表示 “移动;搬家”
例:They move to a new house.(他们搬到了新家。)
(3)Made in China / Created in China
结构:过去分词 + in + 地点,表 “某地制造 / 创造”
同类表达:Designed in China(中国设计);Produced in China(中国生产)
区别:
Made in China:侧重产品的生产制造环节
Created in China:侧重产品的创新研发环节
7. Shenzhen is also active in its drive to become a cultural centre. 深圳也在积极推动自身建设成为一座文化中心城市。
【解析】drive此处为名词(n.)推动;运动;努力
例句:This is a new drive to improve public health.(这是一项改善公众健康的新举措。)
拓展词性:动词(v.),表示 “驾驶;驱使”
例:He drives a car to work every day.(他每天开车上班。)
8. It offers a wealth of cultural facilities ... 它(深圳)拥有种类繁多的文化设施……
【解析】a wealth of大量的;丰富的(后接可数名词复数或不可数名词)
同义短语:a lot of /plenty of /a great deal of
例句:
The old man has a wealth of experience in teaching.(这位老人有着丰富的教学经验。)
This area has a wealth of natural resources.(这片区域有丰富的自然资源。)
9. Moreover, the city has won an honour from UNESCO for being a role model in encouraging reading among the public. 此外,这座城市还因在推动全民阅读方面发挥了典范作用,荣获了联合国教科文组织的一项荣誉称号。
【解析】honour名词(n.)(美式拼写为 honor)荣誉;光荣;荣誉称号
【常用搭配】win an honour 赢得荣誉
in honour of 为纪念;为致敬
例句:She won an honour for her contribution to education.(她因在教育领域的贡献获得了一项荣誉。)
10. The city’s pioneering spirit, together with the hard work and creativity of its citizens, is certainly the key
to its success. 这座城市的开拓进取精神,再加上市民们的勤奋与创造力,无疑是它成功的关键所在。
【解析】together with和;连同;此外
用法:连接两个并列成分,谓语动词的单复数由前面的成分决定(就远原则)
例句:The teacher, together with her students, is planting trees on the hill.(老师和她的学生们正在山上种树。)
同义短语:as well as;along with
11. What efforts has Shenzhen made to become a cultural centre? 深圳为建设成为文化中心付出了哪些努力?
【解析】effort名词(n.)努力;尽力;尝试
【常用搭配】make efforts to do sth. 努力做某事(也可用 make an effort/make every effort)
spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做某事
例句:
She made great efforts to pass the final exam.(她付出巨大努力来通过期末考试。)
12. In the past, most families made a living by fishing. 在过去,大多数家庭靠捕鱼为生。
【解析】make a living谋生;维持生计
常见搭配:make a living by doing sth. 靠做某事谋生
同义短语:earn one’s living
例句:He makes a living by painting portraits.(他靠画肖像画谋生。)
13. He said there are a lot more jobs now in Shenzhen, and the living conditions are much better. 他说,现在深圳的就业岗位多了很多,而且生活条件也改善了不少。
【解析】living conditions生活条件
拆解搭配:
living(形容词):生活的;生计的
conditions(名词复数):条件(常用复数形式表 “生活 / 工作环境”)
例句:The government is trying to improve people’s living conditions.(政府正努力改善人们的生活条件。)
【辨析】condition, situation, state 词义辨析
这三个词都可表示 “状态、情形”,但侧重点和搭配不同,结合初中英语考点整理如下:
1. condition
核心含义:侧重具体的条件、状况,可指人 / 物的状态、环境条件,常用复数形式表 “生活 / 工作条件”。
常见搭配
living conditions 生活条件
working conditions 工作条件
in good/bad condition 状况良好 / 糟糕
on condition that... 以…… 为条件
例句
① The living conditions in this city have improved a lot.(这座城市的生活条件改善了很多。)
② My old bike is still in good condition.(我的旧自行车状况依然很好。)
2. situation
核心含义:侧重整体的形势、局面,多指社会、经济、突发情况等宏观场景。
常见搭配
current situation 当前形势
difficult situation 困境
improve the situation 改善局面
in a dangerous situation 处于危险境地
例句
① We need to discuss how to deal with the present situation.(我们需要讨论如何应对当前形势。)
② He helped the girl out of a difficult situation.(他帮这个女孩摆脱了困境。)
3. state
核心含义:侧重人 / 物的内在状态、精神状态,强调相对稳定的情况。
常见搭配
state of mind 精神状态
state of health 健康状况
in a state of... 处于…… 的状态
例句
① She was in a poor state of health after the illness.(生病后她的健康状况很差。)
② His state of mind affects his study.(他的精神状态影响了学习。)
14. You could say I have fallen in love with Shenzhen—it feels like home. 可以说,我已经爱上深圳了 —— 这里给我的感觉就像家一样。
【解析】fall in love with爱上;喜欢上(强调动作的过程和结果)
【常见搭配】fall in love with sb./sth. 爱上某人 / 某物
例句:She fell in love with this quiet town at first sight.(她第一眼就爱上了这座宁静的小镇。)
【拓展】be in love with 强调 “处于恋爱 / 喜爱的状态”
例:They have been in love with each other for three years.(他们已经相爱三年了。)
15. There was often rubbish lying in the streets. 过去街上常常散落着垃圾。
【解析】lying现在分词(v.-ing)
原形:lie(表示 “躺;平放;处于某种状态”)
用法:此处作后置定语,修饰 rubbish,表主动和状态,说明 “垃圾处于散落的状态”
【拓展】lie 的不规则变化 原形:lie(躺)→ 过去式:lay → 过去分词:lain → 现在分词:lying
【句子结构】本句是 there be 句型,时态为一般过去时
句型结构:There was + 主语 + 现在分词短语作定语 + 地点状语
There was:因主语 rubbish 是不可数名词,故用 was
主语:rubbish
后置定语:lying in the streets(现在分词短语,修饰 rubbish,说明垃圾的状态)
注意:there be 句型的核心是表达 “某地有某物”,现在分词短语在此处不充当谓语,谓语是 was
16. When I was your age, I often went there to play football at the weekend. 我像你这么大的时候,周末经常去那里踢足球。
【解析】when I was your age我像你这么大的时候
用法:时间状语从句,用来引出过去的某个时间背景,age 在此处指 “年龄段”
例句:When I was your age, I walked to school every day.(我像你这么大的时候,每天走路去上学。)
17. Now it is common to take a bus, a taxi or the underground. 如今,乘坐公交车、出租车或地铁已经是很常见的出行方式了。
【解析】common形容词(adj.)常见的;普遍的;寻常的
【常见搭配】
It is common (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事很常见
be common in sp. 在某地很常见
例句:It is common to see people jogging in the park in the morning.(早上在公园里看到人们慢跑是很常见的。)
【反义词】uncommon(罕见的)
短文填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the past few years, great changes have taken place around me. The roads 1 (use) to be dirty and crowded. People lived 2 old and small houses. The air wasn’t fresh enough. Sometimes, terrible smells filled the area. People had badly polluted the river and thrown rubbish into it.
Nowadays, wide and clean roads make traveling easy for everyone. We can choose 3 (difference) kinds of transportation to go anywhere. The city has 4 (build) lots of tall buildings. So far, most of 5 (we) have moved into big and modern houses. The river has become much 6 (clean) than before, with clear water flowing through it. The blue sky and white clouds create 7 beautiful scene, and birds sing 8 (happy) . The environment in my hometown has improved greatly, 9 we still need to work together to keep it this way.
Thanks to the government’s efforts, our living conditions have improved a lot recently. I’m sure as time goes by, our 10 (life) will become better and better.
考点1 现在完成时
1.—Look! Someone ________ the classroom. It’s so clean!
—Really? Let’s find out who it was.
A.cleans B.cleaned C.has cleaned D.had cleaned
2.—Will you go to the Science Museum with us?
—No, thanks. I ________ it twice.
A.visit B.will visit C.visited D.have visited
考点2 development
With the ______ of science and technology, people’s lives are becoming more convenient.
A. develop B. development C. developing D. developed
考点3 success/succeed
1.If you study hard,you will achieve in your exams.( )
A.successfully B.succeed
C.success D.successful
2.Did you___________ in booking the tickets?( )
A. succeed B. success
C. successful D. successfully
考点4 key
—Grandpa,you look so well. What do you think is the ________ to keeping healthy?
—Keeping a good mood (心情).( )
A.key B.answer C.unit D.call
考点5 take place
The winter school sports meeting will ________ next Friday. Let's go and join in it.( )
A. take off B. take away
C. take place
考点6 used to do/be used to do/ be used to doing
1.Computers can ________ a lot of things( )
A. used to do B. be used to do
C. used to doing D. be used to doing
2.My father used to ______ me to do everything with confidence and I will be full of ______ to face difficulties in my future life.( )
A.encouraged;courage
B.encouraged;encourage
C.encourage;courage
D.encourage;encourage
3.Most people pay in cash(现金),but now they are used to that mainly through WeChat and Alipay.( )
A.used to;do B.used to;doing
C.were used to;do D.were used to;doing
考点7 attract
To______ the customers better,the restaurant provides free drinks during weekends.( )
A.help B.attract C. control D.manage
考点8 together with
Tom,together with his two friends, to Beijing for a holiday this summer.( )
A.are going B.was going
C.were going D.is going
考点9 make a living by doing sth.
Each of us is amazing. For example,my cousin can make a living writing.( )
A.with B.of C.over D.by
考点10 effort
— A world of beauty was created on "Maker Fair".
— I am glad you like it. Both students and teachers put much ________ into it.( )
A.effort B.balance C.courage D.challenge
考点11 pioneer
Many people in China think of Yang Liwei as a(n) in space exploration. He is the hero in their mind.( )
A.pioneer B.engineer C.volunteer
考点12 lying
I just can't imagine ________ on the beach without applying sun block lotion.( )
A.lie B.to lie C.lying D.lay
考点13 common
Mountain bikes were not very popular in my hometown many years ago,but now they're very ________.We can see them everywhere.( )
A. useful B. expensive C. common D. strange
知识导图记忆
重点单词
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名词
1.underground(地铁)
2.speed(速度)
3.high-speed train(高速列车)
4.innovation(创新)
5.pioneer(先锋,先驱)
6.reform(改革)
7.technology(技术)
8.industry(行业;工业)
9.giant(大公司;巨人)
10.move(改变,转变)
11.wealth(大量,丰富;财富)
12.award(奖,奖项)
13.public(民众)
14.citizen(居民,市民;公民)
15.greenway(林荫道)
16.planner(设计者,规划者)
17.development(发展,成长)
18.creativity(创造力)
19.key(关键;键,琴键)
20.transport(交通运输系统)
21.reporter(记者)
22.line((交通)路线;线(条);行列)
23.row(一排,一列,一行)
24.villager(村民)
25.guest(旅客,房客;客人)
26.guest house(小旅馆)
27.tourism(旅游业,观光业)
28.theme(主题)
29.theme park(主题乐园)
30.opinion(看法,想法)
动词
1.lead(引领;领导)
2.step(迈步,踩,踏,行走)
3.fall in love with(爱上…)
形容词
1.crowded(拥挤的)
2.convenient(方便的)
3.southern(南部的,南方的)
4.high-tech(高技术的,高科技的)
5.very(最… 的,十足的)
6.excellent(优秀的,杰出的,极好的)
7.educational(教育的,有关教育的)
8.public(公共的;公众的)
9.electric(电动的)
10.pioneering(开拓性的)
11.key(关键的)
12.world-famous(举世闻名的)
13.wide(宽的,宽阔的)
14.muddy(泥泞的)
15.recent(近来的,新近的)
16.hopeful(抱有希望,满怀希望)
17.common(普遍的;共同的)
副词
1.certainly(无疑,肯定)
2.recently(最近)
3.already(已经,早已)
4.yet(尚(未),还)
3.against 反对; 与.....相反; 紧靠
重点单词变形
1. develop (v. 发展;培养)→ development (n. 发展,成长)→ developing (adj. 发展中的)→ developed (adj. 发达的)
2. create (v. 创造)→ creativity (n. 创造力)→ creative (adj. 有创造力的)
3. certain (adj. 确定的)→ certainly (adv. 无疑,肯定)
4. convenient (adj. 方便的)→ convenience (n. 便利,方便)
5. educational (adj. 教育的)→ education (n. 教育)→ educate (v. 教育)
6. excellent (adj. 优秀的)→ excellence (n. 优秀,卓越)
7. wide (adj. 宽的)→ widely (adv. 广泛地)→ widen (v. 使变宽)
8. recent (adj. 近来的)→ recently (adv. 最近)
9. hope (v./n. 希望)→ hopeful (adj. 抱有希望的)→ hopeless (adj. 无望的)
10. use (v./n. 使用)→ used (adj. 用过的;习惯于)→ useful (adj. 有用的)→ useless (adj. 无用的)
重点短语
1. take the underground 乘地铁
2. by underground 坐地铁
3. at high speed 高速地
4. with speed 迅速地
5. speed up 加速
6. used to do sth 过去常常做某事
7. be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
8. be used to do sth 被用来做某事
9. a crowded place 一个拥挤的地方
10. be crowded with 挤满……
11. it is convenient to do sth 做某事很方便
12. for convenience 为了方便起见
13. technological innovation 技术创新
14. make an innovation in sth 在某方面创新
15. a pioneer in sth 某领域的先驱
16. pioneer in doing sth 开拓做某事的领域
17. reform and opening up 改革开放
18. carry out a reform 进行改革
19. at the heart of sth 在……的核心
20. high technology 高科技
21. information technology 信息技术
22. high-tech industry 高科技产业
23. heavy industry 重工业
24. lead the way 引路;带头
25. lead to 导致;通向
26. lead sb to do sth 引导某人做某事
27. a wealth of 大量的;丰富的
28. wealth of experience 丰富的经验
29. excellent at sth 擅长某事
30. an excellent chance 极好的机会
31. win an award 获奖
32. give an award to sb 给某人颁奖
33. the public 公众
34. in public 公开地
35. ordinary citizens 普通市民
36. citizen rights 公民权利
37. electric cars 电动汽车
38. electric power 电力
39. make a plan 制定计划
40. plan to do sth 计划做某事
41. since then 从那以后
42. ever since 自从
43. the development of sth 某物的发展
44. economic development 经济发展
45. develop creativity 培养创造力
46. artistic creativity 艺术创造力
47. certainly not 当然不
48. certainly yes 当然是
49. the key to sth ……的关键
50. a key factor 关键因素
51. make a living by doing sth 靠做某事谋生
52. a world-famous star 世界著名的明星
53. public transport 公共交通
54. transport goods 运输货物
55. in recent years 近年来
56. recent research 近期研究
57. not yet 还没有
58. yet again 再一次
59. a news reporter 新闻记者
60. interview a reporter 采访记者
61. fall in love with sb/sth 爱上某人/某物
62. take steps to do sth 采取措施做某事
63. a step forward 向前一步
64. wide eyes 睁大的眼睛
65. be wide open 大开着
66. in a row 连续地;成一排
67. row a boat 划船
68. local villagers 当地村民
69. be hopeful about sth 对某事抱有希望
70. a hopeful future 充满希望的未来
71. a guest speaker 特邀演讲者
72. welcome guests 欢迎客人
73. tourism industry 旅游业
74. ecotourism 生态旅游
75. a theme park 主题公园
76. the main theme 主题思想
77. in one’s opinion 在某人看来
78. express an opinion 表达观点
79. common sense 常识
80. have sth in common 有共同之处
一、单项选择
1.—We can always find something good in a bad ________ if we look for it.
—It’s true. Let’s make full use of what comes.
A.situation B.direction C.instruction D.competition
2.—Have you seen the latest film ______?
—Yes. I have ______ seen it with my friends.
A.just; already B.yet; already C.yet; yet D.already; just
3.Dad used to ________ TV after dinner, but now he is used to ________ a walk outside.
A.watch, taking B.watching, taking C.watching, take D.watch, take
4.—It’s a long time ________ I met you last year. How is everything?
—Not bad, except that I am always missing you.
A.when B.while C.before D.since
5.I’m afraid I can’t go camping with you, but thanks for the invitation, ________.
A.anyway B.moreover C.however D.otherwise
6.—The changes are good for people.
—________. I like the new park, but I think people can’t meet as often as before.
A.Exactly B.Yes, I agree with you
C.No, you’re wrong D.In some ways
7.—Why didn’t you come to my party yesterday?
—Sorry, I was so busy that I ________ forgot about it.
A.suddenly B.completely C.recently D.quietly
8.—If your parents are busy with their work, where will you have dinner?
—I’ll ________ order some food on the phone.
A.simply B.hardly C.exactly D.clearly
9.---Do you know that Erhu is one of the most traditional in China?
---Of course. Liu Tianhua, the of Erhu, was born and grew up in our hometown Jiangyin.
A.instructions; pioneer B.instruments; pioneer
C.instructions; inventor D.instruments; inventor
10.A grand ceremony was held on that day ________ those who laid down their lives for the motherland in the Anti-Japanese War.
A.in favour of B.in honour of C.in search of D.in charge of
二、单词拼写
11.Have you heard from your parents (recent)?
12.Dora (use) to be fat, but now she is thin.
13.The house over there was reported as being in excellent . (condition)
14.The (crowd) market was full of colorful stalls.
15.Most people communicate with each other on WeChat at present. It’s (convenience).
16.In the (south) part of our town, there is a small bookshop.
17.Some people believe that if they are (wealth), they will be able to do anything they want.
18.This school trip is really (education).
19.As is known to all, China is the largest (develop) country in the world.
20.With her (creative), she designed a special gift for her best friend.
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