精品解析：乌鲁木齐市第七十中学2025-2026学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题

2025-2026学年第一学期期中考试高一年级英语试卷（问卷） 考试时长：100分钟 命题教师：刘禹 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Four of the World’s Natural Disasters The following four natural disasters destroyed cities and communities around the world. By flood, typhoon, or earthquake, these events have altogether taken millions of human lives. Yangtze River Flood The major flood of 1931 covered tens of thousands of square miles, flooding rice fields and many cities, including Nanjing and Wuhan. The flood influenced more than 50 million people. Government organizations, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, estimated (估计) that about 3.7 million people died in this disaster. Typhoon Nina Typhoon Nina struck Henan province of China in August 1975. The typhoon caused a serious dam (水坝) failure, and more than 150,000 people were dead or injured. According to reports, at least 26, 000 people died in the floods. About 145,000 people died from diseases caused by water pollution and famine (饥荒) . The number of people influenced by the disaster was more than 10,000,000. Kashmir Earthquake On October 8, 2005, a disastrous earthquake struck the Jashmir region. The earthquake measured 7.6, followed by many aftershocks, landslides, and falling rocks. The seriousness of the damage and the high number of deaths were worsened by poor construction (建筑). In Kashmir, at least 79,000 people were killed, and more than 32,000 buildings broke down. Haitian Earthquake At the beginning of 2010, an earthquake hit Haiti. The earthquake measured 7.0 and was followed by aftershocks that measured 5.9 and 5.5. Another aftershock that measured 5.9 struck on January 20. There have been different views about the total number of deaths caused by this earthquake, but estimates suggest that about 200,000 — 300,000 people died. Hundreds of thousands more were forced to leave their homes. 1. Which natural disaster caused the most deaths? A. Typhoon Nina. B. Kashmir Earthquake. C. Haiti Earthquake. D. Yangtze River Flood. 2. What made the situation in Kashmir more serious? A. The serious aftershocks. B. The continuous falling rocks. C. The terrible construction. D. The diseases after the earthquake. 3. What can we learn about the earthquake that hit Haiti? A. It happened only once. B. It left many people homeless. C. It had many secondary disasters. D. It happened in the hottest season. Gertrude Ederle was born on October 23 1905, in New York City. She was the third of six children, and from a young age she showed an endless energy and a love for water. Her father, Henry Ederle, ran a shop which was next to where the family lived. His efforts to keep her safe after a near-drowning (溺水) accident when she was seven led to Gertrude’s first swimming lesson. Gertrude grew up in a time when women were often stopped from heavy physical activity — and swimming competitions for women were quite new. Despite this she joined the Women’s Swimming Association (WSA) in New York at about age twelve, and won three medals at the Paris Olympic Games in 1924: two bronze medals and one gold. But Gertrude’s ambition went beyond Olympic medals. In 1925, she attempted (尝试) to swim across the English Channel — a swim of over twenty miles in cold water. Her first try failed: strong waves and cold weather forced her to give up before completing the crossing. Unstoppable, she trained harder. Wearing special equipment her sister helped design, she made a second attempt on August 6, 1926. This time, she succeeded becoming the first woman to swim the English Channel, and doing so in 14 hours 31 minutes, which beat the men’s record at that time. Later years were not without hardship. She suffered from hearing loss (丧失) which began when she was young, and in 1933 had a serious back injury (伤). Despite this, she continued her career by teaching children, with a special focus on those who, like her, lived with hearing difficulty. Besides, she also worked with swimming associations. Gertrude passed away on November 30, 2003, aged 98. Her spirit lives on in her records and how she changed old ideas. She helped prove that women could compete and succeed in athletic challenges long considered beyond their reach. 4. What made Gertrude have her first swimming lesson? A. Her father’s worry. B. Her love for water. C. The water accident. D. The support of WSA. 5. What can we learn about Gertrude’s crossing the English Channel? A. She failed several times. B. She broke the men’s record. C. She attempted twice in a year. D. She made it without any support. 6. Which of the following best describes Gertrude? A. Talented and creative. B. Responsible and honest. C. Determined and brave. D. Intelligent and confident. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To encourage overcoming challenges. B. To show women’s potential in sports. C. To highlight Gertrude’s achievements. D. To introduce an inspiring female figure. In the old libraries of Dunhuang’s Mogao Caves, a 21-year-old computer student named Zhang Wei found something amazing. While studying 50,000 ancient papers scanned (扫描) into computers since 2020, she noticed that 30% had strange marks no one could read. These marks came from old languages once used along the Silk Road. This led her to create “SilkRoad AI” — a computer program that mixes language studies with smart machines to understand forgotten writing. Zhang’s success came from studying stone markers in Xi’an. These stones had the same message in Chinese and two other ancient languages. Her program looked at how the marks were drawn and what they might mean. After months of work, the AI guessed 82% of the unknown marks correctly by matching them to known sounds. But some experts voiced different opinions. Professor Li from Beijing University said, “Computers can’t understand the hidden stories in old writings.” In 2023, Zhang’s team tested their AI at an international history meeting. They used it to read a 1,200-year-old medical book from an ancient kingdom. The computer translated plant names and found 17 types still used in traditional medicine. When scientists checked these findings against modern plant records, they were proved correct. The test helped Zhang get UNESCO’s support to protect disappearing local languages. Now working with the British Museum on ancient Indian writings, Zhang’s AI has helped experts understand 4,000-year-old business records. Her newest idea uses phone cameras — when visitors point their phones at damaged paintings in the Mogao Caves, they can see repaired pictures with computer-translated explanations. “We’re not just solving word puzzles,” Zhang says. “We’re helping people from different times and places talk to each other again.” 8. What led Zhang Wei to create “SilkRoad AI”? A. A program about the Silk Road. B. Her interest in computer science. C. Strange marks on ancient papers. D Amazing libraries of Mogao Caves. 9. What was Professor Li’s attitude towards Zhang Wei’s methods? A. Doubtful. B. Uninterested. C. Unclear. D. Positive. 10. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. A study on traditional medicine. B. An international history meeting. C. The effectiveness of SilkRoad AI. D. The protection of local languages. 11 What can we learn from Zhang’s words in the last paragraph? A. Her newest idea is creative. B. Her work easily solves word puzzles. C. Her AI helps understand business records. D. Her program connects the past and present. After waking up at the midnight every day for a week, today you might be told you have insomnia (失眠). But a few generations ago, this may hardly have been reason for concern. Waking in the middle of the night was common, if not the norm, in western preindustrial cultures, according to Roger Ekirch, a professor of history who researched segmented (分段的) sleep. With schedules ruled by the sun rather than clocks and electric lights, people likely went to bed earlier and, instead of a quick, continuous eight hours, may have enjoyed a longer rest period, which included two shorter sleeps broken by a period of wakefulness. But today, with electricity to lengthen our waking hours and alarms to cut short our rest, most people try to sleep in one continuous session. Historical records contain signs of two periods of sleep in humans dating back to hundreds of years. At that time, people would sleep for several hours, and reawaken sometime after midnight for an hour before returning to bed for the second sleep. Some experts believe that this behavior may still be in our nature. In his 1992 pioneering work on the subject, scientist Thomas Wehr observed that, after several weeks of being limited to a dark room for 14 hours per day, nearly all participants had changed into the sleep cycle. In fact, these periods of wakefulness between sleep could even serve as a guard. In one experiment, participants would wake up at a little different times each night and that, usually, there was no time when every single person was asleep. From a developing point of view, this might have served a “guard function” by making sure that there was always someone awake to keep watch for the group. Because sleep is influenced by environmental and social factors, patterns can vary widely among different people. “I mainly don’t think that there’s any one pattern of sleep that is the human sleep pattern,” Russell Foster adds. “I think that adaptability (适应力) is the main feature.” 12. Why did people in the past have a longer rest period? A. They had a free schedule. B. They lived a life without alarms. C. They followed natural laws. D. They formed a weak sense of time. 13. What do the underlined words “this behavior” refer to in paragraph 3? A. The return to sleep. B. The segmented sleep. C. Sleeping for several hours. D. Waking up at a certain time. 14. What is the role of wakefulness between sleep? A. Keeping the group safe. B. Controlling sleep periods. C. Increasing social connection. D. Strengthening sleep adaptability. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. The recorded study on human sleep. B. The science behind segmented sleep. C. How segmented sleep benefits humans. D. How social factors influence sleep patterns. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 BE A GOOD TOURIST Tourism can be both good and bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems. ____16____. Tourists have used rocks, or even keys to write on many tourist places. Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death”. I have three words for people like this: please stop it. If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love. ____17____. Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing (打扰) the local people and life. ____18____. For example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students, and disturbing their studies. Another example is Sanlitun, a neighbourhood in Beijing, China. Some tourists love to party there late into the night, making it difficult for locals to sleep. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate (为他人着想的). ____19____ . The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws, and many more. ____20____! Be the best, kindest, most polite tourist as much as possible. Remember, whenever you go abroad, you are representing (代表) your country to the rest of the world. A. It’s important to be a good tourist B. Have fun in a way that does not disturb others C. The best tourists are those who are travelling for fun D. Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction E. The only way to solve the problems is to make sure that you are not one F. Some tourists walk around and photograph local people without permission G. One growing problem is tourists who want to prove they have visited a destination 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） Having eased my way into the parking lot, I looked through the crowd, but couldn’t find the ____21____ face. I took a deep breath and tried to control my anxiety. “It’s been too long, and I’ve gone this far,” I ____22____ myself, shutting off the engine. As I approached the restaurant, ____23____ with Teresa came rushing back. We had been close ____24____ for ages. A huge disagreement, however, caused us to ____25____. I often thought of reaching out to her, but then I would think, “If she ____26____, why wouldn’t she get in touch with me?” It was Teresa’s birthday a month before, and that ____27____ me to look for her on social media. She had a common name, but I ____28____ found her photo, with signature broad smile. I ____29____ her, saying how much I’d missed her over the past decade... Finally, I suggested meeting up. When I didn’t hear back, I figured she had something ____30____ in mind. But then she finally reached out, and we ____31____ this lunch. After my third cup of coffee, I ____32____ myself to the fact that Teresa wasn’t coming. No call, no message — maybe it was too late to ____33____ the friendship. Just as I was paying the bill, Teresa appeared, apologizing for her ____34____ and the radio silence. I ____35____ her midway, “It’s okay. I’m just glad you’re here!” We hugged each other tightly. It was so nice to be back in touch. If I hadn’t taken that leap of faith, I would have missed out on a wonderful friendship. 21. A. sincere B. familiar C. honest D. cheerful 22. A. challenged B. forgave C. awakened D. convinced 23. A. memories B. secrets C. promises D. lessons 24. A. neighbors B. roommates C. friends D. partners 25. A. break down B. break up C. break off D. break out 26. A. sighted B. declined C. cared D. hesitated 27. A. advised B. persuaded C. permitted D. pushed 28. A. eventually B. technically C. obviously D. accidentally 29. A. blamed B. admired C. followed D. messaged 30. A. specific B. particular C. different D. urgent 31. A. served B. arranged C. shared D. celebrated 32. A. resigned B. adjusted C. contained D. defended 33. A. establish B. examine C. expand D. repair 34. A. rudeness B. lateness C. loneliness D. sadness 35. A. praised B. inspired C. stopped D. informed 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese culture, ____36____ has a long history and various forms, is increasingly drawing international students to pursue their studies in the country. Ren Valeryia, a student at the Renmin University of China, began learning about Chinese language and culture in 2019, when she ____37____ (send) to Tsinghua University for a language-learning program. “The more time I spent in China, the more I fell in love with it, ” she said. ____38____ (realize) that she wanted to continue living and working in China, Ren decided to pursue a master’s degree in financial technology at Renmin. She has explored classic Chinese literature ____39____ (know) more about Chinese culture. She has also buried herself in the lively cities, ancient buildings ____40____ impressive natural sights. Engaging with Chinese history and philosophy has allowed her to gain insights into the values and beliefs that shape ____41____ culture. Ren said, as a global leader in creation and technology, China ____42____ (gain) worldwide attention in recent years, ____43____ (particular) in areas such as artificial intelligence and e-commerce. With more breakthroughs achieved, China is now firmly ____44____ the lead globally. There is a strong _____45_____ (argue) among experts that such technological advancement will further strengthen China’s role in the international community. 第三节 单词填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 用括号内的汉语或单词的正确形式完成下列句子。 46. It ________ (strike) him that he didn’t get the scholarship because of his poor academic performance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. A lot of survivors ________ (rescue) by the soldiers in the earthquake-stricken area since yesterday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. Tom gave the police a detailed ______ (描述) of his stolen car. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. She was so nervous that she couldn’t ________ (呼吸) freely. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 50. It is a ______ (demand) role and she needs to work hard at it. 51. Chinese food is famous for its wide _______ (多样性). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. In my opinion, playing tame games outdoors with your friends is an ________ (effect) way to get rid of anger.(所给词的适当形式填空) 53. If you find it hard to face difficulties, you’d better list all your___________ (strong) and weaknesses first. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. Lily got ________ (受伤) in the Sports Meeting, so we sent her to the hospital soon.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. He showed great courage and ________ (决心) in the face of obstacles. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 56. ________ (bury) in study, he didn’t notice that all the others had left. （所给词的适当形式填空） 57. The dancer stepped ________ (优雅) onto the stage and bowed to the audience.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 58. The building ________ (destroy) completely by fire in 2010.(所给词的适当形式填空) 59. Many students are busy ________ (竞争) in the school’s English speech contest to improve their public speaking skills. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 60. We need to hold back ________(globe) warming and prepare for its bad effects．（所给词的适当形式填空） 第四部分：写作（满分25分） 61. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生的体育运动情况。请给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1.学校的体育场馆； 2.主要运动项目； 3.你喜欢的项目。 注意： (1)写作词数应为120个左右； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年第一学期期中考试高一年级英语试卷（问卷） 考试时长：100分钟 命题教师：刘禹 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Four of the World’s Natural Disasters The following four natural disasters destroyed cities and communities around the world. By flood, typhoon, or earthquake, these events have altogether taken millions of human lives. Yangtze River Flood The major flood of 1931 covered tens of thousands of square miles, flooding rice fields and many cities, including Nanjing and Wuhan. The flood influenced more than 50 million people. Government organizations, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, estimated (估计) that about 3.7 million people died in this disaster. Typhoon Nina Typhoon Nina struck Henan province of China in August 1975. The typhoon caused a serious dam (水坝) failure, and more than 150,000 people were dead or injured. According to reports, at least 26, 000 people died in the floods. About 145,000 people died from diseases caused by water pollution and famine (饥荒) . The number of people influenced by the disaster was more than 10,000,000. Kashmir Earthquake On October 8, 2005, a disastrous earthquake struck the Jashmir region. The earthquake measured 7.6, followed by many aftershocks, landslides, and falling rocks. The seriousness of the damage and the high number of deaths were worsened by poor construction (建筑). In Kashmir, at least 79,000 people were killed, and more than 32,000 buildings broke down. Haitian Earthquake At the beginning of 2010, an earthquake hit Haiti. The earthquake measured 7.0 and was followed by aftershocks that measured 5.9 and 5.5. Another aftershock that measured 5.9 struck on January 20. There have been different views about the total number of deaths caused by this earthquake, but estimates suggest that about 200,000 — 300,000 people died. Hundreds of thousands more were forced to leave their homes. 1. Which natural disaster caused the most deaths? A Typhoon Nina. B. Kashmir Earthquake. C. Haiti Earthquake. D. Yangtze River Flood. 2. What made the situation in Kashmir more serious? A. The serious aftershocks. B. The continuous falling rocks. C. The terrible construction. D. The diseases after the earthquake. 3. What can we learn about the earthquake that hit Haiti? A. It happened only once. B. It left many people homeless. C. It had many secondary disasters. D. It happened in the hottest season. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了长江洪水、台风妮娜、克什米尔地震和海地地震这四次世界自然灾害，它们以不同形式造成大量人员伤亡、房屋损毁，波及众多民众。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Government organizations, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, estimated that about 3.7 million people died in this disaster.(包括国家海洋与大气管理局在内的政府机构估计，此次灾难造成约370万人丧生)”；第三段“The typhoon caused a serious dam failure, and more than 150,000 people were dead or injured.(这场台风导致了严重的水坝垮塌，造成超过15万人死亡或受伤)”；第四段“In Kashmir at least 79,000 people were killed, and more than 32,000 buildings broke down.(在克什米尔地区，至少有79000人丧生，超过32000座建筑物倒塌)”以及最后一段“There has been different views about the total number of deaths caused by this earthquake, but estimates suggest that about 200,000 — 300,000 people died.(对于此次地震造成的总死亡人数，存在不同的看法，但据估计，约有20万至30万人丧生)”可知，长江洪水造成的死亡人数最多。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The seriousness of the damage and the high number of deaths were worsened by poor construction.(由于建筑质量不佳，此次灾害造成的破坏程度更加严重，死亡人数也大幅增加)”可知，糟糕的建筑质量让克什米尔的局势变得更加严峻。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hundreds of thousands more were forced to leave their homes.(又有数十万人被迫离开了自己的家园)”可知，这次袭击海地的地震导致许多人无家可归。故选B。 Gertrude Ederle was born on October 23, 1905, in New York City. She was the third of six children, and from a young age she showed an endless energy and a love for water. Her father, Henry Ederle, ran a shop which was next to where the family lived. His efforts to keep her safe after a near-drowning (溺水) accident when she was seven led to Gertrude’s first swimming lesson. Gertrude grew up in a time when women were often stopped from heavy physical activity — and swimming competitions for women were quite new. Despite this, she joined the Women’s Swimming Association (WSA) in New York at about age twelve, and won three medals at the Paris Olympic Games in 1924: two bronze medals and one gold. But Gertrude’s ambition went beyond Olympic medals. In 1925, she attempted (尝试) to swim across the English Channel — a swim of over twenty miles in cold water. Her first try failed: strong waves and cold weather forced her to give up before completing the crossing. Unstoppable, she trained harder. Wearing special equipment her sister helped design, she made a second attempt on August 6, 1926. This time, she succeeded becoming the first woman to swim the English Channel, and doing so in 14 hours 31 minutes, which beat the men’s record at that time. Later years were not without hardship. She suffered from hearing loss (丧失) which began when she was young, and in 1933 had a serious back injury (伤). Despite this, she continued her career by teaching children, with a special focus on those who, like her, lived with hearing difficulty. Besides, she also worked with swimming associations. Gertrude passed away on November 30, 2003, aged 98. Her spirit lives on in her records and how she changed old ideas. She helped prove that women could compete and succeed in athletic challenges long considered beyond their reach. 4. What made Gertrude have her first swimming lesson? A. Her father’s worry. B. Her love for water. C The water accident. D. The support of WSA. 5. What can we learn about Gertrude’s crossing the English Channel? A. She failed several times. B. She broke the men’s record. C. She attempted twice in a year. D. She made it without any support. 6. Which of the following best describes Gertrude? A. Talented and creative. B. Responsible and honest. C. Determined and brave. D. Intelligent and confident. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To encourage overcoming challenges. B. To show women’s potential in sports. C. To highlight Gertrude’s achievements. D. To introduce an inspiring female figure. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了格特鲁德・埃德尔自幼热爱游泳，突破女性体育限制获奥运奖牌，两度尝试后成为首位横渡英吉利海峡的女性并破男子纪录，晚年克服病痛仍投身游泳相关事业。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“His efforts to keep her safe after a near-drowning (溺水) accident when she was seven led to Gertrude’s first swimming lesson. (格特鲁德七岁时差点溺水，父亲努力保护她的安全，让她上了第一节游泳课。)”可知，父亲的担忧是格特鲁德开启游泳学习的直接原因。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Wearing special equipment her sister helped design, she made a second attempt on August 6, 1926. This time, she succeeded becoming the first woman to swim the English Channel, and doing so in 14 hours 31 minutes, which beat the men’s record at that time. (戴着姐姐帮助设计的特殊设备，她进行了第二次尝试。这一次，她成功地成为第一位游过英吉利海峡的女性，用时14小时31分钟，打破了当时男子的纪录。)”可知，关于格特鲁德横渡英吉利海峡，我们能了解到她打破了当时的男子纪录，且是首位完成此举的女性。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Gertrude grew up in a time when women were often stopped from heavy physical activity— and swimming competitions for women were quite new. Despite this, she joined the Women’s Swimming Association (WSA) in New York at about age twelve, and won three medals at the Paris Olympic Games in 1924: two bronze medals and one gold. (格特鲁德成长的那个时代，女性经常被禁止进行剧烈的体育运动，女性游泳比赛也是一项新生事物。尽管如此，她在12岁时加入了纽约女子游泳协会（WSA），并在1924年的巴黎奥运会上获得了三枚奖牌：两枚铜牌和一枚金牌。)”可知，面对女性参与体育活动的偏见，她坚持游泳并获奥运奖牌，体现勇敢。以及第三段中“In 1925, she attempted (尝试) to swim across the English Channel—a swim of over twenty miles in cold water. Her first try failed: strong waves and cold weather forced her to give up before completing the crossing. Unstoppable, she trained harder. (1925年，她试图游过英吉利海峡——在冷水中游了20多英里。她的第一次尝试失败了：强烈的海浪和寒冷的天气迫使她在完成横渡之前放弃了。不可阻挡的是，她更加努力地训练。)”可知，横渡海峡首次失败后不气馁，刻苦训练终获成功，体现坚定。由此可推知，格特鲁德是一个坚定而勇敢的人。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“Her spirit lives on in her records and how she changed old ideas. She helped prove that women could compete and succeed in athletic challenges long considered beyond their reach. (她的精神在她的记录和她如何改变旧观念中得以延续。她帮助证明了女性可以在长期以来被认为遥不可及的运动挑战中竞争并取得成功。)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一个鼓舞人心的女性形象。故选D项。 In the old libraries of Dunhuang’s Mogao Caves, a 21-year-old computer student named Zhang Wei found something amazing. While studying 50,000 ancient papers scanned (扫描) into computers since 2020, she noticed that 30% had strange marks no one could read. These marks came from old languages once used along the Silk Road. This led her to create “SilkRoad AI” — a computer program that mixes language studies with smart machines to understand forgotten writing. Zhang’s success came from studying stone markers in Xi’an. These stones had the same message in Chinese and two other ancient languages. Her program looked at how the marks were drawn and what they might mean. After months of work, the AI guessed 82% of the unknown marks correctly by matching them to known sounds. But some experts voiced different opinions. Professor Li from Beijing University said, “Computers can’t understand the hidden stories in old writings.” In 2023, Zhang’s team tested their AI at an international history meeting. They used it to read a 1,200-year-old medical book from an ancient kingdom. The computer translated plant names and found 17 types still used in traditional medicine. When scientists checked these findings against modern plant records, they were proved correct. The test helped Zhang get UNESCO’s support to protect disappearing local languages. Now working with the British Museum on ancient Indian writings, Zhang’s AI has helped experts understand 4,000-year-old business records. Her newest idea uses phone cameras — when visitors point their phones at damaged paintings in the Mogao Caves, they can see repaired pictures with computer-translated explanations. “We’re not just solving word puzzles,” Zhang says. “We’re helping people from different times and places talk to each other again.” 8. What led Zhang Wei to create “SilkRoad AI”? A. A program about the Silk Road. B. Her interest in computer science. C. Strange marks on ancient papers. D. Amazing libraries of Mogao Caves. 9. What was Professor Li’s attitude towards Zhang Wei’s methods? A. Doubtful. B. Uninterested. C. Unclear. D. Positive. 10. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. A study on traditional medicine. B. An international history meeting. C. The effectiveness of SilkRoad AI. D. The protection of local languages. 11. What can we learn from Zhang’s words in the last paragraph? A. Her newest idea is creative. B. Her work easily solves word puzzles. C. Her AI helps understand business records. D. Her program connects the past and present. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了21岁的计算机专业学生张薇通过创建“SilkRoad AI”项目，利用人工智能技术解读古代文献中的未知符号，为保护和传承消失的当地语言做出贡献的故事。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“While studying 50,000 ancient papers scanned (扫描) into computers since 2020, she noticed that 30% had strange marks no one could read. These marks came from old languages once used along the Silk Road. This led her to create “SilkRoad AI” — a computer program that mixes language studies with smart machines to understand forgotten writing. (在研究自2020年以来扫描到电脑中的5万份古代文献时，她注意到30%的文献上有奇怪的符号，没人能读懂。这些符号来自曾经在丝绸之路上使用的古老语言。这促使她创建了“SilkRoad AI”——一个将语言研究与智能机器相结合，以理解被遗忘文字的计算机程序。)”可知，古代文献上的奇怪符号促使张薇创建了“SilkRoad AI”。故选C项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“But some experts voiced different opinions. Professor Li from Beijing University said, “Computers can’t understand the hidden stories in old writings.” (但一些专家表达了不同的意见。北京大学的李教授说：“计算机无法理解古老文字中隐藏的故事。”)”可推知，李教授对张薇的方法持怀疑态度。故选A项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“In 2023, Zhang’s team tested their AI at an international history meeting. They used it to read a 1,200-year-old medical book from an ancient kingdom. The computer translated plant names and found 17 types still used in traditional medicine. When scientists checked these findings against modern plant records, they were proved correct. The test helped Zhang get UNESCO’s support to protect disappearing local languages. (2023年，张薇的团队在一个国际历史会议上测试了他们的人工智能。他们用它来阅读一本来自一个古老王国的1200年前的医学书籍。计算机翻译了植物名称，并发现了17种仍在传统医学中使用的植物。当科学家将这些发现与现代植物记录进行比对时，它们被证明是正确的。这次测试帮助张薇获得了联合国教科文组织的支持，以保护正在消失的当地语言。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了“SilkRoad AI”在解读古代文献方面的有效性。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句““We’re not just solving word puzzles,” Zhang says. “We’re helping people from different times and places talk to each other again.” (“我们不仅仅是在解决文字谜题，”张薇说。“我们正在帮助不同时代和地方的人们再次相互交流。”)”可推知，张薇认为她的程序连接了过去和现在。故选D项。 After waking up at the midnight every day for a week, today you might be told you have insomnia (失眠). But a few generations ago, this may hardly have been reason for concern. Waking in the middle of the night was common, if not the norm, in western preindustrial cultures, according to Roger Ekirch, a professor of history who researched segmented (分段的) sleep. With schedules ruled by the sun rather than clocks and electric lights, people likely went to bed earlier and, instead of a quick, continuous eight hours, may have enjoyed a longer rest period, which included two shorter sleeps broken by a period of wakefulness. But today, with electricity to lengthen our waking hours and alarms to cut short our rest, most people try to sleep in one continuous session. Historical records contain signs of two periods of sleep in humans dating back to hundreds of years. At that time, people would sleep for several hours, and reawaken sometime after midnight for an hour before returning to bed for the second sleep. Some experts believe that this behavior may still be in our nature. In his 1992 pioneering work on the subject, scientist Thomas Wehr observed that, after several weeks of being limited to a dark room for 14 hours per day, nearly all participants had changed into the sleep cycle. In fact, these periods of wakefulness between sleep could even serve as a guard. In one experiment, participants would wake up at a little different times each night and that, usually, there was no time when every single person was asleep. From a developing point of view, this might have served a “guard function” by making sure that there was always someone awake to keep watch for the group. Because sleep is influenced by environmental and social factors, patterns can vary widely among different people. “I mainly don’t think that there’s any one pattern of sleep that is the human sleep pattern,” Russell Foster adds. “I think that adaptability (适应力) is the main feature.” 12. Why did people in the past have a longer rest period? A. They had a free schedule. B. They lived a life without alarms. C. They followed natural laws. D. They formed a weak sense of time. 13. What do the underlined words “this behavior” refer to in paragraph 3? A. The return to sleep. B. The segmented sleep. C. Sleeping for several hours. D. Waking up at a certain time. 14. What is the role of wakefulness between sleep? A. Keeping the group safe. B. Controlling sleep periods. C. Increasing social connection. D. Strengthening sleep adaptability. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. The recorded study on human sleep. B. The science behind segmented sleep. C. How segmented sleep benefits humans. D. How social factors influence sleep patterns. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了人类睡眠模式的变化，从过去以自然规律为主导的分段睡眠，到现代因电力和闹钟影响而形成的连续睡眠模式，同时探讨了社会因素对睡眠模式的影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“With schedules ruled by the sun rather than clocks and electric lights, people likely went to bed earlier and, instead of a quick, continuous eight hours, may have enjoyed a longer rest period, which included two shorter sleeps broken by a period of wakefulness.(在依循日出日落而非钟表与电灯安排作息的年代，人们往往更早就寝。他们的睡眠并非连续且完整的八小时睡眠，而是包含两段较短睡眠、中间伴有清醒时段的长时休息)”可知，过去的人有更长的休息时间是因为他们遵循自然规律。故选C项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Historical records contain signs of two periods of sleep in humans dating back to hundreds of years. At that time, people would sleep for several hours, and reawaken sometime after midnight for an hour before returning to bed for the second sleep.(历史记录中包含着人类数百年来两个睡眠阶段的迹象。那时，人们会睡上几个小时，然后在午夜后的某个时刻醒来一个小时，然后再回到床上进行第二次睡眠)”和“Some experts believe that this behavior may still be in our nature.(一些专家认为，这种行为可能仍然存在于我们的天性中)”可知，第三段主要介绍了人类历史上分段睡眠的现象，并指出一些专家认为这种行为可能仍然存在于我们的天性中。由此推知，this behavior指代的是上文说到的“分段睡眠”。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In fact, these periods of wakefulness between sleep could even serve as a guard. In one experiment, participants would wake up at a little different times each night and that, usually, there was no time when every single person was asleep. From a developing point of view, this might have served a “guard function” by making sure that there was always someone awake to keep watch for the group.(事实上，这些睡眠间歇的清醒时段甚至能起到守卫作用。某项研究显示，参与者每晚的觉醒时间各不相同，且通常不会出现全员同时沉睡的情况。从演化的视角来看，这种睡眠模式可能天然具备“警戒功能”——确保群体中始终有人保持警觉值守)”可知，睡眠之间的清醒状态的作用是保证群体的安全。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“With schedules ruled by the sun rather than clocks and electric lights, people likely went to bed earlier and, instead of a quick, continuous eight hours, may have enjoyed a longer rest period, which included two shorter sleeps broken by a period of wakefulness. But today, with electricity to lengthen our waking hours and alarms to cut short our rest, most people try to sleep in one continuous session.(在依循日出日落而非钟表与电灯安排作息的年代，人们往往更早就寝。他们的睡眠并非连续且完整的八小时睡眠，而是包含两段较短睡眠、中间伴有清醒时段的长时休息。但在当今时代，电力延长了清醒时光，闹钟截断了休息周期，多数人转而追求连续不间断的单次睡眠)”和最后一段“Because sleep is influenced by environmental and social factors, patterns can vary widely among different people. “I mainly don’t think that there’s any one pattern of sleep that is the human sleep pattern,” Russell Foster adds. “I think that adaptability (适应力) is the main feature.”(由于睡眠受到环境与社会因素的双重影响，不同个体的睡眠模式可能存在显著差异。“我始终认为，并不存在某种统一的人类睡眠模式，”罗素·福斯特补充道，“适应力才是其最根本的特征。”)”可知，本文主要讨论了社会因素是如何影响人类睡眠模式的。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 BE A GOOD TOURIST Tourism can be both good and bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems. ____16____. Tourists have used rocks, or even keys to write on many tourist places. Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death”. I have three words for people like this: please stop it. If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love. ____17____. Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing (打扰) the local people and life. ____18____. For example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students, and disturbing their studies. Another example is Sanlitun, a neighbourhood in Beijing, China. Some tourists love to party there late into the night, making it difficult for locals to sleep. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate (为他人着想的). ____19____ . The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws, and many more. ____20____! Be the best, kindest, most polite tourist as much as possible. Remember, whenever you go abroad, you are representing (代表) your country to the rest of the world. A. It’s important to be a good tourist B. Have fun in a way that does not disturb others C. The best tourists are those who are travelling for fun D. Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction E. The only way to solve the problems is to make sure that you are not one F. Some tourists walk around and photograph local people without permission G. One growing problem is tourists who want to prove they have visited a destination 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. B 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了旅游业的利弊，重点讨论了游客不当行为带来的问题，并呼吁大家成为有礼貌、为他人着想的好游客。 【16题详解】 由上文“Tourism can be both good and bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems.(旅游业既有好的一面，也有坏的一面。是的，它为当地经济带来收入，为当地人创造了大量就业机会，但也可能带来一些问题。)”及下文“Tourists have used rocks, or even keys to write on many tourist places. Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death”.(游客们用石头，甚至钥匙在许多旅游景点上写字。成千上万的旅游景点正被那些“爱它们至死”的游客破坏。)”可知，本空应强调游客行为带来的一个具体问题。G选项“One growing problem is tourists who want to prove they have visited a destination(一个日益严重的问题是游客想要证明他们去过某个目的地)”是对下文游客破坏行为的一个原因概述，能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 【17题详解】 由上文“If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love.(如果你想在这个世界上留下印记，那就用善良和爱去改变别人的生活。)”可知，本空应强调善良和爱的传承。D选项“Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction(把善良传递给后代，而不是破坏)”是对上文观点的进一步阐述，能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 【18题详解】 由上文“Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing (打扰) the local people and life.(在一些地方，另一个大问题就是游客打扰了当地人的生活。)”及下文“For example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students, and disturbing their studies.(例如，泰国的清迈大学和韩国的延世大学都有大量游客参观他们的校园，穿过他们的图书馆和其他公共区域，给学生拍照，打扰他们的学习。)”可知，本空应举例说明游客如何打扰当地人。F选项“Some tourists walk around and photograph local people without permission(一些游客未经允许就在周围走动，给当地人拍照)”是对下文游客打扰行为的一个具体例子，能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 【19题详解】 由上文“Another example is Sanlitun, a neighbourhood in Beijing, China. Some tourists love to party there late into the night, making it difficult for locals to sleep. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate (为他人着想的).(另一个例子是中国北京的三里屯。一些游客喜欢在那里玩到深夜，让当地人很难入睡。对于这样的游客，我有三个字：请为他人着想。)”可知，本空应强调游客在享受乐趣的同时也要考虑他人。B选项“Have fun in a way that does not disturb others(以不打扰别人的方式享受乐趣)”是对上文观点的进一步阐述，能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 【20题详解】 由上文“The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws, and many more.(游客带来的问题数不胜数：成群结队地行走而不考虑其他需要路过的人，过马路时不考虑当地的交通法规，等等。)”及下文“Be the best, kindest, most polite tourist as much as possible.(尽可能成为最好、最善良、最有礼貌的游客。)”可知，本空应强调解决问题的关键在于游客自身的行为。E选项“The only way to solve the problems is to make sure that you are not one(解决问题的唯一方法就是确保自己不是（造成问题）的那类人)”是对上文问题的总结，并引出下文对游客行为的期望，符合题意。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） Having eased my way into the parking lot, I looked through the crowd, but couldn’t find the ____21____ face. I took a deep breath and tried to control my anxiety. “It’s been too long, and I’ve gone this far,” I ____22____ myself, shutting off the engine. As I approached the restaurant, ____23____ with Teresa came rushing back. We had been close ____24____ for ages. A huge disagreement, however, caused us to ____25____. I often thought of reaching out to her, but then I would think, “If she ____26____, why wouldn’t she get in touch with me?” It was Teresa’s birthday a month before, and that ____27____ me to look for her on social media. She had a common name, but I ____28____ found her photo, with signature broad smile. I ____29____ her, saying how much I’d missed her over the past decade... Finally, I suggested meeting up. When I didn’t hear back, I figured she had something ____30____ in mind. But then she finally reached out, and we ____31____ this lunch. After my third cup of coffee, I ____32____ myself to the fact that Teresa wasn’t coming. No call, no message — maybe it was too late to ____33____ the friendship. Just as I was paying the bill, Teresa appeared, apologizing for her ____34____ and the radio silence. I ____35____ her midway, “It’s okay. I’m just glad you’re here!” We hugged each other tightly. It was so nice to be back in touch. If I hadn’t taken that leap of faith, I would have missed out on a wonderful friendship. 21. A. sincere B. familiar C. honest D. cheerful 22. A. challenged B. forgave C. awakened D. convinced 23. A. memories B. secrets C. promises D. lessons 24. A. neighbors B. roommates C. friends D. partners 25. A. break down B. break up C. break off D. break out 26. A. sighted B. declined C. cared D. hesitated 27. A. advised B. persuaded C. permitted D. pushed 28. A. eventually B. technically C. obviously D. accidentally 29. A. blamed B. admired C. followed D. messaged 30. A. specific B. particular C. different D. urgent 31. A. served B. arranged C. shared D. celebrated 32. A. resigned B. adjusted C. contained D. defended 33. A. establish B. examine C. expand D. repair 34. A. rudeness B. lateness C. loneliness D. sadness 35. A. praised B. inspired C. stopped D. informed 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者与Teresa因分歧断联，借其生日联系并安排见面，久等后她迟到而作者却选择原谅，感慨重拾友谊的美好。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我缓缓驶入停车场，在人群中张望，却找不到那张熟悉的面孔。A. sincere真诚的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. honest诚实的；D. cheerful愉快的。根据下文“As I approached the restaurant, 　3　with Teresa came rushing back. We had been close 　4　　 for ages. ”可知，作者与Teresa曾是多年好友，此次是寻找许久未见的她，朋友的面孔应是熟悉的，familiar符合“过往亲密关系带来的熟悉感”这一语境。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“已经过去太久了，我都走到这一步了，” 我说服自己，然后关掉了引擎。A. challenged挑战；B. forgave原谅；C. awakened唤醒；D. convinced说服。根据上文“I took a deep breath and tried to control my anxiety”可知，作者当时内心焦虑，引号内的内容是作者在给自己打气、打消顾虑，目的是“说服自己坚持赴约”，convinced体现“自我劝服以克服情绪”的动作。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走近餐厅时，关于Teresa的回忆涌上心头。A. memories回忆；B. secrets秘密；C. promises承诺；D. lessons教训。根据下文“We had been close 　4　　for ages. A huge disagreement, however, caused us to 　5　　. ”可知，作者开始回想与Teresa过去的交往经历，这些都是过往的回忆，memories是对后文“过往情谊与矛盾”的概括。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们曾经是多年亲密朋友。A. neighbors邻居；B. roommates室友；C. friends朋友；D. partners伙伴。根据最后一段中“If I hadn’t taken that leap of faith, I would have missed out on a wonderful friendship”可知，作者与Teresa是朋友关系，friendship是friends的同根词复现，明确二者的关系属性。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，一场严重的分歧导致我们断绝了往来。A. break down（机器）出故障、（情绪）崩溃；B. break up结束（关系）；C. break off中断（联系）；D. break out（战争、疾病）爆发。根据上文“A huge disagreement”以及语境可知，这里指作者与Teresa因分歧结束多年好友关系；break off更侧重“临时中断联系”，而文中二人断联多年，break up更能体现“关系彻底结束”的状态，贴合语境。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我常常想联系她，但接着又会想：“如果她在乎（我），为什么不主动联系我呢？”A. sighted看见；B. declined拒绝；C. cared在乎；D. hesitated犹豫。根据下文“why wouldn’t she get in touch with me?”以及语境可知，这里指作者认为如果Teresa在乎，应该会主动联系作者。cared符合“判断对方对关系态度”的逻辑，也是作者犹豫不联系的心理依据。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个月前是Teresa的生日，这促使我在社交媒体上寻找她。A. advised建议；B. persuaded说服；C. permitted允许；D. pushed推动、促使。根据上文“It was Teresa’s birthday a month before”以及语境可知，“生日”是触发作者寻找Teresa的契机，推动作者采取行动，pushed侧重“外部因素促使某人做某事”，符合“借生日为由主动寻找”的语境。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的名字很常见，但我最终还是找到了她的照片，照片里她面带标志性的灿烂笑容。A. eventually最终；B. technically技术上；C. obviously明显地；D. accidentally偶然地。根据上文“She had a common name”可知，寻找过程存在难度，but表转折，说明尽管有困难，作者还是“经过努力后最终找到”，eventually体现“克服困难后的结果”，与“名字常见”的背景形成对比。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给她发了消息，说过去十年里我有多想念她…… 最后，我提议见面。A. blamed责怪；B. admired钦佩；C. followed跟随；D. messaged发消息。根据上文“on social media”可知，作者是在社交媒体上找到Teresa，后续“表达思念、提议见面”需通过“发消息”实现，messaged符合“线上沟通”的场景。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我没收到回复时，我以为她有别的想法。A. specific具体的；B. particular特别的；C. different不同的；D. urgent紧急的。根据上文“When I didn’t hear back”可知，作者提议见面却未获回复，所以推测Teresa可能对“见面”持不同态度（如不愿见面）；different in mind表 “想法不同”，贴合“对见面提议无回应”的语境，更符合对“未回复”的合理推测。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但后来她终于联系了我，我们安排了这次午餐。A. served服务；B. arranged安排；C. shared分享；D. celebrated庆祝。根据上文“I suggested meeting up”可知，作者先提议见面，Teresa回复后，二人应是约定好午餐的时间地点，arranged体现“从提议到确定见面细节”的动作，是“提议见面”的后续结果。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：喝了第三杯咖啡后，我不得不接受Teresa不会来的事实。A. resigned（to）屈从、接受；B. adjusted（to）适应；C. contained控制；D. defended保卫。根据“After my third cup of coffee”可知，作者已等待许久，从期待逐渐转为失望，最终无奈接受对方不来的事实，resigned to侧重“接受不愿发生但已无法改变的事”，符合“情绪从焦虑到失望的转变”。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有电话，没有消息 —— 也许修复这段友谊已经太晚了。A. establish建立；B. examine检查；C. expand扩展；D. repair修复。根据上文“ A huge disagreement, however, caused us to 　5　. ”可知，二人的友谊曾因矛盾中断，此次约见的目的是恢复友谊，repair侧重“修复破损的关系”，与上文“中断的友谊”对应，符合语境。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在我买单的时候，Teresa出现了，为自己的迟到和之前没回复消息道歉。A. rudeness粗鲁；B. lateness迟到；C. loneliness孤独；D. sadness悲伤。根据上文“After my third cup of coffee”可知，作者等待了很久，这里指Teresa为自己的迟到而道歉，lateness直接对应“迟迟未到”的场景。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在她（道歉）中途打断了她，说：“没关系，你能来我就很高兴了！”A. praised表扬；B. inspired激励；C. stopped打断；D. informed告知。根据下文“her midway”以及语境可知，作者在Teresa还没说完道歉的话时就打断了她，目的是不让对方继续愧疚，stopped体现“中断对方说话” 的动作，符合“急于表达原谅、重视见面本身”的语境。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese culture, ____36____ has a long history and various forms, is increasingly drawing international students to pursue their studies in the country. Ren Valeryia, a student at the Renmin University of China, began learning about Chinese language and culture in 2019, when she ____37____ (send) to Tsinghua University for a language-learning program. “The more time I spent in China, the more I fell in love with it, ” she said. ____38____ (realize) that she wanted to continue living and working in China, Ren decided to pursue a master’s degree in financial technology at Renmin. She has explored classic Chinese literature ____39____ (know) more about Chinese culture. She has also buried herself in the lively cities, ancient buildings ____40____ impressive natural sights. Engaging with Chinese history and philosophy has allowed her to gain insights into the values and beliefs that shape ____41____ culture. Ren said, as a global leader in creation and technology, China ____42____ (gain) worldwide attention in recent years, ____43____ (particular) in areas such as artificial intelligence and e-commerce. With more breakthroughs achieved, China is now firmly ____44____ the lead globally. There is a strong _____45_____ (argue) among experts that such technological advancement will further strengthen China’s role in the international community. 【答案】36. which 37. was sent 38. Realizing 39. to know 40. and 41. the 42. has gained 43. particularly 44. in 45. argument 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。拥有悠久历史和多样形式的中国文化吸引着众多国际学生来华求学，俄罗斯学生任瓦列里娅便是其中之一，她深耕中国文化与金融科技领域，中国在创新科技等方面的领先地位也获认可。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：中国文化历史悠久、形式多样，正吸引着越来越多的国际学生前来此地求学。引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文“Chinese culture”，从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词which。故填which。 【37题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：任瓦列里娅是中国人民大学的一名学生，她于2019年开始学习汉语和中国文化，当时她被派往清华大学参加语言学习项目。主语she与send为被动关系，且时间状语in 2019提示用一般过去时，故填一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was sent。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：意识到自己想要继续留在中国生活和工作后，任决定在人民大学攻读金融技术方面的硕士学位。“Ren”与“realize”为主动关系，需用现在分词形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Realizing。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她深入研读了中国古典文学，以更好地了解中国文化。此处用不定式作目的状语，表“探索中国古典文学”的目的是“更多地了解中国文化”。故填to know。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：她还沉浸在那些充满活力的城市、古老的建筑以及令人惊叹的自然景观之中。“lively cities”、“ancient buildings”与“impressive natural sights”为并列关系，需用并列连词and。故填and。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：通过研究中国的历史和哲学，她得以深入了解塑造该文化的价值观和信仰体系。此处特指“中国文化”，前文已明确提及，需用定冠词the表特指。故填the。 【42题详解】 考查时态。句意：任表示，作为在创新和科技领域处于全球领先地位的国家，中国近年来在全球范围内备受瞩目，尤其是在人工智能和电子商务等领域。时间状语in recent years是现在完成时的标志，主语China为单数，助动词用has。故填has gained。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：任表示，作为在创新和科技领域处于全球领先地位的国家，中国近年来在全球范围内备受瞩目，尤其是在人工智能和电子商务等领域。此处需用副词修饰介词短语“in areas such as...”，表示 “尤其在……领域”，particular的副词形式为particularly。故填particularly。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：随着更多突破的取得，中国如今在全球范围内已占据领先地位。in the lead意为“处于领先地位”。故填in。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：专家们中有很大一部分认为，这种技术进步将进一步增强中国在国际社会中的地位。形容词strong后需接名词，argue的名词形式为argument，且前面有不定冠词a，用单数形式。故填argument。 第三节 单词填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 用括号内的汉语或单词的正确形式完成下列句子。 46. It ________ (strike) him that he didn’t get the scholarship because of his poor academic performance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】struck 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他突然想到，他因为学习成绩不好而没有得到奖学金。It strikes sb. that...为固定句型，意为“某人突然想到……”。本空为主句谓语，根据didn’t get可知，主句描述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，谓语动词用strike的过去式struck。故填struck。 47. A lot of survivors ________ (rescue) by the soldiers in the earthquake-stricken area since yesterday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been rescued 【解析】 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：自昨天以来，许多幸存者已被地震灾区的士兵救出。根据时间状语since yesterday可知，rescue“拯救”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语survivors和rescue为被动关系，需用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have been rescued。 48. Tom gave the police a detailed ______ (描述) of his stolen car. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】description##account 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：汤姆向警察详细描述了他被偷汽车的情况。形容词detailed后接名词形式。名词“描述”英文为description/account，根据不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填description/account。 49. She was so nervous that she couldn’t ________ (呼吸) freely. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】breathe 【解析】 【详解】考查动词原形。句意：她紧张得喘不过气来。根据汉语提示可知应用动词breathe，作谓语，且情态动词couldn't后跟动词原形。故填breathe。 50. It is a ______ (demand) role and she needs to work hard at it. 【答案】demanding 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一个高要求的角色，她需要努力。修饰名词role应用形容词demanding，意为“要求高的”，故填demanding。 51. Chinese food is famous for its wide _______ (多样性). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】variety 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：中国菜以种类繁多而闻名。形容词修饰名词，根据汉语提示可知，“多样性”是variety。故填variety。 52. In my opinion, playing tame games outdoors with your friends is an ________ (effect) way to get rid of anger.(所给词适当形式填空) 【答案】effective 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在我看来，和你的朋友在户外玩温和的游戏是消除愤怒的有效方法。本空修饰名词way，用形容词effective“有效的”，作前置定语。故填effective。 53. If you find it hard to face difficulties, you’d better list all your___________ (strong) and weaknesses first. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】strengths 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你发现很难面对困难，你最好先列出你所有的优点和缺点。此处与and后weaknesses为并列关系，作句子的宾语，应用名词strength“优点”，可数名词，由all可知，应用复数形式。故填strengths。 54. Lily got ________ (受伤) in the Sports Meeting, so we sent her to the hospital soon.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】injured 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：莉莉在运动会上受伤了，所以我们很快就把她送到了医院。根据汉语提示“受伤”可知，此处为形容词injured，作got的表语。故填injured。 55. He showed great courage and ________ (决心) in the face of obstacles. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】determination 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：面对障碍，他表现出了极大的勇气和决心。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“决心”应用determination，为不可数名词，在本句中作宾语。故填determination。 56. ________ (bury) in study, he didn’t notice that all the others had left. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】Buried 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他埋头学习，没有注意到其他人都走了。be buried in埋头于，专心于，在句中作状语，所以用过去分词作状语。根据句意，故填Buried。 57. The dancer stepped ________ (优雅) onto the stage and bowed to the audience.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】elegantly 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：舞者优雅地走上舞台，向观众鞠躬。根据汉语提示“优雅”可知，本空用副词elegantly，修饰动词stepped，作状语。故填elegantly。 58. The building ________ (destroy) completely by fire in 2010.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was destroyed 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这栋建筑在2010年被大火完全烧毁。根据时间状语in 2010可知，本句描述过去的动作，应用一般过去时，主语the building和destroy“破坏”为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语The building为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was destroyed。 59. Many students are busy ________ (竞争) in the school’s English speech contest to improve their public speaking skills. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】competing 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：许多学生忙于参加学校的英语演讲比赛，以提高他们的公开演讲技能。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词compete，be busy (in) doing sth.为固定短语，意为“忙于做某事”，空处需填动名词competing，作宾语。故填competing。 60. We need to hold back ________(globe) warming and prepare for its bad effects．（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】global　 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们需要阻止全球变暖，并为其不良影响做好准备。所填的词修饰名词warming，所以用形容词作为定语。根据提示，故填global。 第四部分：写作（满分25分） 61. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生的体育运动情况。请给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1.学校体育场馆； 2.主要的运动项目； 3.你喜欢的项目。 注意： (1)写作词数应为120个左右； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear Peter, I’m glad to receive your letter asking about the sports situation in our school. Our school has a large gymnasium where we can play basketball and have physical education classes. There’s also a big football field outside. What’s more, there are several tennis courts and a swimming pool, which offer us various choices for sports. The main sports we play are football, basketball, tennis and running. Football is the most popular one. Many students join the football club after school. As for me, I like basketball best. I think it’s exciting and can help me build up my strength. What I enjoy most is that when I play basketball with my friends, we can have a great time together. I hope this gives you a good idea of the sports in our school. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给英国朋友Peter写一封回信，介绍学校体育场馆、主要运动项目以及自己喜爱的运动项目。 【详解】1.词汇积累 询问：ask → inquire 各种各样的：various → a variety of 令人兴奋的：exciting → thrilling 一起：together → jointly 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：I’m glad to receive your letter asking about the sports situation in our school. 拓展句：Receiving your letter asking about the sports situation in our school, I feel glad. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Our school has a large gymnasium where we can play basketball and have physical education classes.（运用了where引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】What’s more, there are several tennis courts and a swimming pool, which offer us various choices for sports.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $