Unit 1 People of Achievement Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time 同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Part 3　Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time 基础过关练 Ⅰ.熟词生义 1.The rules no longer obtain, so you don’t have to consider them.词性:　　　　;词义:　　　　  2.While the project is novel, the approach it reflects—known as reminiscence therapy (回忆疗法)—is common in clinical practice.词性:　　　　;词义:　　　　  3.Back when science—then called “the new philosophy”—took shape, academics looked to craftsmen for help in understanding the natural world.词性:　　　　;词义:　　　　  Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.What impressed me most was that students had a strong passion 　　　　　 English in the event held last week.  2.At the end of the speech, he summed 　　　　　 the main points clearly to ensure that he could be fully understood.  3.As I grew into adulthood, that simple, deep happiness 　　　　　(gradual) disappeared.  4.Fascinated by the 　　　　　(remark) performances, the audience present enjoyed every second of the concert and responded with thunderous applause.  5.After the new leader came 　　　　　 power, he took 　　　　　 a position in the Ministry of Education.   6.But these skilled predators (捕食者) live alone and 　　　　　(consequent) lack culture.   7.The teacher urged students to insist on 　　　　　(read) English aloud every morning.  8.Jack 　　　　　 that his English teacher helped a lot with his spoken English, so he wrote a letter in 　　　　　 of her sincere help last night.(acknowledge)  9.Our teacher treats us as though we 　　　　　(be) her own children, so all the students in our class love and respect her.   10.I like to go to the amusement park, 　　　　　 many activities are available for visitors to enjoy.   Ⅲ.完成句子 1.采摘橘子时,我意识到农民在地里干活是多么辛苦。(状语从句的省略) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, I realized how hard it was for farmers to work in the fields.   2.这个男孩嘀咕着什么,好像没有听说过这件事一样。(虚拟语气) The boy muttered something,as though　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　 this thing.   3.总之,无论遇到什么困难,我们都决不承认失败。(summarize, circumstance ) 　　　　 　　　　, no matter what difficulties we encounter, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　shall we 　　　　 　　　　.  4.If the weather permits, we will pay a visit to the Great Wall this afternoon.(句式升级,独立主格) →　　　　 　　　　, we will pay a visit to the Great Wall this afternoon.   5.由于受伤,他不得不放弃这场比赛,这很令人沮丧。(一句多译,consequence) ①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, he had to give up this competition, which was depressing.   ②He was injured, and　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, he had to give up this competition, which was depressing.  能力提升练 Ⅰ.课文语法填空 Albert Einstein, a genius well known for the theory of relativity, is 　1　(universal) considered the greatest scientist in modern physics. Born 　2　 14 March 1879, Einstein tried to enter university in Switzerland when he was 16, but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the 　3　(enter) exam, though he did succeed in obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics. It was in 1896 　4　 he managed to pass the exam. While 　5　(work) in the Swiss patent office, he continued to study and earned a doctorate in physics in 1905. Four years later he quit the job and 　6　(be) committed to full-time research at a university. In 1922, he 　7　(award) the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.   Sadly,the great genius had to flee Germany in 1933, 　8　 Hitler came to power. After spending time in Europe, he finally took up 　9　 position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA, and he continued 　10　(make) great achievements in physics and mathematics.  1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　   6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　   Ⅱ.语法填空 Zu Chongzhi was a famous and remarkable mathematician and scientist in ancient China. He lived in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. When he was young, he had 　1　 broad range of interests, such as 　2　(nature) science and philosophy. And he was interested in mathematics, astronomy and machinery. The achievement Zu Chongzhi made in the calculation (计算) of pi has been 　3　(international) acknowledged.  Liu Hui, a mathematician in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, proposed a way 　4　(work) out the value (pi)—the cyclotomic method (割圆术). Based on the earlier research, Zu Chongzhi came to the conclusion that pi falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927 after more than 1,000 　5　(time) of calculation. He also 　6　(put) forward the viewpoint that the approximate value of pi is 355/113, which is called “milü”. It boosted the calculation of pi to a new phase. It was more than 1,000 years before the Western mathematicians calculated the same value. Thus pi is also called “zulü” 　7　 memory of him.  Besides the achievement in pi, he wrote the book Zhui Shu,　8　 gathered his accomplishments in mathematics and 　9　(take) as a teaching material during the Tang Dynasty. And he also made a great 　10　(contribute) to astronomy and machinery.  1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　  6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　   Ⅲ.阅读理解 The famous American poet Robert Frost once said, “Poetry is what gets lost in translation.” But Xu Yuanchong, a well-known Chinese translator, had tried to convey the beauty of ancient Chinese poetry throughout his life. His teacher Qian Zhongshu commented on his poetry translation, “You are dancing while chained by rhyme(押韵) and rhythm, but the dance shows amazing and extraordinary freedom and beauty, which is quite impressive.” Since 1978, Xu had published more than 100 translated works in Chinese, English and French, reaching millions of readers at home and abroad. Most notably, he translated Chinese poems into rhymed verses in both English and French. He was also the first Asian winner of the Aurora Borealis Prize for Outstanding Translation of Fiction Literature. Xu was known to be very fastidious in his work. For him, English is a “scientific” language that needs exactness while Chinese is an “artistic” language that includes a wider range of contents. Following this principle, Xu kept not only faithfulness in the sense but beauty in sensibility in his translation. Through Xu’s translations, time-honored Chinese wisdom has made an impact on Western societies and the world. For example, when former US President Barack Obama tried to begin a healthcare project during his presidency, some senators(参议员) disagreed at first. But after reading the poem titled Fishing in Snow translated by Xu, one senator was so impressed with the fisherman’s independent thinking that he chose to part with the party line to support Obama. Having made such great achievements, Xu maintained a routine. Every day he translated about 1,000 words, working till 3a.m. to 4 a.m., sleeping for about 3 hours and getting up at 6 a.m. to continue.“Translation is a vital means of communicating with the writer’s soul. A sudden flicker(闪现) of a good word or a good line thrills every pore (毛孔) and every inch of my skin,” Xu said. 1.What does the text tell us about Xu Yuanchong? A.He mastered at least three foreign languages. B.He translated about 100 Chinese works into English. C.He was the first winner of the Aurora Borealis Prize. D.He was widely known for his translated rhymed poems. 2.What does the underlined word “fastidious” in Paragraph 3 mean? A.Particular.　　　B.Satisfied.　　　C.Inventive.　　　D.Productive. 3.Why does the author give the example in Paragraph 4? A.To recommend Xu’s translation works.　　B.To stress the charm of Chinese poetry. C.To show Xu’s great translation skills.　　D.To prove the wisdom of the ancient Chinese. 4.Which of the following words can best describe Xu? A.Thoughtful and modest.　　B.Generous and objective. C.Creative and open-minded.　　D.Enthusiastic and hard-working. Ⅳ.七选五 Maybe you’re a young scientist wanting to have an influence on the world, or a more seasoned veteran of scientific study who is curious about how to get better in your job. Either way, there are several crucial stTIF to develop your ability to make positive contributions to the world. Experiment with new ideas. An important part of scientific discovery is the result of hard work and luck. Luck has frequently played a major role in scientific discovery. 　1　 You never know when experimentation and luck will collide (碰撞) to create an important discovery.  Be open to failure. You may think a scientist should be smart, skilled in mathematics, and precise. 　2　 Being a scientist is 90% failure and 10% success.  Take charge of your ideas. Challenge yourself to come up with one idea related to your project a day. 　3　 As a scientist in a competitive field, you need to create your own opportunities by owning your ideas and working hard to develop them further.  Practice your writing skills. 　4　 Try to do a little writing every day, and put your ideas or thoughts down on paper so you get into the habit of recording your ideas, which could later end up in a published paper or in a lecture about your latest scientific theory.  　5　 Though hard work is necessary for you to be a remarkable scientist, it’s vital to strike a balance between professional work and personal downtime. Don’t let yourself get burnt out.  A.Keep a balance between hard work and rest. B.So, don’t be afraid to play around with new ideas. C.You will do better work if you work with someone else. D.Create a writing process that suits you and stick to it. E.You should be open to the solutions offered by others in the field. F.Though some of them will be bad, many could lead to a new experiment or theory. G.However, an important quality a good scientist should have is the willingness to fail. 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　  Ⅴ.读后续写 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文. Maddy’s daughter Cathy suffered from a condition called spina bifida (脊柱裂). She spent most of her life in a wheelchair, which made even the simplest tasks a tough challenge. One such challenge for Cathy was getting a haircut. As Maddy’s neighbor, I witnessed the daily struggle firsthand and felt the urge to help. A hairstylist myself, I decided to visit Maddy’s home to cut Cathy’s hair. Little did I know this small act would light a spark within me. Through my visit, I realized that many others in our community had the same problem. Maddy explained the difficulties special groups of people encountered—the loud noises and strong smells in regular hair salons were too much for people with autism(自闭症). Also, just getting into a salon was tough for people in wheelchairs. Her words touched me, and I wondered if there was something more I could do to help. An idea began to form in my mind—I could open a special salon, a place where people with physical disabilities or psychological problems would feel more comfortable. It wouldn’t be tough to enter for people in wheelchairs; it would also have floors with different textures(纹理) to help those who can’t see well. To make the place even more comfortable, it would have calm music instead of loud pop songs. Toys and blankets would be on hand to help people stay calm. Hairstylists would use quiet hairdryers and soft voices. They would also learn how to help customers who don’t like others touching their hair. Most importantly, they would treat every customer with the same level of respect. The only issue was that I didn’t have the funds to make this dream a reality. As a hairstylist, I had limited savings. Maddy suggested, “How about organizing a community bazaar (义卖) in our neighborhood this Saturday to raise funds for the salon?” Her eyes shone with enthusiasm as she continued, “People love supporting good causes, and I’m sure many will join in to help create a place where everyone feels comfortable getting a haircut.” I nodded, recognizing the brilliance in her plan. 注意:续写词数应为 150个左右。 As Saturday approached,something changed in our neighborhood. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  Even after the end of the community bazaar,our neighbors’ support didn’t stop there. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　  答案 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.动词;存在　句意:这些规则不再存在,所以你不必考虑它们。 2.形容词;新颖的　句意:虽然这个项目很新颖,但它所反映的方法——被称为回忆疗法——在临床实践中很常见。 3.名词;学者 句意:回到当科学——当时被称为“新哲学”——成形时,学者们寻求工匠的帮助来理解自然世界。 Ⅱ.1.for　考查介词。have a passion for意为“酷爱”,是固定搭配。故填for。 2.up　考查固定短语。句意:演讲结束时,他清晰地总结了要点,以确保大家能够充分理解他。sum up 为固定搭配,意为“总结……”,故填up。 3.gradually　考查副词。设空处修饰谓语disappeared, 应用副词作状语。故填gradually。句意:当我长大成人时,那种简单而深刻的幸福逐渐消失了。 4.remarkable　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词performances,故填形容词remarkable。句意: 现场观众被精彩的表演吸引,享受着音乐会的每一秒,并以雷鸣般的掌声回应。 5.to;up　考查介词和副词。come to power和take up a position分别意为“掌权;上台”和“任职”。句意:新领导上台后,他在教育部任职。 6.consequently　考查副词。句意:但这些熟练的捕食者独自生活,因此缺乏文化。由语境可知,设空处作状语,故填副词consequently。 7.reading　考查动名词。insist on doing sth.意为“坚持做某事”。句意:老师敦促学生们每天早晨坚持朗读英语。 8.acknowledged;acknowledgement　考查动词时态和名词。句意:杰克承认他的英语老师在英语口语方面帮了他很大的忙,所以他昨晚写了一封信来感谢她真诚的帮助。第一空在句中为谓语,根据后面的helped和wrote的时态并结合语境可知,这里应用一般过去时,故第一空填过去式acknowledged。 短语in acknowledgement of...意为“为了感谢……”,故第二空填名词acknowledgement。 9.were　考查虚拟语气。句意:我们的老师像对待亲生儿女一样对待我们,所以我们班所有同学都很爱她、尊敬她。分析句子结构可知,设空处作as though从句的谓语,由句子结构可知,as though引导方式状语从句,且此处表示非真实情况,应用虚拟语气;根据treats及语境可知此处表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句应用一般过去时,be动词一般用were。故填were。 10.where　考查引导非限制性定语从句的关系副词。句意:我喜欢去游乐园,在那里游客可以享受很多活动。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the amusement park,将先行词带入从句后为“many activities are available for visitors to enjoy in the amusement park”,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填where。 Ⅲ.1.While/When picking oranges　2.he hadn􀆳t heard of 3.To summarize; under/in no circumstances; acknowledge defeat　4.Weather permitting　5.①As a consequence of his injury　②as a consequence 能力提升练 Ⅰ.1.universally　考查副词。设空处作状语,应用副词。故填universally。 2.on　考查介词。具体日期前面的介词要用on。 3.entrance　考查名词。the entrance exam意为“入学考试”,用名词作定语。 4.that　考查强调句。此处使用了强调句式,强调时间状语,故填that。 5.working　考查现在分词。“While working...”为状语从句的省略形式,省略了主语和be动词,补充完整为“While he was working...”。 6.was　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语Four years later及语境可知应该用一般过去时。主语为he,所以用was。此题注意不要受quit形式的干扰,quit在此处为过去式。 7.was awarded　考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。由时间状语In 1922可知用一般过去时;he与award之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。主语为第三人称单数形式,故填was awarded。 8.when　考查关系副词。句意:不幸的是,这个伟大的天才不得不在1933年逃离德国,在那个时候,希特勒上台。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词1933,将先行词带入定语从句后为“Hitler came to power in 1933”,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故用关系副词when。 9.a　考查冠词。take up a position意为“任职”。 10.to make/making　考查非谓语动词。continue to do/doing sth.意为“继续做某事”。故填to make或making。 Ⅱ.语篇解读　这是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了中国古代数学家、科学家祖冲之。 1.a　考查冠词。a broad range of interests表示“各种各样的兴趣”,故填不定冠词a。 2.natural　考查形容词。natural science意为“自然科学”。故填natural。 3.internationally　考查副词。设空处修饰has been acknowledged,应用副词,故填internationally。be internationally acknowledged意为“在国际上被承认”。句意:祖冲之在计算圆周率方面的成就已得到国际认可。 4.to work　考查动词不定式。句意:魏晋时期的数学家刘徽提出了一种计算圆周率的方法——割圆术。way意为“方法”时,用动词不定式作后置定语,故填to work。 5.times　考查名词复数。句意:祖冲之在前人研究的基础上,经过1,000多次计算,得出圆周率在3.1415926到3.1415927之间的结论。此处的time意为“次”,是可数名词,由“more than 1,000”可知应用复数形式。故填times。 6.put　考查时态。句意:他还提出了π的近似值为355/113的观点,这被称为“密率”。这里描述的是过去发生的动作,所以要用一般过去时。put的过去式为put,故填put。 7.in　考查介词。句意:因此,为了纪念他,圆周率也被称为“祖率”。in memory of意为“为纪念……”。故填in。 8.which　考查定语从句。逗号前主谓宾结构完整,空后是动词gathered,且由语境可知动词gathered的主语即空前的名词Zhui Shu,所以设空处引导非限制性定语从句,关系词在定语从句中作主语,指物,故填which。句意:除了在圆周率方面的成就外,他还写了《缀术》这本书,该书汇集了他在数学方面的成就,并在唐朝被作为教材。 9.was taken　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知,在which引导的定语从句中,and连接两个并列的谓语(即设空处与前面的gathered),关系词which指代先行词Zhui Shu在从句中作主语,和动词take是被动关系,结合during the Tang Dynasty可知句子描述的是过去发生的事情,所以要用一般过去时的被动语态,主语表示单数意义,be动词用was。故填was taken。 10.contribution　考查名词。make a great contribution to意为“对……做出巨大贡献”,故填contribution。 Ⅲ.语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国著名翻译家许渊冲对于翻译的贡献。 1.D　细节理解题。 根据第二段内容可知,自1978年以来,许渊冲已出版了100多部中英法翻译作品,在国内外拥有数百万读者。尤其是他将中国诗翻译成英语和法语的押韵诗。所以他以翻译押韵诗而广为人知。故选D。选项中的poems与文中的verses为同义表达,都表示“诗”。 2.A　词义猜测题。画线词所在句的意思是:人们知道,许渊冲在他的作品中非常　　　。后文讲到,对他来说,英语是一种“科学的”语言,需要精确,而汉语是一种“艺术的”语言,包含更广泛的内容。遵循这个原则,他在翻译中既保持了意义上的忠实,又保持了鉴赏上的美。由此可推知,他在翻译时是极其严谨和注重细节的,particular意为“讲究的,挑剔的”,符合语境。故选A。  3.C　推理判断题。第四段第一句讲到,通过许渊冲的翻译作品,古老的中国智慧对西方社会和世界产生了影响。后文举的例子正是许渊冲翻译的诗对西方的影响,由此可知举例是为了说明许渊冲的翻译技巧之高。故选C。 4.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句可知,许渊冲每天翻译大约1,000个词,工作到凌晨3、4点,睡3个小时左右,早上6点起床继续工作。由此可推知,他对工作非常刻苦努力(hard-working);根据最后一段他说的话可知,在他看来,翻译是与作者心灵交流的一种方式。突然闪现的一个好词或句子让他的每一个毛孔和每一寸皮肤都兴奋不已。由此可知,许渊冲热衷(enthusiastic)于翻译事业。故选D。A.深思熟虑且谦逊的;B.慷慨且客观的;C.富有创造力且思想开明的。 Ⅳ.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章为想要为世界做出积极贡献的从事科学研究工作的人提供了几个培养能力的关键方法。 1.B　细节句。根据本段主旨句“Experiment with new ideas.(尝试新想法)”再结合选项可知B项(所以,不要害怕玩弄新的想法)符合本段主旨,B选项中的“new ideas”和主旨句中的“new ideas”对应,是原词复现,且B项和空上句“运气在科学发现中经常扮演重要角色”构成因果关系,符合语境。故选B。 2.G　过渡句。根据空上句“你可能认为科学家应该聪明,擅长数学,而且细致”和空下句“作为一个科学家,失败占90%,成功占10%”再结合选项可知,G项(然而,一个优秀的科学家应该具备的一个重要品质是愿意失败)承上启下,对空上句进行语意上的转折,说明科学家也会失败,同时引出下文,进一步说明科学家失败是常事,符合语境。G项中的“fail”和下句中的“failure”对应。故选G。 3.F　细节句。空上句“Challenge yourself to come up with one idea related to your project a day.”建议努力想出各种点子。分析选项可知,F项(虽然其中一些会是不好的,但许多可能会促使一个新的实验或学说产生)符合本段主要内容,且与空上句衔接紧密。故选F。 4.D　细节句。根据主旨句“练习你的写作技巧”可知,D项(创造一个适合你的写作过程,并坚持下去)是对练习写作技能的具体说明,符合语境,“writing”是关键词。故选D。 5.A　主旨句。根据文章结构及其他段的主旨句位置可推知设空处为本段主旨句。根据本段中的“strike a balance between professional work and personal downtime(使专业工作和个人休息达到平衡)”和“Don􀆳t let yourself get burnt out.(别把自己累垮)”可知本段主要讨论要平衡工作和休息。A项(努力工作和休息之间要保持平衡)符合本段主旨。故选A。 Ⅴ. 写作指导 情节线 情感线 故事要素 Time 周六义卖的时候 同情怜悯Cathy的不幸 惊讶,难过 热心 对义卖的情况感到兴奋,对参与者感激 喜悦 感受到人与人之间的同情与关怀 Place 社区 Character I (Maddy􀆳s neighbor), Maddy, Cathy(Maddy􀆳s daughter) 情节 Background Cathy患有脊柱裂,对她来说,理发是一个挑战,作为她家的邻居,我目睹了她每天的挣扎,决定帮助她。 Beginning 在和Maddy的交谈中,我知道了社区中还有许多其他人遇到了同样的问题,于是我决定开一个特别的美发厅,帮助那些身心有残疾的人。 Development 由于缺乏资金,我们想到周六在社区组织一个义卖活动来为美发厅筹集资金。 续写方向 Para. 1 As Saturday approached,something changed in our neighborhood. ①社区发生了什么变化?(景象描写) ②周围的邻居为此次义卖做了什么?(动作、场景描写) ③在此次义卖中,我和Cathy的感受如何? Para. 2 Even after the end of the community bazaar,our neighbors􀆳 support didn􀆳t stop there. ①义卖结束后,邻居们还为美发厅做了什么?(衔接第一句) ②美发厅创立后,我做了什么?(结合文章开头提到的Cathy) ③从此次义卖中,我得到的感悟是什么? One possible version: As Saturday approached,something changed in our neighborhood. The familiar streets became lively with colorful stalls, each offering different goods and crafts. The smell of freshly baked bread filled the air, and the sounds of laughter and cheerful chatter echoed in the air. Neighbors, young and old, flocked to the event, making contributions not only as buyers but also as sellers and volunteers. Our community bazaar, once just an idea, had blossomed into a real gathering with a shared purpose. Seeing how successful the event was, I felt excited and grateful. Judging from Maddy􀆳s smile, I knew she shared the same feeling with me. Even after the end of the community bazaar,our neighbors􀆳 support didn􀆳t stop there. Donations continued to flow in, and several local businesses reached out to us, offering to sponsor or donate materials for the salon. My heart would swell with joy every time I saw their enthusiastic smiles. After six months, we finally had enough funds to open our hair salon. I invited Cathy to be our first customer. As I watched the scissors cutting through the air, I realized it wasn􀆳t just a haircut for Cathy — it symbolized the sympathy and care of social members coming together to make a positive difference. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $