精品解析：湖北省黄冈市2025-2026学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题

2025年秋季高三年级期末考试 英语 本试卷共10页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3. 非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4. 考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读两遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Why can’t the man answer the phone? A. He is watering plants. B. He is cooking soup. C. He is busy shopping. 2. What does the woman think of hiking? A. Boring. B. Tiring. C. Enjoyable. 3. What does the man want to try after lunch? A. Burgers. B. Fries. C. Milkshakes. 4. What does the woman like about the yoga studio? A. The functional room. B. The friendly instructor. C. The cool environment. 5. What is across the street from the turning point? A. A flower shop. B. A bookstore. C. A bakery. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. Which gate is for Flight 832 on weekdays? A. Gate 14. B. Gate 16. C. Gate 19. 7. How long does the man have to get to the correct gate? A. 10 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 45 minutes. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. When did Paul move to the new apartment? A. Last month. B. Last week. C. Last year. 9. What is Anna’s mother doing now? A. She is teaching chemistry. B. She is retired and volunteering. C. She is working in a bank. 10. Where is Lisa living now? A. Near the library. B. In the neighborhood. C. In the city center. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. What advantage of online shopping does the man mention? A. Better quality products. B. Easy price comparison. C. No need to return items. 12. What problem did the woman have with online shopping? A. She got a broken watch and no refund. B The clothes she bought didn’t fit. C. The prices were higher than expected. 13. What does the woman prefer to do when shopping? A. Buy from random stores. B. Shop on trusted platforms. C. See products in person. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. What does Maria Clark do? A. A radio host. B. A community center staff. C. A little gardener. 15. How often are the organic farming workshops held? A. Every weekend. B. Every week. C. Every month. 16. What can be developed in the “Little Gardeners” club? A. A skill of independence. B. A sense of responsibility. C. A spirit of teamwork. 17. What is the goal of the community garden project? A. To teach farming skills. B. To encourage healthy eating. C. To strengthen community bonds. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. How old are the old stone cottages? A. Over 100 years old. B. Over 200 years old. C. Over 300 years old. 19. What did the speaker make for the project? A. Short stories about cottages. B. Posters of historic landmarks. C. Metal plates with building years. 20. What result has the project achieved? A. Developers have stopped building apartments. B. Some old homes have been repaired. C. All cottages have been rebuilt. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Many countries are considering reducing speed limits on motorways and in urban areas. Fuel savings and reductions in CO2 emissions are just two of the reasons for doing so. Fuel consumption decreases the slower you drive, because the moving car has to overcome fewer physical forces such as air resistance and rolling friction (摩擦) between tyres and road. Air resistance increases with the square of the speed. This means that a car experiences 28% more air resistance at a speed of 130km/h than at 110km/h. Slower speed is not the only way to reduce the CO2 emissions from your car. There are three automotive tips to help the climate else. STREAMLINE THE CAR 1. Unevenness (不均匀) increases the air resistance of your car, and so its CO2 emissions. Four open windows increase fuel consumption by up to 27%. GET UP THE GEARS (齿轮) QUICKLY 2. Petrol and diesel (柴油) cars should always be driven in the highest possible gear: the engine then has as few revolutions as possible. Fuel consumption between two gears can vary by up to 20%. MAINTAIN TYRE PRESSURE 3. Car tyres at the recommended pressure ensure ideal driving. If the tyre pressure drops to 75% pressure, fuel consumption increases by 2%. If it drops by half, the increase is as much as 10%. Here’s the breakdown of fuel consumption impact of driving habits and vehicle adjustments from the Federation of Danish Motorists (FDM). 1. Why does driving at a lower speed help cut fuel use? A. It weakens the physical forces the car must fight against. B. It changes the way air resistance affects the car. C. It lightens the weight of the moving vehicle. D. It makes the engine work at a higher speed. 2. What will happen if a car’s windows are wide open while driving? A. It’ll lower the car’s air resistance. B. It’ll reduce the car’s CO₂ emissions. C. It’ll lead to a sharp rise in fuel use. D. It’ll make the car run more smoothly. 3. What is the fuel-saving effect of reducing speed from 130km/h to 110km/h according to FDM data? A. 10%. B. 16%. C. Up to 20%. D. Nearly 28%. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了降低车速、优化车身设计、快速换挡及保持轮胎压力等可减少汽车燃油消耗和二氧化碳排放。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Fuel consumption decreases the slower you drive, because the moving car has to overcome fewer physical forces such as air resistance and rolling friction (摩擦) between tyres and road.(你开得越慢，燃油消耗就越少，因为行驶中的汽车需要克服的物理阻力就越少，比如空气阻力和轮胎与路面之间的滚动摩擦力)”可知，以较低的速度行驶有助于减少燃油消耗是因为它削弱了汽车必须对抗的物理力。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据STREAMLINE THE CAR部分中“Four open windows increase fuel consumption by up to 27%.(四个打开的窗户会使燃油消耗增加高达27%)”可知，如果开车时车窗大开，会导致燃油使用量急剧上升。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据图表中“Speed:130→110 km/h (Fuel/CO₂ Saving)(车速：130 →110公里/小时（燃油/二氧化碳节省）)”对应的“16%”可知，根据FDM的数据，将车速从130km/h降至110km/h的节油效果是16%。故选B。 B As one of 400-plus foreigners at my school — Thailand, France, and beyond — I belong to the International Division. In fact, most of the students on my campus are Chinese, and I interact with them daily through shared coursework and extracurricular activities, like sporting events, including an annual track and field meet and regular football matches. While English is the language of instruction in a few classes, most of us advance into higher-level courses conducted entirely in Chinese, which is also the language we speak in common. While the school has emphasized internationalization, including admitting foreign students and sustaining international connections, it’s done so while preserving Chinese values and academic rigor (严谨性). Perhaps contrary to some international perceptions, Chinese education has matured and followed a progressive curve in its development, finding better pathways to high performance, creativity and innovation, eschewing old models of rote (死记硬背) and repetition. Consequently, while we’re well-known for our strong exam scores, which remains a baseline we all strive to support, we should also be known as a school where kids keep guitars and basketballs close at hand, and where students form bands and teams to play on and off campus. Above all we should be known as a school devoted to developing healthy minds and bodies, always ready to cooperate and compete. Recently a group of seven of my friends came home with me after school to have a home cooked meal. We enjoyed a variety of dishes, piled with fruit, cheese and spicy Thai noodles. Afterwards, I brought out a big chocolate cake and we covered it with candles, singing “Happy Birthday” for my grandma back in America in five different languages. Her eyes brimmed with tears of happiness as she watched us online. 4. What is the common communication language among the students? A. English. B. Chinese. C. Thai. D. French. 5. What does the underlined word “eschewing” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Abandoning. B. Adopting. C. Improving. D. Exploring. 6. What can we infer about the author’s school life? A. It prioritizes exam scores. B. It focuses on rote learning. C. It balances academics and extracurriculars. D. It gives up Chinese values for internationalization. 7. What does the author want to show through the birthday story? A. Online birthday celebrations are more touching. B. Home-cooked meals are popular among students. C. The students are good at singing in different languages. D. The school’s internationalization promotes cross-cultural bonds. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为国际部学生在中国学校的经历，包括语言学习、学校生活及跨文化交流。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“While English is the language of instruction in a few classes, most of us advance into higher-level courses conducted entirely in Chinese, which is also the language we speak in common.(虽然有少数课程采用英语授课，但我们中的大部分人升入高年级后，所学课程就全部转为中文教学了 —— 中文也是我们日常交流的通用语言。)”可知，中文是学生们之间交流的共同语言。故选B。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Perhaps contrary to some international perceptions, Chinese education has matured and followed a progressive curve in its development, finding better pathways to high performance, creativity and innovation, eschewing old models of rote (死记硬背) and repetition.(或许与一些国际社会对中国教育的固有印象不同，如今的中国教育已经日趋成熟，发展进程稳步向前，探索出了能够兼顾高效学习成效、培养创新创造能力的优质路径，eschewing过去死记硬背、机械重复的陈旧模式。)”可知，中国教育已经成熟，在发展中遵循进步的曲线，找到了实现高绩效、创造力和创新的更好途径，因此抛弃了旧的死记硬背和重复的模式。故eschewing意思是“抛弃”。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Consequently, while we’re well-known for our strong exam scores, which remains a baseline we all strive to support, we should also be known as a school where kids keep guitars and basketballs close at hand, and where students form bands and teams to play on and off campus.(因此，虽然我们以优异的考试成绩而闻名，这仍然是我们所有人都努力支持的基准，但我们也应该被认为是一所孩子们随身携带吉他和篮球的学校，一所学生们组成乐队和团队在校园内外表演的学校。)”可推知，作者学校生活兼顾学术和课外活动。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Recently a group of seven of my friends came home with me after school to have a home cooked meal. We enjoyed a variety of dishes, piled with fruit, cheese and spicy Thai noodles. Afterwards, I brought out a big chocolate cake and we covered it with candles, singing “Happy Birthday” for my grandma back in America in five different languages. Her eyes brimmed with tears of happiness as she watched us online.(最近，放学后，我的七个朋友和我一同回家吃了一顿家常饭。我们享用了各种菜肴，堆满了水果、奶酪和辣味泰国面条。之后，我拿出一个大巧克力蛋糕，上面插上蜡烛，我们用五种不同的语言为我在美国的奶奶唱“生日快乐”。当她在网上看着我们时，她的眼睛里充满了幸福的泪水。)”可推知，作者想通过生日故事说明学校的国际化促进了跨文化联系。故选D。 C We know that some animals live longer than others, but we do not yet fully understand why. Researchers have previously identified brain size and metabolic (新陈代谢) rates as factors that can vary lifespan, but now evolutionary researchers from the UK’s University of Bath have found another factor, and it’s one that could be key to understanding why cats tend to live longer than dogs. “Our study reveals the surprising role played by the immune system-not just in fighting disease, but also in supporting longevity across a wide range of mammals,” says Benjamin from the University of Bath’s Centre for Evolution. The research does not dismiss the other reasons, rather suggesting longevity is a combination of factors. The researchers investigated the maximum lifespan of 46 different mammalian species, comparing the animals’ genes. The team studied dolphins, which can live for up to 39 years, and other whales that live for up to 100 years, but they also looked into smaller animals such as mice, which typically live for only one to two years. The results showed that certain small animals live longer than expected, such as naked mole rats, which can live 20 years despite a small size and brain. The species that live the longest had more genes associated with their immune system, according to the researchers; the team believes that a strong immune system acts to eliminate damaged cells, while also fighting infections and preventing disease. Cats are gifted with a strong natural immunity through a diverse set of immune-related genes, whereas the selective breeding of dogs has left some breeds with inherited immune deficiencies (缺陷). The researchers now intend to look deeper into significant differences in the lifespans of different mammals by investigating specific genes that relate to cancer and other life-shortening diseases. 8. How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph? A. By quoting an expert. B. By defining a concept. C. By comparing findings. D. By providing statistics. 9. What did the University of Bath researchers focus on? A. Daily eating habits. B. Living environments. C. Genetic characteristics. D. Reproductive patterns. 10. Why does the author mention naked mole rats? A. To compare their lifespan with that of mice. B. To explain why small animals live shorter lives. C. To show naked mole rats have the longest lifespan. D. To prove size and brain size don’t determine lifespan. 11. What is the researchers’ next plan? A. To study the immune system of cats and dogs. B. To explore genes associated with severe diseases. C. To confirm the role of metabolic rates in lifespan. D. To investigate the effect of breeding on immunity. 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了巴斯大学的一项新研究，发现强大的免疫系统和相关基因是哺乳动物长寿的关键因素，这解释了为何猫通常比狗长寿。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“We know that some animals live longer than others, but we do not yet fully understand why. Researchers have previously identified brain size and metabolic (新陈代谢) rates as factors that can vary lifespan, but now evolutionary researchers from the UK’s University of Bath have found another factor, and it’s one that could be key to understanding why cats tend to live longer than dogs.(我们知道有些动物比其他动物活得更久，但我们尚未完全理解其中的原因。研究人员此前已确认脑容量和新陈代谢率是影响寿命的因素，但现在英国巴斯大学的进化研究人员发现了另一个因素，这可能是理解为什么猫往往比狗长寿的关键)”可知，作者在第一段通过对比分析结果提出这个问题。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The researchers investigated the maximum lifespan of 46 different mammalian species, comparing the animals’ genes.(研究人员对46种不同哺乳动物的最长寿命进行了研究，并对这些动物的基因进行了比较)”可知，巴斯大学的研究人员关注的是遗传特征。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The results showed that certain small animals live longer than expected, such as naked mole rats, which can live 20 years despite a small size and brain.(研究结果表明，某些小型动物的寿命比预期的要长，比如裸鼹鼠，尽管体型小且大脑较小，但它们的寿命却能长达20年)”可知，作者提及裸鼹鼠以证明体型和大脑大小并不能决定寿命。故选D。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The researchers now intend to look deeper into significant differences in the lifespans of different mammals by investigating specific genes that relate to cancer and other life-shortening diseases.(研究人员现在打算进一步探究不同哺乳动物寿命上的显著差异，为此他们将研究与癌症及其他缩短寿命的疾病相关的特定基因)”可知，研究人员接下来的计划是探索与严重疾病相关的基因。故选B。 D For the first time ever, a powerful laser (激光) beam from Earth has reportedly hit a target deep in space. It could be the key to lightning-fast space communication in the future. Imagine trying to aim at something a distance of a strand (股) of hair from a distance of 10km. That’s roughly equivalent to what Chinese researchers have achieved, using a laser in space to target a distant satellite orbiting the Moon. Aerospace engineers of the Beijing-based Academy of Sciences have struck a satellite with an infrared (红外) laser in broad daylight and across a distance of 130,000km. The powerful laser beam hit a reflector on Tiandu-1, a Chinese lunar navigation and communications test satellite, which was launched in March 2024: The signal was returned to Earth in less than a second, captured by a telescope in Yunnan in South-Western China. It is the first time ever that engineers have managed to accurately locate and measure a satellite so far away and to do so in daylight, when sunlight usually interferes with measurements. In similar earlier efforts, researchers had been able to collect data for only short periods of time. But by demonstrating that the technology also works in sunlight, the researchers have now shown that the method could enable much more frequent and accurate measurements in space. The method could also be used to revolutionize communications in space. Currently we use radio waves to send messages to places such as Mars, but lasers could send greatly increased quantities of data in the same time. The technology could pave the way for lightning-fast contact with future bases on the Moon — and perhaps one day on Mars. Stable laser links in space can reportedly send data to and from Earth up to 100 times faster than can radio waves, perhaps an important boost to communication with future astronauts on the Moon and Mars. 12. What did the Chinese researchers successfully make the laser beam reach? A. A lunar base under construction. B. A Mars exploration spacecraft. C. A reflective device on a test satellite. D. A ground telescope in Yunnan. 13. What makes the Chinese engineers’ achievement particularly remarkable? A. Locating a so-distant satellite precisely in daylight. B. Launching a Moon-orbiting satellite 130,000 km away. C. Getting the signal returned to Earth in a second. D. Using an infrared laser for the first time successfully. 14. What can be inferred about radio waves in space communication? A. They are unable to reach Mars from Earth. B. They will soon be replaced by laser technology. C. They have lower data transmission capacity than lasers. D They are more easily interfered with by sunlight than lasers. 15. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text? A. A Historic Laser Strike: Targeting the Moon B. Tiandu-1 Satellite: Bridging Earth and the Moon C. Radio Waves: The Future of Space Communication D. China’s Laser: A Leap for Deep-Space Communication 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国研究人员成功用激光束击中月球轨道上的测试卫星上的反射器，展示了激光在太空通信中的巨大潜力。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The powerful laser beam hit a reflector on Tiandu-1, a Chinese lunar navigation and communications test satellite, which was launched in March 2024: The signal was returned to Earth in less than a second, captured by a telescope in Yunnan in South-Western China.(这束强激光精准命中了2024年3月发射的中国月球导航与通信试验卫星“天都一号”上的反射器，信号在不到一秒的时间内传回地球，由中国西南部云南省的一台望远镜捕获。)”可知，中国研究人员成功让激光束到达了测试卫星上的反射装置。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“It is the first time ever that engineers have managed to accurately locate and measure a satellite so far away and to do so in daylight, when sunlight usually interferes with measurements.(这是工程师们首次成功在如此远的距离精确地定位和测量一颗卫星，并且是在白天进行的，而通常阳光会干扰测量。)”可知，中国工程师的成就特别显著之处在于在白天精确地定位了如此遥远的卫星。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Currently we use radio waves to send messages to places such as Mars, but lasers could send greatly increased quantities of data in the same time.(目前我们使用无线电波向火星等地发送信息，但激光可以在相同的时间内发送更多的数据。)”可知，在太空通信中，无线电波的数据传输能力比激光低。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“For the first time ever, a powerful laser (激光) beam from Earth has reportedly hit a target deep in space. It could be the key to lightning-fast space communication in the future.(据报道，有史以来第一次，来自地球的强大激光束击中了深空的一个目标。这可能是未来闪电般快速太空通信的关键。)”可知，文章主要讲述了中国研究人员成功用激光束击中月球轨道上的测试卫星上的反射器，激光技术推动深空通信发展，中国的激光技术为深空通信带来了飞跃。因此选项D“China’s Laser: A Leap for Deep-Space Communication(中国的激光：深空通信的一大飞跃)”最符合文章主旨。故选D。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Last Living Monet Every winter, the head gardener at Claude Monet’s garden in the tiny French village of Giverny sits down to a pile of seed lists’ for disappointment. Avisard knows he must grow at least 520,000 plants to recreate these historic grounds. But each year at least 10 seed varieties he selected the previous season will disappear.____16____ When Monet moved to Giverny in 1883, nurseries (苗圃) were covered with Victorian flowers. Many of his favored varieties have since gone extinct or been completely changed as people prefer both harder (耐寒的) plants and flowers with ever-increasing blooms. This season, Avisard is crazy about growing a taller pelargonium (天竺葵), a clumped-flower (簇状花) cousin to the geranium (老鹳草) that Monet famously planted in several red and pink beds in front of his pink house. “____17____” Avisard says. “To bring them back would be a resurrection (起死回生).” Head gardener since 2016 Avisard now leads a dozen gardeners, twice as many as Monet enlisted. ____18____ Wetter winters followed by hot, dry summers lead to earlier crowds of pests. In addition, the management of tourists poses a significant challenge. ____19____ “It’s complicated.” says Avisard, “____20____” He and Giverny’s gardeners seek to please a man they’ve never met by creating a space so identifiable that it reminds strangers of paintings they see hanging in museums the world over. As seeds disappear, the task only gets harder. “We want people to look out like Monet and see what he saw.” A. You can’t buy them anywhere. B. As with fashion, people’s tastes in flowers change. C. The tourists have to feel like they are in Monet’s paintings. D. These gardeners struggle with a wildly changing ecosystem. E. Monet’s garden symbolizes impressionist art and natural beauty. F. His work includes planting, researching and sourcing rare seeds. G. Nearly 800,000 visitors flock to the area every year between April and October. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了莫奈花园首席园丁Avisard为重现莫奈花园历史原貌，面临种子消失、生态系统变化及游客管理等诸多挑战，仍努力让游客感受如同置身莫奈画作中的故事。 【16题详解】 根据上文“But each year at least 10 seed varieties he selected the previous season will disappear(但每年他上一季挑选的至少10种种子品种会消失)”以及下文“Many of his favored varieties have since gone extinct or been completely changed as people prefer both harder (耐寒的) plants and flowers with ever - increasing blooms(他喜欢的许多品种此后已经灭绝或完全改变，因为人们更喜欢耐寒的植物和花朵越来越大的品种)”可知，前文提到每年有至少10种选定的种子品种消失，后文则指出莫奈时期的许多花卉品种因人们偏好耐寒、开花更多的品种而灭绝或被改变。B项“As with fashion, people’s tastes in flowers change(就像时尚一样，人们对花的品味也会改变)”起到了承上启下的作用，解释了花卉品种消失和改变的原因是人们的品味变化，符合语境，故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据前文“This season, Avisard is crazy about growing a taller pelargonium (天竺葵), a clumped - flower (簇状花) cousin to the geranium (老鹳草) that Monet famously planted in several red and pink beds in front of his pink house(这个季节，Avisard热衷于种植一种更高的天竺葵，这种簇状花是老鹳草的近亲，莫奈曾在他粉色房子前的几个红粉色花坛里种植过)”以及下文“To bring them back would be a resurrection (起死回生).( 将它们重新培育回来，无异于一次起死回生)”可知，前文提及阿维萨德热衷于培育一种莫奈曾种植的高株天竺葵，后文表示把它们带回来堪称起死回生，可推理出这种天竺葵现在很难买到，与A项“You can’t buy them anywhere(你在任何地方都买不到它们)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据前文“Wetter winters followed by hot, dry summers lead to earlier crowds of pests. In addition, the management of tourists poses a significant challenge(冬季潮湿，随后是炎热干燥的夏季，导致害虫提前大量出现。此外，游客管理也带来了重大挑战)”可知，前文介绍阿维萨德领导的园丁团队规模，后文则列举了潮湿冬季和干热夏季导致害虫提早滋生的问题。D项“These gardeners struggle with a wildly changing ecosystem(这些园丁与剧烈变化的生态系统作斗争)”作为过渡句，点明园丁们面临的核心难题是生态系统的剧烈变化，符合语境，故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据前文“In addition, the management of tourists poses a significant challenge(此外，游客管理也带来了重大挑战)”可知，前文提出游客管理也带来了重大挑战，G项“Nearly 800,000 visitors flock to the area every year between April and October(每年4月至10月，近80万游客涌入该地区)”用具体的游客数量数据支撑这一观点，解释了游客管理难度大的原因，具体说明游客管理方面的挑战，符合语境，故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据前文““It’s complicated.” says Avisard(“这很复杂。”阿维萨尔说道)”以及后文“He and Giverny’s gardeners seek to please a man they’ve never met by creating a space so identifiable that it reminds strangers of paintings they see hanging in museums the world over (他和吉维尼的园丁们试图通过创造一个如此独特的空间来取悦一个他们从未见过的人，这个空间能让陌生人想起他们在世界各地博物馆里看到的画作)”可知，前文阿维萨德说“这很复杂”，后文则说明园丁们的目标是打造辨识度高的空间，让游客联想到博物馆里的莫奈画作。C项“The tourists have to feel like they are in Monet’s paintings(游客们必须感觉他们置身于莫奈的画作中)”点明了“复杂”之处的核心目标，即让游客获得身临其境的体验，符合语境，故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A massive storm broke the town’s sea walls, pouring water into the streets. Thomas watched the water rise from nothing to his ankles in minutes. He hurried to ____21____ his neighbors in the small six-unit building where he lived. Thomas banged on the door of an elderly neighbor who was getting ready to leave. He helped the old man get into his car. Thomas also woke two other neighbors, who quickly ____22____ into their own car with their pets. Soon, they sped away, with water almost reaching their car lights. Thomas picked a ____23____ 12-foot paddleboard (浆板). He put some ____24____ into a backpack, attached a flashlight and paddle, then slid up on the board. He ____25____ paddled through the dark, flooded streets. When he was tying his board to a tree in deep water, a woman ____26____ to him from a balcony. She pointed to a small apartment across a flooded ____27____ and said, “A woman is trapped there! Will you go and ____28____ her?” “I will,” Thomas shouted back. He ____29____ his paddleboard and went to the building. Inside, 56-year-old teacher Valerie Anderson was ____30____ with her big dog. The water level kept rising, but Anderson didn’t dare to escape alone. The fast water and hidden objects outside could make her slip and be carried away. Thomas ____31____ the door, but the immense weight of the water made it hard to open. “Go to the side window!” he called. Anderson opened the window. Thomas struggled through the water to her room, climbed in, and helped her and her dog out. From nearby balconies, neighbors shone flashlights to ____32____ them to safety. At last, Thomas put his paddleboard away. He was glad he had ____33____ a few beers in his backpack before leaving his ____34____. Tomorrow, they would clean up. But tonight, he had saved his ____35____ in the town where he grew up. 21. A. convince B. warn C. evaluate D. spot 22. A. looked B. dipped C. piled D. dug 23. A. trapped B. hidden C. delicate D. tough 24. A. valuables B. instruments C. lights D. pets 25. A. gently B. slightly C. deliberately D. quickly 26. A. smiled B. turned C. shouted D. pointed 27. A. street B. park C. balcony D. lake 28. A. turn down B. check on C. appeal to D. cut off 29. A. lowered B. repaired C. untied D. expanded 30. A. stuck B. occupied C. content D. bored 31. A. opened B. tried C. shut D. broke 32. A. follow B. protect C. pull D. guide 33. A. bought B. downloaded C. generated D. stored 34. A. apartment B. safety C. paddleboard D. danger 35. A. friends B. family C. neighbors D. teachers 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在洪水来临时，Thomas勇敢救助邻居的英勇事迹。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他急忙去警告他居住的六单元小楼里的邻居们。A. convince说服；B. warn警告；C. evaluate评估；D. spot发现。根据上文“A massive storm broke the town’s sea walls, pouring water into the streets. Thomas watched the water rise from nothing to his ankles in minutes. He hurried to”和下文“his neighbors”可知，洪水即将来袭，Thomas的行为是警告邻居避险。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Thomas还叫醒了另外两位邻居，他们很快就带着宠物挤进了自己的车里。A. looked看；B. dipped浸；C. piled堆积；D. dug挖。根据前文“He helped the old man get into his car. Thomas also woke two other neighbors, who quickly”和后文“into their own car with their pets”可知，前文描述他帮助老人上了他的车，此处指邻居带着宠物匆忙逃生，也挤进了车里，应用pile into为固定搭配，意为“挤进”。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Thomas挑选了一块结实的12英尺长的桨板。A. trapped受困的；B. hidden隐藏的；C. delicate易碎的；D. tough结实的。根据后文“12-foot paddleboard”可知，桨板需要在洪水之中载人前行，必须足够坚固耐用。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把一些贵重物品放进背包，装上手电筒和桨，然后滑上桨板。A. valuables贵重物品；B. instruments仪器；C. lights灯；D. pets宠物。根据前文“He put some”和后文“into a backpack”以及常识可知，救援时背包里放的是贵重物品。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他迅速地在黑暗的、被洪水淹没的街道上划桨。A. gently温柔地；B. slightly轻微地；C. deliberately故意地；D. quickly快速地。根据后文“paddled through the dark, flooded streets”可知，情况紧急，所以是迅速地划桨。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他在深水里把桨板系在树上时，一个女人从阳台上向他大喊。A. smiled微笑；B. turned转弯；C. shouted喊叫；D. pointed指着。根据后文“to him from a balcony. She pointed to a small apartment across a flooded ____ and said, “A woman is trapped there! Will you go and ____ her?””可知，女人在阳台上，距离较远，所以女人需要远距离向Thomas求救，因此用呼喊的方式。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她指着被洪水淹没的街道对面的一间小公寓说：“有个女人被困在那里了！你去看看她好吗？”A. street街道；B. park公园；C. balcony阳台；D. lake湖。根据上文“paddled through the dark, flooded streets”、“She pointed to a small apartment across a flooded”可知，他在黑暗的、被洪水淹没的街道上划桨，所以此处指被洪水淹没的街道。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：你去看看她好吗？A. turn down拒绝；B. check on查看，核实（是否安全）；C. appeal to呼吁；D. cut off切断。根据上文“A woman is trapped there! Will you go and”可知，有一个女人被困，所以说话的人请求对方去看看她。check on既包含“确认情况”的含义，又隐含“提供帮助”的意图，符合语境，故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解开桨板，向大楼走去。A. lowered降低；B. repaired修理；C. untied解开；D. expanded扩大。根据前文“When he was tying his board to a tree in deep water”和后文“his paddleboard and went to the building”可知，Thomas此前将桨板系在了树上，现在需要解开才能出发救人。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在里面，56岁的教师Valerie Anderson和她的大狗被困住了。A. stuck卡住的，被困的；B. occupied忙碌的；C. content满意的；D. bored厌倦的。根据前文““A woman is trapped there!”、“56-year-old teacher Valerie Anderson was”、后文“The water level kept rising, but Anderson didn’t dare to escape alone.”可知，前文描述有人喊话说有个女人被困，后文描述Anderson不敢独自逃跑，所以此处指Valerie Anderson和她的大狗被困住了。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Thomas试着打开门，但巨大的水压使门很难打开。A. opened打开；B. tried尝试；C. shut关闭；D. broke打破。根据后文“the door, but the immense weight of the water made it hard to open”可知，Thomas试着打开门，但是没有成功。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从附近的阳台上，邻居们用手电筒指引他们到达安全地带。A. follow跟随；B. protect保护；C. pull拉；D. guide指导。根据前文“neighbors shone flashlights to”和后文“them to safety”可知，手电筒的作用是照亮道路、指引方向，帮助 Thomas和Anderson逃生。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很高兴在离开公寓前在背包里存放了几瓶啤酒。A. bought买；B. downloaded下载；C. generated产生；D. stored存放，储存。根据前文“He put some ____ into a backpack”和后文“a few beers in his backpack before leaving”可知，指在背包里存放了几瓶啤酒，应用stored。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他很高兴在离开公寓前在背包里放了几瓶啤酒。A. apartment公寓；B. safety安全；C. paddleboard桨板；D. danger危险。根据上文“He hurried to ____ his neighbors in the small six-unit building where he lived”“before leaving his”可知，他住在公寓里，所以是离开公寓前在背包里放了几瓶啤酒。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但今晚，他在他长大的小镇上救了他的邻居。A. friends朋友；B. family家人；C. neighbors邻居；D. teachers老师。根据上文“He hurried to ____ his neighbors in the small six-unit building where he lived”和“But tonight, he had saved his”可知，指Thomas救了邻居。故选C。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the hustle and bustle of modern life — where people often chase extreme success, argue over opposing views, ____36____ struggle with work-life imbalance — an ancient Chinese wisdom called the “Doctrine of the Mean” (Zhongyong) offers a precious guide. ____37____ (originate) from Confucianism, this philosophy emphasizes “moderation,” “balance,” and “harmony,” teaching people to avoid extremes and seek a middle way in all aspects of life. Contrary to the misunderstanding that it means “being ordinary” or “doing nothing,” the Confucian “Zhongyong” ____38____ (refer) to a state of “appropriate action” — doing the right thing, at the right time, in the right way. It was first ____39____ (systematic) clarified in the Confucian classic The Doctrine of the Mean, ____40____ states: “The mean is the highest virtue.” For Confucians, the “mean” is not a compromise between two extremes, but a harmonious integration of different elements. Today, as we face unprecedented challenges — from personal anxiety ____41____ global conflicts — the “Doctrine of the Mean” offers a timeless ____42____ (solve) ; seek balance, avoid extremes, and pursue harmony. It reminds us that the most sustainable happiness does not come from extreme success or endless desire, but from a balanced life; the ____43____ (stable) relationships do not come from blind agreement or constant conflict, but from mutual respect and compromise; the most prosperous society does not come from one-sided development or rigid rules, but from the harmonious coexistence of different elements. The “Doctrine of the Mean” is more than just an ancient Confucian concept — it’s a living wisdom that connects traditional Chinese culture to modern life. It teaches us to slow down in a fast-paced world, to listen in a noisy world, and ____44____ (balance) in an extreme world. In the end, the significance of the “Doctrine of the Mean” in modern society lies in its ability to help us find peace within ____45____ (we), build harmonious relationships, and create a better world for everyone. 【答案】36. or 37. Originating 38. refers 39. systematically 40. which 41. to 42. solution 43. most stable##stablest 44. to balance 45. ourselves 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了儒家“中庸之道”的内涵及其在现代社会中的意义和价值。 【36题详解】 考查连词。句意：在现代生活的喧嚣中——人们常常追逐极端的成功，为对立的观点争论不休，或者与工作与生活的失衡作斗争——一种被称为“中庸之道”的中国古代智慧提供了宝贵的指导。本空连接三个并列的谓语部分chase extreme success、argue over opposing views、struggle with work-life imbalance，表选择关系，用连词or连接。故填or。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这一哲学源于儒家思想，强调“适度”、“平衡”和“和谐”，教导人们在生活的各个方面避免极端，寻求中间道路。本句已有谓语动词emphasizes，所以originate“起源于”用非谓语形式，originate和逻辑主语this philosophy之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Originating。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：与“中庸”意味着“平庸”或“无所事事”的误解相反，儒家的“中庸”指的是一种“适当行动”的状态——在正确的时间，以正确的方式做正确的事情。refer to“指的是”。本句陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语the Confucian “Zhongyong”为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词也用单数形式。故填refers。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：它最早在儒家经典《中庸》中被系统地阐明，其中指出：“中庸是至高无上的美德。”本空修饰动词clarified，应用副词systematically“系统地”，作状语。故填systematically。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它最早在儒家经典《中庸》中被系统地阐明，其中指出：“中庸是至高无上的美德。”本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The Doctrine of the Mean，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：今天，当我们面临前所未有的挑战——从个人焦虑到全球冲突——“中庸之道”提供了一个永恒的解决方案：寻求平衡，避免极端，追求和谐。固定搭配：from...to...意为“从……到……”，to为介词。故填to。 42题详解】 考查名词。句意：今天，当我们面临前所未有的挑战——从个人焦虑到全球冲突——“中庸之道”提供了一个永恒的解决方案：寻求平衡，避免极端，追求和谐。本空作offer的宾语，用名词solution“解决方案”，由空前a可知，用单数形式。故填solution。 【43题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：它提醒我们，最可持续的幸福不是来自极端的成功或无尽的欲望，而是来自平衡的生活；最稳定的关系不是来自盲目的同意或不断的冲突，而是来自相互尊重和妥协；最繁荣的社会不是来自片面的发展或僵化的规则，而是来自不同元素的和谐共存。根据上文“the most sustainable happiness”可知，此处用形容词最高级形式most stable或stablest“最稳定的”，作定语，修饰名词relationships。故填most stable或stablest。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它教会我们在快节奏的世界中放慢脚步，在喧嚣的世界中倾听，在极端的世界中保持平衡。teach sb. to do sth.表示“教导某人做某事”，此处和to slow down，to listen为并列关系，用动词balance“平衡”的不定式形式，作宾补。故填to balance。 【45题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：最后，“中庸之道”在现代社会的意义在于它能够帮助我们在自己内心找到平静，建立和谐的关系，为每个人创造一个更美好的世界。本空作介词within的宾语，应用反身代词ourselves“我们自己”。within oneself表示 “在某人内心”。故填ourselves。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，请给外教Susan写一封邮件，邀请她参加学校举办的试验田劳作活动。内容包括： (1) 活动安排； (2) 提出邀请。 注意：(1) 写作词数应为80个左右； (2) 请按如下格式作答 Dear Susan, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Susan, I’m Li Hua. I’m writing to sincerely invite you to take part in the farm work activity held in our school’s experimental field, which is aimed at letting us experience the fun of labor. The activity will take place this Saturday morning, from 9:00 to 11:30. Guided by our biology teachers, we will begin by learning vegetable growth patterns, followed by sowing seeds and removing weeds. It will be a meaningful and interesting experience. I really hope you can join us and share this special moment. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求考生给外教Susan写一封邮件，邀请她参加学校举办的试验田劳作活动。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 参加：take part in → participate in 举办：hold → conduct 有意义的：meaningful → profoundly valuable 盼望：look forward to → anticipate 2. 句式拓展 同义句改写 原句：I really hope you can join us and share this special moment. 拓展句：I sincerely hope you can grace us with your presence and share this unforgettable moment together. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to sincerely invite you to take part in the farm work activity held in our school’s experimental field, which is aimed at letting us experience the fun of labor. (使用了过去分词作后置定语以及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Guided by our biology teachers, we will begin by learning vegetable growth patterns, followed by sowing seeds and removing weeds. (使用过去分词短语作状语) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Three months after moving into the old community, I’d only met Grandma Chen next door once. That day, I was carrying express boxes upstairs when she slowly came down, holding the handrail (楼梯扶手). She gave me an oil-paper wrapped candy: “Young man, take care — these stairs are slippery.” I thanked her quickly and hurried on. Her door was always piled high with junk, and the potted plants on her windowsill (窗台) were wilted (枯萎的), giving off a lonely, cold atmosphere. The change happened on a rainy night. I worked overtime late and rushed into the corridor with my electric bike, only to see Grandma Chen squatting (蹲着) at my door, soaked through, clutching a plastic bag tightly. “You’re back!” She stood up hurriedly and held out the bag. “I saw your jasmine (茉莉) fell over on the balcony this afternoon. I was afraid the rain would ruin its roots, so I moved it inside.” I suddenly remembered I’d forgotten to bring in the new jasmine pot that morning. Inside the bag, the flower was wrapped in an old towel, leaves still dotted with water — unharmed. I urged her into my house to dry off, but she waved me away: “Don’t bother. I’m just a dirty old lady.” As she spoke, she slipped and stumbled toward the stairs. I caught her just in time and noticed her swollen knee. That night, I applied medicine to her knee. She sat on my sofa restlessly, repeating, “I’m troubling you so much.” After that, I made sure to chat with Grandma Chen whenever we met. She still spoke little, but every morning when I left, there would be a bag of fresh vegetables from her small garden downstairs at my door. Last Saturday, I forgot to take out the trash before a business trip. When I came back, my doorway was spotless. Grandma Chen’s door was slightly open, and I heard faint coughing inside. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 I pushed the door gently. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Once Grandma Chen recovered, she knocked on my door. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I pushed the door gently. Inside, I saw Grandma Chen lying on her bed, looking pale and weak. A bowl of medicine was placed beside her, and I could tell from the smell that it was bitter. “Are you feeling better?” I asked, sitting down beside her. She nodded weakly and said, “I’m just a bit tired. Thank you for taking care of me.” I realized then that she had been taking care of me too, in her own quiet way. Once Grandma Chen recovered, she knocked on my door. She held a basket of freshly picked vegetables in her hands and said, “I want to thank you for helping me when I was sick.” I smiled and invited her in, knowing that this simple act of kindness had brought us closer together. From that day on, we became like family, always there to lend a helping hand whenever one of us needed it, which made our lives in the old community much warmer. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者搬到老社区三个月仅与陈奶奶见过一次，一次雨夜她帮作者抢救了阳台的茉莉花且自己淋湿受伤，作者照顾她后，她常送蔬菜，还帮作者清理了门口的垃圾。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“我轻轻推开房门。”可知，第一段可以描写作者探望生病的陈奶奶的场景，包括看到的奶奶的状态、床边的药碗，以及两人的简短对话。 ②由第二段句首内容“陈奶奶病愈之后，特意敲响了我家的门。”可知，第二段可以描写奶奶康复后登门道谢的举动，作者邀请奶奶进屋的回应，进而点明这次互相帮扶的小事拉近了彼此的距离，最后升华主旨：邻里间的善意让老旧社区的生活变得温暖。 2.续写线索：轻轻推开房门——与奶奶对话，领悟其往日的照顾——奶奶康复后登门送菜道谢——邀请奶奶进屋，内心感到温暖——邻里间互帮互助，成为家人般的存在——善意让社区生活更温暖 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①坐下：sit down/take a seat/be seated ②点头：nod/nod one’s head/give a nod ③照顾：take care of/look after/attend to 情绪类 ①感谢：thank/express one’s thanks ②善良：kindness/goodness 【点睛】【高分句型1】I realized then that she had been taking care of me too, in her own quiet way. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】I want to thank you for helping me when I was sick. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025年秋季高三年级期末考试 英语 本试卷共10页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3. 非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4. 考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读两遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Why can’t the man answer the phone? A. He is watering plants. B. He is cooking soup. C. He is busy shopping. 2. What does the woman think of hiking? A. Boring. B. Tiring. C. Enjoyable. 3. What does the man want to try after lunch? A. Burgers. B. Fries. C. Milkshakes. 4. What does the woman like about the yoga studio? A. The functional room. B. The friendly instructor. C. The cool environment. 5. What is across the street from the turning point? A. A flower shop. B. A bookstore. C. A bakery. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. Which gate is for Flight 832 on weekdays? A. Gate 14. B. Gate 16. C. Gate 19. 7. How long does the man have to get to the correct gate? A. 10 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 45 minutes. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. When did Paul move to the new apartment? A. Last month. B. Last week. C. Last year. 9. What is Anna’s mother doing now? A. She is teaching chemistry. B. She is retired and volunteering. C. She is working in a bank. 10. Where is Lisa living now? A. Near the library. B. In the neighborhood. C. In the city center. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. What advantage of online shopping does the man mention? A. Better quality products. B. Easy price comparison. C. No need to return items. 12. What problem did the woman have with online shopping? A. She got a broken watch and no refund. B. The clothes she bought didn’t fit. C. The prices were higher than expected. 13. What does the woman prefer to do when shopping? A. Buy from random stores. B. Shop on trusted platforms. C. See products in person. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14 What does Maria Clark do? A. A radio host. B. A community center staff. C. A little gardener. 15. How often are the organic farming workshops held? A. Every weekend. B. Every week. C. Every month. 16. What can be developed in the “Little Gardeners” club? A. A skill of independence. B. A sense of responsibility. C. A spirit of teamwork. 17. What is the goal of the community garden project? A. To teach farming skills. B. To encourage healthy eating. C. To strengthen community bonds. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. How old are the old stone cottages? A. Over 100 years old. B. Over 200 years old. C. Over 300 years old. 19. What did the speaker make for the project? A. Short stories about cottages. B. Posters of historic landmarks. C. Metal plates with building years. 20. What result has the project achieved? A. Developers have stopped building apartments. B. Some old homes have been repaired. C. All cottages have been rebuilt. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Many countries are considering reducing speed limits on motorways and in urban areas. Fuel savings and reductions in CO2 emissions are just two of the reasons for doing so. Fuel consumption decreases the slower you drive, because the moving car has to overcome fewer physical forces such as air resistance and rolling friction (摩擦) between tyres and road. Air resistance increases with the square of the speed. This means that a car experiences 28% more air resistance at a speed of 130km/h than at 110km/h. Slower speed is not the only way to reduce the CO2 emissions from your car. There are three automotive tips to help the climate else. STREAMLINE THE CAR 1. Unevenness (不均匀) increases the air resistance of your car, and so its CO2 emissions. Four open windows increase fuel consumption by up to 27%. GET UP THE GEARS (齿轮) QUICKLY 2. Petrol and diesel (柴油) cars should always be driven in the highest possible gear: the engine then has as few revolutions as possible. Fuel consumption between two gears can vary by up to 20%. MAINTAIN TYRE PRESSURE 3. Car tyres at the recommended pressure ensure ideal driving. If the tyre pressure drops to 75% pressure, fuel consumption increases by 2%. If it drops by half, the increase is as much as 10%. Here’s the breakdown of fuel consumption impact of driving habits and vehicle adjustments from the Federation of Danish Motorists (FDM). 1. Why does driving at a lower speed help cut fuel use? A. It weakens the physical forces the car must fight against. B. It changes the way air resistance affects the car. C. It lightens the weight of the moving vehicle. D. It makes the engine work at a higher speed. 2. What will happen if a car’s windows are wide open while driving? A. It’ll lower the car’s air resistance. B. It’ll reduce the car’s CO₂ emissions. C. It’ll lead to a sharp rise in fuel use. D. It’ll make the car run more smoothly. 3 What is the fuel-saving effect of reducing speed from 130km/h to 110km/h according to FDM data? A. 10%. B. 16%. C. Up to 20%. D. Nearly 28%. B As one of 400-plus foreigners at my school — Thailand, France, and beyond — I belong to the International Division. In fact, most of the students on my campus are Chinese, and I interact with them daily through shared coursework and extracurricular activities, like sporting events, including an annual track and field meet and regular football matches. While English is the language of instruction in a few classes, most of us advance into higher-level courses conducted entirely in Chinese, which is also the language we speak in common. While the school has emphasized internationalization, including admitting foreign students and sustaining international connections, it’s done so while preserving Chinese values and academic rigor (严谨性). Perhaps contrary to some international perceptions, Chinese education has matured and followed a progressive curve in its development, finding better pathways to high performance, creativity and innovation, eschewing old models of rote (死记硬背) and repetition. Consequently, while we’re well-known for our strong exam scores, which remains a baseline we all strive to support, we should also be known as a school where kids keep guitars and basketballs close at hand, and where students form bands and teams to play on and off campus. Above all we should be known as a school devoted to developing healthy minds and bodies, always ready to cooperate and compete. Recently a group of seven of my friends came home with me after school to have a home cooked meal. We enjoyed a variety of dishes, piled with fruit, cheese and spicy Thai noodles. Afterwards, I brought out a big chocolate cake and we covered it with candles, singing “Happy Birthday” for my grandma back in America in five different languages. Her eyes brimmed with tears of happiness as she watched us online. 4. What is the common communication language among the students? A. English. B. Chinese. C. Thai. D. French. 5. What does the underlined word “eschewing” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Abandoning. B. Adopting. C. Improving. D. Exploring. 6. What can we infer about the author’s school life? A. It prioritizes exam scores. B. It focuses on rote learning. C. It balances academics and extracurriculars. D. It gives up Chinese values for internationalization. 7. What does the author want to show through the birthday story? A. Online birthday celebrations are more touching. B. Home-cooked meals are popular among students. C. The students are good at singing in different languages. D. The school’s internationalization promotes cross-cultural bonds. C We know that some animals live longer than others, but we do not yet fully understand why. Researchers have previously identified brain size and metabolic (新陈代谢) rates as factors that can vary lifespan, but now evolutionary researchers from the UK’s University of Bath have found another factor, and it’s one that could be key to understanding why cats tend to live longer than dogs. “Our study reveals the surprising role played by the immune system-not just in fighting disease, but also in supporting longevity across a wide range of mammals,” says Benjamin from the University of Bath’s Centre for Evolution. The research does not dismiss the other reasons, rather suggesting longevity is a combination of factors. The researchers investigated the maximum lifespan of 46 different mammalian species, comparing the animals’ genes. The team studied dolphins, which can live for up to 39 years, and other whales that live for up to 100 years, but they also looked into smaller animals such as mice, which typically live for only one to two years. The results showed that certain small animals live longer than expected, such as naked mole rats, which can live 20 years despite a small size and brain. The species that live the longest had more genes associated with their immune system, according to the researchers; the team believes that a strong immune system acts to eliminate damaged cells, while also fighting infections and preventing disease. Cats are gifted with a strong natural immunity through a diverse set of immune-related genes, whereas the selective breeding of dogs has left some breeds with inherited immune deficiencies (缺陷). The researchers now intend to look deeper into significant differences in the lifespans of different mammals by investigating specific genes that relate to cancer and other life-shortening diseases 8. How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph? A. By quoting an expert. B. By defining a concept. C. By comparing findings. D. By providing statistics. 9. What did the University of Bath researchers focus on? A. Daily eating habits. B. Living environments. C. Genetic characteristics. D. Reproductive patterns. 10. Why does the author mention naked mole rats? A. To compare their lifespan with that of mice. B. To explain why small animals live shorter lives. C. To show naked mole rats have the longest lifespan. D. To prove size and brain size don’t determine lifespan. 11. What is the researchers’ next plan? A. To study the immune system of cats and dogs. B. To explore genes associated with severe diseases. C. To confirm the role of metabolic rates in lifespan. D. To investigate the effect of breeding on immunity. D For the first time ever, a powerful laser (激光) beam from Earth has reportedly hit a target deep in space. It could be the key to lightning-fast space communication in the future. Imagine trying to aim at something a distance of a strand (股) of hair from a distance of 10km. That’s roughly equivalent to what Chinese researchers have achieved, using a laser in space to target a distant satellite orbiting the Moon. Aerospace engineers of the Beijing-based Academy of Sciences have struck a satellite with an infrared (红外) laser in broad daylight and across a distance of 130000km. The powerful laser beam hit a reflector on Tiandu-1, a Chinese lunar navigation and communications test satellite, which was launched in March 2024: The signal was returned to Earth in less than a second, captured by a telescope in Yunnan in South-Western China. It is the first time ever that engineers have managed to accurately locate and measure a satellite so far away and to do so in daylight, when sunlight usually interferes with measurements. In similar earlier efforts, researchers had been able to collect data for only short periods of time. But by demonstrating that the technology also works in sunlight, the researchers have now shown that the method could enable much more frequent and accurate measurements in space. The method could also be used to revolutionize communications in space. Currently we use radio waves to send messages to places such as Mars, but lasers could send greatly increased quantities of data in the same time. The technology could pave the way for lightning-fast contact with future bases on the Moon — and perhaps one day on Mars. Stable laser links in space can reportedly send data to and from Earth up to 100 times faster than can radio waves, perhaps an important boost to communication with future astronauts on the Moon and Mars. 12. What did the Chinese researchers successfully make the laser beam reach? A. A lunar base under construction. B. A Mars exploration spacecraft. C. A reflective device on a test satellite. D. A ground telescope in Yunnan. 13. What makes the Chinese engineers’ achievement particularly remarkable? A. Locating a so-distant satellite precisely in daylight. B. Launching a Moon-orbiting satellite 130,000 km away. C. Getting the signal returned to Earth in a second. D. Using an infrared laser for the first time successfully. 14. What can be inferred about radio waves in space communication? A. They are unable to reach Mars from Earth. B. They will soon be replaced by laser technology. C. They have lower data transmission capacity than lasers. D. They are more easily interfered with by sunlight than lasers. 15. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text? A. A Historic Laser Strike: Targeting the Moon B. Tiandu-1 Satellite: Bridging Earth and the Moon C. Radio Waves: The Future of Space Communication D. China’s Laser: A Leap for Deep-Space Communication 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Last Living Monet Every winter, the head gardener at Claude Monet’s garden in the tiny French village of Giverny sits down to a pile of seed lists’ for disappointment. Avisard knows he must grow at least 520,000 plants to recreate these historic grounds. But each year at least 10 seed varieties he selected the previous season will disappear.____16____ When Monet moved to Giverny in 1883, nurseries (苗圃) were covered with Victorian flowers. Many of his favored varieties have since gone extinct or been completely changed as people prefer both harder (耐寒的) plants and flowers with ever-increasing blooms. This season, Avisard is crazy about growing a taller pelargonium (天竺葵), a clumped-flower (簇状花) cousin to the geranium (老鹳草) that Monet famously planted in several red and pink beds in front of his pink house. “____17____” Avisard says. “To bring them back would be a resurrection (起死回生).” Head gardener since 2016, Avisard now leads a dozen gardeners, twice as many as Monet enlisted. ____18____ Wetter winters followed by hot, dry summers lead to earlier crowds of pests. In addition, the management of tourists poses a significant challenge. ____19____ “It’s complicated.” says Avisard, “____20____” He and Giverny’s gardeners seek to please a man they’ve never met by creating a space so identifiable that it reminds strangers of paintings they see hanging in museums the world over. As seeds disappear, the task only gets harder. “We want people to look out like Monet and see what he saw.” A You can’t buy them anywhere. B. As with fashion, people’s tastes in flowers change. C. The tourists have to feel like they are in Monet’s paintings. D. These gardeners struggle with a wildly changing ecosystem. E. Monet’s garden symbolizes impressionist art and natural beauty. F. His work includes planting, researching and sourcing rare seeds. G. Nearly 800,000 visitors flock to the area every year between April and October. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A massive storm broke the town’s sea walls, pouring water into the streets. Thomas watched the water rise from nothing to his ankles in minutes. He hurried to ____21____ his neighbors in the small six-unit building where he lived. Thomas banged on the door of an elderly neighbor who was getting ready to leave. He helped the old man get into his car. Thomas also woke two other neighbors, who quickly ____22____ into their own car with their pets. Soon, they sped away, with water almost reaching their car lights. Thomas picked a ____23____ 12-foot paddleboard (浆板). He put some ____24____ into a backpack, attached a flashlight and paddle, then slid up on the board. He ____25____ paddled through the dark, flooded streets. When he was tying his board to a tree in deep water, a woman ____26____ to him from a balcony. She pointed to a small apartment across a flooded ____27____ and said, “A woman is trapped there! Will you go and ____28____ her?” “I will,” Thomas shouted back. He ____29____ his paddleboard and went to the building. Inside, 56-year-old teacher Valerie Anderson was ____30____ with her big dog. The water level kept rising, but Anderson didn’t dare to escape alone. The fast water and hidden objects outside could make her slip and be carried away. Thomas ____31____ the door, but the immense weight of the water made it hard to open. “Go to the side window!” he called. Anderson opened the window. Thomas struggled through the water to her room, climbed in, and helped her and her dog out. From nearby balconies, neighbors shone flashlights to ____32____ them to safety. At last, Thomas put his paddleboard away. He was glad he had ____33____ a few beers in his backpack before leaving his ____34____. Tomorrow, they would clean up. But tonight, he had saved his ____35____ in the town where he grew up. 21. A. convince B. warn C. evaluate D. spot 22. A. looked B. dipped C. piled D. dug 23. A. trapped B. hidden C. delicate D. tough 24. A. valuables B. instruments C. lights D. pets 25. A. gently B. slightly C. deliberately D. quickly 26. A. smiled B. turned C. shouted D. pointed 27. A. street B. park C. balcony D. lake 28. A. turn down B. check on C. appeal to D. cut off 29. A. lowered B. repaired C. untied D. expanded 30. A. stuck B. occupied C. content D. bored 31. A. opened B. tried C. shut D. broke 32. A. follow B. protect C. pull D. guide 33. A. bought B. downloaded C. generated D. stored 34. A. apartment B. safety C. paddleboard D. danger 35. A. friends B. family C. neighbors D. teachers 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the hustle and bustle of modern life — where people often chase extreme success, argue over opposing views, ____36____ struggle with work-life imbalance — an ancient Chinese wisdom called the “Doctrine of the Mean” (Zhongyong) offers a precious guide. ____37____ (originate) from Confucianism, this philosophy emphasizes “moderation,” “balance,” and “harmony,” teaching people to avoid extremes and seek a middle way in all aspects of life. Contrary to the misunderstanding that it means “being ordinary” or “doing nothing,” the Confucian “Zhongyong” ____38____ (refer) to a state of “appropriate action” — doing the right thing, at the right time, in the right way. It was first ____39____ (systematic) clarified in the Confucian classic The Doctrine of the Mean, ____40____ states: “The mean is the highest virtue.” For Confucians, the “mean” is not a compromise between two extremes, but a harmonious integration of different elements. Today, as we face unprecedented challenges — from personal anxiety ____41____ global conflicts — the “Doctrine of the Mean” offers a timeless ____42____ (solve) ; seek balance, avoid extremes, and pursue harmony. It reminds us that the most sustainable happiness does not come from extreme success or endless desire, but from a balanced life; the ____43____ (stable) relationships do not come from blind agreement or constant conflict, but from mutual respect and compromise; the most prosperous society does not come from one-sided development or rigid rules, but from the harmonious coexistence of different elements. The “Doctrine of the Mean” is more than just an ancient Confucian concept — it’s a living wisdom that connects traditional Chinese culture to modern life. It teaches us to slow down in a fast-paced world, to listen in a noisy world, and ____44____ (balance) in an extreme world. In the end, the significance of the “Doctrine of the Mean” in modern society lies in its ability to help us find peace within ____45____ (we), build harmonious relationships, and create a better world for everyone. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，请给外教Susan写一封邮件，邀请她参加学校举办的试验田劳作活动。内容包括： (1) 活动安排； (2) 提出邀请。 注意：(1) 写作词数应为80个左右； (2) 请按如下格式作答。 Dear Susan, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Three months after moving into the old community, I’d only met Grandma Chen next door once. That day, I was carrying express boxes upstairs when she slowly came down, holding the handrail (楼梯扶手). She gave me an oil-paper wrapped candy: “Young man, take care — these stairs are slippery.” I thanked her quickly and hurried on. Her door was always piled high with junk, and the potted plants on her windowsill (窗台) were wilted (枯萎的), giving off a lonely, cold atmosphere. The change happened on a rainy night. I worked overtime late and rushed into the corridor with my electric bike, only to see Grandma Chen squatting (蹲着) at my door, soaked through, clutching a plastic bag tightly. “You’re back!” She stood up hurriedly and held out the bag. “I saw your jasmine (茉莉) fell over on the balcony this afternoon. I was afraid the rain would ruin its roots, so I moved it inside.” I suddenly remembered I’d forgotten to bring in the new jasmine pot that morning. Inside the bag, the flower was wrapped in an old towel, leaves still dotted with water — unharmed. I urged her into my house to dry off, but she waved me away: “Don’t bother. I’m just a dirty old lady.” As she spoke, she slipped and stumbled toward the stairs. I caught her just in time and noticed her swollen knee. That night, I applied medicine to her knee. She sat on my sofa restlessly, repeating, “I’m troubling you so much.” After that, I made sure to chat with Grandma Chen whenever we met. She still spoke little, but every morning when I left, there would be a bag of fresh vegetables from her small garden downstairs at my door. Last Saturday, I forgot to take out the trash before a business trip. When I came back, my doorway was spotless. Grandma Chen’s door was slightly open, and I heard faint coughing inside. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 I pushed the door gently. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Once Grandma Chen recovered, she knocked on my door. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $