精品解析：陕西省山阳中学2025-2026学年高二上学期1月月考英语试题

陕西省山阳中学2025—2026学年阶段测试卷 高二英语 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1. What does the woman want to do? A. See a friend. B. Take a walk. C. Attend a concert. 2. How does the woman feel about the man’s decision? A. Pleased. B. Surprised. C. Worried. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a company. B. In a hotel. C. In a museum. 4. Why does the man make the call? A. To book a ticket. B. To change a flight. C. To confirm his order. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. The lift. B. The work. C. The building. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Husband and wife. C. Manager and customer. 7. What will the woman buy? A. Eggs. B. Bread. C. Butter. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does the woman like doing on weekends? A. Going biking. B. Going shopping. C. Going swimming. 9. What does the woman usually do with her friends? A. They make coffee. B. They play sports. C. They have chats. 10. Who does the woman stay with on Sundays? A. Her friends. B. Her family. C. Her travel partners. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Who is the woman speaking to? A. A reporter. B. A teacher. C. A student. 12. What does the man want to study in the future? A. Math. B. Law. C. Spanish. 13. What can we know about online courses? A. They are available for free. B. They are for university students. C. They are about computer programming. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. Where is the man now? A. In Canada. B. In Britain. C. In China. 15. What did the man like most about Canada? A. The tourist attractions. B. The restaurants. C. The cinemas. 16. What will the man probably do tomorrow? A. Take some photos. B. Meet with Jean. C. Visit his uncle. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the speaker ’s first suggestion? A. Try food in small shops. B. Learn Chilean history. C. Go hiking with friends. 18. Which is the best season to visit long mountains in Chile? A. Spring. B. Autumn. C. Winter. 19. What means of transport does the speaker recommend? A. Subway. B. Train. C. Bus. 20. What is the speaker probably doing? A. Giving a geography class. B. Giving a guided tour. C. Hosting a program. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Famous Female Scientists Katherine Johnson Katherine Johnson graduated from college — with honors — at the same age most people graduated from high school. She later applied to a program at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and earned a spot as one of the agency’s human computers. One of Katherine’s most important jobs was calculating the path of the first American manned spaceflight in 1961 and the Apollo moon landing in 1969. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin When Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin became the first woman to receive a PhD from Harvard’s Radcliffe College, no one knew how much her doctoral paper would change the world of science. Her conclusion that stars are composed mainly of hydrogen (氢) and helium (氢) contradicted the main theory of the time, and some of the day’s leading scientists openly questioned her findings. It would take more than a decade for another scientist to reach the same conclusion. Lise Meitner Lise Meitner is one of only two women to have an element named in her honor—the element with the atomic number 109 is called meitnerium. She was the first physics professor in Germany and the first scientist to include the term “nuclear fission (裂变)” in a published paper. During her career, she discovered what causes the Auger Effect, explained how nuclear fission works, and uncovered the element protactinium (镤). Grace Hopper Grace Hopper was known for her pioneering work in the development of computer programming languages. She began her career in computing and worked on the Harvard Mark I computer program. Later, she created the first program that translated code into machine language, and also developed the COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) programming language. 1. What was an obvious contribution made by Katherine Johnson? A. She obtained a PhD degree at Harvard. B. She worked out the routes for major space missions. C. she clarified the mechanism of nuclear fission. D. She developed a programming language. 2. Whose finding related to stars met with resistance from scientists at that time? A. Katherine Johnson’s. B. Grace Hopper’s. C. Lise Meitner’s. D. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin’s. 3. What do Lise Meitner and Grace Hopper have in common? A They were pioneering in their respective fields. B. They graduated from Harvard. C. They found novel elements. D. They were engaged in computer-related work. B When I was growing up, my mom often said that no matter what grades I got in school, as long as I did my best, she’d be proud of me. Then she added, “But if you didn’t get an A, I’ll know you didn’t do your best.” She said it with a smile, but I took it seriously: I shouldn’t settle for anything less than perfect. My greatest weakness is that I’m too much of a perfectionist. Perfectionism is the desire to be 100% perfect. The goal is zero faults and no failures. In an increasingly competitive world, kids face growing pressure from parents to be perfect and severe criticism when they fall short. Every fault is a blow to their self-esteem. I’ve lived it myself. When I won the fifth-grade quiz bowl on world explorers, I beat myself up afterward for missing one question. How could I forget that the sea route to India was discovered by da Gama, but not Magellan? When I made the finals of a Mortal Kombat tournament and won a lifetime pass to a local movie theater, I didn’t celebrate. Third place is the second loser. When I won the first prize in a math test, I was disappointed. Only a 98? Not good enough. There was always a voice in the back of my mind whispering that it wasn’t enough and that I could have done better. It was during my college years that I started to question the value of this perfectionism. I met people who didn’t seem to be weighed down by the same expectations, who accepted their mistakes and saw them as opportunities for growth rather than failures. They taught me that it was okay to be imperfect, that it was human to make mistakes, and that sometimes, the most important lessons come from our failures. 4. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A. The author’s gratitude to her mother’s encouragement. B. How the author got good grades in school. C. The disadvantage of being a perfectionist. D. Why the author became a perfectionist. 5 What detail in Paragraphs 2 and 3 shows the author’s perfectionism? A. She felt disappointed with a 98 in her math test. B. She won the first prize in a fifth-grade quiz bowl. C. She got a lifetime pass to a local movie theater. D. She learned about explorers in her school lessons. 6. What does the underlined phrase “weighed down” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Relieved B. Inspired C. Troubled D. protected 7. Which column of a magazine may the text be taken from? A. Stories of Growth B. Parenting Styles C. People of Achievement D. Mental Health Tips C For most of the traditional restaurants, it is challenging to deal with the increasing number of customers. But for Li Xianghui’s restaurants, things are different. Owning four restaurants, Li bought a number of cooking machines, which can operate tirelessly day and night. Packed in boxes, all dishes are semi-finished (半加工的) and can be served within minutes after they are put into the machines. Automation (自动化) is the future of the food service industry. It can reduce labor cost pressure in traditional restaurants and improve efficiency. Besides, automated equipment follows certain set processes, which can make sure of the same taste for each order. The cooking machine can make about 2,000 recipes, according to Li. Once seated, customers scan a QR code (二维码) and use an app to make their meal selection and pay. With the only waiter putting the semi-finished food kit into the machine, the meal will be served in minutes. What’s worth mentioning is that the robot “cook” has attracted an increasing number of customers since the restaurant’s opening, as many customers say the taste is good and the price is not expensive. Researchers from the University of Cambridge have trained their robot “cook” to make a judgement about the saltiness of a dish at different stages of the chewing process, like a similar process in humans, according to their research published in the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI. Their results could be useful in the development of automated or semi-automated food preparation by helping robots to learn what tastes good and what doesn’t, making them better “cooks”. “If robots are to be used for certain aspects of food preparation, it’s important that they are able to ‘taste’ what they’re cooking,” said Grzegorz Sochacki, the paper’s first author. 8. What is the main problem traditional restaurants face? A. They have too few cooking machines. B. They struggle to handle more customers. C. They can’t serve semi-finished food. D. They have no QR code for ordering. 9. Why can cooking machines ensure the same taste for each order? A. They follow a standardized process. B. They can make 2000 different recipes. C. They are operated by professional waiters. D. They use high-quality semi-finished food. 10. What do many customers think of Li’s restaurant? A. The food is tasty and cheap. B. The service is very slow. C. The QR code is hard to scan. D. The robot cook is not smart. 11. What did Cambridge University researchers train the robot cook to do? A. Make semi-finished food kits quickly. B. Judge the saltiness of a dish when chewing. C. Choose the best recipes for customers. D. Clean the cooking machines automatically. D When we think about what makes humans unique, a good sense of humor is often high on the list. Laughter and playful teasing seem like traits only we possess. However, recent research suggests that animals — particularly great apes — may also engage in behavior that resembles humor. A study led by primatologist (灵长类动物学家) Isabelle Laumer at the Max Planck Institute reveals fascinating insights. “We documented young apes deliberately sneaking up to hit adults, then waiting expectantly for a reaction,” Laumer explains. “This isn’t random play — it meets all the criteria of intentional teasing.” Over 75 hours of video recordings showed this behavior mirrors how human children joke: repetitive, surprising, and aimed at seeking responses. The researchers noted that the apes even paused to watch for the adult’s reaction, much like a child waiting to see if their joke landed. But humor in animals may not be limited to apes. Dog owners often notice their pets making breathy, snorting sounds during play, which some scientists interpret as laughter. In a 2025 study, researchers found that playing these sounds to shelter dogs reduced their stress levels. Similarly, dolphins emit joyful sounds during play-fighting, elephants trumpet excitedly when playing, and some parrots tease other animals — like confusing dogs with whistles — just for fun. Why might animals exhibit humor? In humans, laughter strengthens social connections and eases tension. Scientists argue that playful teasing in apes or “laughter” in dogs could serve a similar purpose — breaking the ice and reinforcing relationships. Some researchers believe these behaviors may have evolved (进化) to help animals manage complex social ranks or reduce conflict. However, Laumer cautions that more research is needed to confirm this theory, as observing humor in animals remains challenging. While we may never know if animals understand punchlines, their behaviors hint at humor’s deep evolutionary roots. As Laumer reflects: “The line between human and animal laughter isn’t as sharp as we thought.” 12. What did Laumer’s study find about young apes? A. They enjoy intentional teasing towards adults. B. They often fight in groups to seek protection. C. They use random play to attract adults’ attention. D. They learn teasing skills from human children. 13. What can we infer from Paragraph 3 about animal “humor”? A. It only exists in primates like apes and dolphins. B. Playful sounds help some animals relieve emotional stress. C. Elephants use confusing whistles to joke with other animals. D. Animal humor has NO connection with their social lives. 14. What is Laumer’s attitude towards the theory of animal humor evolution? A. Fully supportive B. Doubtfully negative C. Cautiously optimistic D. completely unconcerned 15. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Humans and animals share the same sense of humor. B. Research shows animals may possess humorous behaviors. C. Apes are the only animals that can show intentional teasing. D. The evolution of animal humor has been fully confirmed by studies. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are you feeling depressed about your inability to stick to a routine? You’re not alone. ____16____ This lack of consistency can lead to feelings of depression and self-doubt. Here are some strategies to help you create and stick to daily routines to manage depression. • Set a tiny habit When you’re feeling depressed, even the simplest tasks can seem challenging. ____17____ For example, commit to making your bed every morning or going for a 5-minute walk. These small wins can provide a sense of achievement and gradually increase motivation. • ____18____ Select habits that strengthen positive emotions and actions. For instance, if exercise is a part of your routine, pair it with listening to uplifting music. By connecting your habits with positive experiences, you are more likely to feel motivated and find it easier to stick to your routine. • Do one thing. On particularly difficult days, it might be challenging to complete your entire routine. Instead, focus on doing one activity from your routine each day.____19____ • Create a habit plan. Developing a detailed plan for your routine can help provide a sense of direction. Start by breaking your routine down into smaller and manageable tasks.____20____ Having a clear plan and structure in place can help make it easier to follow through, even during periods of depression. A. Have fun with it. B. Countless individuals struggle to maintain consistent habits and routines. C. This can help you prevent feelings of failure or guilt. D. Start by setting an easy habit that doesn’t require much effort. E. Next, find specific times for each activity. F. Productivity apps such as Focus Bear’s habit routine can help with that. G. Choose habits that support each other. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The first plane I made was a failure. At six, I sat on the floor watching Dad pack his flight bag. “Try again. Don’t ____21____, Captain,” he said, leaving fresh paper beside my poorly-folded ____22____. For twelve years, Dad was away on flight missions. His home visits were ____23____ seasons — unpredictable but bringing special gifts: not toys, but flight logs (日志) of storms and sunshine; not postcards, but maps ____24____ his plane’s routes. These gifts filled me with wonder and a deep ____25____ to fly like him. At twelve I built my first flight model. It took three months and seventeen failed ____26____. The night I finished, Mom filmed me ____27____ it to Dad via video call. Dad pointed out design issues and ____28____ me to improve further. “Flight needs great ____29____ it’s a matter of life and death,” he said. High school was my runway to the dream. While classmates partied, I studied in the library ____30____; while they slept, I exercised early. Each test passed and each model built ____31____ me closer to my dream. The Pilot Academy’s acceptance letter arrived on Dad’s retirement day. But real challenges only ____32____. The training was so ____33____ that I wanted to quit. Dad said, “I survived tougher trainings and never ____34____ giving up.” Years later I sat in the cockpit (驾驶舱) as a first officer. Dad was a passenger. Mid-journey, he stood behind me, hand on my shoulder as I ____35____ the plane through clouds. “Good job, son,” he said. I realized the little paper plane had truly climbed to the high sky. 21. A. hesitate B. quit C. forget D. regret 22. A. plane B. plan C. idea D. tool 23. A. like B. with C. for D. against 24. A. changing B. hiding C. showing D. blocking 25. A. fear B. doubt C. curiosity D. longing 26. A. tests B. attempts C. choices D. decisions 27. A. presenting B. selling C. returning D. describing 28. A. allowed B. forced C. encouraged D. begged 29. A. speed B. accuracy C. courage D. patience 30. A. occasionally B. casually C. secretly D. constantly 31. A. borrowed B. led C. brought D. took 32. A. ended B. paused C. started D. faded 33. A. demanding B. interesting C. exciting D. relaxing 34. A. enjoyed B. considered C. avoided D. admitted 35. A. followed B. controlled C. watched D. searched 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空。 In recent years, food has ____36____ (obvious) become a new hot spot (热点) for Chinese cities to attract tourists. Following Zibo and Harbin, Tianshui, ____37____ ancient city in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, became the ____38____ (hot) tourists destination of 2024 because of malatang, a local street dish. Malatang, literally (字面上地) meaning “numbing (麻的), spicy, and hot” in Chinese, is a common street food that can ____39____ (find) all over China, but its tastes differ depending ____40____ the region (地区). In Tianshui, malatang is a mix of fresh ____41____ (vegetable) and meat boiled in a hot, spicy chicken soup. Tianshui went viral (走红) when a student ____42____ (post) a seven-second video in February on her social media. In the video, she suggested ____43____ (make) Gansu malatang a national dish. The video, ____44____ quickly received millions of likes online, attracted food lovers to the city _____45_____ (experience) this local dish firsthand. Malatang also helps attract more visits to key attractions in Tianshui, such as Maijishan Grottoes and Fuxi Temple. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，2026年世界中学生排球锦标赛（World Middle School Volleyball Championship）将在商洛市举办。目前，大赛组委会正在招募志愿者，请你写一封信，申请这个职位。内容包括： (1) 写信目的；(2) 个人优势；(3) 期待录用。 注意：(1) 写作词数应为80词左右；(2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir or Madam, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours faithfully, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I am a high school student, and I’ve always been shy and quiet. Speaking up, especially in front of my classmates, has always been difficult for me. In class, I tend to avoid the teacher’s look and rarely volunteer answers. I find myself more comfortable observing from the sidelines, quietly taking notes and participating only when absolutely necessary. So, when our teacher assigned a group project to create a mind map (思维导图) for a travel journal, I felt completely lost. It seemed like a huge task, and I had no idea where to begin. The thought of working with a group and contributing my ideas was difficult. We were supposed to work in groups of four, and I wasn’t sure if I could contribute enough to make it a success. I was stressed by the idea of cooperating with others, especially since I wasn’t sure whether I had the creative skills they would expect for something like a mind map. My friend Alice noticed my hesitation and immediately invited me to join her group. She said, “You should join Chris, Ryan, and me. You’re so creative, and I know that you’ll bring something great to the table.” She even mentioned how I had helped her before by creating small stories to memorize words, and how my creativity always surprised her. I was touched by her faith in me, but despite her encouragement, I was still unsure. I didn’t feel confident about my ability to contribute to the group, especially when it came to something as creative as a mind map. I feared that my ideas might not be good enough or that I would let the team down. The thought of standing out in front of everyone with my contributions felt challenging. But Alice insisted, gently encouraging me to give it a try, promising me that we could work together and that my creativity would be valuable. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After a bit of hesitation, I finally agreed to join. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next class, Alice and I presented our group’s mind map to the class. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 陕西省山阳中学2025—2026学年阶段测试卷 高二英语 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1. What does the woman want to do? A. See a friend. B. Take a walk. C. Attend a concert. 2. How does the woman feel about the man’s decision? A. Pleased. B. Surprised. C. Worried. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a company. B. In a hotel. C. In a museum. 4. Why does the man make the call? A. To book a ticket. B. To change a flight. C. To confirm his order. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. The lift. B. The work. C. The building. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Husband and wife. C. Manager and customer. 7. What will the woman buy? A. Eggs. B. Bread. C. Butter. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does the woman like doing on weekends? A. Going biking. B. Going shopping. C. Going swimming. 9. What does the woman usually do with her friends? A. They make coffee. B. They play sports. C. They have chats. 10. Who does the woman stay with on Sundays? A. Her friends. B. Her family. C. Her travel partners. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Who is the woman speaking to? A. A reporter. B. A teacher. C. A student. 12. What does the man want to study in the future? A. Math. B. Law. C. Spanish. 13. What can we know about online courses? A. They are available for free. B. They are for university students. C. They are about computer programming. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. Where is the man now? A. In Canada. B. In Britain. C. In China. 15. What did the man like most about Canada? A. The tourist attractions. B. The restaurants. C. The cinemas. 16. What will the man probably do tomorrow? A. Take some photos. B. Meet with Jean. C. Visit his uncle. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the speaker ’s first suggestion? A. Try food in small shops. B. Learn Chilean history. C. Go hiking with friends. 18. Which is the best season to visit long mountains in Chile? A. Spring. B. Autumn. C. Winter. 19. What means of transport does the speaker recommend? A. Subway. B. Train. C. Bus. 20. What is the speaker probably doing? A. Giving a geography class. B. Giving a guided tour. C. Hosting a program. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Famous Female Scientists Katherine Johnson Katherine Johnson graduated from college — with honors — at the same age most people graduated from high school. She later applied to a program at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and earned a spot as one of the agency’s human computers. One of Katherine’s most important jobs was calculating the path of the first American manned spaceflight in 1961 and the Apollo moon landing in 1969. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin When Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin became the first woman to receive a PhD from Harvard’s Radcliffe College, no one knew how much her doctoral paper would change the world of science. Her conclusion that stars are composed mainly of hydrogen (氢) and helium (氢) contradicted the main theory of the time, and some of the day’s leading scientists openly questioned her findings. It would take more than a decade for another scientist to reach the same conclusion. Lise Meitner Lise Meitner is one of only two women to have an element named in her honor—the element with the atomic number 109 is called meitnerium. She was the first physics professor in Germany and the first scientist to include the term “nuclear fission (裂变)” in a published paper. During her career, she discovered what causes the Auger Effect, explained how nuclear fission works, and uncovered the element protactinium (镤). Grace Hopper Grace Hopper was known for her pioneering work in the development of computer programming languages. She began her career in computing and worked on the Harvard Mark I computer program. Later, she created the first program that translated code into machine language, and also developed the COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) programming language. 1. What was an obvious contribution made by Katherine Johnson? A. She obtained a PhD degree at Harvard. B. She worked out the routes for major space missions. C. she clarified the mechanism of nuclear fission. D. She developed a programming language. 2. Whose finding related to stars met with resistance from scientists at that time? A. Katherine Johnson’s. B. Grace Hopper’s. C. Lise Meitner’s. D. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin’s. 3. What do Lise Meitner and Grace Hopper have in common? A. They were pioneering in their respective fields. B. They graduated from Harvard. C. They found novel elements. D. They were engaged in computer-related work. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍凯瑟琳等四位杰出女性科学家的专业成就与历史贡献。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“One of Katherine’s most important jobs was calculating the path of the first American manned spaceflight in 1961 and the Apollo moon landing in 1969. (凯瑟琳最重要的工作之一是计算1961年美国首次载人航天飞行和1969年阿波罗登月的轨迹。)”可知，凯瑟琳的显著贡献是计算出重大航天任务的飞行轨迹。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Her conclusion that stars are composed mainly of  hydrogen (氢) and helium (氢) contradicted the main theory of the time, and some of the day’s leading scientists openly questioned her findings. (她提出的恒星主要由氢和氦组成的结论与当时的主流理论相悖，一些顶尖科学家公开质疑她的研究结果。)”可知，塞西莉亚关于恒星构成的发现遭到了当时科学家的质疑和抵制。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“She was the first physics professor in Germany and the first scientist to include the term “nuclear fission (裂变)” in a published paper. (她是德国第一位物理学女教授，也是首位在发表论文中使用“核裂变”一词的科学家。)”和第四段中的“Grace Hopper was known for her pioneering work in the development of computer programming languages. (格雷斯·霍珀以在计算机编程语言开发方面的开创性工作而闻名。)”可知，莉泽·迈特纳在核物理领域、格雷斯·霍珀在计算机编程领域都做出了开创性贡献，这是两人的共同点。故选A项。 B When I was growing up, my mom often said that no matter what grades I got in school, as long as I did my best, she’d be proud of me. Then she added, “But if you didn’t get an A, I’ll know you didn’t do your best.” She said it with a smile, but I took it seriously: I shouldn’t settle for anything less than perfect. My greatest weakness is that I’m too much of a perfectionist. Perfectionism is the desire to be 100% perfect. The goal is zero faults and no failures. In an increasingly competitive world, kids face growing pressure from parents to be perfect and severe criticism when they fall short. Every fault is a blow to their self-esteem. I’ve lived it myself. When I won the fifth-grade quiz bowl on world explorers, I beat myself up afterward for missing one question. How could I forget that the sea route to India was discovered by da Gama, but not Magellan? When I made the finals of a Mortal Kombat tournament and won a lifetime pass to a local movie theater, I didn’t celebrate. Third place is the second loser. When I won the first prize in a math test, I was disappointed. Only a 98? Not good enough. There was always a voice in the back of my mind whispering that it wasn’t enough and that I could have done better. It was during my college years that I started to question the value of this perfectionism. I met people who didn’t seem to be weighed down by the same expectations, who accepted their mistakes and saw them as opportunities for growth rather than failures. They taught me that it was okay to be imperfect, that it was human to make mistakes, and that sometimes, the most important lessons come from our failures. 4. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A. The author’s gratitude to her mother’s encouragement. B. How the author got good grades in school. C. The disadvantage of being a perfectionist. D. Why the author became a perfectionist. 5. What detail in Paragraphs 2 and 3 shows the author’s perfectionism? A. She felt disappointed with a 98 in her math test. B. She won the first prize in a fifth-grade quiz bowl. C. She got a lifetime pass to a local movie theater. D. She learned about explorers in her school lessons. 6. What does the underlined phrase “weighed down” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Relieved B. Inspired C. Troubled D. protected 7. Which column of a magazine may the text be taken from? A. Stories of Growth B. Parenting Styles C. People of Achievement D. Mental Health Tips 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小受母亲影响成为一名完美主义者，在成长过程中因追求完美而备受困扰，直到大学时期才开始反思并尝试改变的经历。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段内容，特别是最后一句“My greatest weakness is that I’m too much of a perfectionist. (我最大的弱点就是我是一个完美主义者。)”可知，第一段主要讲述了作者受母亲话语的影响，形成了追求完美的性格，解释了自己成为完美主义者的原因。故选D 项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“When I won the first prize in a math test, I was disappointed. Only a 98? Not good enough. (当我在数学考试中获得一等奖时，我很失望。只有 98 分？不够好。)”可知，作者在数学考试中得了98分（一等奖）却依然感到失望，这一细节最能体现她的完美主义倾向。故选A项。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“I met people who didn’t seem to be weighed down by the same expectations, who accepted their mistakes and saw them as opportunities for growth rather than failures. (我遇到过一些人，他们似乎没有被同样的期望所 ，能够坦然接受自己的错误，并将其视为成长的机会而非失败。)”以及上下文语境可知，这些人没有被同样的期望所“困扰”。所以划线短语“weighed down”意为 “困扰、压得喘不过气”。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者从一个深受完美主义折磨的孩子，到大学时期开始反思并尝试接纳不完美的个人成长历程。因此，这篇文章最可能出自杂志的“成长故事”栏目。故选A项。 C For most of the traditional restaurants, it is challenging to deal with the increasing number of customers. But for Li Xianghui’s restaurants, things are different. Owning four restaurants, Li bought a number of cooking machines, which can operate tirelessly day and night. Packed in boxes, all dishes are semi-finished (半加工的) and can be served within minutes after they are put into the machines. Automation (自动化) is the future of the food service industry. It can reduce labor cost pressure in traditional restaurants and improve efficiency. Besides, automated equipment follows certain set processes, which can make sure of the same taste for each order. The cooking machine can make about 2,000 recipes, according to Li. Once seated, customers scan a QR code (二维码) and use an app to make their meal selection and pay. With the only waiter putting the semi-finished food kit into the machine, the meal will be served in minutes. What’s worth mentioning is that the robot “cook” has attracted an increasing number of customers since the restaurant’s opening, as many customers say the taste is good and the price is not expensive. Researchers from the University of Cambridge have trained their robot “cook” to make a judgement about the saltiness of a dish at different stages of the chewing process, like a similar process in humans, according to their research published in the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI. Their results could be useful in the development of automated or semi-automated food preparation by helping robots to learn what tastes good and what doesn’t, making them better “cooks”. “If robots are to be used for certain aspects of food preparation, it’s important that they are able to ‘taste’ what they’re cooking,” said Grzegorz Sochacki, the paper’s first author. 8. What is the main problem traditional restaurants face? A. They have too few cooking machines. B. They struggle to handle more customers. C. They can’t serve semi-finished food. D. They have no QR code for ordering. 9. Why can cooking machines ensure the same taste for each order? A. They follow a standardized process. B. They can make 2,000 different recipes. C. They are operated by professional waiters. D. They use high-quality semi-finished food. 10. What do many customers think of Li’s restaurant? A. The food is tasty and cheap. B. The service is very slow. C. The QR code is hard to scan. D. The robot cook is not smart. 11. What did Cambridge University researchers train the robot cook to do? A. Make semi-finished food kits quickly. B. Judge the saltiness of a dish when chewing. C. Choose the best recipes for customers. D. Clean the cooking machines automatically. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍自动化烹饪设备在餐饮行业的应用优势，以及剑桥大学相关机器人厨师的味觉判断研究进展。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For most of the traditional restaurants, it is challenging to deal with the increasing number of customers.(对于大多数传统餐厅来说，应对日益增多的顾客是一项挑战。)”可知，传统餐厅面临的主要问题是难以接待更多顾客。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Besides, automated equipment follows certain set processes, which can make sure of the same taste for each order.(此外，自动化设备遵循特定的既定流程，这能确保每份订单的菜品口味一致。)”可知，烹饪机能保证每份菜品口味相同的原因是它们遵循标准化流程。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“What’s worth mentioning is that the robot “cook” has attracted an increasing number of customers since the restaurant’s opening, as many customers say the taste is good and the price is not expensive.(值得一提的是，自从餐厅开业以来，这位机器人“厨师”吸引了越来越多的顾客，因为很多顾客都说这里的菜味道不错，价格也不贵。)”可知，许多顾客认为李先生的餐厅食物美味且价格实惠。故选A项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Researchers from the University of Cambridge have trained their robot “cook” to make a judgement about the saltiness of a dish at different stages of the chewing process, like a similar process in humans, according to their research published in the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI.(根据发表在《机器人与人工智能前沿》期刊上的研究，剑桥大学的研究人员训练他们的机器人“厨师”，使其能够像人类一样，在咀嚼过程的不同阶段判断一道菜的咸度。)”可知，剑桥大学的研究人员训练机器人厨师在咀嚼过程中判断菜品的咸度。故选B项。 D When we think about what makes humans unique, a good sense of humor is often high on the list. Laughter and playful teasing seem like traits only we possess. However, recent research suggests that animals — particularly great apes — may also engage in behavior that resembles humor. A study led by primatologist (灵长类动物学家) Isabelle Laumer at the Max Planck Institute reveals fascinating insights. “We documented young apes deliberately sneaking up to hit adults, then waiting expectantly for a reaction,” Laumer explains. “This isn’t random play — it meets all the criteria of intentional teasing.” Over 75 hours of video recordings showed this behavior mirrors how human children joke: repetitive, surprising, and aimed at seeking responses. The researchers noted that the apes even paused to watch for the adult’s reaction, much like a child waiting to see if their joke landed. But humor in animals may not be limited to apes. Dog owners often notice their pets making breathy, snorting sounds during play, which some scientists interpret as laughter. In a 2025 study, researchers found that playing these sounds to shelter dogs reduced their stress levels. Similarly, dolphins emit joyful sounds during play-fighting, elephants trumpet excitedly when playing, and some parrots tease other animals — like confusing dogs with whistles — just for fun. Why might animals exhibit humor? In humans, laughter strengthens social connections and eases tension. Scientists argue that playful teasing in apes or “laughter” in dogs could serve a similar purpose — breaking the ice and reinforcing relationships. Some researchers believe these behaviors may have evolved (进化) to help animals manage complex social ranks or reduce conflict. However, Laumer cautions that more research is needed to confirm this theory, as observing humor in animals remains challenging. While we may never know if animals understand punchlines, their behaviors hint at humor’s deep evolutionary roots. As Laumer reflects: “The line between human and animal laughter isn’t as sharp as we thought.” 12. What did Laumer’s study find about young apes? A. They enjoy intentional teasing towards adults. B. They often fight in groups to seek protection. C. They use random play to attract adults’ attention. D. They learn teasing skills from human children. 13. What can we infer from Paragraph 3 about animal “humor”? A. It only exists in primates like apes and dolphins. B. Playful sounds help some animals relieve emotional stress. C. Elephants use confusing whistles to joke with other animals. D. Animal humor has NO connection with their social lives. 14. What is Laumer’s attitude towards the theory of animal humor evolution? A. Fully supportive B. Doubtfully negative C. Cautiously optimistic D. completely unconcerned 15. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Humans and animals share the same sense of humor. B. Research shows animals may possess humorous behaviors. C. Apes are the only animals that can show intentional teasing. D. The evolution of animal humor has been fully confirmed by studies. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究发现动物（特别是类人猿、狗、海豚等）可能也会表现出类似幽默的行为，以及这种行为背后的潜在原因和科学家对此的态度。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的““We documented young apes deliberately sneaking up to hit adults, then waiting expectantly for a reaction,” Laumer explains. “This isn’t random play — it meets all the criteria of intentional teasing.” (Laumer 解释说：“我们记录了年轻的猿类故意偷偷接近并击打成年猿，然后期待地等待反应。”“这不是随机的玩耍 —— 它符合有意戏弄的所有标准。” )可知，Laumer 的研究发现年轻的猿类喜欢对成年猿进行有意的戏弄。故选A项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In a 2025 study, researchers found that playing these sounds to shelter dogs reduced their stress levels. (在 2025 年的一项研究中，研究人员发现，向收容所的狗播放这些声音降低了它们的压力水平。)”可推知，玩耍时的声音有助于一些动物缓解情绪压力。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“However, Laumer cautions that more research is needed to confirm this theory, as observing humor in animals remains challenging. (然而，Laumer 警告说，需要更多的研究来证实这一理论，因为观察动物的幽默仍然具有挑战性。)”可知，Laumer对于动物幽默进化理论持谨慎态度，认为需要更多研究来证实，这属于谨慎乐观（Cautiously optimistic）的态度，既没有完全否定也没有盲目支持。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段中的“However, recent research suggests that animals — particularly great apes — may also engage in behavior that resembles humor. (然而，最近的研究表明，动物 —— 特别是类人猿 —— 可能也会做出类似幽默的行为。)”以及下文对相关研究的介绍可知，本文主要讲述了研究表明动物可能拥有类似幽默的行为。故选B项。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are you feeling depressed about your inability to stick to a routine? You’re not alone. ____16____ This lack of consistency can lead to feelings of depression and self-doubt. Here are some strategies to help you create and stick to daily routines to manage depression. • Set a tiny habit When you’re feeling depressed, even the simplest tasks can seem challenging. ____17____ For example, commit to making your bed every morning or going for a 5-minute walk. These small wins can provide a sense of achievement and gradually increase motivation. • ____18____ Select habits that strengthen positive emotions and actions. For instance, if exercise is a part of your routine, pair it with listening to uplifting music. By connecting your habits with positive experiences, you are more likely to feel motivated and find it easier to stick to your routine. • Do one thing. On particularly difficult days, it might be challenging to complete your entire routine. Instead, focus on doing one activity from your routine each day.____19____ • Create a habit plan. Developing a detailed plan for your routine can help provide a sense of direction. Start by breaking your routine down into smaller and manageable tasks.____20____ Having a clear plan and structure in place can help make it easier to follow through, even during periods of depression. A. Have fun with it. B. Countless individuals struggle to maintain consistent habits and routines. C. This can help you prevent feelings of failure or guilt. D. Start by setting an easy habit that doesn’t require much effort. E. Next find specific times for each activity. F. Productivity apps such as Focus Bear’s habit routine can help with that. G. Choose habits that support each other. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. G 19. C 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍四种帮助抑郁人群建立并坚持日常习惯的策略，助力缓解抑郁情绪、提升行动力。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Are you feeling depressed about your inability to stick to a routine? You’re not alone.(你是否因为无法坚持日常习惯而感到沮丧？你并不是一个人。)”和后文“This lack of consistency can lead to feelings of depression and self-doubt.(这种缺乏持续性的状态会导致抑郁和自我怀疑的情绪。)”可知，此空应说明很多人都有难以坚持习惯的困扰，B选项“Countless individuals struggle to maintain consistent habits and routines(无数人都在为坚持规律的习惯和日常安排而挣扎)”中的“struggle to maintain consistent habits and routines”呼应前文“inability to stick to a routine”，承接“你不是一个人”的表述，符合语境。故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据本段小标题“Set a tiny habit(培养一个微小的习惯)”和前文“When you’re feeling depressed, even the simplest tasks can seem challenging.(当你感到抑郁时，即使是最简单的任务也会显得很有挑战性。)”以及后文“For example, commit to making your bed every morning or going for a 5-minute walk.(例如，坚持每天早上整理床铺或者散步5分钟。)”可知，此空应建议从无需费力的简单习惯开始，D选项“Start by setting an easy habit that doesn’t require much effort(从培养一个不费力的简单习惯开始)”中的“an easy habit that doesn’t require much effort”对应后文的具体例子，契合小标题“微小习惯”的核心，符合语境。故选D项。 【18题详解】 分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落小标题结构一致，为祈使句。根据后文“Select habits that strengthen positive emotions and actions. For instance, if exercise is a part of your routine, pair it with listening to uplifting music.(选择那些能强化积极情绪和行为的习惯。例如，如果锻炼是你日常的一部分，那就搭配着听一些振奋人心的音乐。)”可知，本段核心是选择能相互促进的习惯，G选项“Choose habits that support each other(选择相互支持的习惯)”为祈使句，且概括了本段“习惯搭配、相互助力”的主题，符合语境。故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据本段小标题“Do one thing (只做一件事)”和前文“On particularly difficult days, it might be challenging to complete your entire routine. Instead, focus on doing one activity from your routine each day.(在情绪特别低落的日子里，完成整个日常安排可能很困难。相反，每天专注于完成日常安排中的一件事。)”可知，此空应说明这种做法的好处，C选项“This can help you prevent feelings of failure or guilt(这能帮助你避免产生失败感或内疚感)”中的“This”指代前文“每天只做一件事”的策略，解释了该方法的积极作用，符合语境。故选C项。 【20题详解】 根据本段小标题“Create a habit plan(制定一个习惯计划)”和前文“Start by breaking your routine down into smaller and manageable tasks.(首先把你的日常安排分解成更小的、可完成的任务。)”可知，此空应讲述制定计划的下一步骤，E选项“Next, find specific times for each activity(接下来，为每一项活动安排具体的时间)”中的“Next”承接前文的“Start by”，按照步骤推进习惯计划的制定，符合语境。故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The first plane I made was a failure. At six, I sat on the floor watching Dad pack his flight bag. “Try again. Don’t ____21____, Captain,” he said, leaving fresh paper beside my poorly-folded ____22____. For twelve years, Dad was away on flight missions. His home visits were ____23____ seasons — unpredictable but bringing special gifts: not toys, but flight logs (日志) of storms and sunshine; not postcards, but maps ____24____ his plane’s routes. These gifts filled me with wonder and a deep ____25____ to fly like him. At twelve I built my first flight model. It took three months and seventeen failed ____26____. The night I finished, Mom filmed me ____27____ it to Dad via video call. Dad pointed out design issues and ____28____ me to improve further. “Flight needs great ____29____ it’s a matter of life and death,” he said. High school was my runway to the dream. While classmates partied, I studied in the library ____30____; while they slept, I exercised early. Each test passed and each model built ____31____ me closer to my dream. The Pilot Academy’s acceptance letter arrived on Dad’s retirement day. But real challenges only ____32____. The training was so ____33____ that I wanted to quit. Dad said, “I survived tougher trainings and never ____34____ giving up.” Years later, I sat in the cockpit (驾驶舱) as a first officer. Dad was a passenger. Mid-journey, he stood behind me, hand on my shoulder as I ____35____ the plane through clouds. “Good job, son,” he said. I realized the little paper plane had truly climbed to the high sky. 21. A. hesitate B. quit C. forget D. regret 22. A. plane B. plan C. idea D. tool 23 A. like B. with C. for D. against 24. A. changing B. hiding C. showing D. blocking 25. A. fear B. doubt C. curiosity D. longing 26. A. tests B. attempts C. choices D. decisions 27. A. presenting B. selling C. returning D. describing 28. A. allowed B. forced C. encouraged D. begged 29. A. speed B. accuracy C. courage D. patience 30. A. occasionally B. casually C. secretly D. constantly 31. A. borrowed B. led C. brought D. took 32. A. ended B. paused C. started D. faded 33. A. demanding B. interesting C. exciting D. relaxing 34. A. enjoyed B. considered C. avoided D. admitted 35. A. followed B. controlled C. watched D. searched 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者受飞行员父亲的影响，坚持逐梦，最终成为副驾驶实现飞行梦想的励志故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“再试一次。别放弃，机长。”他说着，在我折得歪歪扭扭的纸飞机旁放了一张新纸。A. hesitate犹豫；B. quit放弃；C. forget忘记；D. regret后悔。根据前文“The first plane I made was a failure”以及“Try again”可知，父亲让作者不要“放弃”。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“再试一次。别放弃，机长。”他说着，在我折得歪歪扭扭的纸飞机旁放了一张新纸。A. plane飞机；B. plan计划；C. idea想法；D. tool工具。根据前文“The first plane I made was a failure”可知，作者折的是纸“飞机”。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：他的回家探访就像四季一样——难以预测，却会带来特别的礼物。A. like像；B. with和；C. for为了；D. against反对。根据后文“unpredictable but bringing special gifts”以及“seasons”可知，父亲的回家探访“像”四季一样变幻不定。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不是玩具，而是记录着风雨和晴天的飞行日志；不是明信片，而是标注着他飞行路线的地图。A. changing改变；B. hiding隐藏；C. showing标注、展示；D. blocking阻挡。根据后文“his plane’s routes”可知，地图的作用是“标注”飞行路线。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些礼物让我充满了好奇，也让我深深渴望能像他一样飞行。A. fear恐惧；B. doubt怀疑；C. curiosity好奇心；D. longing渴望。根据前文“filled me with wonder”以及后文“to fly like him”可知，作者对飞行满怀“渴望”。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我花了三个月时间，经历了十七次失败的尝试。A. tests测试；B. attempts尝试；C. choices选择；D. decisions决定。根据前文“built my first flight model”以及“seventeen failed”可知，作者制作飞机模型经历了十七次失败的“尝试”。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：完成模型的那天晚上，妈妈拍下了我通过视频电话向爸爸展示模型的样子。A. presenting展示；B. selling售卖；C. returning归还；D. describing描述。根据前文“The night I finished”以及后文“via video call”可知，作者是向父亲“展示”自己的作品。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸指出了设计上的问题，并鼓励我进一步改进。A. allowed允许；B. forced强迫；C. encouraged鼓励；D. begged恳求。根据前文“pointed out design issues”以及后文“to improve further”可知，父亲是“鼓励”作者改进模型。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“飞行需要极高的精准度，这是一件生死攸关的事。”他说。A. speed速度；B. accuracy精准度；C. courage勇气；D. patience耐心。根据后文“it’s a matter of life and death”可知，这是一件生死攸关的事，由此可知，飞行需要极高的“精准度”。故选B项。 30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同学们聚会时，我一直在图书馆学习。A. occasionally偶尔；B. casually随意地；C. secretly秘密地；D. constantly持续地、一直。根据前文“High school was my runway to the dream”以及后文“while they slept, I exercised early”可知，作者“一直”在为梦想努力。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析句意：每通过一次测试，每制作一个模型，都让我离梦想更近一步。A. borrowed借；B. led带领；C. brought使……靠近；D. took带走。根据前文“Each test passed and each model built”以及后文“closer to my dream”可知，这些努力让作者离梦想更近，固定搭配“bring sb. closer to”表示“使某人更接近……”。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但真正的挑战才刚刚开始。A. ended结束；B. paused暂停；C. started开始；D. faded褪色。根据前文“The Pilot Academy’s acceptance letter arrived”以及后文“The training was so ________ that I wanted to quit.”可知，真正的挑战才“开始”。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：训练要求太高了，我都想放弃了。A. demanding要求高的；B. interesting有趣的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. relaxing放松的。根据后文“that I wanted to quit”可知，飞行员的训练非常“要求高的”，所以作者想放弃。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸说：“我经历过更严酷的训练，从来没有考虑过放弃。”A. enjoyed享受；B. considered考虑；C. avoided避免；D. admitted承认。根据前文“I survived tougher trainings”可知，父亲从未“考虑过”放弃飞行，固定搭配“consider doing sth.”表示“考虑做某事”。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：飞行途中，我操控着飞机穿过云层时，爸爸站在我身后，手搭在我的肩膀上。A. followed跟随；B. controlled操控；C. watched观看；D. searched搜寻。根据前文“Years later, I sat in the cockpit (驾驶舱) as a first officer.”可知，作者是在“操控”飞机飞行。故选B项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空。 In recent years, food has ____36____ (obvious) become a new hot spot (热点) for Chinese cities to attract tourists. Following Zibo and Harbin, Tianshui, ____37____ ancient city in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, became the ____38____ (hot) tourists destination of 2024 because of malatang, a local street dish. Malatang, literally (字面上地) meaning “numbing (麻的), spicy, and hot” in Chinese, is a common street food that can ____39____ (find) all over China, but its tastes differ depending ____40____ the region (地区). In Tianshui, malatang is a mix of fresh ____41____ (vegetable) and meat boiled in a hot, spicy chicken soup. Tianshui went viral (走红) when a student ____42____ (post) a seven-second video in February on her social media. In the video, she suggested ____43____ (make) Gansu malatang a national dish. The video, ____44____ quickly received millions of likes online, attracted food lovers to the city _____45_____ (experience) this local dish firsthand. Malatang also helps attract more visits to key attractions in Tianshui, such as Maijishan Grottoes and Fuxi Temple. 【答案】36. obviously 37. an 38. hottest 39. be found 40. on##upon 41. vegetables 42. posted 43. making 44. which 45. to experience 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近年来美食成为中国城市吸引游客的新热点，继淄博、哈尔滨之后，中国西北甘肃省的古城天水因当地街头小吃麻辣烫成为2024年最热门的旅游目的地，并阐述了天水麻辣烫的特色以及天水因麻辣烫走红的原因。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：近年来，美食显然已成为中国城市吸引游客的新热点。空处修饰动词become，需用副词形式，obvious的副词是obviously，符合语境。故填obviously。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：继淄博、哈尔滨之后，中国西北甘肃省的古城天水，因当地街头小吃麻辣烫成为2024年最热门的旅游目的地。city为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一座古城”，ancient发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an，符合语境。故填an。 【38题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：继淄博、哈尔滨之后，中国西北甘肃省的古城天水，因当地街头小吃麻辣烫成为2024年最热门的旅游目的地。根据定冠词the以及语境“2024年（范围内）最热门的”可知，此处需用形容词hot的最高级形式hottest，符合语境。故填hottest。 【39题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：麻辣烫，在中文里字面意思是“麻、辣、烫”，是一种在中国随处可见的常见街头小吃，但不同地区的口味有所不同。that引导定语从句，先行词是a common street food，与find之间是被动关系，情态动词can后接be+过去分词构成被动语态，find的过去分词是found，符合语境。故填be found。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：麻辣烫，在中文里字面意思是“麻、辣、烫”，是一种在中国随处可见的常见街头小吃，但不同地区的口味有所不同。depend on/upon为固定短语，意为“取决于；依靠”。故填on/upon。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：在天水，麻辣烫是将新鲜的蔬菜和肉类在辛辣的鸡汤中煮熟而成的。vegetable为可数名词，此处表示泛指“新鲜的蔬菜”，需用复数形式vegetables，符合语境。故填vegetables。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：今年2月，一名学生在社交媒体上发布了一段7秒的视频，天水因此走红。根据时间状语in February以及语境可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时，post的过去式是posted，符合语境。故填posted。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在视频中，她建议将甘肃麻辣烫打造成国菜。suggest doing sth.为固定用法，意为“建议做某事”，空处需填动名词形式making，符合语境。故填making。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这段视频在网上迅速获得了数百万个赞，吸引了美食爱好者前往该市亲身体验这道当地美食。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The video，指物，在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这段视频在网上迅速获得了数百万个赞，吸引了美食爱好者前往该市亲身体验这道当地美食。attract sb. to do sth.为固定用法，意为“吸引某人做某事”，空处需填动词不定式to experience作宾语补足语。故填to experience。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，2026年世界中学生排球锦标赛（World Middle School Volleyball Championship）将在商洛市举办。目前，大赛组委会正在招募志愿者，请你写一封信，申请这个职位。内容包括： (1) 写信目的；(2) 个人优势；(3) 期待录用。 注意：(1) 写作词数应为80词左右；(2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir or Madam, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours faithfully, Li Hua 【答案】参考例文： Dear Sir or Madam, I am Li Hua, a Senior Two student who is enthusiastic about voluntary service. I am writing to formally apply for the volunteer position for the upcoming World Middle School Volleyball Championship to be held in Shangluo. I firmly believe I am qualified for this position. To begin with, having learned English for eight years, I am proficient in oral communication, which enables me to interact smoothly with foreign athletes and coaches. What’s more, as a devoted volleyball fan with a thorough understanding of its rules, I can offer professional assistance during the event. I sincerely anticipate being admitted and guarantee to spare no effort to fulfill my obligations. I would greatly appreciate your favorable consideration. Yours faithfully, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给2026年世界中学生排球锦标赛组委会写申请信，申请担任志愿者，内容需包含写信目的、个人优势以及期待录用。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 热情的：enthusiastic → passionate 即将到来的：upcoming → forthcoming 专业的：professional → specialized 履行：fulfill → perform 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I firmly believe I am qualified for this position. 拓展句：I hold the firm belief that I am qualified for this position. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am Li Hua, a Senior Two student who is enthusiastic about voluntary service.（运用了who引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】To begin with, having learned English for eight years, I am proficient in oral communication, which enables me to interact smoothly with foreign athletes and coaches.（运用了现在分词的完成式作状语以及which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I am a high school student, and I’ve always been shy and quiet. Speaking up, especially in front of my classmates, has always been difficult for me. In class, I tend to avoid the teacher’s look and rarely volunteer answers. I find myself more comfortable observing from the sidelines, quietly taking notes and participating only when absolutely necessary. So, when our teacher assigned a group project to create a mind map (思维导图) for a travel journal, I felt completely lost. It seemed like a huge task, and I had no idea where to begin. The thought of working with a group and contributing my ideas was difficult. We were supposed to work in groups of four, and I wasn’t sure if I could contribute enough to make it a success. I was stressed by the idea of cooperating with others, especially since I wasn’t sure whether I had the creative skills they would expect for something like a mind map. My friend Alice noticed my hesitation and immediately invited me to join her group. She said, “You should join Chris, Ryan, and me. You’re so creative, and I know that you’ll bring something great to the table.” She even mentioned how I had helped her before by creating small stories to memorize words, and how my creativity always surprised her. I was touched by her faith in me, but despite her encouragement, I was still unsure. I didn’t feel confident about my ability to contribute to the group, especially when it came to something as creative as a mind map. I feared that my ideas might not be good enough or that I would let the team down. The thought of standing out in front of everyone with my contributions felt challenging. But Alice insisted, gently encouraging me to give it a try, promising me that we could work together and that my creativity would be valuable. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After a bit of hesitation, I finally agreed to join. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next class, Alice and I presented our group’s mind map to the class. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 After a bit of hesitation, I finally agreed to join. Alice, Chris, and Ryan were welcoming, and we dove into the project. As we brainstormed, I felt more confident. Initially, I was hesitant to speak up, but Alice’s encouragement helped me push through. I suggested ideas for the mind map, including how to organize the sections. The others liked my suggestions, and I realized I had more to contribute. By the end, we had a solid plan, and I felt proud. When our teacher announced we would present, Alice turned to me and said, “You should present with me. You’ve done great work.” Despite my nervousness, I agreed, knowing with Alice by my side, I could manage the presentation. The next class, Alice and I presented our group’s mind map to the class. As she confidently explained how we had organized our ideas, I felt a mix of nervousness and excitement. When it was my turn, I took a deep breath and began explaining the sections I had worked on, focusing on using a timeline to connect the events in the travel journal. Alice highlighted my contributions, emphasizing that the creative idea was mine. The class nodded in approval, and our teacher smiled, offering positive feedback. Hearing the praise, I felt a rush of pride and relief. It wasn’t just about the project — it was about stepping out of my comfort zone and realizing I had something valuable to offer, something I had never fully recognized before. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述作为一名害羞的高中生，作者在小组合作完成旅行日志思维导图项目时倍感迷茫，担心自己无法胜任。好友爱丽丝察觉到作者的犹豫，邀请作者加入小组并肯定作者的创造力。虽仍有不安，但在她的鼓励下，作者开始尝试克服羞怯，思考如何在团队中发挥自身优势。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段内容“犹豫片刻后，我最终同意加入小组。”可以预测续写这段主要内容：作者在爱丽丝鼓励下加入小组，从犹豫到自信提出建议，最后答应和她一起做展示。 ②由第二段首句内容“下一节课，我和爱丽丝向全班展示了小组的思维导图。”可以预测续写这段主要内容：作者与爱丽丝展示小组思维导图，获认可，认识到自己走出舒适区的价值。 2.续写线索：同意加入小组——自信地提出建议——一起做展示——展示小组思维导图——获认可——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.帮助：help/assist/aid ②.建议：advise/suggest ③.说：say/ utter 情绪类 ①.焦虑：nervousness/anxiety/ worry ②.兴奋：excitement/thrill/exhilaration 【点睛】[高分句型1]. As we brainstormed, I felt more confident.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型2]. The others liked my suggestions, and I realized I had more to contribute.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） [高分句型3]. When it was my turn, I took a deep breath and began explaining the sections I had worked on, focusing on using a timeline to connect the events in the travel journal. （运用了省略which或that的定语从句和现在分词作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $