Unit 1 The lion and the mouse（易错题专项练习·基础知识）英语译林版三起六年级下册

Unit 1 The lion and the mouse 专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练 1.wake sb. up 的用法 2.some day和one day的区分 3.介词with的用法 4.help用法 5.be good at的用法 6.excited 和hard的用法 7.pour....into，bring和take的用法 8.句子的声调用法区分 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 高频易错点01 One day, a mouse walked by and woke the lion up.（P6） walk by 走过，路过 wake的过去时是woke，woke ....up 将...吵醒，叫醒 易错点提示 关于“动 - 介”“动 - 副”结构词组中宾语的位置 类似于 pick up/put on/take off/try on 等词组，加名词时，名词可以放中间也可以放后面，加代词宾格时，只能放在词组的中间。 口诀：代词放中间，名词靠两边。 即wake+名词+up = wake up +名词； wake +代词 + up Wake him up. It's time for breakfast. 把他喊醒。该吃早饭了。 Wake up Mike. It's eight o'clock. 把迈克叫醒，已经 8 点了。 小练笔 一、单项选择 ( )1．My grandma is sleeping. Don’t _____. A．wake up her B．wake she up C．wake her up ( )2．Who _____ you up this morning? A．wakes B．wake C．woke ( )3．Mum ______ Ben up every day, but this morning Dad ______ him up. A．woke; wakes B．wakes; woke C．woke; woke 二、填空题 4．My sister ______ (wake) me up early this morning. 5．Who _______ (wake) the lion up just now? 点拨 1. 答案：C 解析：“wake up”是“动-副”结构词组，接代词宾格时，代词必须放在词组中间。“her”是“she”的宾格形式，因此正确表达是“wake her up”，A选项代词放后面错误，B选项用了主格“she”错误。 2. 答案：C 解析：根据时间状语“this morning（今天早上）”，可知句子时态是一般过去时，“wake”的过去式是“woke”。A是一般现在时第三人称单数形式，B是动词原形，均不符合时态要求。 3. 答案：B 解析：前半句“every day（每天）”表示经常性动作，用一般现在时，主语“Mum”是第三人称单数，谓语用“wakes”；后半句“this morning（今天早上）”是过去时间，用一般过去时，“wake”的过去式是“woke”。 4. 答案：woke 解析：时间状语“this morning（今天早上）”表明动作发生在过去，“wake”的过去式是“woke”。 5. 答案：woke 解析：时间状语“just now（刚才）”是过去时间标志，“wake”的过去式是“woke”。 高频易错点02 One day, a mouse walked by and woke the lion up.（P6） Please don’t eat me，I can help you some day.（P6） one day 某一天（一般表示过去的某一天） some day 某一天（一般用于将来的某一天） 易错点提示 （1）one day一般在讲故事时经常会用到，表示的是过去有一天。如： One day, a monkey met a lion. 一天，一只猴子遇到了一只狮子。 One day, a mouse woke the lion up. 一天，一只老鼠吵醒了狮子。 （2）some day通常指将来某一天。如： I can help you some day. 将来某一天我会帮你的。 I hope I can go to the Moon some day. 我希望将来某一天能到月球上去。 小练笔 一、选词填空。 1. ______, a rabbit ran into the forest.（One day / Some day） 2. I believe I will visit the Great Wall ______.（One day / Some day） 二、英汉互译。 3. 翻译句子：One day, a bird sang a beautiful song for me. ______________________________________________ 4.翻译句子：我希望将来某一天能学会弹吉他。（用some day） __________________________________________________ 点拨 1. 答案：One day 解析：“ran（跑）”是过去式，对应“one day（表示过去的某一天）”的用法。 2. 答案：Some day 解析：“will visit（将要参观）”是将来时，对应“some day（表示将来的某一天）”的用法。 3. 翻译答案：有一天，一只鸟为我唱了一首动听的歌。 解析：“One day”译为“有一天（表过去）”，“sang”是“sing（唱歌）”的过去式。 4. 翻译答案：I hope I can learn to play the guitar some day. 解析：“将来某一天”用“some day”，“学会弹吉他”译为“learn to play the guitar”。 高频易错点03 The lion bit the net with his sharp teeth.（P7） bit 是bite的过去时，意为“咬” with为介词，表示“使用某种方法” 易错点提示1 with和use的用法区别 （1）with 表示“使用某种方式”。use，表示“使用”。两者可互换。如： Chinese use chopsticks to have meals. 中国人使用筷子来吃饭。 Chinese have meals with chopsticks. 中国人使用筷子来吃饭。 I use computer to write stories. 我用电脑来写故事。 I write stories with the computer. 我用电脑来写故事。 （2）with 是介词，而 use 是动词。 小练笔 1. The mouse made a big hole in the net with his teeth. (用 use 改写) ________________________________ 2. I use the computer to play games. (用 with 改写) ________________________________ 3. I play football with my friends every week. (用 and 改写) ________________________________ 4. People can use the phone to talk with others. (用 with 改写) ________________________________ 点拨 1. 答案：The mouse used his teeth to make a big hole in the net. 解析：原句用“with+工具”表方式，改写为“use+工具+to do”结构；原句是过去式，use变used。 2. 答案：I play games with the computer. 解析：原句“use+工具+to do”，改写为“do sth with+工具”结构。 3. 答案：My friends and I play football every week. 解析：原句“with”表伴随，用“and”连接并列主语（注意人称顺序）。 4. 答案：People can talk with others with the phone. 解析：原句“use+工具+to do”，改写为“do sth with+工具”，保留“talk with others”的搭配。 高频易错点04 The mouse helped the lion get out.（P8） help v./n.帮助，援助 help oneself 随便吃 can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 易错点提示 (1)help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 She helped me (to) carry the heavy box. （她帮我搬了重箱子。） Could you help him (to) finish his homework? （你能帮他完成作业吗？） (2)help sb. with sth. 在某事上帮助某人 说明：with 后接名词 / 代词，不能接动词原形 My teacher often helps me with my English. （我的老师经常帮我学英语。） Can you help her with the project? （你能帮她做这个项目吗？） 小练笔 一、单项选择题。 ( )1. We should help the old man ______ the heavy bag. A. carry B. carrying C. to carrying D. carries 2. Lisa often helps her classmates ______ their math problems. A. do B. with C. to D. in 3. —Can you help me ______ the party preparation? —Sure, I’d love to. A. prepare B. preparing C. with D. A and C 二、同义句转换。 4. My brother helped me clean the room. → My brother helped me ______ ______ the room. 5. Could you help her finish the report? → Could you help her ______ ______ ______? 点拨 1. 答案：A 解析：help sb. (to) do sth. 后接动词原形，故选carry。 2. 答案：B 解析：“在某事上帮助某人”用help sb. with sth.，故选with。 3. 答案：D 解析：help sb. (to) do sth.（接prepare）和help sb. with sth.（接with）都符合，故选A and C。 4. 答案：with cleaning 解析：help sb. do sth. 可转换为help sb. with doing sth.。 5. 答案：with the report 解析：help sb. finish sth. 可转换为help sb. with sth.。 高频易错点05 You are really good at table tennis.（P12） be good at 擅长 be good for 对...有好处 易错点提示 be good at = do well in，后面接名词或动名词 Yang Ling is good at playing the piano. =Yang Ling does well in playing the piano. 杨玲擅长弹钢琴。 小练笔 一、选择题 1. My sister is good ______ dancing. A. at B. for C. in D. to 2. Eating fresh vegetables is good ______ our health. A. at B. for C. in D. with 3. Tom ______ well in English. A. is good B. does C. do D. be good 二、同义句转换 4. She is good at singing. → She ______ ______ ______ singing. 5. Mike does well in ping pong. → Mike ______ ______ ______ ping pong. 点拨 1. 答案：A 解析：“擅长”用固定搭配be good at，后接动名词，故选at。 2. 答案：B 解析：“对……有好处”用固定搭配be good for，故选for。 3. 答案：B 解析：do well in是固定短语（与be good at同义），Tom是第三人称单数，故用does。 4. 答案：does well in 解析：be good at的同义短语是do well in，主语she是第三人称单数，用does。 5. 答案：is good at 解析：do well in的同义短语是be good at，主语Mike是第三人称单数，用is。 高频易错点06 Sam is too excited and he hits the ball hard.（P12） excited adj. 兴奋的，激动的 be excited about sth. 对某事感到兴奋 hard adv. 用力地，使劲地 易错点提示 (1)excited和exciting的用法区别 (2)hard的用法 1. 作形容词，表“硬的”： The bed is very hard. 这床很硬。 We can’t eat the hard bread. 我们不能吃这块硬面包。 2. 作副词，表“努力地、使劲地”： We must study hard. 我们必须努力学习。 Sam is too excited and he hits the ball hard. 萨姆太兴奋了，他使劲地把球打了出去。 小练笔 ( )1．Mike hit the ball ________. Then, he couldn’t find it. A．hard B．quick C．hardly ( )2．The children ______. They didn’t listen to their teacher. A．are talking excitedly B．talked excitedly C．talked exciting ( )3．The children are very _____. They played football _____. A．excitedly; excited B．excited; excited C．excited; excitedly ( )4．There ________ a football match in the school. All the students were very ________. A.is; excited B．was; excited C．was; exciting 点拨 1. 答案：A 解析：此处需副词修饰动词“hit（击打）”，hard作副词表“使劲地”；quick是形容词，hardly表“几乎不”，均不符合句意。 2. 答案：B 解析：后句“didn’t listen”是过去时，前句时态需一致，排除A；“兴奋地交谈”用副词“excitedly”修饰动词“talked”，exciting是形容词（修饰事物），故选B。 3. 答案：C 解析：第一空修饰人“children”，用形容词“excited（感到兴奋的）”；第二空修饰动词“played”，用副词“excitedly（兴奋地）”。 4. 答案：B 解析：后句“were”是过去时，前句there be句型需用过去式“was”；第二空修饰人“students”，用形容词“excited”，exciting修饰事物，故选B。 高频易错点07 He brings some water quickly and pours it into the hole.（P13） pour.....sth. into 把...倒进 bring v.带来，拿来，过去时是brought 易错点提示 bring和take的用法区分： （1）bring意思是“带来、拿来、取来”，指从别处把某人或某物带到或拿到说话者所在的地方。如： I'm hungry. Please bring some bread for me. 我饿了。请带些面包给我。 I'm ill. Can you bring me some fruit? 我病了。你能给我带些水果吗？ He brings some water quickly and pours it into the hole. 他很快取来一些水并倒进洞里。 （2）take意思是“带去、拿走”，与bring意思相反。指从说话者所在地把某人或某物带去或拿走。如： We'll take the students to the zoo. 我们将带学生到动物园去玩。 Sam took my storybook away. 萨姆把我的故事书拿走了。 小练笔 ( )1．The water is hot. Why did you _____ it _____ the plastic bottle? A．pours; in B．poured; into C．pour; into ( )2．The ball is ______ the hole. Sam brings some water and ______ it ______ the hole. A．on; pours; in B．in; pours; into C．on; pours; into ( )3．Helen learned to cook noodles. First, she _____ some water _____ the pot. A.picked; up B．poured; into C．took; into ( )4．They pour the water _______ the hole. A.to B．between C.into 点拨 1. 答案：C 解析：助动词“did”后接动词原形，排除A、B；“把……倒进”用“pour...into”，选C。 2. 答案：B 解析：球应是“在洞里（in the hole）”，排除A、C；“把水倒进洞”用“pour...into”，选B。 3. 答案：B 解析：煮面条先“把水倒进锅”，“pour...into”符合；A是“捡起”，C搭配错误，选B。 4. 答案：C 解析：“把水倒进洞”用“pour...into”，选C。 高频易错点08 句子的 Intonation（P11） Where are you going? To the sweet shop. What do you want to buy? A lollipop. Who is it for? The boy over there. What will he say? It doesn't matter. 易错点提示 1. 降调一般用在陈述句、感叹句和特殊疑问句等句式中，可用“↘”表示；升调一般用在一般疑问句中，可用“↗”表示。 2. 祈使句可升可降，升调一般表示语气较委婉，降调一般表示语气较强硬。 小练笔 判断下面句子的语调是(T)否(F)为降调。 1. Do you throw rubbish on the floor? ( ) 2. What are you doing? ( ) 3. No, I didn’t. ( ) 4. Please pick an orange for me. ( ) 5. Did the lion eat the mouse? ( ) 点拨 1.句意：你把垃圾扔在地板上吗？句子是一般疑问句，应用升调，故答案为F。 2.句意：你在做什么？句子是特殊疑问句，应用降调，故答案为T。 3.句意：不，我没有。句子是否定答语，应用降调，故答案为T。 4.句意：请给我摘一个橘子。句子是祈使句，应用降调，故答案为T。 5.句意：狮子吃老鼠了吗？句子是一般疑问句，应用升调，故答案为F。 综合训练 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1．My sister ______ (wake) me up early this morning. 2．The mouse _____ (bite) the net, but that didn’t help. 3．The lion was hungry. It _________ (bite) the meat _________ (quick) 4．Look! The young men _____ (cut) down the trees. They want to use wood _____ (make) a new house. 5．The boys are _______ about this _______ football match. (excite) 6．The boy ______ (hit) the ball too hard, so his hand hurt. 7．The mouse helped the lion ______ (get) out yesterday. 8．—________ your cousin good at ________? (swim) 9．A cat ______ (walk) by and ______ (catch) a big mouse before you came in. 10．Everyone knows that if Tom works ______ (hard), he will do much better. 二、单项选择题 ( )1．Can you help me ________ the ball? A．reach B．reached C．reaches ( )2．His mother always _________, but he never gets up quickly. A．wakes up him B．wakes him up C．woke him up ( )3．—What happened? —The dog ______ my leg _____ its sharp teeth. A．bited; used B．bit; with C．bit; used ( )4．She was ______, and she told us the news ______. A．excited; happily B．excited; happy C．excitedly; happily ( )5．The ball is ______ the hole. Sam brings some water and ______ it ______ the hole. A．on; pours; in B．in; pours; into C．on; pours; into ( )6．—________ did the men catch the lion? —________ a large net. A．Why; With B．How; With C．How; In ( )7．—______ you good at running? —Yes. I often ______ in the running races in my school. A．Can; win B．Are; win C．Are; wins ( )8．The lion let the mouse _____. A．goes B．went C．go ( )9．Is there a football under the desk? 下列句子中，哪个句子的语调与所给例句的语调相同，请找出来。 A．How can you help me? B．Does Mike have a healthy diet? C．What do you want to buy? ( )10．My sister is a ________ girl. She always laughs ________. A．happy; happily B．happily; happy C．happily; happily 三、句型转换 1．The students are shouting. They are excited. (合并成一句) The students are ______ ______. 2．The mouse used his teeth to make a big hole in the net. (改为同义句) The mouse ______ a big hole in the net ______ his teeth. 3．The two men caught the lion with a large net. (对划线部分提问) _____ _____ the two men _____ the lion? 4．Jane woke up early this morning. (改为否定句) Jane _________ _________ up early this morning. 5．The policeman let the man go. (改为一般疑问句) _____ the policeman _____ the man go? 6．He makes toys with bottles. (同义句转换) He _______ bottles _______ make toys. 四、汉译英，根据中文提示补全句子。 1．当我路过森林时，我发现了一只大象。 When I ______ ______ the forest, I found an elephant. 2．狮子用力咬网，但是没有用。 The lion ________ the net ________, but it didn’t help. 3．小老鼠走过去时，把狮子吵醒了。 Little mouse ______________ the lion ____________ when he walked by. 4．他很快弄来些水，并把它倒进了洞里。 He ________ some water ________ and ________ the hole. 5．波比真的擅长打乒乓球。 Bobby is really ______ at ______ table tennis. 6．树上的苹果太高了，我够不到他们。 The apples ______ the tree are too high. I can’t ______ them. 7．昨天刘涛在地上发现了一个洞。 Liu Tao ____ a ____ ____ the ground yesterday. 8．狮子用它锋利的牙齿咬网，但那无济于事。 The lion ____ the net ____ his sharp teeth, but that ____ help. 参考答案 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. 答案：woke 解析：时间状语“this morning”表过去，“wake”的过去式为“woke”。 2. 答案：bit 解析：后句“didn’t help”是过去时，前句时态一致，“bite”的过去式为“bit”。 3. 答案：bit；quickly 解析：前半句“was hungry”是过去时，“bite”用过去式“bit”；后半句修饰动词“bit”需用副词，“quick”的副词形式为“quickly”。 4. 答案：are cutting；to make 解析：“Look!”提示现在进行时，主语“the young men”是复数，用“are cutting”；“use sth. to do sth.”是固定结构，故第二空填“to make”。 5. 答案：excited；exciting 解析：第一空修饰人“the boys”，用“excited”（感到兴奋的）；第二空修饰事物“football match”，用“exciting”（令人兴奋的）。 6. 答案：hit 解析：后句“hurt”是过去式（hurt过去式与原形同形），前句时态一致，“hit”的过去式为“hit”。 7. 答案：(to) get 解析：“help sb. (to) do sth.”是固定结构，“to”可省略，故填“(to) get”。 8. 答案：Is；swimming 解析：“be good at”是固定搭配，主语“your cousin”是单数，用“Is”；“at”后接动名词，“swim”的动名词形式为“swimming”。 9. 答案：walked；caught 解析：时间状语“before you came in”表过去，“walk”和“catch”均用过去式，分别为“walked”“caught”。 10. 答案：hard 解析：修饰动词“works”需用副词，“hard”作副词时表“努力地”，符合句意，故填“hard”。 二、单项选择题 1. 答案：A 解析：“help sb. do sth.”是固定结构，后接动词原形，“reach”为原形，故选A。 2. 答案：B 解析：前半句“always”表经常性动作，用一般现在时，主语“His mother”是第三人称单数，“wake up”是“动-副”结构，接代词宾格“him”需放中间，故选B。 3. 答案：B 解析：问句“happened”是过去时，答句时态一致，“bite”的过去式为“bit”；“用锋利的牙齿”表方式，用介词“with”，故选B。 4. 答案：A 解析：第一空作表语修饰人“she”，用形容词“excited”；第二空修饰动词“told”，用副词“happily”，故选A。 5. 答案：B 解析：“球在洞里”用“in the hole”，排除A、C；“把水倒进洞”用固定搭配“pour...into”，故选B。 6. 答案：B 解析：答句“用一张大网”表方式，问句需用“how”提问；“用某种工具/方式”用介词“with”，故选B。 7. 答案：B 解析：“擅长”用“be good at”，主语“you”对应“are”，排除A；后半句“often”表一般现在时，主语“I”是第一人称，用动词原形“win”，故选B。 8. 答案：C 解析：“let sb. do sth.”是固定结构，后接动词原形，“go”为原形，故选C。 9. 答案：B 解析：例句“Is there...?”是一般疑问句，用升调；A、C是特殊疑问句，用降调；B是一般疑问句，用升调，故选B。 10. 答案：A 解析：第一空作定语修饰名词“girl”，用形容词“happy”；第二空修饰动词“laughs”，用副词“happily”，故选A。 三、句型转换 1. 答案：shouting excitedly 解析：原句“兴奋地大喊”可合并为“shouting excitedly”，用现在分词短语作伴随状语，故填“shouting excitedly”。 2. 答案：made；with 解析：原句“用牙齿咬洞”可转换为“make a hole...with teeth”，原句是过去时，“make”用过去式“made”，故填“made；with”。 3. 答案：How did；catch 解析：划线部分“用一张大网”表方式，用“how”提问；原句是过去时，助动词用“did”，“caught”还原为原形“catch”，故填“How did；catch”。 4. 答案：didn’t wake 解析：原句是过去时，否定句需用“didn’t”+动词原形，“woke”还原为“wake”，故填“didn’t wake”。 5. 答案：Did；let 解析：原句是过去时，一般疑问句需用“did”开头，“let”还原为原形，故填“Did；let”。 6. 答案：uses；to 解析：原句“用瓶子做玩具”可转换为“use sth. to make sth.”，原句是一般现在时，主语“he”是第三人称单数，“use”用“uses”，故填“uses；to”。 四、汉译英 1. 答案：walked by 解析：“路过”用“walk by”，后半句“found”是过去时，前句时态一致，“walk”用过去式“walked”，故填“walked by”。 2. 答案：bit；hard 解析：“咬”用“bite”，后半句“didn’t help”是过去时，“bite”用过去式“bit”；“用力地”用副词“hard”，故填“bit；hard”。 3. 答案：woke；up 解析：“把……吵醒”用“wake...up”，后半句“walked”是过去时，“wake”用过去式“woke”，故填“woke；up”。 4. 答案：brought；quickly；poured it into 解析：“弄来（带来）”用“bring”，过去式为“brought”；“很快地”用副词“quickly”；“把它倒进”用“pour it into”，过去式“poured”，故填“brought；quickly；poured it into”。 5. 答案：good；playing 解析：“擅长”用“be good at”，“at”后接动名词，“打乒乓球”用“play table tennis”，“play”的动名词形式为“playing”，故填“good；playing”。 6. 答案：on；reach 解析：“树上的苹果”（外来物）用“on the tree”；“够到”用“reach”，情态动词“can’t”后接原形，故填“on；reach”。 7. 答案：found；hole on 解析：“发现”用“find”，过去式为“found”；“一个洞”用“a hole”；“在地上”用“on the ground”，故填“found；hole on”。 8. 答案：bit；with；didn’t 解析：“咬”用“bite”，过去式为“bit”；“用锋利的牙齿”用“with his sharp teeth”；“无济于事”即“没有帮助”，用“didn’t help”，故填“bit；with；didn’t”。 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $