Unit 5 Section Ⅱ Understanding ideas-【新课程能力培养】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册学习手册（外研版）

Unit 5 Learning from nature SectionⅡ Understanding ideas 1.读文章，梳理文章结构，了解文中提及的三个代表性建筑的特色和艺术灵感来源。 学习目标 2.感知课文的结构和语言，掌握和运用课文中与话题相关的表达。 必备 单词 architect superb frontier 知识 短语 take...for granted an example of convert...into respond to 关键能力 读 The design reduces the need for 9. 文脉梳理 and 10. _so the building uses Nature in Architecture的语篇类型为说 11. and costs less to run. 明文，介绍了人类从自然界中获得灵感进行 The Algae House,in Hamburg,Germany 建筑设计的情况，并列举了新加坡ArtScience makes 12. part of a building.By us- Museum、津巴布韦The Eastgate Centre和德 ing algae,the building not only 13. 国The Algae House三个代表性建筑及其艺 and 14. but also 术灵感来源，旨在引导读者从这些例子中获 15 得启发，深入思考人类与自然的关系，尊重 by generating its own 自然规律，与自然和谐相处。请按照段落顺 renewable energy. 序，完成对本文的梳理。 All in all,nature inspired buildings enable Nature has inspired many of the most fas- us to 16. cinating designs around us,including those in 品鉴语言 architecture.Today,architects continue to ex- plore ways to 1. to 在完成汉译英的过程中，体验和感悟 2. or even to 3. 文章中语言表达的准确、生动与细腻。 Nature in Architecture Singapore's ArtScience Museum was de- Trees,plants and flowers are all around signed to show 4. us and we enjoy their beauty every day.In fact, It gets inspiration from we 1. (如此习惯了它们) 5. and truly captures 6. that we may even 2. (把 它们视为理所当然)without realising how Harare's Eastgate Centre is a superb ex- much inspiration they have given us.When we ample of 7. It is inspired by 8. look at a pine cone,we might think how much 学 65 高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版） it looks like the tiles on a roof.An open flower building's plumbing system.Visitors are often might make us think 3. amazed to find themselves in an urban building (它和雨伞多么 that so 12. 相似).It is natural to think in this way,.but of (真实地捕捉到自然形态之美)， course it wasn't the umbrella that 4. The Eastgate Centre,Harare (给了花朵灵感)or the roof that Harare's Eastgate Centre is 13. inspired the pine cone. (极好的仿生学范 Nature has inspired many of the most )To use biomimicry is to create structures fascinating designs around us,including those 14. in architecture.From Barcelona's 5. (基于自然形态和过程).Zimbabwean archi- (森林般的)Sagrada Familia to the tect Mick Pearce was inspired to create the modern style of Beijing's Water Cube,nature Centre while watching 15. (自然纪 6. 录片)in which termites were constructing (体现在各式各样的建筑设计中).Today, their nests.The insects built mounds covered architects continue to 7. in little holes designed to allow air to move (探索捕捉自然形态 freely in and out of the mounds.16. 之美的方法)，to8. (模仿 (以相似的方式)，the Eastgate Centre has a 自然运行的方式)or even to make natural “skin”covered in holes.During the day, organisms part of a building. warm air 17. (被引入)he build- ArtScience Museum,Singapore ing through the holes,cooling as it reaches the People whose interest is 9. (探： middle of the building.At night,the heat ab- 索关系)between art and science will enjoy sorbed by the wall during the day warms Singapore's ArtScience Museum.The building the cool air,creating a comfortable tempera- was designed to show the connection between ture inside.The design reduces the need for nature and the modern city environment in 18. which it sits.10. (传统的空调和供暖系统)，so the building us- (形状像一朵莲花)，itap- es less energy and 19. (运行成本低). pears to float above the waterfront promenade The Algae House,Hamburg and the water that surrounds it.Its roof col- The world's first algae-powered building lects rainwater and 11. is in Hamburg,Germany.The surface of the (把雨水顺着管道向下输 apartment building is covered in panels that 送35米)to a waterfall in the centre of the contain algae.The algae 20. space.The water is then recycled through the 66)学 Unit 5 Leaming from nature (以液体营养素和二氧化碳为养料)toen- 、 写牛刀小试 courage them to grow.21. (在明媚 ①He warns people not to. 的阳光里，they grow faster and provide (把他们的健康视作理所应 shade.The panels also capture heat from the 当)，just as he used to do. sun and 22. (把它转换为能量) ②不要想当然地认为父母应该照顾我们： that powers the building.And that's not all- the algae inside the panels can be harvested and used to produce fuel.The building there- 2.respond to fore not only 23. (对自然作出回： (1)对…作出反应；回复 and uses less energy,but also 24. How did everyone respond to the news? (减少对环境的损害)by25. 大家对新闻作何反应？ (产生可再生能源) Customers responded favorably to the Creating buildings such as these 26. products..顾客对产品反响不错。 (2)拓展：response n.回应，反应；回复 (使我们能与 in response to..回应 我们的环境更和谐地相处).27 make response to/make no response作出 (为了满足当今的需求)while pro- 反应/没有反应 tecting the world of tomorrow may be a chal- 图牛刀小试 lenge,but even the simplest organisms can ① help teach us how to achieve this. (对家长的抱怨作出回应)，many cities extend school hours. 重点知识 ②他们对慈善事业作出了积极的回应。 1.take...for granted (1)认为…理所当然 We can't take his help for granted.我们 3In winter,your body will be slow to. 不能把他的帮助当作理所应当。 (2)take.for granted接that从句作宾语时， (作出回应)temperature changes. 常用it作形式宾语，构成take it for 3.强调句 granted that... 文中“it wasn't the umbrella that in- Don't take it for granted that everyone spired the flower or the roof that inspired the should help you.不要理所应当地认为大 pine cone”是两个并列的强调句。强调句的 家该帮你。 基本结构是Itis/was+被强调的部分+that+其 他部分，被强调的部分指人时可用who代替 67 高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版） that,该句型可用来强调句子的主语、宾语 flower..后者更强调图书馆被有意塑造成莲花 或状语。 的形状。 It was not what you say but what you do 写牛刀小试 that really counts.真正重要的不是你说了什： 试着翻译下面的句子。 么，而是你做了什么。 ①游泳池呈心形。 强调句最大的特点是去掉基本结构后， 剩余部分结构和意义依旧完整。 ②这个岛原先为圆形。 国牛刀小试 ①我们就是在这家博物馆里见到这幅名画的。 ③这款新型香水装在坦克形状的瓶子里。 ④他住在一个L形的房间里。 ②他是在门口把消息告诉我的。 文化趣谈 ③It was L.ArtScience Museum,Singapore新加坡 (由于恶劣天气)that the match was put 艺术科学博物馆是世界首个艺术科学博物 off. 馆，融合了艺术、科学、文化和科技等多方 4.shape n.v. 面展览。博物馆外形似莲花，共分为10个 Shaped to resemble a lotus flower,it ap- 独立区域，由于其新颖独特的外形也被称为 pears to float above the waterfront promenade.. “新加坡的欢迎之手(The Welcoming Hand shaped在这里是shape的过去分词形；of Singapore)”。 式。shape作为动词时，常见意思是“使成 2.The Eastgate Centre,Harare哈拉雷东 为…形状（或样子）；塑造”。shaped to门大厦坐落于津巴布韦，是该国最大的办公 resemble a lotus flower是过去分词短语作状：与购物综合体。大厦运用了仿生学理念，设 语，其逻辑主语和句子的主语t(这里指代计灵感来源于白蚁巢穴。大楼内部没有安装 Singapore's ArtScience Museum)是被动关：空调，耗能低，却也温度宜人，是实实在在 系，相当于“Because the museum is shaped to: 的绿色建筑。 resemble a lotus flower”这种省略结构。也 3.The Algae House,Hamburg汉堡藻屋 就是说，博物馆被塑造成像莲花的样子。 是世界上首座外部镶嵌生物反应器的建筑 shape常用作名词，使用的短语是in the:物，其表面覆盖着能够吸收能量并转化为电 shape of。博物馆形状是一朵莲花，通常翻： 能的海藻，使得楼体在能源方面理论上是自 译成：The museum is in the shape of a lotus给自足的。 flower.The museum is shaped like a lotus 68)学 Unit 5 Learning from nature 利用仿生技术，在自然形态和过程的基础上 参考译文 创造建筑结构。津巴布韦建筑师米克·皮尔 建筑中的自然元素 斯在一部大自然纪录片中看到白蚁筑造蚁 我们身边都有花、草、树木，并且每天穴，从中得到启发，设计了东门大厦。这种 都能欣赏到它们的美。事实上，我们已经习 昆虫搭建表面覆有小洞的蚁丘，以保证蚁丘 惯了它们的存在，甚至可能把它们视为理所：内外部的空气流通。东门大厦也用了相似的 当然，却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵：方法，在大厦的“皮肤”上设计了很多洞。 感。看到一个松果，我们可能会想它看起来：白天，暖空气通过洞口被引入建筑内部，在 多么像屋顶上的瓦片；看到一朵绽开的花，：流向建筑中部的过程中冷却下来。夜间，墙 我们可能会觉得它和雨伞是多么相似。以这：壁吸收的热量使冷空气变暖，创造着适宜的 种方式思考是很自然的，但当然不是雨伞给：内部温度条件。该设计减少了对传统空调和 了花朵灵感，也不是屋顶给了松果灵感。 供暖系统的需求，因此建筑运行能耗和成本 我们身边许多最迷人的设计，包括建筑：都较低。 设计，它们的灵感都来自大自然。从巴塞罗 汉堡藻屋 那森林般的圣家族大教堂到现代风格的北京 世界上第一座藻类能源建筑位于德国汉 水立方，在各式各样的建筑设计中都能发现 堡。公寓楼表面的面板上覆盖着藻类。藻类 自然元素。如今，建筑师不断探寻捕捉自然：以液体营养素和二氧化碳为养料，促进自身 形态之美的方法，模仿自然运行的方式，或：生长。阳光明媚的时候，它们长得更快，可 者让自然生物融为建筑的一部分。 以遮阴。这些面板还可以吸收太阳的热量， 新加坡艺术科学博物馆 并将其转化为电能，给建筑物供电。除此之 对探索艺术与科学的关系感兴趣的人会：外，面板内的藻类可以收集起来，做燃料 乐于参观新加坡的艺术科学博物馆。该建筑用。因此，该建筑不仅能够适应环境，减少 旨在展示自然和现代城市环境之间的联系。：能耗，而且自身可以产生可再生能源，减少 它的形状像一朵莲花，漂浮在海滨长廊上，： 对环境的危害。 四周被水环绕。它的屋顶可收集雨水，雨水 创造这样的建筑物能够使我们与我们的 顺着管道向下输送35米到达博物馆中心的：环境更和谐地共存。保护明天的世界，同时 瀑布。然后，水通过建筑的管道系统循环使：满足当下的需求，这可能是一项挑战，但即 用。当置身于这样一座真实地捕捉到自然形：使是最简单的生物也能帮忙，教我们如何实 态之美的城市建筑中时，参观者常常对其：现目标。 叹为观止。 哈拉雷东门大厦 哈拉雷东门大厦是极好的仿生学范例， 学(69高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版） 6.through 三、短语英汉互译 1.go through 2.hold out one's arms 3.as if/as though 4.change one's mind 5.the difference be- tween..and.6.机械模仿7.一跳8.适应9.绝望 的表情10.提供线索 四、句子英汉互译 1.我喜欢罗布特，我觉得这是最重要的。 2.山坡非常平缓，即使吉米穿着厚重的太空服也不 能阻碍他跳着跃向山坡，就好像引力不存在一样。 3.罗布特只是被设定好假装很爱你。 4.小小的机器狗自出现以来从未被抱得那么紧，它 发出尖细且急促的叫声，那是快乐的叫声。 5.The desperate look on his face meant he wouldn't change his mind. 6.Early pioneers went through hardships to settle on a new land. 五、句式转换 1.I love Robutt and that's what counts. 2.Jimmy held out his arms and Robutt was in them in one bound. 3.The slope was a gentle one and even the weight of the spacesuit couldn't keep Jimmy from racing up it in a floating hop that made the gravity seem nonexistent. 拓展训练 【.语法填空 Unit 5 Learnir Section I Starting out 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.nature;natural;naturally 2.inspire;inspiration;in- spiring;inspired 3.patience;patient;impatient;patiently 4.strong;strength;strengthen 二、短语英汉互译 1.regard...as 2.be patient with 3.be stuck in 4.adopt a new approach5.灵感来源6.持续，继续 7.有关，关于8.追上，赶上 三、句子英汉互译 1.The poem was inspired by the trip to Paris. 2.他绝不会采纳任何一条建议。 104 1.If 2.is 3.has been translated 4.to attend 5.characters 6.On 7.to accompany 8.historically 9.the 10.which Ⅱ.阅读理解 1-4ACAA Ⅲ.七选五 1~5 CDAFB Section V Presenting ideas 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.advance 2.regular 3.inconsistent;consistency 二、单句语法填空 1.to go 2.to use 3.consistent 4.in 5.that 三、短语英汉互译 1.cry out 2.in shock 3.wave at 4.start up 5.越狱6.（机器）出故障7.确信8.与…一致 四、句子英汉互译 1.他震惊地大叫并且朝桌子上方的屏幕挥手。 2.那里的机器人迟早会出故障。 3.Shy people might not have enough confidence to start up a conversation with strangers. 4.What comments will you make on this proposal? 5.It was not until 19th century that his gift got fully recognised. ig from nature Section ll Understanding ideas 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.architect;architecture;architectural 2.associate; associated;association 3.surround;surrounding;sur- roundings 4.nutrition 5.respond;response 6.harmo- ny;harmonious 二、单句语法填空 1.with 2.reading 3.it 4.in 5.amazed 6.surrounding 7.based 8.is constructed 9.to cover 10.to build 11.to work 12.that 三、短语英汉互译 1.associate...with../be associated with 2.be used to 3.take...for granted 4.a superb example of 5.re- spond to6.be in harmony with7.建筑学前沿8.被 引入9.目的是，旨在10.被…所吸收11.以… 为食，用…喂养12.把…转换成… 四、句子英汉互译 1.Losing my job taught me never to take anything for granted. 2.He is an experienced driver and he is used to driving at night. 3.When the students saw the famous architect,they got so excited that they cried out 4.They converted the old school into luxury flats. 5.事实上，我们已经习惯了它们的存在，甚至可能把 它们视为理所当然，却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。 6.大自然体现在各式各样的建筑设计中。 7.这些面板还可以吸收太阳的热量，并转化为电 能，给建筑物供电。 五、句式转换 1.An open flower might make us think how closely it resembles an umbrella. 2.But of course it wasn't the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone. 3.Today,architects continue to explore ways to capture the beauty of natural forms,to mimic the way nature works or even to make natural organisms part of a building. 4.The insects built mounds covered in little holes designed to allow air to move freely in and out of the mounds. 5.The building therefore not only responds to its environment and uses less energy,but also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy. 拓展训练 I.阅读理解 A:1~4 BDCB B:1~4 DCCB Ⅱ.完形填空 1-5 DCBCA 6~10 BDCAD 11~15 CBADA Section ll Using language 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.wisdom;wise 2.solution;solve 3.employ;em- ployment;employer;employee 4.physician;physical; 参考答案。 physically::物理学家 二、单句语法填空 1.cut 2.original 3.of 4.Observe 5.solving/to be solved 6.will be employed 7.to avoid 8.inspired 9.in 10.beneficial 三、短语英汉互译 1.be supposed to 2.seek solutions to 3.take inspi- ration from 4.be known as 5.come into being 6. 生，发生7.被誉为，有…成就8.被视为…， 与…等同9.高龄10.心理上的好处 拓展训练 I.阅读理解 A:1~4 ABCD B:1~4 BDCA Ⅱ.完形填空 1~5 DDAAB 6~10 DABDB 11~15 ACACB n Section IV Developing ideas 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.deliberately;deliberate 2.domestic;domestically 3.depressive;depress;depression 4.depart;departure 5.pure;purely;purify 6.fulfillment;fulfill 7.evaluate; evaluation 二、单句语法填空 1.have reacted 2.influential 3.a 4.of 5.de- parture 6.description 7.emphasis 8.purify 9.reac- tion 10.considerable 三、短语英汉互译 1.in return for 2.a reaction to 3.be opposed to 4.in contrast to 5.devote oneself to 6.at ease with 7.永远8.从…中获得乐趣9.从…中退出10.使 自己顺从于，安于11.物质欲望12.幸福感和满足感 四、句子英汉互译 1.Even though the two attitudes are polar opposites, they share the same goal. 2.We get many benefits in return for our taxes. 3.The injury has forced him to withdraw from the competition. 4.You don't have to resign yourself to doing a job that you don't enjoy. 5.表面上看，这两个人生活在不同的时代，相隔近 一千五百年，迥然不同。 6.然而，他们都非常尊重自然，这使得他们在各自 105