Unit 6 Section Ⅱ Understanding ideas-【新课程能力培养】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册学习手册（外研版）

Unit 6 Space and beyond SectionⅡ Understanding ideas 1.了解“挑战者号”航天飞机失事的过程以及其对人类航天史的重要意义。 学习目标 2.体会人物的情感变化，感受这次空难带来的重大影响。 3.感悟人类在太空探索过程中不畏艰难、勇往直前的意志品质。 notion 单词 unexceptional communicate shuttle witness tragically shadow disastrous 必备 scream suspend crew sacrifice demonstrate civilian 知识 set foot on become accustomed to one's heart in one's mouth go wrong take off tune in 短语 call to cast a shadow on/over reach for the stars 关键能力 读 of the Challenger programme. 文脉梳理 What was done in the three years fol- The Call of the Challenger的语篇类型为 lowing the disaster? 论说文，讲述了“挑战者号”航天飞机失事 Space shuttle flights were 7. 的经过。这次失败给美国的太空探索计划和 for nearly three years while the cause of the 民众心理都造成了巨大的影响，尽管如此， disaster was 8. and some of the 也未能阻挡人们探索太空的脚步。请根据课 shuttle's components were 9. 文内容，完成与“挑战者号”航天飞机相 Which shuttle followed the Challenger, 关的事实档案，进一步解读课文。 and when was it launched? What was special about the Challenger 10. followed the Challenger, launch? and was launched on 29 September 1988. It was special because Christa McAuliffe 品鉴语言 aged 37,an 1. teacher and mother, was about to become the first 2. in 在完成汉译英的过程中，体验和感悟文 space. 章中语言表达的准确、生动与细腻。 What was the teacher's mission on The Call of the Challenger board the Challenger? Ever since Neil Armstrong first 1. She planned to give two 15-minute (踏上)the Moon back on20July lessons from 3. the first to 1969,people have 2. (习惯于) demonstrate the 4. of the space- the notion of space travel.Millions watched craft and explain how 5. worked. that first lunar landing on black and white and the second to describe the 6. television sets,3. (心都跳到 高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） 了嗓子眼儿)，aware of how arduous and haz- Christa hoped to 9. (传达激动 ardous an undertaking it was,and of the many 之情)and rekindle interest in the space pro- things that could go wrong.With Armstrong's gramme.With the eyes of students across the now famous words "That's one small step for nation upon her,she might have inspired an man,one giant leap for mankind",what had entirely new generation of astronauts and once been considered impossible had now space scientists. been achieved.Guided by a computer that was Tragically,she never returned to her much less powerful than the ones used by to- classroom as the shuttle exploded just over a day's average school students,all three astro- minute after taking off in Florida,and all sev- nauts of the Apollo 11 mission 4. en astronauts on board were killed.The world (安全返回地球) 10. (震惊了)，most people Following the Moon landings,space tra- having assumed that this space flight would be vel 5. (迅速成为公众眼中的 11. (不会比乘飞机更危险). 寻常之事)，as innovations succeeded each: How wrong they had been!Instantaneously, other.By the early 1980s,the great rockets excitement and optimism 12. previously used in the American space pro- (化为恐惧和挫败).It was the most disastrous gramme had been replaced by the space space accident ever,and it 13. shuttle..When the Challenger space shuttle(给人们心里蒙上了阴影). took off on 28 January 1986,the world 6. "I can remember that day so clearly, (似乎已经失去了新鲜感)the watching the take-off on TV at school,”said amazing achievements of the astronauts in- one student."There was an ordinary teacher volved.But this was going to be no ordinary on the Challenger,and we were all very ex- excursion,and millions of people 7. cited.We didn't have much patience waiting (打开电视，共同见证这次发射).It for the launch.We had seen the smiling faces was special because Christa McAuliffe aged 37,of the astronauts waving to the world as they an ordinary teacher and mother,was about to stepped into the shuttle.Then,little more than 8. (成为第一位到访太空的普a minute after take-of,we saw a strange red 通公民).She planned to give two 15-minute and orange light in the sky,l4. lessons from orbit:the first to demonstrate the:(紧接着是一大团白烟).The Challenger had controls of the spacecraft and explain how exploded in mid-air and we all started scream- gravity worked,and the second to describe the ing." objectives of the Challenger programme. Following the shock of the Challenger 80)学 Unit 6 Space and beyond disaster,space shuttle flights were suspended much they are proud of their kids. for nearly three years while the cause of the 保守的中国父母从来不习惯直接表达他们 disaster was investigated,and some of the 多么以孩子为荣。 shuttle's components were redesigned.But 国牛刀小试 15. (毫无疑问)manned ①或许过三四个月你就会习惯这个环境了。 flights would continue,and on 29 September 1988,the space shuttle programme resumed 16. (随着…的成功发射) ②据说墨西哥人习惯于抑制他们的感情。 Discovery. It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger and although the lives of its 2.take crew 17. (英年早逝)，they take off脱下（衣服）；（飞机等）起飞； take their place alongside the other heroes of 突然成功；休息，休假 space exploration,such as Gagarin,Tereshko- We eventually took off at 11 o'clock and va,Armstrong and Yang Liwei.The memory arrived in Juneau at 1:30. of those seven will live forever,written in the 我们终于在11点起飞，1：30到达朱诺。 stars,18. (激励我们加入他 take on呈现；雇用；承担（责任） f们）humanity's greatest journey of explo- He's spoken to a publishing company. ration and discovery.The sacrifice of the They're going to take him on. Challenger calls to us,reminding us that we 他已经跟一家出版公司谈过了。他们将聘 must continue to 19. (探索) 用他。 the stars,20. (不管星空看起 take over接手；接管 来多么遥不可及)： I'm going to take over the company one 重点知识 day. 我总有一天会接管这家公司。 1.accustomed take down写下；（从高处）取下；拆除 be/get accustomed to doing)sth.=be/get Albert took the portrait down from the wall. used to(doing)sth.习惯于，适应于 阿尔伯特从墙上取下那幅肖像画。 My eyes slowly grew accustomed to the dark. take up开始从事；继续；占据（空间或 我的眼睛慢慢适应了黑暗。 时间)》 Conservative Chinese parents are never He did not particularly want to take up a accustomed to conveying directly how competitive sport. 81 高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） 他并没有特别想要开始从事竞技性运动 参考译文 项目。 take back收回（说过的话）；退回（从商 “挑战者号”的呼唤 店购买的货物) 自从1969年7月20日尼尔·阿姆斯特 Take back what you said about Jeremy! 朗首次登月以来，人们已习惯于太空旅行这 收回你说的有关杰里米的话！ 个概念。数百万人在黑白电视机前观看了首 国牛刀小试 次登月，为此激动得心都提到了嗓子眼儿， DThe accident happened as the jet was about 因为大家都明白这是一项多么艰难、多么危 to take off. 险的任务，许多地方都可能出错。伴随着阿 姆斯特朗说出那句名言“这是个人的一小 步，却是人类的一大步”，曾被认为是不可 2She refused to take on the traditional woman's 能的事情如今已经实现了。执行“阿波罗 role 11号”任务的三位宇航员在一台计算机的 指导下安全返回地球，这台计算机的功能远 不如当今普通学校的学生使用的计算机强大。 3She decided that I was the ideal person to 登月后，随着新事物接连出现，宇宙航 take over the job 行迅速成为公众眼中的寻常之事。20世纪 80年代早期，美国太空计划中使用的大型 火箭已被航天飞机所代替。当“挑战者号” 4They prepared to take down what he would 航天飞机于1986年1月28日发射时，对于 say in shorthand. 宇航员所获得的令人惊叹的成就，全世界似 乎已经失去了新鲜感。然而这将不是一次普 通的航行，数百万人打开电视，共同见证这 5I won't take up any more of your time. 次发射。这次航行的特殊之处在于一位37 岁名为克丽斯塔·麦考利夫的普通教师兼母 亲将会成为第一位到访太空的普通公民。她 ⑥If I buy something and he doesn't like it'l;计划在“挑战者号”沿轨道运行时讲两节 take it back. 课，每节15分钟。第一节课要展示航天器 的操控装置，并解释一下引力是如何发挥作 用的；第二节课要讲述“挑战者号”太空计 划的目的。克丽斯塔希望借此传达她的激动 之情，重新燃起人们对太空计划的兴趣。当 82)学 Unit 6 Space and beyond 全国学生的目光都聚焦在她身上时，她或许：是一大团白烟。‘挑战者号’在半空中爆炸 能激发他们成为新一代宇航员和太空科学家：了，我们都开始尖叫。” 的理想。 “挑战者号”令人震惊的灾难发生后， 令人悲痛的是，她再也没能回到她的课：航天飞机航行中止了近三年时间，同时调查 堂。航天飞机在佛罗里达州发射仅一分多钟：事故原因，重新设计飞行器的部分零件。但 后就发生了爆炸，机上七名宇航员全部遇：是毫无疑问，载人飞行绝不会就此停止。 难。全世界都震惊了！大多数人本以为这次： 1988年9月29日，随着“发现号”的成功 太空航行不会比乘飞机旅行更加危险，但是：发射，航天飞机项目重新启动。 所有人都大错特错了！激动和乐观瞬间化为 “挑战者号”失事至今已有30多年了。 恐惧和挫败，这是有史以来最惨烈的航天事：虽然“挑战者号”的机组人员英年早逝，但 故，给人们的心理蒙上了阴影。 他们与加加林、捷列什科娃、阿姆斯特朗和 一个学生回忆道：“我非常清楚地记得：杨利伟等太空探索的英雄们一道，都在历史 那天，我在学校通过电视观看发射场景。有：上占有一席之地。他们七位的事迹将永存于 一位普通教师在‘挑战者号’上，我们都非世，书写在漫天星辰中，激励我们加入他 常激动，迫不及待地等着发射。我们看到宇：们，共同致力于人类最伟大的探索发现之 航员笑容满面，向世界挥手致意，步入航天：旅。“挑战者号”的牺牲召唤着、提醒着我 飞机。然后，发射仅仅一分多钟后，我们就：们，不管星空看起来多么遥不可及，我们都 看到空中奇异的红色和橙色的光芒，紧接着：要持之以恒地去探索。 学(83(2Ever since the earthquake,this temple has been in ruins. 3 The little mistake ruined his chance of getting the job. 4Heavy smoking may ruin yourself,so you should give it up as soon as possible. 2.DI decided not to abandon John when he was in such a desperate position. 2The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being abandoned to the care of strangers. Section lll Using language 重点语法 ①think it important that②that he was ill③How we understand things 4Whoever breaks the window ⑤What I want to express⑥lt's a pity that⑦whether they believe in me or not 8What he intended to show us ⑨that you can pass the exam⑩What matters most DIt remains a question when 12It is acknowledged that 13Who will be the first person to arrive here 14It turns out that 15When asked how a statue from distant Greece could have appeared in China 1whether you'll agree to our plan or not 话题词块 1.making a quick getaway 2.natural response 3.be tempted to 4.steer clear of the unfamiliar 5.subdue their fears 6.for instance 7.one of the most hostile en- vironments 8.uncharted territory 9.blindly throwing ourselves into the unknown 10.think twice before taking action 重点知识 ①She is still under investigation.②警察已完成对 这次事故的调查。③Scientists are investigating the ef- fects of diet on fighting cancer Unit 6 } Spac Section I Starting out 精听练习 1.birthplaces 2.four 3.dust 4.material 5.plan- ets 6.heats 7.nuclear 8.distinct 9.distances 10.elements 11.minerals 12.rocky 13.gas 14.enor- mous 15.nearest 16.region 17.warmth 18.ice 19.edge 20.closer n Section ll Understanding ideas 文脉梳理 1.ordinary 2.civilian 3.orbit 4.controls 5.gravity 6.objectives 7.suspended 8.investigated 9.redesigned 10.Discovery 参考答案。 精听练习 1.rest and do maintenance 2.makes lots of poi- sonous chemicals 3.remove these chemicals 4.New connections are formed between parts 5.use them to form new memories 6.remain active 7.enough data 8.the most important reason 9.sleep is necessary to this func- tion 10.Why do people dream in color and others don't Section IV Developing ideas 文脉梳理 1.deep sea 2.Archaeological 3.shallow waters 4.vast depths 5.The ruins of Neapolis 6.Bio- logical 7.the planets'fish 8.the capacity for life on our planet 9.Bone-white coral 10.The barrel-eye 11.Life to be found even around the deep-sea volcanic openings 12.the sea bed 13.deep sea drilling 14.Fire ice 15.China's underwater vessels 重点知识 ①At any rate②as one of their worst defeats Section V Presenting ideas 例文鉴赏 1.The 30th parallel north is mysterious because it is where numerous sites of ancient civilisations and impres- sive natural features lie. 2.Some believe that the 30th parallel north is a line of great natural energy,with frequent earthquakes and vol- canic eruptions,and others even claim that its amazing nat- ural features were caused by supernatural powers. 3.Possible scientific explanations for the 30th parallel north include the generally warm and wet climate that made it a good place for civilisations to develop,and the fact that it is where major tectonic plates meet. e and beyond 品鉴语言 1.set foot on 2.become accustomed to 3.their hearts in their mouths 4.made it safely back to Earth 5.rapidly became unexceptional to the public 6.seemed to have lost its wonder at 7.tuned in to witness the take- off on TV 8.become the first civilian in space 9.com- municate a sense of excitement 10.went into shock 11.no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane 12.turned into terror and failure 13.cast a shadow on people's hearts 14.followed by a cloud of white smoke 15.there was never any doubt that 16.with the successful launch of 17.were cut tragically short 18.inspiring us to join them in 19.reach for 20.no matter how distant they might seem 97 高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） 重点知识 1.DYou'll be accustomed to the situation maybe after three or four months. 2The Mexicans are said to be accustomed to holding back their emotions. 2.①事故是在喷气式飞机正要起飞时发生的。 ②她拒绝承担传统妇女的角色。 ③她认定我是接管这项工作的最佳人选 ④他们准备用速记来记录他将说的话。 ⑤我不再占用你的时间了。 ⑥如果我买了什么东西，他不喜欢，我就退掉它。 Section ll Using language 重点语法 ①would②mustn't③shall;Shall④may ⑤could⑥should⑦can⑧can't⑨must0may 重点知识 1.①be submitted②submit to③submission ④submission 2.①contact②contact 精听练习 1.life on other planets 2.forms of life 3.without considering 4.mice 5.a possible answer 6.assume 7.reasonable 8.been suggested 9.there's evidence that 10.look like 11.advanced 12.points of view 13.make contact with 14.imagination 15.lifetime 98 N 16.take your point 17.take short cuts 18.predictions 19.made good points 20.the solution to Section IV Developing ideas 文脉梳理 1.In fact,the people in ancient times were unable to understand what they could see.Not knowing what stars were,people used their imaginations to create a world in the night sky. 2.When the first telescope was angled at the night sky,it changed dramatically. 3.It allowed people to see much far from the earth and helped work out the age and nature of the universe as well as discover the incredible fact. 4."Eyes"in the passage refer to not only the myste- rious large-eyed bronze statue of the ancient Shu Kingdom in China,the House Space Telescope and the 500-metre dish of the "Eye of Heaven"built in Guizhou of China. but also stand for the spirit of space exploration. 重点知识 L.①ata30 degree angle②from all angles③但 他的凳子的一角向着我 2.①engaged in my study②engaged in a mental struggle③我另有安排 3.①弄清楚②进展③算出④锻炼⑤制订