Unit 3 Period 3 Grammar-【新课程能力培养】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册学习手册（人教版）

N 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） Period 3 本单元的语法项目：The functions of infinitive As the subject [S] As the predicative [P] As the object [O] As the object complement [OC] As the attributive [Attr] As the adverbial [Ad] 1.不定式作主语 (1)To climb the mountain was hard work but the hills was great fun. 上山很难，下山却很好玩。 (2) knowledge to practical use is,however,more important. 然而，把知识用于实践更加重要。 【特别提示】 ①动词不定式作主语时，往往把不定式 往后移，放在谓语动词的后面，前面用t作 形式主语。 It's never too late to learn. 活到老，学到老。 ②也常用“Itis+形容词+动词不定式” 这样的句型。 It is necessary to ban the use of plastic bags. 禁止塑料袋的使用是必要的。 ③当不定式作主语的句子中有另一个 不定式作表语时，用“To.…sto.”的结构。 To know everything is to know nothing. 样样精通，样样稀松。 2.不定式作表语（不定式可以放在be 动词或其他系动词后面作表语) 48)学 Grammar (1)One of his biggest projects was the oldest street in Tianjin. 他最大的计划之一就是要保护天津的 老街。 (2)A clown's job is the spectators 小丑的工作就是娱乐观众。 【特别提示】 当主语部分有实义动词do的某种形式 时，作表语的不定式常不带to。 The only thing I can do now is (to)go on by myself. 我现在唯一能做的一件事就是自己继 续做。 3.不定式作宾语 跟不定式作宾语的动词，常见的有ask, agree,appear,aim,afford,attempt,decide determine,expect,fail,hope,intend,learn, offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse, seek,tend,wish等。 (1)We have prepared all the difficulties. 我们已经做好了战胜所有困难的准备。 (2)Our contact with good books should never fail us enjoyment and satisfac- tion. 接触好书总是为了给我们带来愉悦与 满足。 (3)With the rapid development of our society,people begin the vital importance of education 随着我们社会的迅速发展，人们开始认 识到教育的极大重要性。 【特别提示】 ①不定式作介词的宾语时，通常需要加 上疑问词。 I am thinking of how to mention it to her. 我在考虑如何向她提及这件事。 ②如果宾语后有补足语时，常用t作形 式宾语，不定式则须后置。 He makes it a rule to read aloud every morning. 他养成了每天早上朗读的习惯。 4.不定式作宾语补足语 不定式在句中可以用作宾语补足语，即 “动词+宾语+不定式”结构。 (1)His best friend asked him speech at a wedding reception. 他最好的朋友请他在婚宴上致辞。 (2)Don't allow yourself prisoner of your feelings. 不要让自己成为自我情感的囚徒。 【特别提示】 ①下列动词可用于“动词+宾语+tobe+ 形容词/名词”结构。 believe,consider,count,declare,deny, feel,find,guess,imagine,judge,know, prove,realize,suppose,think ②下列动词可用于“动词+宾语+todo” 结构。 advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,challenge, command,dare,demand,direct,discover, drive,enable,expect,encourage,forbid, Unit 3 SEA EXPLORATION force,get,invite,oblige,order,permit, persuade,prepare,recommend,remind,re- quest,require,send,teach,urge,want, warn,wish ③hope,demand,suggest,agree,insist等 后不能接动词不定式作宾语补足语。 I hope/demand/suggest you to go there. (错误) I hope that you can go there.(正确)》 ④动词see,hear,listen to,watch,.look at, notice,.observe,feel等后面跟不带to的不定 式作宾语补足语。 He saw two thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car. 他看到两个小偷从一家商店里冲出来， 奔向一辆等在那里的车。 ⑤使役动词get,leave等后面跟作宾语 补足语的不定式要加to,而make,have,let 后面跟的是不带o的不定式作宾补。 I can get him to work for you. 我能让他为你工作。 A smile of joy makes one look younger. 笑一笑，十年少。 5.不定式作定语 (1)不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的 名词或代词之后，与被修饰的词构成逻辑上 的主谓关系或动宾关系。 ①The problem at the next meeting is of great importance. 下次会议将要讨论的这个问题至关重要。 2She does have a magic power_ students behave themselves. 她的确有一种使学生行为端正的神奇 49 高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） 力量。 (2)如果不定式动词与所修饰的名词是 动宾关系，且动词是不及物动词，那么就要 在动词后加上相应的介词。 Without forests,the Earth will be a miserable place 没有森林，地球将成为一个贫瘠凄惨的 居住地。 (3)有些抽象名词常常后接不定式作 定语，如ability,.chance,idea,fact,excuse, promise,answer,reply,effort,attempt,belief, way,reason,moment,plan,time,determination, eagerness,intention,decision,temptation Every culture has its own ways friendship. 每一种文化有自己表达友谊的方法。 (4)被序数词、最高级或no,any,all, the only等限定词修饰的名词常用不定式作 定语。 The teacher is always the last the classroom. 老师总是最后一个离开教室。 (5)不定式作定语相当于一个定语从句。 Perhaps in the years_ (=that will come)we will meet again. 也许在未来的岁月中我们还会再见面。 (6)不定式作定语表示将来要发生的事。 Do you have anything more. 你还有什么要说的吗？ 6.不定式作状语 (1)作目的状语 1To make the best use of people and their talent,we do not grade them according to 50)学 their wisdom. 人贵近其才尽其用，不以智愚巧拙而分 等级。 ②They go to university a broader perspective of life, their ideas and to think for themselves. 他们上大学是为了获得一个更广阔的生 活前景，是为了扩展自己的思想以及学会独 立思考。 (2)作结果状语 ①What have I done you so angry? 我做了什么让你如此生气？ 2This is too great a lesson 这个教训太大了，不会遗忘的。 (3)作原因状语 常在表示happy,.glad,sad,sorry等心理 感受的形容词后接不定式，表示原因。 DI am glad to have spent a most meaningful summer vacation last year. 高兴的是，我去年度过了一个很有意义 的暑假。 ②I am really fortunate able to attend her lectures this term. 本学期，我能够上她的课，真是太幸 运啦。 (4)作条件状语 DOne would be stupid not to answer the question. 回答不了这个问题就太愚蠢了。 2To look at him,you would like him. 看到他，你会喜欢他的。高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版） (3)she had been arrested (4)have made several arrests Ⅱ.重点句式讲解 2.increases;increasing Ⅲ.小试牛刀 1.merciful 2.possessions 3.possession 4.is 5.possessing 6.to 7.at 8.increasing 9.As 10.going V.语篇填空 1.to 2.exploration 3.killing 4.are hunted 5.it 6.To understand 7.which/that 8.better 9.as 10.ability Period 3 Grammar 1.(1)to get down (2)To apply 2.(1)to protect (2)to amuse 3.(1)to overcome (2)to give (3)to realize 4.(1)to deliver (2)to become/to be 5.(1)①to be discussed②to make(2)to live on (3)to show/express (4)to leave (5)to come (6)to say 6.(1)②to acquire;to enlarge(2)①to make ②to be forgotten(3)②to have been Unit 4 Culture Background Analysis 1-5 TTFTF Period 1 Reading and Thinking I.重点知识讲解 1.(1)delivered (2)a parcel of (3)parceled up 2.(1)was jammed (2)is anxious to 3.(1)is eager for (2)is anxious to 4.(1)gather dust (2)dusty 5.a chorus of 6.(1)livedupto (2)to find (3)have been tried 7.(1)to (2)adapted from 8.(1)to (2)with 9.(1)make a great difference (2)on 10.(1)shaded (2)shades (3)puts me in the shade 72 Period 4 Writing 读后续写 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1: As soon as possible I apologized to him,"I'm sorry, and it is my fault."Stretching out one of my hands to fetch the coin,I found a big smile appearing on his face. Without any word,I felt his gratitude.Seeing the long line behind me,he soon devoted himself to his work again. Paragraph 2: Next day,I went there to go shopping as usual.When I wanted to check out,I sought for the former salesman on purpose.Fortunately I found him with ease.When he caught sight of me,"hello"was his first reaction and happily said "I believe I will not say sorry to you this time".That is the beginning of our friendship.Everyone tries to behave as Americans do,because it is believed that "sorry"can cool tempers,stop friction,show kindness and even promote friendshi. SHARING 11.riper 12.participating in 13.(1)dragged (2)drag your feet 14.a privilege Ⅲ.小试牛刀 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.jammed 2.was dusting 3.adaptation 4.participants 5.is dragging 二、按要求完成下列句子 1.Tom was weeding the garden,when he was hit by a stone from nowhere without mercy. 2.In your last mail you doubted whether it was necessary to ask for an extended lunch hour. 3.The fascinating scenery was a sight to behold so that I definitely couldn't drag myself away. 4.It was a privilege for me to participate in the