Unit 1 Time to Relax Section A 核心知识点精讲精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元全方位精练（新教材人教版）

该初中英语讲义以思维导图系统构建Unit 1 Section A的知识体系，通过表格梳理39个重点短语（含词汇表及听力文本短语），分模块解析18个核心词汇（含拓展、搭配、例句）和6类重难句型，清晰呈现知识脉络与重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“随学随练+知识过关”的分层练习设计，含词汇填空、单句语法填空等题型，如用“used to句型翻译句子”训练语言运用能力，通过“疑问词+不定式”用法解析培养思维品质。基础题巩固知识，综合题提升能力，助力学生自主复习，也为教师提供精准教学支持。

Unit 1 Time to Relax 核心知识点精讲 1 (Section A) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section A部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语，斜体为听力文本中短语) 1. free-time activities 休闲活动 2. spend your free time 度过你的空闲时间 3. ask away 尽管问吧 4. play the flute 吹长笛 5. hurt all over 浑身痛 6. get back up 重新站起来 7. do calligraphy to relax 练书法来放松 8. express feelings 表达情感 9. get some exercise 做些运动 10. create an app 创建一个应用程序 11. in one’s free time 在某人空闲的时间 12. at first 首先，起先 13. expect sb. to do 期待某人做某事 14. used to 过去常常 15. *scared of 害怕；恐惧 16. be afraid to do... 害怕做某事 17. encourage sb. to do... 鼓励某人做某事 18. in front of others 在其他人面前 19. *get over 克服（困难） 20. *up to 正在做；由某人决定 21. a poem by Li Bai 一首李白的诗 22. watch sb. do... 观看某人做某事 23. start to do / doing ... 开始做某事 24. spend ... doing... 花费...做某事 25. teach sb. to do... 教某人做某事 26. *give up 放弃 27. choose to do 选择做某事 28. in return 作为回报 29. It’s a deal. 就这样定了 30. manage to do... 设法成功做成某事 31. a great way to do... 做某事的一个好方法 32. *get into 开始做某事；进入 33. *give it a go 试一试某事 34. make sb. do... 使某人做某事 35. decide to do 决定做某事 36. push sb. too hard 逼迫某人太紧 37. *once in a while 偶尔地；间或 38. join sb. to do 和某人一起做某事 39. be worried about 担忧 40. *go on an outing 出外游玩 2、 重点词汇解析 1. ski /skiː/ v. 滑雪；n. 滑雪板 [词汇拓展] skier (n.) 滑雪者；skiing (n.) 滑雪运动；skate(v.)滑冰；(n.)冰鞋，溜冰鞋 [词汇搭配] go skiing去滑雪；a pair of skis 一副滑雪板 [词汇例句] She wants to go skiing this Sunday. 她周日想去滑雪。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) I prefer ________ in winter. A．to go ski B．to go skiing C．go skiing D．go ski (2) Look at the picture on the right. Which is TRUE about the conversation? A．The girl is on holiday. B．The girl likes skiing. C．The boy went skiing on his holiday. D．The boy will go skiing on his holiday. 2. program /ˈprəʊɡræm/ v. 编写程序 n. 程序；节目；项目 [词汇拓展] programmer (n.) 程序员；programming (n.) 编程 [词汇搭配] computer program 电脑程序；TV program 电视节目 [词汇例句] In this class, students will learn how to program. 这节课学生将学习编程。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —My favorite TV ________ is A Bite of China (《舌尖上的中国》). —I like it, too. My mother often cooks delicious food after watching it. A．information B．news C．screen D．program 3. express /ɪkˈspres/ v. 表达；表示 [词汇拓展] expression (n.) 表达；表情；expressive (adj.) 富有表现力的 [词汇搭配] express one’s feelings 表达某人的情感；express thanks 表达感谢 express an opinion 发表意见；express oneself 自我表达 [词汇例句] She expressed no opinion about the event. 对于这件事，她没有发表看法。 [随学随练] 单项填空 For the first time, I was brave enough to ________ my opinion directly. A．express B．admire C．program D．treat 4. instructor /ɪnˈstrʌktə(r)/ n. 教练；指导者 [词汇拓展] instruct (v.) 指导；教导；instruction (n.) 指示；说明 [词汇搭配] a driving instructor 驾驶教练；a fitness instructor 健身教练 [词汇例句] Our swimming instructor teaches us how to swim safely. 我们的游泳教练教我们如何安全游泳。 [随学随练] 用instruct适当形式填空 (1) Our PE __________ is very strict but kind to all students.  (2) Could you follow the __________ on the medicine bottle carefully before taking it? (3) The teacher will __________ us how to use the new laboratory equipment tomorrow.  5. scared /skeəd/ adj. 害怕的 [词汇拓展] scare (v.) 使害怕；惊吓；scary (adj.) 吓人的；恐怖的；scare (n.) 恐惧 [词汇搭配] scared of 害怕；恐惧；feel scared 感到害怕；scared to do sth. 害怕做某事 [词汇例句] Judy used to be scared of darkness. Judy以前害怕黑暗。 用scare适当形式填空 (1) Don’t shout loudly—you will __________ the little baby in the room. (2) My sister feels __________ when she has to walk alone in the dark.  (3) The horror movie(恐怖电影) was so __________ that I couldn’t sleep well at night. 6. fear /fɪə(r)/ n. & v. 害怕；担忧 [词汇拓展] fearful (adj.) 可怕的；害怕的；fearless (adj.) 无畏的 [词汇搭配] fear to do sth. 害怕做某事；fear for sb/sth为…担心（或担忧）；for fear of 唯恐；以免 [词汇例句] When seeing a snake, the child was shaking with fear .看到蛇的时候，小孩吓得发抖。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) He feared ________ his parents because he didn't pass the English exam. A．to face B．face C．have faced D．faced (2) When I arrived there, I found the girl looking at the snake _____  . A．in danger B．in trouble C．in need D．in fear 7. get over 克服（困难）；从疾病等中恢复常态；向...讲清楚某事 [词汇拓展] · get短语： get on上车；get off下车；get up站起来；起床；get on进展；相处；get to到达 get over克服；get through接通(电话)；get together聚会，相聚；get across被传达；被理解 · over短语： fall over 摔倒；come over （顺便）来访；look over 检查，浏览；take over 接管，接手 pull over （车辆）靠边停下 [词汇用法] (1) 表示“克服（困难）” It took her a long time to get over her illness. 她花了很长时间才从疾病中恢复过来。 (2) 表示“从疾病等中恢复常态” We must get over all the problems. 我们必须克服所有问题。 (3) 表示“向...讲清楚某事” We have got to get the message over to the young that smoking isn't cool.我们要让年轻人认识到抽烟并不是 什么很酷的事情。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The old lady can’t hope to ________ her cold in a few days. A．get away B．get off C．get out D．get over (2) To get a better grade, the students should ________ the notes again before the test. A．go over B．fall over C．turn over D．take over 8. up to 正在做；由某人决定；到达（某数量、程度等），至多有；直到，不多于；（体力或智力上）能胜任 [词汇拓展] · up短语： pick up捡起；去接某人；接电话；turn up出现；调高；make up编造；use up用完 break up（关系）破裂；分手；look up向上看；查阅；clean up打扫干净；bring up抚养 give up放弃；cheer up使振奋，使高兴；set up 建立，设立 [随学随练] 请写出下列句子中up to的中文意思。 (1) It’s up to you to choose where we go. (2) What is he up to these days? (3) Read up to page 100. (4) I can take up to four people in my car. (5) He's not up to the job. 9. poem /ˈpəʊɪm/ n. 诗 [词汇拓展] poet (n.) 诗人；poetry (n.) 诗歌（总称）；poetic (adj.) 诗意的；诗歌的 [词汇搭配] a poem by Li Bai 一首李白的诗；write a poem 写诗；read a poem 读诗 [词汇例句] The poem uses simple language.这首诗用语简单。 10. single /ˈsɪŋɡl/ adj. 单个的；单身的；单程的 n.单程票；单身者 [词汇拓展] singly (adv.) 单独地；逐个地；singleness (n.) 单一；独身；return(adj./n.)(票)双程的，往返的 [词汇搭配] a single room 单人房；a single red rose 一支红玫瑰 [词汇例句] I couldn't understand a single word she said! 她讲的东西我一个字都听不懂！ 11. give up 放弃 [词汇拓展] · give短语： give a hand 帮忙；give rise to 引起，导致；give in屈服，让步 give off 散发出（光、热、气味）；give out分发；发出(声音，信号) [词汇搭配] give up smoking 戒烟；give up studying 放弃学习；give up one’s dream 放弃梦想 [词汇例句] She didn't give up work when she had the baby. 她生了孩子后并未放弃工作。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —I really don’t want to ________ playing basketball, but I am too short. —Don’t lose heart. No dream is too big and no dreamer is too small. A．give up B．turn up C．show up D．eat up (2) My mom says I should not ________ my phone every 5 minutes. It’s a bad habit. A．pick up B．get up C．give up D．take up 12. return /rɪˈtɜːn/ n. & v. 回来；归还；恢复，重现 [词汇搭配] in return 作为回报；return to China 回到中国；return sth. to sb.把某物归还某人 [词汇例句] We will return to our hometown next month. 我们下周将要回到家乡。 We’re waiting for the return of spring. 我们正在等待春天的归来。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) My cousin borrows my things without ________ them. A．returning B．competing C．arguing D．comparing (2) Mr. Zhang waited a long time for his son to return. A．come back B．prepare C．go to bed D．wake up 13. deal /diːl/ n. 交易 v. 对付 [词汇拓展] <过去式> dealt；<过去分词>dealt；dealer (n.) 商人；经销商 [词汇搭配] It’s/That’s a deal !就这么办吧！就这么说定了！a good/great deal of...大量，很多 what's the deal? 出了什么事；怎么啦；deal with 处理；对付；deal in 经营；买卖 not a big deal没什么大不了的 [随学随练] 写出下列单词中deal的中文意思 (1) The company deals in computer software(软件). (2) He's good at dealing with pressure. (3) Her poems often deal with the subject of death. (4) They spent a great deal of money. (5) What's the deal? Do you want to go out or not? (6) Japan will have to do a deal with America on rice imports(进口). (7) It's a deal! 14. manage /ˈmænɪdʒ/ v. 完成；管理 [词汇拓展] manager (n.) 经理；管理者；management (n.) 管理；经营 [词汇搭配] manage to do sth. 设法做成某事；manage a company 管理一家公司 manage time wisely 明智地管理时间 [词汇例句] Sally managed to get to the station on time. 她成功地准时到达了车站。 [随学随练] 用manage的适当形式填空 (1) I don't know exactly how we'll it , but we will, somehow. (2) The zoo needed better rather than more money. (3) The chef, staff and are all Chinese. 15. get into 开始做某事；进入 [词汇拓展] · into短语： break into 强行闯入；突然开始（唱歌、大笑等）；look into 调查，研究 turn into变成，转变为；run into偶然遇见；撞上；fall into掉入；进入（某种习惯/状态） be into sth.喜欢，对...感兴趣；cut...into...把...切成... [词汇用法] (1) 表示“开始做某事” When did you get into playing the piano? 你什么时候开始弹钢琴的？ (2) 表示“进入” He got into the car, and then waved goodbye to us. 他进入汽车，让后对我们挥手告别。 (3) 表示“养成某种习惯，习惯于” Don't let yourself get into bad habits. 别让自己染上恶习。 (4) 表示“陷入，处于” He got into trouble with the police while he was still at school. 他还在上学时就与警方发生过纠葛。 (5) 表示“被录取，被接受入学” He got into a famous university last year. 他去年被一所著名大学录取。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) Don't ________ the lift. Something has gone wrong with it. A．get into B．get to C．get out of D．get on (2) Water will ________ ice when the temperature is below 0 ℃. A．put into B．come into C．turn into D．turn to 16. push /pʊʃ/ v. 督促；敦劝，劝解；推；推动 n. 推，搡；鼓励，激励；坚定的努力 [词汇搭配] push sb. to do/push sb. into doing 督促某人做某事，敦劝某人做某事 push sb. too hard 逼迫某人太紧；push back推迟；延迟；push forward继续前进；继续跋涉 push (sb) for sth（向某人）反复要求，施压争取… [词汇例句] She pushed her face towards him. 她把脸凑近了他。 The car won't start. Can you give it a push? 汽车发动不起来。你推一下好不好？ [随学随练] 用push补全句子或翻译句子 (1) 我将不得不催促你答复了。 I'm going to have to . (2) 他们把会议推迟到了下午4点。 They to 4:00 p.m. (3) 约翰认为他的父母对他太苛刻了。 John thinks his parents . (4) 我推开了门。 (5) 我的老师劝我参加比赛。 My teacher the competition. 17. myself /maɪˈself/ pron. 我自己 [词汇拓展] self (n.) 自我；自身；I(主格)我；me(宾格)我；my(形容词性物主代词)我的 mine(名词性物主代词)我的 [词汇搭配] by oneself 独自，单独；enjoy oneself玩得开心 [词汇例句] My grandma learnt to use smart phone by herself. 我奶奶自己学习使用智能手机。 I myself do not agree.我本人不同意。 [词汇用法] · -self/-selves 构成的代词叫作反身代词。第一人称和第二人称的反身代词由形容性物主代词词尾加-self/-selves构成；第三人称的反身代词由宾格代词词尾加-self/-selves构成。 · 同一人称反身代词有单复数之分。 人称 主格人称代词 宾格人称代词 反身代词 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 第一人称 I 我 we 我们 me 我 us 我们 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 you 你 you 你们 you 你 you 你们 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 he 他 she 她 it 它 they 他/她/它们 him 他 her 她 it 它 them 他/她/它们 himself 他自己 herself她自己 itself它自己 themselves 他/她/它们自己 · 反身代词可以作相同人称的宾语，表示动作的主语和宾语时同一个人。 The boy can dress himself. (注意：不用him) I found myself unable to speak. (注意：myself不用me代替) [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) I usually talk to ________ friends with WeChat and get ________ ready for the lessons in the evening. A．my; me B．me; myself C．myself; my D．my; myself (2) I don’t want Dad to teach ________ how to fish. I can teach ________. A．me; myself B．me; me C．my; me D．my; myself 18. chat /tʃæt/ v. & n. 闲聊 [词汇拓展] <动词-ing> chatting；<过去式> chatted [词汇搭配] chat about...谈论...；chat with/ to... 与...聊天；have a long chat长谈 [词汇例句] He spend hours chatting on the phone with his friend.他花了几个小时和他的朋友在电话上聊天。 [随学随练] 单项填空 — I like playing computer games and chatting ________ my friends ________the internet. — Me too, A．to; in B．with; on C．for; in D．off; through 3、 重难句型解析 1. 谈论业余时间活动 (教材原句)—What do you do in your free time? —I like/love to... —Why do you do it? —I do it to 如： —What do you do in your free time? 你在空闲时间做什么？ —I like/love to draw pictures.我喜欢画画。 —Why do you do it? 你为什么画画？ —I do it to relax my mind. 我画画放松我的头脑。 [随学随练] 用上述句型编写一段对话。(参考词汇：your grandpa, do kung fu, get some exercise) — — — — 2. 谈论做业余爱好的原因 (教材原句)It makes me feel happy to... 此句型表示“做某事使我感到开心”，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式。其中happy可以替换成一些表示好的心情，感受的形容词，如：excited，relaxing，joyful，clam，glad，satisfied等。 如：It makes me feel relaxing to listen to Huangmei Opera. 听黄梅戏使我感动很放松。 (教材原句)It’s a great way to... 此句型表示“这是做某事的一个好方法”，在谈论业余爱好时，先陈述爱好，it代替爱好，to后接爱好能够给自己带来的益处等，如：relax myself；get some exercise；to express feeling等。 如：I love to go skiing in my free time. It’s a good way to get some exercise.我喜欢空闲时去滑雪。这是锻炼的一个好办法。 (教材原句)It helps me to... 此句型表示“这帮助我...”，用法与前一个句型类似。 如：I enjoy playing basketball on weekends. It helps me strengthen my body and make new friends.我喜欢周末和朋友打篮球。它帮助我强身健体、结交新朋友。 (教材原句)When I started to..., I... 此句型是一个复合句，其中when I started to...表示“当我开始...”，是一个时间状语从句，后一句是主语，描述最初开始某项爱好时，具体做的事情，感受等。 如：(教材例句)When I started to do calligraphy, I spent hours practising single strokes.当我开始练习书法时，我花费好几个小时练习每一个笔画。 [随学随练] 请使用上述句型谈一谈你的业余爱好，写2-3句话。 3. used to句型 (教材原句)Fu Xing used to be scared of water, but she started swimming to get over her fear. used to后接动词原型，表示“过去常常，曾经”，used不跟随主语变化，只能表示过去的动作或状态，通常现在已经不做或不是以前那样了。 如：Lily used to wear glasses. 丽丽以前戴眼镜。 My uncle used to be a doctor. 我叔叔以前是名医生。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 他过去很害羞。 (2) Sally以前留着短发。 4. how引导宾语从句 (教材原句)I know how that feels. (教材原句)I even like how the ink smells! 上述两句中how引导宾语从句。how引导宾语从句时，在从句中不充当主干成分。类似用法有when，where，why等。what，who等也用于引导宾语从句，但在句中要充当主干成分。 如：I don’t know why he was late again. 不知道他为什么又迟到了。(why不充当主干成分) I can’t fully understand what he said just now. 我不能完全理解他刚刚说的。(what充当said的宾语) [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —I don’t know ________ I can improve my English writing. —You can keep a diary in English every day. A．when B．why C．how D．where (2) —I wonder ________ we can do to protect animals in danger. —We can raise money and stop killing them. A．where B．what C．when D．why 5. when引导状语从句 (教材原句)When I started to do calligraphy, I spend hours practising single stokes. 此句中when引导一个时间状语从句，表示过去发生的事情，用过去的时态。 spend表示“花费(时间，金钱)”，常用搭配spend...(in) doing sth.“花费...做某事”，也可用于spend...on sth.表示“花费...在某事上”。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) She ________ a folding fan when she visited Sichuan last year. A．buys B．bought C．has bought D．will buy (2) It is quite natural to feel nervous ______ you speak in public. A．though B．when C．after D．than 6. It’s+adj.+to do 句型 (教材原句)It’s important not to forget to relax once in a while. 此句中it是形式主语，真正地主语是后面的not to forget to relax once in a while。 此句型可以做以下拓展： · 当adj.修饰事物时，形容词后加for sb.变成“It is+adj.+ for sb.+ to do ...”表示“对于某人来说，做...是...样的”。 如：It is important for teenagers to have enough sleep. 对于青少年来说，有足够的睡眠是很重要的。 · 当adj.修饰人物时，形容词后加of sb.变成“It is+adj.+ of sb.+ to do ...”表示“某人做...是...样的”。 如：It is polite of you to knock at the door before entering it. 进门前敲门，你这样做是有礼貌的。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 询问他人的年龄、体重或其他个人信息是不礼貌的。 (2) 对于学生们来说，课间放松和休息是有必要的。 4、 其他知识解析 1. by 用法 (教材原句)I practised by performing in front of my fiends. (教材原句)It’s a poem by Li Bai. 第一句中by后接doing形式，表示“通过...方式”；第二句中by表示“(作品)由某人创作”。此外，by还有多种用法，如表示方式；表示“在...旁边”等。 [随学随练] 写出by在下列句子中的中文含义 (1) The woman stood by a tree and held a basket. (2) You can improve your listening skills by watching English movies. (3) You need to hand in your homework by Tuesday. (4) The price has risen by 30%. (5) He was knocked down by a bus. (6) They're improving day by day. (7) They met by chance. (8) a painting by Van Gogh 2. “疑问词+不定式”用法 (教材原句)My grandma taught me how to write it. 此句中，how to write it 是“疑问词+不定式”结构作taught后的直接宾语。“疑问词+不定式”结构还可以作主语，表语等。 如：Could you please tell me how to work out this problem? 你能告诉我如何解决这个问题吗？ [随学随练] 单项填空 Can you tell me how ________ there? A．get B．to get C．getting D．to getting 3. 不定式的否定式 (教材原句)The instructor told Emma not to give up so easily. (教材原句)It’s difficult, but he always encourages me not to give up. tell和encourage这两动词后接复合宾语结构。可用带to的不定式作宾语补足语。不定式变否定形式时，在不定式符号to前加not。 如：He asked me not to tell Lucy the truth. 他让我不要告诉露西真相。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) Mr. Li asks the students ________ in the river, because it’s too dangerous. A．to not swim B．to swim C．swim D．not to swim (2) My mother often tells me ________ too much time playing computer games. A．not to spend B．to not spend C．don’t spend D．not spend 4. 不含to的不定式作宾语补足语 (教材原句)It made me decide to try skiing. (教材原句)I’d like to watch you fly kites sometime. · 在make,let,have等使役动词后跟不带to的不定式。 如：The teacher had us read the text aloud.老师让我们大声读课文。 · 在watch,see,hear,notice,feel等感官动词后，若强调动作全过程或经常性动作，跟不带to的不定式；若强调动作正在进行，跟doing结构。 如：I often hear her sing in the room. 我经常听到她在房间唱歌。(强调动作全过程或经常性动作) I saw him crossing the street. 我看见他正在过马路。(强调动作正在进行) [随学随练] 单项填空 —I tried to make Kate _________ her mind, but I found it hard.     —Well, I saw you _________ that when I went past. A．change; do B．to change; doing C．changing; do D．change; doing 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) The Tang (诗歌) are great works of Chinese literature. (2) Don’t (推) the door. It’s too dangerous to do so. (3) It’s one of my favorite TV (节目). I watch it every day. (4) I will (去滑雪)this Sunday. Would you like to go with me? (5) My father used to be ________ ________  ________  ________ ________ (过去害怕) taking planes. (6) My cousin is still (单个的，单身的) and enjoys travelling alone on weekends. (7) He (表达) his thanks and love to his parents yesterday. (8) The three (教练) are talking about the Special Olympics World Summer Games. (9) The United States (归还) 41 pieces of cultural relics and artworks to China on 4 March, 2025. (10) I finally ________ ________  ________  ________ my ________ of speaking in public. (11) Paul made a ________(协议)with his dad that he could watch TV on weekends. (12) I decided to take my erhu to the street and  ________ ________  ________  ________ . (13) Does your parents love to ________ ________  ________  ________ ? (14) His grandpa goes fishing by the river ________ ________  ________  ________ . (15) I like to ________ ________  (练书法). It’s a ________ ________  ________  ________ (放松的好办法). (16) Elders have worked hard all their lives, so ________ ________  ________  ________(出外游玩)can help them to relax and forget their troubles. 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) The two boys are going to be computer . (program) (2) A clear of your ideas can help your schoolmates understand you better. (express) (3) The little boy was too (scare) to move when he saw the big dog. (4) Li Bai is one of the most famous (poem) in Chinese history—many people love his works. (5) Tom (deal) with the problem properly and won high praise from his teachers. (6) The food was cold, so I asked to speak to the . (manage) (7) We managed (spare) an hour to practice English every day and our language skills improved. (8) The mother gave up (push) her children, so that they can have more free time. (9) With my father’s help, I can ride the bike by . (I) (10) That old man doesn’t have any children. Two volunteers came and (chat) with him yesterday. (11) Our school has lots of green spaces. Students enjoy spending some time (chat) there. (12) Parents always expect their children (grow) up to be kind people. (13) My sister isn’t afraid (speak) in public. (14) He always encourages us (develop) different hobbies. (15) I often watch these old people (dance) in the square. (16) They watched an old woman (play) the erhu under the tree just now. (17) To deal with stress from exams, Li Hong started (jog) in the park every morning. (18) You can choose (use) different robots. (19) Can you teach us how (make) a model plane? (20) We can go to school by bike to make our city (become) greener. (21) He decided (not order) dishes at that restaurant. (22) Nowadays, after-class are becoming more and more popular in schools. (activity) (23) Whoever treats others with respect will get respect ________ return. (24)  Zhou Dong gave up his job and returned ________ his hometown. (25) Our teachers often push us ________ (read)more. 3. 单项填空 (1) —How do you practice your spoken English? —________ chatting with my friends on the Internet. A．For B．By C．With D．In (2) —Do you use WeChat to chat? —Yes. I often have a chat ________ the NBA games ________ my friends. A．about; at B．for; with C．about; with D．for; at (3) Though Helen was blind, she ________ to enter a university and became a heroine to many people. A．managed B．failed C．succeeded D．refused (4) If you treat others with your heart, you will get friendship ________ . A．on average B．on duty C．in return D．in total (5) A ________ of attending social activities may sometimes influence personal relationships. A．fear B．deal C．push D．program (6) My grandpa decided ________ smoking for his health. A．to give away B．give out C．giving back D．to give up (7) Many young people are starting to ________ traditional Chinese culture, such as calligraphy and tea art. A．take up B．give up C．look up D．put up (8) —The new ride in the park looks ________. —Come on! It’s worth trying. If you feel ________, just shout or hold my hand. A．scary; scared B．scared; scared C．scared; scary D．scary; scary (9) —Where shall we go on vacation, Mom? —________. I know you are good at making travelling plans. A．Good idea B．No problem C．It’s hard to say D．It’s up to you (10) —Do you often use Wechat？ —Yes, we often chat _________ English study ________ our classmates. A．for, with B．about, at C．to, at D．about, with (11) Kitty’s mother makes her ________ for half an hour every morning. A．dance B．dances C．to dance D．dancing (12) The teacher asked us ______ quiet in the library and not ______ any noise. A．to keep; make B．keeping; make C．to keep; to make D．keeping; to make (13) —Tom, what do you think is the secret ________ writing in English? —________ reading lots of English articles. A．of; About B．to; With C．to; By D．with; By (14) My brother ________ play basketball after school, but now he likes playing soccer. A．used to B．is used to C．was used to D．uses to (15) — Although he was really disappointed, he _______ a weak smile. — He is always caring about others` feelings. A．managed B．suggested C．offered D．pushed 4. 选择填空 A ski;program;express;instructor;scared;fear;get over;up to (1) It's important to ________ your true feelings when you communicate with your parents. (2) The computer ________ can help us solve math problems quickly if we use it correctly. (3) The little girl felt ________ when she saw the big dog running towards her. (4) My brother practices ________ every winter because he loves the feeling of sliding on snow. (5) You need to ________ your shyness if you want to make more friends at school. (6) Our PE ________ is very strict but he always teaches us useful skills patiently. (7) The activity is open to students ________ 15 years old in our city. (8) Don't let ________ stop you from trying new things in your daily life. B poem;single give up;return;deal;manage;get into;push;myself;chat (1) My sister is still a ________ lady and she enjoys traveling around the world alone. (2) You should never ________ learning English, because it’s a useful tool for communication. (3) Lucy forgot to ________ the book to the library on time, so she had to pay a fine. (4) It’s not easy to ________ with the difficult problem in such a short time. (5) I spent two hours writing a short ________ about my summer vacation last night. (6) My parents always ________ me to be a better person and I really appreciate that. (7) Though the task was hard, we ________ to finish it before the deadline finally. (8) My best friend and I often ________ online for half an hour every evening. (9) I can finish the homework by ________ without asking for others’ help. (10) If you don’t work hard, you will ________ trouble sooner or later. 5. 翻译句子 (1) —你在空闲时间做什么？ —我喜欢去远足。 — — (2) Allan过去害怕在他同学们面前做演讲。 (3) 你是如何开始弹吉他的？(get into) (4) 当我开始练功夫时，我每天花费数小时练习每个单个的动作(movement)。 (5) 我喜欢听音乐。这是我感到很放松。 (6) 对于孩子们来说，培养一些业余爱好是很重要的。 (7) 我看见我的爷爷练习书法。我决定试一试。 (8) 我的老师鼓励我不要轻易放弃。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Time to Relax 核心知识点精讲 1 (Section A) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section A部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语，斜体为听力文本中短语) 1. free-time activities 休闲活动 2. spend your free time 度过你的空闲时间 3. ask away 尽管问吧 4. play the flute 吹长笛 5. hurt all over 浑身痛 6. get back up 重新站起来 7. do calligraphy to relax 练书法来放松 8. express feelings 表达情感 9. get some exercise 做些运动 10. create an app 创建一个应用程序 11. in one’s free time 在某人空闲的时间 12. at first 首先，起先 13. expect sb. to do 期待某人做某事 14. used to 过去常常 15. *scared of 害怕；恐惧 16. be afraid to do... 害怕做某事 17. encourage sb. to do... 鼓励某人做某事 18. in front of others 在其他人面前 19. *get over 克服（困难） 20. *up to 正在做；由某人决定 21. a poem by Li Bai 一首李白的诗 22. watch sb. do... 观看某人做某事 23. start to do / doing ... 开始做某事 24. spend ... doing... 花费...做某事 25. teach sb. to do... 教某人做某事 26. *give up 放弃 27. choose to do 选择做某事 28. in return 作为回报 29. It’s a deal. 就这样定了 30. manage to do... 设法成功做成某事 31. a great way to do... 做某事的一个好方法 32. *get into 开始做某事；进入 33. *give it a go 试一试某事 34. make sb. do... 使某人做某事 35. decide to do 决定做某事 36. push sb. too hard 逼迫某人太紧 37. *once in a while 偶尔地；间或 38. join sb. to do 和某人一起做某事 39. be worried about 担忧 40. *go on an outing 出外游玩 2、 重点词汇解析 1. ski /skiː/ v. 滑雪；n. 滑雪板 [词汇拓展] skier (n.) 滑雪者；skiing (n.) 滑雪运动；skate(v.)滑冰；(n.)冰鞋，溜冰鞋 [词汇搭配] go skiing去滑雪；a pair of skis 一副滑雪板 [词汇例句] She wants to go skiing this Sunday. 她周日想去滑雪。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) I prefer ________ in winter. A．to go ski B．to go skiing C．go skiing D．go ski 【答案】B 【详解】句意：冬天我更喜欢去滑雪。 考查动词短语和非谓语动词。prefer to do“更喜欢做某事”，go skiing“去滑雪”。故选B。 (2) Look at the picture on the right. Which is TRUE about the conversation? A．The girl is on holiday. B．The girl likes skiing. C．The boy went skiing on his holiday. D．The boy will go skiing on his holiday. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看右边的图片。哪一项是正确的？ 考查情景交际。The girl is on holiday这个女孩在度假；The girl likes skiing这个女孩喜欢滑雪；The boy went skiing on his holiday这个男孩在假期去滑雪了；The boy will go skiing on his holiday这个男孩将在假期去滑雪。根据“What did you do on your holiday”以及“went”可知，是过去时，问男孩假期做了什么？男孩说去滑雪了，故选C。 2. program /ˈprəʊɡræm/ v. 编写程序 n. 程序；节目；项目 [词汇拓展] programmer (n.) 程序员；programming (n.) 编程 [词汇搭配] computer program 电脑程序；TV program 电视节目 [词汇例句] In this class, students will learn how to program. 这节课学生将学习编程。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —My favorite TV ________ is A Bite of China (《舌尖上的中国》). —I like it, too. My mother often cooks delicious food after watching it. A．information B．news C．screen D．program 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我最喜欢的电视节目是《舌尖上的中国》。——我也喜欢它。我妈妈经常看完后做美味的食物。 考查名词辨析。information信息；news新闻；screen屏幕；program节目。“A Bite of China (《舌尖上的中国》)”是一个电视节目，因此program符合句意。故选D。 3. express /ɪkˈspres/ v. 表达；表示 [词汇拓展] expression (n.) 表达；表情；expressive (adj.) 富有表现力的 [词汇搭配] express one’s feelings 表达某人的情感；express thanks 表达感谢 express an opinion 发表意见；express oneself 自我表达 [词汇例句] She expressed no opinion about the event. 对于这件事，她没有发表看法。 [随学随练] 单项填空 For the first time, I was brave enough to ________ my opinion directly. A．express B．admire C．program D．treat 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我第一次勇敢地直接表达了自己的观点。   考查动词辨析。express表达；admire钦佩；羡慕；program编程；treat对待；治疗 。根据“my opinion”可知，这里是说表达观点，用express符合“表达自己的观点”这一语境，所以选express。故选A。 4. instructor /ɪnˈstrʌktə(r)/ n. 教练；指导者 [词汇拓展] instruct (v.) 指导；教导；instruction (n.) 指示；说明 [词汇搭配] a driving instructor 驾驶教练；a fitness instructor 健身教练 [词汇例句] Our swimming instructor teaches us how to swim safely. 我们的游泳教练教我们如何安全游泳。 [随学随练] 用instruct适当形式填空 (1) Our PE __________ is very strict but kind to all students.  (2) Could you follow the __________ on the medicine bottle carefully before taking it? (3) The teacher will __________ us how to use the new laboratory equipment tomorrow.  【答案】instructor；instructions；instruct 5. scared /skeəd/ adj. 害怕的 [词汇拓展] scare (v.) 使害怕；惊吓；scary (adj.) 吓人的；恐怖的；scare (n.) 恐惧 [词汇搭配] scared of 害怕；恐惧；feel scared 感到害怕；scared to do sth. 害怕做某事 [词汇例句] Judy used to be scared of darkness. Judy以前害怕黑暗。 用scare适当形式填空 (1) Don’t shout loudly—you will __________ the little baby in the room. (2) My sister feels __________ when she has to walk alone in the dark.  (3) The horror movie(恐怖电影) was so __________ that I couldn’t sleep well at night. 【答案】scare；scared；scary 6. fear /fɪə(r)/ n. & v. 害怕；担忧 [词汇拓展] fearful (adj.) 可怕的；害怕的；fearless (adj.) 无畏的 [词汇搭配] fear to do sth. 害怕做某事；fear for sb/sth为…担心（或担忧）；for fear of 唯恐；以免 [词汇例句] When seeing a snake, the child was shaking with fear .看到蛇的时候，小孩吓得发抖。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) He feared ________ his parents because he didn't pass the English exam. A．to face B．face C．have faced D．faced 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他害怕面对父母，因为他没有通过英语考试。 考查非谓语动词。fear to do sth意为“害怕做某事”，可知此处填动词不定式。故选A。 (2) When I arrived there, I found the girl looking at the snake _____  . A．in danger B．in trouble C．in need D．in fear 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我到那的时候，我发现这个女孩正恐惧地看着蛇。 考查介词短语辨析。in danger处于危险之中；in trouble处于困境；in need困难中的；in fear恐惧，根据所给空前面的I found the girl looking at the snake可知，in fear最符合语境，故选D。 7. get over 克服（困难）；从疾病等中恢复常态；向...讲清楚某事 [词汇拓展] · get短语： get on上车；get off下车；get up站起来；起床；get on进展；相处；get to到达 get over克服；get through接通(电话)；get together聚会，相聚；get across被传达；被理解 · over短语： fall over 摔倒；come over （顺便）来访；look over 检查，浏览；take over 接管，接手 pull over （车辆）靠边停下 [词汇用法] (1) 表示“克服（困难）” It took her a long time to get over her illness. 她花了很长时间才从疾病中恢复过来。 (2) 表示“从疾病等中恢复常态” We must get over all the problems. 我们必须克服所有问题。 (3) 表示“向...讲清楚某事” We have got to get the message over to the young that smoking isn't cool.我们要让年轻人认识到抽烟并不是 什么很酷的事情。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The old lady can’t hope to ________ her cold in a few days. A．get away B．get off C．get out D．get over 【答案】D 【详解】试题分析：老太太不指望她的感冒几天可以痊愈。A离开，出发；B下车；C离开，泄露，出版；D克服，痊愈。故选D。 (2) To get a better grade, the students should ________ the notes again before the test. A．go over B．fall over C．turn over D．take over 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了取得更好的成绩，学生应该在考试前再复习一遍笔记。 考查动词短语。go over复习；fall over摔倒；turn over翻转；take over接管。根据“To get a better grade”可知为了取得更好的成绩，应该在考试前再复习一遍笔记。故选A。 8. up to 正在做；由某人决定；到达（某数量、程度等），至多有；直到，不多于；（体力或智力上）能胜任 [词汇拓展] · up短语： pick up捡起；去接某人；接电话；turn up出现；调高；make up编造；use up用完 break up（关系）破裂；分手；look up向上看；查阅；clean up打扫干净；bring up抚养 give up放弃；cheer up使振奋，使高兴；set up 建立，设立 [随学随练] 请写出下列句子中up to的中文意思。 (1) It’s up to you to choose where we go. 由某人决定 (2) What is he up to these days? 正在做 (3) Read up to page 100. 直到，不多于 (4) I can take up to four people in my car. 到达（某数量、程度等），至多有 (5) He's not up to the job. （体力或智力上）能胜任 9. poem /ˈpəʊɪm/ n. 诗 [词汇拓展] poet (n.) 诗人；poetry (n.) 诗歌（总称）；poetic (adj.) 诗意的；诗歌的 [词汇搭配] a poem by Li Bai 一首李白的诗；write a poem 写诗；read a poem 读诗 [词汇例句] The poem uses simple language.这首诗用语简单。 10. single /ˈsɪŋɡl/ adj. 单个的；单身的；单程的 n.单程票；单身者 [词汇拓展] singly (adv.) 单独地；逐个地；singleness (n.) 单一；独身；return(adj./n.)(票)双程的，往返的 [词汇搭配] a single room 单人房；a single red rose 一支红玫瑰 [词汇例句] I couldn't understand a single word she said! 她讲的东西我一个字都听不懂！ 11. give up 放弃 [词汇拓展] · give短语： give a hand 帮忙；give rise to 引起，导致；give in屈服，让步 give off 散发出（光、热、气味）；give out分发；发出(声音，信号) [词汇搭配] give up smoking 戒烟；give up studying 放弃学习；give up one’s dream 放弃梦想 [词汇例句] She didn't give up work when she had the baby. 她生了孩子后并未放弃工作。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —I really don’t want to ________ playing basketball, but I am too short. —Don’t lose heart. No dream is too big and no dreamer is too small. A．give up B．turn up C．show up D．eat up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我真的不想放弃打篮球，但我太矮了。——别灰心。梦想再大也不嫌大，追梦人再小也不嫌小。 考查动词短语辨析。give up放弃；turn up出现；show up出现；eat up吃光。根据“but I am too short”及“Don’t lose heart.”可知，此处是说不想放弃打篮球，give up符合语境。故选A。 (2) My mom says I should not ________ my phone every 5 minutes. It’s a bad habit. A．pick up B．get up C．give up D．take up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我妈妈说我不应该每5分钟就拿起我的手机。这是个坏习惯。 考查动词短语。pick up拿起；get up起床；give up放弃；take up开始从事。根据“It’s a bad habit.”及生活常识可知，每5分钟就拿手机看是不好的习惯，pick up符合语境。故选A。 12. return /rɪˈtɜːn/ n. & v. 回来；归还；恢复，重现 [词汇搭配] in return 作为回报；return to China 回到中国；return sth. to sb.把某物归还某人 [词汇例句] We will return to our hometown next month. 我们下周将要回到家乡。 We’re waiting for the return of spring. 我们正在等待春天的归来。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) My cousin borrows my things without ________ them. A．returning B．competing C．arguing D．comparing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我堂哥借了我的东西却没有归还它们。 考查动词辨析。returning归还；competing竞争；arguing争论；comparing比较。根据动词borrow“借”可知，此处应用动词return表示借东西不还的语境。故选A。 (2) Mr. Zhang waited a long time for his son to return. A．come back B．prepare C．go to bed D．wake up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：张先生等了很长时间，等待儿子回来。 考查动词短语辨析。return回来；come back回来；prepare准备；go to bed上床睡觉；wake up醒来。根据“waited a long time for his son to return”可知，划线部分意为“回来”，与“come back”同义。故选A。 13. deal /diːl/ n. 交易 v. 对付 [词汇拓展] <过去式> dealt；<过去分词>dealt；dealer (n.) 商人；经销商 [词汇搭配] It’s/That’s a deal !就这么办吧！就这么说定了！a good/great deal of...大量，很多 what's the deal? 出了什么事；怎么啦；deal with 处理；对付；deal in 经营；买卖 not a big deal没什么大不了的 [随学随练] 写出下列单词中deal的中文意思 (1) The company deals in computer software(软件). (v.) deal in 经营，买卖(某一产品) (2) He's good at dealing with pressure. (v.) deal with 解决；处理；应付 (3) Her poems often deal with the subject of death. (v.) deal with 涉及；论及；关于 (4) They spent a great deal of money. (n.) a great/good deal with 大量，很多 (5) What's the deal? Do you want to go out or not? what's the deal? 出了什么事；怎么啦 (6) Japan will have to do a deal with America on rice imports(进口). (n.) 协议;（尤指）交易，生意 (7) It's a deal! 就这么办吧！说定了。 14. manage /ˈmænɪdʒ/ v. 完成；管理 [词汇拓展] manager (n.) 经理；管理者；management (n.) 管理；经营 [词汇搭配] manage to do sth. 设法做成某事；manage a company 管理一家公司 manage time wisely 明智地管理时间 [词汇例句] Sally managed to get to the station on time. 她成功地准时到达了车站。 [随学随练] 用manage的适当形式填空 (1) I don't know exactly how we'll it , but we will, somehow. (2) The zoo needed better rather than more money. (3) The chef, staff and are all Chinese. 【答案】manage；management；manager 15. get into 开始做某事；进入 [词汇拓展] · into短语： break into 强行闯入；突然开始（唱歌、大笑等）；look into 调查，研究 turn into变成，转变为；run into偶然遇见；撞上；fall into掉入；进入（某种习惯/状态） be into sth.喜欢，对...感兴趣；cut...into...把...切成... [词汇用法] (1) 表示“开始做某事” When did you get into playing the piano? 你什么时候开始弹钢琴的？ (2) 表示“进入” He got into the car, and then waved goodbye to us. 他进入汽车，让后对我们挥手告别。 (3) 表示“养成某种习惯，习惯于” Don't let yourself get into bad habits. 别让自己染上恶习。 (4) 表示“陷入，处于” He got into trouble with the police while he was still at school. 他还在上学时就与警方发生过纠葛。 (5) 表示“被录取，被接受入学” He got into a famous university last year. 他去年被一所著名大学录取。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) Don't ________ the lift. Something has gone wrong with it. A．get into B．get to C．get out of D．get on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要上电梯。它出毛病了。考查动词短语。A. get into进入；B. get to到达；C. get out of 从…出来；D. get on登上（车、马等）；相处和睦，继续做。“上电梯”是get into the lift；故选A。 (2) Water will ________ ice when the temperature is below 0 ℃. A．put into B．come into C．turn into D．turn to 【答案】C 【详解】句意“当温度在零度以下时，水会变成冰”。A.把……放进；B.进来；C.变成；D.转身。根据句意可知，表示“水变成冰”，故选C。 16. push /pʊʃ/ v. 督促；敦劝，劝解；推；推动 n. 推，搡；鼓励，激励；坚定的努力 [词汇搭配] push sb. to do/push sb. into doing 督促某人做某事，敦劝某人做某事 push sb. too hard 逼迫某人太紧；push back推迟；延迟；push forward继续前进；继续跋涉 push (sb) for sth（向某人）反复要求，施压争取… [词汇例句] She pushed her face towards him. 她把脸凑近了他。 The car won't start. Can you give it a push? 汽车发动不起来。你推一下好不好？ [随学随练] 用push补全句子或翻译句子 (1) 我将不得不催促你答复了。 I'm going to have to . 【答案】push you for an answer (2) 他们把会议推迟到了下午4点。 They to 4:00 p.m. 【答案】pushed the meeting back (3) 约翰认为他的父母对他太苛刻了。 John thinks his parents . 【答案】push him too hard (4) 我推开了门。 【答案】I pushed the door open. (5) 我的老师劝我参加比赛。 My teacher the competition. 【答案】pushed me into entering 17. myself /maɪˈself/ pron. 我自己 [词汇拓展] self (n.) 自我；自身；I(主格)我；me(宾格)我；my(形容词性物主代词)我的 mine(名词性物主代词)我的 [词汇搭配] by oneself 独自，单独；enjoy oneself玩得开心 [词汇例句] My grandma learnt to use smart phone by herself. 我奶奶自己学习使用智能手机。 I myself do not agree.我本人不同意。 [词汇用法] · -self/-selves 构成的代词叫作反身代词。第一人称和第二人称的反身代词由形容性物主代词词尾加-self/-selves构成；第三人称的反身代词由宾格代词词尾加-self/-selves构成。 · 同一人称反身代词有单复数之分。 人称 主格人称代词 宾格人称代词 反身代词 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 第一人称 I 我 we 我们 me 我 us 我们 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 you 你 you 你们 you 你 you 你们 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 he 他 she 她 it 它 they 他/她/它们 him 他 her 她 it 它 them 他/她/它们 himself 他自己 herself她自己 itself它自己 themselves 他/她/它们自己 · 反身代词可以作相同人称的宾语，表示动作的主语和宾语时同一个人。 The boy can dress himself. (注意：不用him) I found myself unable to speak. (注意：myself不用me代替) [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) I usually talk to ________ friends with WeChat and get ________ ready for the lessons in the evening. A．my; me B．me; myself C．myself; my D．my; myself 【答案】D 【详解】句意:我通常在晚上用微信和朋友聊天，并为课程做准备。 考查代词辨析。my我的，形容词性物主代词;me我，人称代词的宾格;myself我自己，反身代词。根据“I usually talk to...fiends”可知，此处指“和我的朋友交谈”，应用形容词性物主代词来修饰名词friends，第一个空应用my;根据“get..ready for the lessons”可知，此处指“让自己为上课做好准备”，应用反身代词，第二个空应用myself。故选D。 (2) I don’t want Dad to teach ________ how to fish. I can teach ________. A．me; myself B．me; me C．my; me D．my; myself 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我不想让爸爸教我如何钓鱼。我可以自学。 考查代词辨析。me我，宾格代词;myself我自己，反身代词;m我的，形容词性物主代词。第一空作为动词teach的宾语，用宾格me;根据“1canteach.”可知，表示我自学，teach oneself'自学”，故用myself，故选A。 18. chat /tʃæt/ v. & n. 闲聊 [词汇拓展] <动词-ing> chatting；<过去式> chatted [词汇搭配] chat about...谈论...；chat with/ to... 与...聊天；have a long chat长谈 [词汇例句] He spend hours chatting on the phone with his friend.他花了几个小时和他的朋友在电话上聊天。 [随学随练] 单项填空 — I like playing computer games and chatting ________ my friends ________the internet. — Me too, A．to; in B．with; on C．for; in D．off; through 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我喜欢玩电脑游戏和在网上与朋友聊天。  ——我也是。 考查介词搭配。to向，朝着；in在……里面；with和；on在……上面；for为了，给；off远离；through穿过。根据“ chatting...my friends...the internet.”可知此处考查短语“chat with sb” 表示“与某人聊天”，“on the internet” 表示“在网上”。故选B。 3、 重难句型解析 1. 谈论业余时间活动 (教材原句)—What do you do in your free time? —I like/love to... —Why do you do it? —I do it to... 如： —What do you do in your free time? 你在空闲时间做什么？ —I like/love to draw pictures.我喜欢画画。 —Why do you do it? 你为什么画画？ —I do it to relax my mind. 我画画放松我的头脑。 [随学随练] 用上述句型编写一段对话。(参考词汇：your grandpa, do kung fu, get some exercise) — — — — 【参考答案】 —What does your grandpa do in your free time? —He loves to do kung fu. —Why does he do it? —He does it to get some exercise. 2. 谈论做业余爱好的原因 (教材原句)It makes me feel happy to... 此句型表示“做某事使我感到开心”，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式。其中happy可以替换成一些表示好的心情，感受的形容词，如：excited，relaxing，joyful，clam，glad，satisfied等。 如：It makes me feel relaxing to listen to Huangmei Opera. 听黄梅戏使我感动很放松。 (教材原句)It’s a great way to... 此句型表示“这是做某事的一个好方法”，在谈论业余爱好时，先陈述爱好，it代替爱好，to后接爱好能够给自己带来的益处等，如：relax myself；get some exercise；to express feeling等。 如：I love to go skiing in my free time. It’s a good way to get some exercise.我喜欢空闲时去滑雪。这是锻炼的一个好办法。 (教材原句)It helps me to... 此句型表示“这帮助我...”，用法与前一个句型类似。 如：I enjoy playing basketball on weekends. It helps me strengthen my body and make new friends.我喜欢周末和朋友打篮球。它帮助我强身健体、结交新朋友。 (教材原句)When I started to..., I... 此句型是一个复合句，其中when I started to...表示“当我开始...”，是一个时间状语从句，后一句是主语，描述最初开始某项爱好时，具体做的事情，感受等。 如：(教材例句)When I started to do calligraphy, I spent hours practising single strokes.当我开始练习书法时，我花费好几个小时练习每一个笔画。 [随学随练] 请使用上述句型谈一谈你的业余爱好，写2-3句话。 【参考答案】 I love to play volleyball with my friends in my free time. It’s a great way to get some exercise. It also helps to improve our friendship. 3. used to句型 (教材原句)Fu Xing used to be scared of water, but she started swimming to get over her fear. used to后接动词原型，表示“过去常常，曾经”，used不跟随主语变化，只能表示过去的动作或状态，通常现在已经不做或不是以前那样了。 如：Lily used to wear glasses. 丽丽以前戴眼镜。 My uncle used to be a doctor. 我叔叔以前是名医生。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 他过去很害羞。 【答案】He used to be shy. (2) Sally以前留着短发。 【答案】Sally used to have short hair. 4. how引导宾语从句 (教材原句)I know how that feels. (教材原句)I even like how the ink smells! 上述两句中how引导宾语从句。how引导宾语从句时，在从句中不充当主干成分。类似用法有when，where，why等。what，who等也用于引导宾语从句，但在句中要充当主干成分。 如：I don’t know why he was late again. 不知道他为什么又迟到了。(why不充当主干成分) I can’t fully understand what he said just now. 我不能完全理解他刚刚说的。(what充当said的宾语) [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —I don’t know ________ I can improve my English writing. —You can keep a diary in English every day. A．when B．why C．how D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道怎样才能提高我的英语写作水平。——你可以每天用英语写日记。 考查宾语从句连接词。when什么时候；why为什么；how怎样，如何；where在哪里。根据答语“你可以每天用英语写日记”可知，这是提供提高英语写作的方法，因此问句是在询问“如何”提高。故选C。 (2) —I wonder ________ we can do to protect animals in danger. —We can raise money and stop killing them. A．where B．what C．when D．why 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想知道我们能做什么来保护濒危动物。——我们可以筹集资金并停止杀害它们。 考查宾语从句。where哪里；what什么；when什么时候；why为什么。根据“I wonder...we can do to protect animals in danger”可知宾语从句中动词“do”为及物动词，缺少宾语，且答句强调“做什么”来保护动物，因此需用“what”作宾语。故选B。 5. when引导状语从句 (教材原句)When I started to do calligraphy, I spend hours practising single stokes. 此句中when引导一个时间状语从句，表示过去发生的事情，用过去的时态。 spend表示“花费(时间，金钱)”，常用搭配spend...(in) doing sth.“花费...做某事”，也可用于spend...on sth.表示“花费...在某事上”。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) She ________ a folding fan when she visited Sichuan last year. A．buys B．bought C．has bought D．will buy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她去年在四川游玩时，买了一把折扇。 考查动词时态。根据“when she visited Sichuan last year”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时，动词需用过去式形式。故选B。 (2) It is quite natural to feel nervous ______ you speak in public. A．though B．when C．after D．than 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当你在公众面前讲话时感到紧张是很自然的。 考查时间状语从句。though尽管；when当……时；after在……之后；than比。句子描述的是在公共场合说话的时候会引发紧张感，用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。 6. It’s+adj.+to do 句型 (教材原句)It’s important not to forget to relax once in a while. 此句中it是形式主语，真正地主语是后面的not to forget to relax once in a while。 此句型可以做以下拓展： · 当adj.修饰事物时，形容词后加for sb.变成“It is+adj.+ for sb.+ to do ...”表示“对于某人来说，做...是...样的”。 如：It is important for teenagers to have enough sleep. 对于青少年来说，有足够的睡眠是很重要的。 · 当adj.修饰人物时，形容词后加of sb.变成“It is+adj.+ of sb.+ to do ...”表示“某人做...是...样的”。 如：It is polite of you to knock at the door before entering it. 进门前敲门，你这样做是有礼貌的。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 询问他人的年龄、体重或其他个人信息是不礼貌的。 【答案】It is impolite to ask someone's age, weight, or other personal information. (2) 对于学生们来说，课间放松和休息是有必要的。 【答案】It’s necessary for students to have a break and relax between lessons. 4、 其他知识解析 1. by 用法 (教材原句)I practised by performing in front of my fiends. (教材原句)It’s a poem by Li Bai. 第一句中by后接doing形式，表示“通过...方式”；第二句中by表示“(作品)由某人创作”。此外，by还有多种用法，如表示方式；表示“在...旁边”等。 [随学随练] 写出by在下列句子中的中文含义 (1) The woman stood by a tree and held a basket. 在...旁边 (2) You can improve your listening skills by watching English movies. 通过...方式 (3) You need to hand in your homework by Tuesday. 在...（时间）以前 (4) The price has risen by 30%. 表示量，程度 (5) He was knocked down by a bus. 表示被，由(常用于被动语态) (6) They're improving day by day. 表示速率(day by day 一天一天地) (7) They met by chance. (置于不带the的名词前，表示原因）由于 (8) a painting by Van Gogh (图书、音乐、绘画等）由…（创作），出自 2. “疑问词+不定式”用法 (教材原句)My grandma taught me how to write it. 此句中，how to write it 是“疑问词+不定式”结构作taught后的直接宾语。“疑问词+不定式”结构还可以作主语，表语等。 如：Could you please tell me how to work out this problem? 你能告诉我如何解决这个问题吗？ [随学随练] 单项填空 Can you tell me how ________ there? A．get B．to get C．getting D．to getting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能告诉我怎么到那儿吗？ 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。句子中“how”是疑问词，此处需要构成“疑问词+不定式”的固定结构，在句中作“tell me”的宾语，how to do sth意为“如何做某事”。因此，正确答案是to get。故选B。 3. 不定式的否定式 (教材原句)The instructor told Emma not to give up so easily. (教材原句)It’s difficult, but he always encourages me not to give up. tell和encourage这两动词后接复合宾语结构。可用带to的不定式作宾语补足语。不定式变否定形式时，在不定式符号to前加not。 如：He asked me not to tell Lucy the truth. 他让我不要告诉露西真相。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) Mr. Li asks the students ________ in the river, because it’s too dangerous. A．to not swim B．to swim C．swim D．not to swim 【答案】D 【详解】句意：李老师让学生们不要在河里游泳，因为太危险了。 考查动词不定式的否定式。ask sb. (not) to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“要求某人（不要）做某事”。根据“because it’s too dangerous”可知，应要求学生“不要游泳”，因此用动词不定式的否定式not to swim。故选D。 (2) My mother often tells me ________ too much time playing computer games. A．not to spend B．to not spend C．don’t spend D．not spend 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我妈妈经常告诉我不要花费太多时间玩电脑游戏。 考查非谓语动词。tell sb. not to do sth.表示“告诉某人不要做某事”，否定词not应置于不定式to do之前。故选A。 4. 不含to的不定式作宾语补足语 (教材原句)It made me decide to try skiing. (教材原句)I’d like to watch you fly kites sometime. · 在make,let,have等使役动词后跟不带to的不定式。 如：The teacher had us read the text aloud.老师让我们大声读课文。 · 在watch,see,hear,notice,feel等感官动词后，若强调动作全过程或经常性动作，跟不带to的不定式；若强调动作正在进行，跟doing结构。 如：I often hear her sing in the room. 我经常听到她在房间唱歌。(强调动作全过程或经常性动作) I saw him crossing the street. 我看见他正在过马路。(强调动作正在进行) [随学随练] 单项填空 —I tried to make Kate _________ her mind, but I found it hard.     —Well, I saw you _________ that when I went past. A．change; do B．to change; doing C．changing; do D．change; doing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我尽力让凯特改变主意，但我发现这很难。——哦，我路过时看到你正在这么做。 考查非谓语动词。第一空根据“made Kate...”可知，此处应是make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，此处应使用动词原形作宾语补足语；第二空根据“when I went past”可知，当时动作正在进行，应是see sb. doing sth.，意为“看见某人正在做某事”。故选D。 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) The Tang (诗歌) are great works of Chinese literature. 【答案】poems (2) Don’t (推) the door. It’s too dangerous to do so. 【答案】push (3) It’s one of my favorite TV (节目). I watch it every day. 【答案】programs (4) I will (去滑雪)this Sunday. Would you like to go with me? 【答案】 go skiing (5) My father used to be ________ ________  ________  ________ ________ (过去害怕) taking planes. 【答案】used to be scared of (6) My cousin is still (单个的，单身的) and enjoys travelling alone on weekends. 【答案】single (7) He (表达) his thanks and love to his parents yesterday. 【答案】expressed (8) The three (教练) are talking about the Special Olympics World Summer Games. 【答案】instructors (9) The United States (归还) 41 pieces of cultural relics and artworks to China on 4 March, 2025. 【答案】returned (10) I finally ________ ________  ________  ________ my ________ of speaking in public. 【答案】managed to get over fear (11) Paul made a ________(协议)with his dad that he could watch TV on weekends. 【答案】deal (12) I decided to take my erhu to the street and  ________ ________  ________  ________ . 【答案】give  it  a  go (13) Does your parents love to ________ ________  ________  ________ ? 【答案】watch kung fu movies (14) His grandpa goes fishing by the river ________ ________  ________  ________ . 【答案】once  in  a  while (15) I like to ________ ________  (练书法). It’s a ________ ________  ________  ________ (放松的好办法). 【答案】do calligraphy great way to relax (16) Elders have worked hard all their lives, so ________ ________  ________  ________(出外游玩)can help them to relax and forget their troubles. 【答案】going on an outing 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) The two boys are going to be computer . (program) 【答案】programmers 【详解】句意：这两个男孩将成为计算机程序员。program“程序”，根据“The two boys are going to be”可知，此处表示职业；programmer“程序员”符合题意，The two boys为复数，因此用复数形式programmers。故填programmers。 (2) A clear of your ideas can help your schoolmates understand you better. (express) 【答案】expression 【详解】句意：清晰地表达你的想法能够帮助你的同学更好地理解你。根据“A clear...of”可知，横线处需填名词，express“表达”，动词，其名词形式为expression。“A clear expression of...”意为“……的清晰表达”。故填expression。 (3) The little boy was too (scare) to move when he saw the big dog. 【答案】scared 【详解】句意：这个小男孩看到那只大狗时吓得不敢动。根据提示“scare”及语境，此处需用其形容词形式“scared”意为“感到害怕的”，用于描述人的感受。故填scared。 (4) Li Bai is one of the most famous (poem) in Chinese history—many people love his works. 【答案】poets 【详解】句意：李白是中国历史上最著名的诗人之一，许多人喜爱他的作品。poem“诗歌”，是名词。根据“Li Bai”以及“many people love his works”可知，此处是指“诗人”，应用poet；又因“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”，所以此处应用名词poet的复数形式poets。故填poets。 (5) Tom (deal) with the problem properly and won high praise from his teachers. 【答案】dealt 【详解】汤姆正确地处理了问题，赢得了老师们的高度赞扬。根据“and won high praise from his teachers.”可知，此处用一般过去时，用动词过去式dealt。故填dealt。 (6) The food was cold, so I asked to speak to the . (manage) 【答案】manager 【详解】句意：食物是冷的，所以我要求跟经理谈话。manage“管理”，动词；根据“speak to”可知是与人交谈，名词manager“经理”符合语境；此处表示特指，因此使用单数形式。故填manager。 (7) We managed (spare) an hour to practice English every day and our language skills improved. 【答案】to spare 【详解】句意：我们设法每天抽出一个小时来练习英语，我们的语言技能得到了提高。spare“抽出（时间）”，动词；manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式to spare作宾语。故填to spare。 (8) The mother gave up (push) her children, so that they can have more free time. 【答案】pushing 【详解】句意：这位母亲放弃了逼迫她的孩子，以便他们有更多的自由时间。分析句子结构和所给单词可知，应填push的动名词形式pushing，作give up的宾语。give up doing sth“放弃做某事”。故填pushing。 (9) With my father’s help, I can ride the bike by . (I) 【答案】myself 【详解】句意：在我爸爸的帮助下，我可以自己骑自行车。根据“by”可知，此处使用反身代词，by oneself“独自”，I的反身代词为myself。故填myself。 (10) That old man doesn’t have any children. Two volunteers came and (chat) with him yesterday. 【答案】chatted 【详解】句意：那位老人没有孩子。昨天两名志愿者来和他聊天。句子时间状语是yesterday“昨天”，表示过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时，动词chat应用过去式chatted。故填chatted。 (11) Our school has lots of green spaces. Students enjoy spending some time (chat) there. 【答案】chatting 【详解】句意：我们的学校有很多绿地。学生们喜欢在那里花些时间聊天。“spend time doing sth”是固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，chat“聊天”，是动词原形，动名词形式是chatting。故填chatting。 (12) Parents always expect their children (grow) up to be kind people. 【答案】to grow 【详解】句意：父母总是期望他们的孩子长大成为善良的人。根据“expect their children”可知，此处使用expect sb. to do sth.“期望某人做某事”。故填to grow。 (13) My sister isn’t afraid (speak) in public. 【答案】to speak 【详解】句意：我妹妹不害怕在公共场合说话。be afraid to do sth.表示“害怕做某事”。本句中“isn’t afraid”后需接动词不定式形式，isn’t afraid to speak“不害怕说话”。故填​​to speak​​。 (14) He always encourages us (develop) different hobbies. 【答案】to develop 【详解】句意：他总是鼓励我们培养不同的爱好。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to develop。 (15) I often watch these old people (dance) in the square. 【答案】dance/dancing 【详解】句意：我经常看这些老人在广场上跳舞。根据“often watch”可知，此处可用watch sb do sth“看到某人经常做某事”或watch sb doing sth“看到某人正在做某事”，dance“跳舞”，动词。故填dance/dancing。 (16) They watched an old woman (play) the erhu under the tree just now. 【答案】playing 【详解】句意：刚才他们看见一位老妇人正在树下拉二胡。根据“They watched an old woman...the erhu under the tree just now.”可知，看见一位老妇人正在树下拉二胡，watch sb doing sth“看见某人正在做某事”，故填playing。 (17) To deal with stress from exams, Li Hong started (jog) in the park every morning. 【答案】jogging/to jog 【详解】句意：为了应对考试压力，李红开始每天早上在公园慢跑。jog“慢跑”，start doing sth./start to do sth“开始做某事”，因此填动名词/动词不定式。故填jogging/to jog。 (18) You can choose (use) different robots. 【答案】to use 【详解】句意：你可以选择使用不同的机器人。根据“choose”可知，此处考查choose的用法，choose to do sth“选择做某事”，因此这里应填动词不定式形式。故填to use。 (19) Can you teach us how (make) a model plane? 【答案】to make 【详解】句意：你能教我们怎样做模型飞机吗？此处应用结构“疑问词+动词不定式”，how to do sth.“怎样做某事”。故填to make。 (20) We can go to school by bike to make our city (become) greener. 【答案】become 【详解】句意：我们可以骑自行车去上学，让我们的城市变得更加绿色。分析句子“We can go to school by bike to make our city…greener.”，结合所给词可知，此处应填入动词原形become，作宾语补足语，意为“成为”，指的是让“我”们的城市变得更加绿色。故填become。 (21) He decided (not order) dishes at that restaurant. 【答案】not to order 【详解】句意：他决定不在那家餐厅点菜。not order“不点菜”，根据“decide”可知，decide not to do sth.“决定不做某事”，应用动词不定式的否定形式。故填not to order。 (22) Nowadays, after-class are becoming more and more popular in schools. (activity) 【答案】activities 【详解】句意：如今，课后活动在学校里越来越受欢迎。根据“are”可知，空处用名词复数作主语，activity的复数形式为activities。故填activities。 (23) Whoever treats others with respect will get respect ________ return. 【答案】in 【详解】句意：无论谁尊重他人，都会得到他人的尊重作为回报。“in return” 是固定短语，意为 “作为回报”，符合语境。故填 in。 (24)  Zhou Dong gave up his job and returned ________ his hometown. 【答案】to 【详解】句意：周东辞去了工作，回到了他的家乡。“return to + 地点” 是固定搭配，意为 “回到某地”，hometown 是具体地点，故填 to。 (25) Our teachers often push us ________ (read)more. 【答案】to read 【详解】句意:我们的老师经常敦促我们去阅读更多。push sb to do意为“敦促某人去做...”，push后接不定式作宾补。故填to read。 3. 单项填空 (1) —How do you practice your spoken English? —________ chatting with my friends on the Internet. A．For B．By C．With D．In 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你怎么练习你的英语口语？——通过在网上和我的朋友们聊天。 考查介词辨析。For为了；By通过；With用；In在……里面。根据答语“chatting with my friends on the Internet.”可知，此处表达方式，应选用介词“by”加动名词，表示“通过……方式”。故选B。 (2) —Do you use WeChat to chat? —Yes. I often have a chat ________ the NBA games ________ my friends. A．about; at B．for; with C．about; with D．for; at 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你用微信聊天吗？——是的。我经常和我的朋友们聊关于NBA比赛的话题。 考查介词辨析。about关于；at在；for为了，给；with和……一起。根据“I often have a chat...the NBA games...my friends.”可知，第一空，此处表示聊“关于”NBA比赛的话题，应该使用介词“about”，“chat about sth.”表示“聊某事”；第二空，此处表示“和”我的朋友们聊天，“chat with sb.”是固定搭配，表示“和某人聊天”。故选C。 (3) Though Helen was blind, she ________ to enter a university and became a heroine to many people. A．managed B．failed C．succeeded D．refused 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尽管海伦失明了，她设法进入了一所大学并成为许多人的英雄。 考查动词辨析。managed设法；failed失败；succeeded成功；refused拒绝。根据连词“though”和结果“became a heroine”可知，她克服困难成功进入大学，强调努力达成。manage to do表示“设法成功做成某事”；succeed“成功”，用于succeed in doing sth.搭配。故选A。 (4) If you treat others with your heart, you will get friendship ________ . A．on average B．on duty C．in return D．in total 【答案】C 【详解】句意:如果你用心对待别人，你会得到友谊作为回报。 考查短语辨析。on average平均；on duty值日，值班；in return作为回报；in total总共。根据句意“如果你用心对待别人，你会得到友谊...”，选择“作为回报”符合句意。故选C。 (5) A ________ of attending social activities may sometimes influence personal relationships. A．fear B．deal C．push D．program 【答案】C 【详解】句意:害怕参加社交活动有时可能会影响人际关系。 考查名词辨析。fear害怕；deal交易；push推；鼓励；program节目，程序。根据influence personal relationships可知，此处表示“害怕参加社交活动”“有时可能会影人际关系”，故填fear“害怕”。故选A。 (6) My grandpa decided ________ smoking for his health. A．to give away B．give out C．giving back D．to give up 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的爷爷为了他的健康决定戒烟。 考查动词短语及非谓语动词。give away捐赠；give out分发；give back归还；give up放弃。decide to do sth.决定做某事，排除BC；根据“for his health”可知，此处表示为了健康而戒烟，用give up smoking表示“戒烟”。故选D。 (7) Many young people are starting to ________ traditional Chinese culture, such as calligraphy and tea art. A．take up B．give up C．look up D．put up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多年轻人开始学习中国传统文化，比如书法和茶艺。 考查动词短语。take up开始从事，学着做；give up放弃；look up查找；put up搭建。根据“such as calligraphy and tea art.”可知，此处是在说很多年轻人开始学习与中国传统文化相关的东西。故选A。 (8) —The new ride in the park looks ________. —Come on! It’s worth trying. If you feel ________, just shout or hold my hand. A．scary; scared B．scared; scared C．scared; scary D．scary; scary 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——公园里的新游乐设施看起来很吓人。——来吧！值得一试。如果你感到害怕，就大喊或握住我的手。 考查形容词辨析。scary吓人的，用于描述物；scared害怕的，用于描述人。第一空所在句主语为“The new ride in the park”，所以此处用scary；第二空所在句主语为“you”，所以此处用scared。故选A。 (9) —Where shall we go on vacation, Mom? —________. I know you are good at making travelling plans. A．Good idea B．No problem C．It’s hard to say D．It’s up to you 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我们去哪里度假？——由你决定。我知道你擅长制定旅行计划。 考查情景交际。Good idea好主意；No problem没问题；It’s hard to say很难说；It’s up to you由你决定。根据“I know you are good at making traveling plans.”可知，妈妈认可孩子的能力，让孩子做决定。故选D。 (10) —Do you often use Wechat？ —Yes, we often chat _________ English study ________ our classmates. A．for, with B．about, at C．to, at D．about, with 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你经常用微信吗？——是的，我们经常和同学们聊英语学习的事。 考查介词辨析。for为了；with和；about关于；at在；to向。根据“chat...English study...our classmates”可知，指的是和同学聊关于英语学习的事，chat about sth. with sb.表示 “和某人聊（关于）某事”。故选D。 (11) Kitty’s mother makes her ________ for half an hour every morning. A．dance B．dances C．to dance D．dancing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Kitty的妈妈每天早上让她跳舞半小时。 考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，此处需用动词原形作宾语补足语。故选A。 (12) The teacher asked us ______ quiet in the library and not ______ any noise. A．to keep; make B．keeping; make C．to keep; to make D．keeping; to make 【答案】C 【详解】句意：老师要求我们在图书馆保持安静并且不要制造任何噪音。 考查动词不定式用法。动词ask后接不定式作宾语补足语，ask sb to do sth“让某人做某事”；ask sb not to do sth“让某人不要做某事”。故选C。 (13) —Tom, what do you think is the secret ________ writing in English? —________ reading lots of English articles. A．of; About B．to; With C．to; By D．with; By 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你认为用英语写作的秘诀是什么？——通过阅读大量英文文章。 考查介词辨析。of属于……的；About关于；to向，朝；With和……一起；By通过。根据“what do you think is the secret...writing in English?”可知，此处是指写作的秘诀，the secret to doing sth.表示“做某事的秘诀”，因此第一空填to；再根据“...reading lots of English articles.”可知，此处是指通过阅读大量英文文章，介词by表示“通过”。故选C。 (14) My brother ________ play basketball after school, but now he likes playing soccer. A．used to B．is used to C．was used to D．uses to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的兄弟过去常常放学后打篮球，但现在他喜欢踢足球。 考查固定搭配。used to过去常常，后接动词原形；is used to习惯于，当前的状态，后接动名词或名词；was used to习惯于，过去的状态，后接动名词或名词；uses to为错误表达。根据“but now”的对比关系，此处表过去的习惯。故选A。 (15) — Although he was really disappointed, he _______ a weak smile. — He is always caring about others` feelings. A．managed B．suggested C．offered D．pushed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——他虽然很失望，但还是微微一笑。——他总是在乎别人的感受。A. managed设法，运用；B. suggested 建议；C. offered提供；D. pushed推。结合句意可知，答案为A。 4. 选择填空 A ski;program;express;instructor;scared;fear;get over;up to (1) It's important to ________ your true feelings when you communicate with your parents. 【答案】express 【详解】句意：当你和父母沟通时，表达你的真实感受是很重要的。 It's important to do sth. 是固定句型，to 后接动词原形，express 意为 “表达”。 (2) The computer ________ can help us solve math problems quickly if we use it correctly. 【答案】program 【详解】句意：如果我们正确使用，这个电脑程序可以帮助我们快速解决数学问题。 此处需要单数名词作主语，program 意为 “程序”，符合语境。 (3) The little girl felt ________ when she saw the big dog running towards her. 【答案】scared 【详解】句意：这个小女孩看到大狗朝她跑来时感到很害怕。 feel 后接形容词作表语，scared 意为 “感到害怕的”，用来形容人的感受。 (4) My brother practices ________ every winter because he loves the feeling of sliding on snow. 【答案】skiing 【详解】句意：我哥哥每年冬天都练习滑雪，因为他喜欢在雪上滑行的感觉。 practice 后接动词 - ing 形式作宾语，ski 的 - ing 形式为 skiing。 (5) You need to ________ your shyness if you want to make more friends at school. 【答案】get over 【详解】句意：如果你想在学校交更多朋友，你需要克服你的害羞。 need to 后接动词原形，get over 意为 “克服”，是固定短语。 (6) Our PE ________ is very strict but he always teaches us useful skills patiently. 【答案】instructor 【详解】句意：我们的体育教练很严格，但他总是耐心地教我们有用的技能。 PE instructor 是固定搭配，意为 “体育教练”，符合句意。 (7) The activity is open to students ________ 15 years old in our city. 【答案】up to 【详解】句意：这项活动对我市 15 岁及以下的学生开放。 up to 是固定短语，意为 “直到；多达”，符合句意。 (8) Don't let ________ stop you from trying new things in your daily life. 【答案】fear 【详解】在日常生活中，不要让恐惧阻止你尝试新事物。 let 后接名词作宾语，fear 意为 “恐惧”，是不可数名词，符合语境。 B poem;single give up;return;deal;manage;get into;push;myself;chat (1) My sister is still a ________ lady and she enjoys traveling around the world alone. 【答案】single 【详解】句意：我姐姐还是单身，她喜欢独自环游世界。 此处需要形容词作定语修饰名词 lady，single 意为 “单身的”，符合句意。 (2) You should never ________ learning English, because it’s a useful tool for communication. 【答案】give up 【详解】句意：你永远不应该放弃学习英语，因为它是一个有用的交流工具。 should 后接动词原形，give up 意为 “放弃”，是固定短语。 (3) Lucy forgot to ________ the book to the library on time, so she had to pay a fine. 【答案】return 【详解】句意：露西忘记按时把书还到图书馆，所以她不得不支付罚款。 forget to do sth. 是固定搭配，to 后接动词原形，return 意为 “归还”。 (4) It’s not easy to ________ with the difficult problem in such a short time. 【答案】deal 【详解】句意：要在这么短的时间内处理这个难题并不容易。 deal with 是固定短语，意为 “处理；应对”，不定式符号 to 后接动词原形。 (5) I spent two hours writing a short ________ about my summer vacation last night. 【答案】poem 【详解】句意：昨晚我花了两个小时写了一首关于我的暑假的短诗。 a 后接单数可数名词，poem 意为 “诗歌”，符合语境。 (6) My parents always ________ me to be a better person and I really appreciate that. 【答案】push 【详解】句意：我的父母总是督促我成为一个更好的人，我真的很感激。 根据 always 可知句子用一般现在时，主语 parents 是复数，谓语动词用原形 push，push sb. to do sth. 意为 “督促某人做某事”。 (7) Though the task was hard, we ________ to finish it before the deadline finally. 【答案】managed 【详解】句意：虽然任务很难，但我们最终还是设法在截止日期前完成了它。 根据从句中的 was 可知主句用一般过去时，manage 的过去式为 managed，manage to do sth. 意为 “设法做成某事”。 (8) My best friend and I often ________ online for half an hour every evening. 【答案】chat 【详解】句意：我和我最好的朋友经常每天晚上在线聊天半小时。 根据 often 可知句子用一般现在时，主语 My best friend and I 是复数，谓语动词用原形 chat，chat online 意为 “在线聊天”。 (9) I can finish the homework by ________ without asking for others’ help. 【答案】myself 【详解】句意：我可以自己完成作业，不用求助于别人。 by oneself 是固定搭配，意为 “独自；靠自己”，I 的反身代词是 myself。 (10) If you don’t work hard, you will ________ trouble sooner or later. 【答案】get into 【详解】句意：如果你不努力学习，你迟早会陷入麻烦。 will 后接动词原形，get into trouble 是固定短语，意为 “陷入麻烦”。 5. 翻译句子 (1) —你在空闲时间做什么？ —我喜欢去远足。 — — 【答案】—What do you do in your free time? —I like/love to go hiking. (2) Allan过去害怕在他同学们面前做演讲。 【答案】Allan used to be scared of making a speech in front of his classmates. (3) 你是如何开始弹吉他的？(get into) 【答案】How did you get into playing the guitar? (4) 当我开始练功夫时，我每天花费数小时练习每个单个的动作(movement)。 【答案】When I started to do kung fu, I spent hours practicing single movement. (5) 我喜欢听音乐。这是我感到很放松。 【答案】I like to listen to music. It makes me feel relaxing. (6) 对于孩子们来说，培养一些业余爱好是很重要的。 【答案】It’s important for children to take up some hobbies. (7) 我看见我的爷爷练习书法。我决定试一试。 【答案】I saw my grandpa do calligraphy. I decided to give it a go. (8) 我的老师鼓励我不要轻易放弃。 【答案】My teacher encouraged me not to give up easily. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $