按单词表语境记单词一轮复习知识清单-2026届高三英语牛津译林版选择性必修第四册

选择性必修四

Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility

1. It was barely ten o’clock at night.                                            
2. In the doorway of a store stood a man, with an unlit cigar in his mouth.
3. It’s an appointment made twenty years ago.
4. “It was here until five years ago,” said the policeman. “It was torn down then.”
5. The light showed a pale face, with keen eyes, a square jaw and a little white scar near his right eyebrow.
6. His scarfpin was a large diamond, oddly set.
7. The next morning I was to leave New York and travel to the West to make my fortune.
8. “Well, we kept in touch for a year or two, and then we lost contact.
9. But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive, for he always was the truest and most reliable fellow in the world.
10. I came a thousand miles to stand in this doorway tonight, and it’s worthwhile if my old partner turns up.
11. About twenty minutes later, a tall man in a long overcoat, with collar turned up to his ears, hurried toward him.
12. “Bless my heart!” cried the new arrival.
13. You’ve changed lots, Jimmy. I never thought you were tall by two or three inches.”
14. The two men walked up the street, arm in arm.
15. The man from the West was beginning to outline the history of his career.
16. “As I suspected, you’re not Jimmy Wells,” he said, impatiently with anger.
17. You’ve been under arrest for ten minutes, “Silky” Bob.
18. Chicago police thought you might have dropped over our way and wired us.
19. When you struck the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the criminal wanted in Chicago.
20. Anyhow I couldn’t arrest you myself, so I got a plain-clothes man to do the job.
21. Why had he turned into a criminal? How I wish he were innocent!
22. Hesitating over what to do, I continued listening to him, and I gradually became convinced that he had made his fortune in ways that were not legal.
23. It was a difficult decision, but I stuck to my principles anyhow.
24. The old, decent Bob went away two decades ago.
25. Among every generation there are those who are willing to bear the heavy burden of responsibility and devote themselves to working for the good of their country and people.
26. The geophysicist Huang Danian, who practised core socialist values, is a good example.
27. Eventually he resigned his post in the UK and returned to China to work at Jilin University in Changchun.
28. Sadly, he fell ill with cancer, but he continued to work even in the hospital ward until he died in 2017 at the age of just 58.
29. Huang excelled where he was working and made substantial contributions to his country.
30. His missions to map the world under the Earth’s surface helped discover valuable mineral resources and brought China’s knowledge and technology in this area alongside the world’s finest.
31. She looked superb in these photos.

32. Actually, they were taken by a professional photographer.
33. “I was feeling guilty because I was cheating my fans,” she said. “I was so ashamed of myself. I couldn’t bear living a lie any more. I hope my fans can forgive me.”
34. “Happy birthday, Anne,” said my grandma, handing me a brightly wrapped parcel with a big red bow.
35. It was my birthday dinner, a special treat, and the whole family were there—my parents, grandma, grandad, aunt, uncle and nephew.
36. Frankly speaking, I was disappointed but I smiled as broadly as I could.
37. Grandma smiled back happily at me, with deep wrinkles around her eyes.
38. She paused briefly when she first saw the dress.
39. All the hours of sewing were worth it when I saw the look of joy on her face.
40. Then I walked away, pretending not to have heard anything. However, I felt cheated and it really depressed me.
41. Honoured guests, teachers and students, it is my pleasure and privilege to welcome you here today and present my thoughts on this special occasion.
42. I have seen you grow from nervous Senior 1 students into confident young adults, who sit before me today, ready to embrace the next phase of your lives.
43. A ship without an anchor is at the mercy of the waves and winds; likewise, a person who has no sense of responsibility is at the mercy of their own careless and thoughtless behaviour.
44. This means meeting deadlines for your schoolwork, following your teachers’ guidance, and of course, always aiming for academic excellence.
45. Instead of being quick to blame others, analyse the problem, and if it is indeed your own fault, be ready to admit your mistake and then correct it.
46. This way, you practise the virtue of courage.
47. This way, you practise the virtue of integrity.
48. Society is an organic whole, and as social beings, we have a responsibility to make a contribution.
49. You may have heard the story of a small boy who tried to save starfish left on the beach after a storm, by throwing them back into the sea.
50. However, the boy was not discouraged, believing that he could make a difference to the ones that he saved.
51. For example, picking up garbage around your neighbourhood contributes to a cleaner environment.
52. Being energy-efficient leads to savings of our precious natural resources.
53. Just like the “starfish boy”, you may even inspire people around you to do the same, which is an added bonus.
54. Sometimes, responsibilities may weigh heavily on you.
55. However, just as the Chinese saying goes, “Jade is good-for-nothing if not carved.”
56. Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow.
57. Worry before all others worry; rejoice after all others have rejoiced.
58. This quote tells us that a person should act for the benefit of society at large.

 

Unit 2 Understanding each other

1. If you heard someone shout “Hey you!” from across the room, how would you react?

2. They could be interpreted as a welcoming greeting from a close friend, especially if accompanied by a gentle smile.
3. The sender encodes a message and sends it face to face, or through video, telephone, mail or social media.
4. This message is then received and decoded by the receiver.
5. In response, the receiver sends an encoded message back, which is referred to as feedback.
6. This communication process can be challenging but, with practice and patience, you can become a highly competent communicator.
7. Once you have obtained this information, you can use it to determine how best to communicate with them.
8. Depending on whether you are communicating with a stranger, friend, family member or co-worker, you will need to decide which communication channel best suits the situation.
9. For example, if you are a business person negotiating with a large enterprise about a deal, you should do it face to face, using formal language in a straightforward manner.
10. A smile shows you are attentive to the issues being discussed, while looking away with your arms folded can indicate disinterest and create distrust or friction.
11. Then you will need to clarify your message before moving on.
12. While being knowledgeable about body language is vital, the value of empathy should not be understated.
13. Seek to understand the other person’s emotions, by putting yourself in their shoes and looking at the situation from their perspective.
14. To engage him or her in the discussion and make your communication more effective, you may express your sympathy by, for instance, saying, “I understand how you feel...”
15. Only when you give serious consideration to their points of view will you be able to see what accounts for their emotions and empathize with them.
16. You may not approve of their ideas but at least you will see where they are coming from, which means you can make adjustments to your own tone and choice of words accordingly.
17. Good communication skills will also help you build trust and gain respect, allowing relationships to become more positive and productive.
18. In communication, a message is sent out not only through the speaker’s words and tones, but also through his or her facial expressions and gestures.
19. You can also repeat what has been said. This lets the speaker know that you understand precisely what he or she has said and it allows the speaker to clarify a point if there is any confusion.
20. Apart from the differences in language such as pronunciation and vocabulary, there is a significant gap in terms of communication styles.
21. Now, when speaking to Americans, who have a preference for the direct style, I found that I often failed to get straight to the point.
22. There were times when questions like “Would you mind passing me the jam, please?”
23. By the end of the exchange year, I had a somewhat better understanding of how to communicate in both countries, but I still have a lot to master.
24. A taboo is social behaviour that is not allowed.
25. Those who break taboos are likely to feel upset or embarrassed even if they have no intention of hurting others, and the situation will also be awkward for the people around