Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 课件- 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语课件围绕Unit 5 Nature’s Temper核心词汇、短语及句式展开，通过“探索新知”模块系统讲解earthquake等15个单词的构词、释义、搭配及辨析，衔接do chores短语和There be句型，搭建从词汇到句式的递进式学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如通过合成词分析（earthquake=earth+quake）、一词多义对比（flood作名词/动词）及nearly与almost辨析表格，帮助学生深化理解。采用图解助记（interview角色图）等策略提升学习能力，既助力学生掌握词汇运用，也为教师提供系统教学资源。

讲课人： 时间：202X. Section A 探究一 核心单词 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 11 1 earthquake /'ɜːθkweɪk/ n. 地震(教材P42) · During an earthquake, we should hide under a table. 地震时，我们应该躲在桌子下。 · The raindrop rolled down the leaf and fell to the ground. 雨滴顺着树叶滚下来，落到了地上。 探索新知 11 earthquake 是由“earth”(地)和“quake”(震动)构成的合成词，意为“地震”。 类似结构的合成词还有： (1)raindrop(雨滴)=rain(雨)+drop(滴) (2)waterfall(瀑布)=water(水)+fall(落下) (3)firework(烟花)=fire(火)+work(作品) (4)sunrise(日出)=sun(太阳)+rise(升起) (5)rainbow(彩虹)=rain(雨)+bow(弓) 探索新知 11 2 flood /flʌd/ n. 水灾；洪水v. 泛滥；淹没(教材P42) · The heavy rain caused a serious flood in the village. 这场大雨在村子里引发了一场严重的洪水。 · The river was in flood after the heavy rain. 大雨过后，河水泛滥了。 · He received a flood of letters of congratulation. 他收到了大量的贺信。 探索新知 11 · The river flooded the nearby fields. 河水淹没了附近的农田。 · Tourists flooded into the scenic spot during the holiday. 假期期间，游客们大量涌入这个景点。 · Our company is flooded with job applications these days. 最近我们公司收到了大量的求职申请。 探索新知 11 flood 的一词多义： (1) n. 水灾；洪水。常见用法：in flood 在涨水；在泛滥 a flood of 大量的；一大批 (2) v. 泛滥；淹没。常见搭配：flood in 大量涌入；蜂拥而至 be flooded with 大量涌入；充满 探索新知 11 3 warn /wɔːn/ v. 警告；提醒注意(教材P42) · She warned me of the danger ahead. 她告诫我前面有危险。 · He warned her about the serious situation. 他提醒她注意形势的严峻性。 · The policeman warned him not to drive too fast. 那位警察警告他不要开快车。 · My parents warned me against swimming in the river. 我的父母提醒我不要在河里游泳。 探索新知 11 · The guide warned that there might be snakes in the woods. 导游提醒树林里可能有蛇。 · Look at the warning on the wall. We can’t take photos here. 看看墙上的警告，我们不能在这里拍照。 探索新知 11 warn 是动词，意为“警告，告诫”，既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词。常见用法： (1)warn (sb.) of/about sth. 提醒(某人)注意/ 当心某事 (2)warn sb.(not)to do sth. 提醒/ 告诫某人(不要)做某事 (3) warn (sb.) against (doing) sth. 提醒(某人)不要(做)…… (4) warn (sb.) +(that)/wh- 从句 提醒(某人)…… 相关词形：warning n. 警告；警示 探索新知 11 4 wave /weɪv/ n. 波浪；波；挥手v. 挥手；挥舞(教材P43) · The heat wave made the temperature soar to a record high. 热浪使气温飙升至历史新高。 · She gave me a friendly wave as she drove by. 她开车经过时友好地向我挥手。 · He stood on the platform and waved goodbye to his family. 他站在站台上，向家人挥手告别。 · People waved flags to celebrate the victory of their team. 人们挥舞着旗帜庆祝他们队伍的胜利。 探索新知 11 wave 的一词多义： (1) [C]n. 波浪；波；挥手。常见用法：heat wave 热浪；sound wave 声波；a wave of... 一阵……；give sb. a wave 向某人挥手。 (2) v. 挥手；挥舞。常见搭配：wave to sb. 向某人挥手； wave one’s hand/arm 挥动某人的手/ 胳膊；wave sb. goodbye 向某人挥手告别；wave a/the f lag 挥舞旗帜。 探索新知 11 5 interview /‘ɪntəvjuː/ n. 采访；面试；v. 采访；对 (某人)进行面试(教材P43) · As a reporter, he often interviews all kinds of people. 作为记者，他经常采访各种各样的人。 · Many reporters interviewed the brave boy about the fire yesterday. 很多记者就昨天火灾的情况采访了那个勇敢的男孩。 · He came over well in the interview. 他在面试中给人留下了很好的印象。 · The reporter had an interview with the winner of the competition. 那位记者对这次竞赛的获胜者进行了采访。 探索新知 11 interview n. 采访；面试；会见 vt. 采访；对(某人)进行面试；会见。 常见用法：(1)interview sb. 采访/ 面试某人 (2)interview sb. about sth. 就某事采访某人 (3)have an interview with sb. 采访/ 面试某人；与某人会谈 相关词形： (1)interviewer n. 主持面试者；采访者 (2)interviewee n. 参加面试者；被采访者 探索新知 11 探索新知 11 6 possibly /'pɒsəbli/ adv. 可能；或许(教材P43) · I possibly forgot to bring my homework. 我可能忘记带作业了。 · You could possibly finish the work earlier if you work harder. 如果你更努力工作，你或许能更早完成工作。 · She won’t possibly come to the party tonight. 她今晚不可能来参加聚会。 · Please come back as early as possible. 请尽早回来。 探索新知 11 · Let’s go to the beach tomorrow if possible. 如果可能的话，我们明天去海滩吧。 possibly adv. 可能；或许；在句中位于实义动词前，be 动词、助动词、情态动词后。 相关词形：possible adj.可能的。常见用法：as...as possible尽可能……；if possible 如果可能的话。 探索新知 11 7 report /rɪ'pɔːt/ n.&v. 汇报；报道(教材P43) · The TV station reported the news last night. 昨天晚上电视台报道了这条消息。 · The witnesses reported seeing the suspect running out of the building in a hurry. 目击者报告称看到嫌疑人匆忙跑出大楼。 探索新知 11 · It was reported that he moved to Hong Kong with his family. 据报道他和家人搬到香港去了。 · It is reported that a new library will open next month. 据报道，新图书馆将于下月开放。 · Our teacher asked us to give a report on wild animals next week. 老师让我们下周作有关野生动物的报告。 · He is a reporter of a local newspaper. 他是当地一家报纸的记者。 探索新知 11 report 的一词多义： (1) v. 报告；报道。常见用法：report (sb./sth.) doing sth. 报告(某人/ 某物)做过某事；report (that)/wh- 从句 报告……；it is reported that... 据报道……。 (2) [C]n. 报告；报道；成绩报告单。常见用法：give/make a report on... 作有关……的报告；a weather report 天气预报。 相关词形：reporter n. 记者；通讯员 探索新知 11 8 nearly /'nɪəli/ adv. 几乎；差不多；将近(教材P43) · I nearly finished this project. 我差不多完成了这个项目。 · The game is nearly/almost over. 比赛快结束了。 · There are nearly 30 students in the club. 社团里有将近 30 名学生。 · The task is not nearly done. 任务远未完成。 · Almost every student likes the activity. 几乎每个学生都喜欢这个活动。 · Almost nothing was left. 几乎什么都没剩下。 探索新知 11 辨析：nearly 与almost 相同点 不同点 nearly 均表示“几 乎；差不 多”，强调接近某一程度或数量，在肯定句中可以互换。 (1)可直接接具体数字；(2)不与no/none/nothing/never 等否定词连用； (3)可用于“not nearly”表示“远非; 差得多”。 almost (1)一般不接具体数字，需用“almost all/every+ 名词”或“almost+ 抽象量”； (2)可与 no/none/nothing/never 等否定词连用；(3)可接完成时强调“差点发生”； (4)可修饰“any+ 名词”。 探索新知 11 9 trouble /'trʌbl/ n. 苦恼；困难v. 使忧虑、苦恼；劳驾；麻烦(教材P43) · She has trouble (in) understanding the math problem. 她理解这道数学题有困难。 · Don’t copy others’ answers, or you will get yourself into trouble. 别抄别人的答案，否则你会让自己陷入麻烦。 探索新知 11 · My mum always takes the trouble to cook delicious meals for our family. 我妈妈总是不辞辛劳地为我们全家做美味的饭菜。 · I don’t want to trouble the doctor with such a small problem. 我不想为了这个小毛病麻烦医生。 · The biggest problem is how to get there on time. 最大的问题是如何准时到那里。 探索新知 11 trouble 的一词多义： (1)n. 麻烦；困难；苦恼；毛病，疾病 (2) vt. 使烦恼；麻烦；打扰。常见用法：trouble sb. (to do sth.) 麻烦某人(做某事)；trouble sb. with sth. 用某事麻烦某人。 作名词时的常见用法： (1)have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 (2) have trouble with sth./sb. 做某事有困难/ 与某人有矛盾 (3)get sb. in/into trouble 使某人陷入麻烦/ 困境 (4) take the trouble to do sth. 不辞辛劳地做某事；费力做某事 (5)be in trouble 处于困境中；有麻烦 探索新知 11 辨析：trouble 与problem trouble 指“麻烦；困难；烦恼”，强调因困境产生的困扰或不便，常与“have/get into”搭配。 problem 指“问题；难题”，强调需要解决的具体事情或疑问，常与“solve/work out”搭配。 探索新知 11 10 relative /'relətɪv/ n. 亲戚；亲属(教材P44) · Most of my relatives live in Beijing. 我的大多数亲戚住在北京。 · I hardly know my distant relatives. 我几乎不认识我的远亲。 · This city is small relative to Beijing in size. 这座城市在规模上比北京小。 探索新知 11 relative 的一词多义： (1) [C]n. 亲戚；亲属。常见用法：a close relative 近亲；distant relatives 远亲 (2) adj. 相关的；相对的；比较的。常见用法：relative to... 相对于……；与……相比 探索新知 11 11 preparation /prepə'reɪʃn/ n. 准备(工作)；预备(教材P44) · Preparation is important before taking a trip. 旅行前的准备很重要。 · They are making preparations for the winter camp. 他们在为冬令营做准备。 ·The new book is in preparation. 新书正在筹备中。 · Her preparation for the speech took three days. 她为演讲准备了三天。 探索新知 11 · Mum prepared dinner for the family before we got home. 妈妈在我们回家前为家人准备了晚餐。 · Are you prepared for the coming final exam? 你为即将到来的期末考试做好准备了吗？ 探索新知 11 preparation n. 准备(工作)；预备。由prepare(v.准备)去e，加 -ation(名词后缀)构成。指具体的“准备工作或事项”时常用复数。 常见用法： (1)make preparations for... 为……做准备 (2)in preparation 在准备中 (3)preparation for sth. 某事的准备 (4)without preparation 毫无准备地 探索新知 11 相关词形： (1)prepare v.(作)准备。常见用法：prepare (sb./sth.) for sb./sth. 为某人/ 某事准备(某人/ 某物)；prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 (2)prepared adj. 准备好的 探索新知 11 12 power /'paʊə(r)/ n. 电力供应；能量；力量(教材P45) · The city lost power after the storm. 暴风雨后城市停电了。 · She has the power to solve the problem. 她有能力解决这个问题。 · The new party has been in power for two years. 新政党已执政两年。 power 的一词多义： (1)电力；能量(常指电能、动力) (2)力量；能力(可指人或物的能力) (3)权力；权势(指人或机构的控制权) 探索新知 11 常见用法： (1)electric power 电力 (2)power station 发电站 (3)have the power to do sth. 有能力做某事 (4)out of one’s power 力所不能及 (5)in power 执政；掌权 探索新知 11 13 thick /θɪk/ adj. 厚的；浓密的(教材P45) · This book is very thick. 这本书很厚。 · The ice is too thin to skate on. 冰太薄了，不能在上面滑冰。 · The soup is too thick. 汤太稠了。 · We walked through a thick forest. 我们步行穿过一片茂密的森林。 · She spread butter thickly on the bread. 她在面包上涂了厚厚的一层黄油。 · The thickness of the ice is only 1 centimeter. 冰的厚度只有一厘米。 探索新知 11 thick 的一词多义： (1)厚的；粗的。 (2)浓的；稠的(指液体或气体浓度高)。 (3)茂密的；密集的(指物体分布紧密)。 (4)反义词为thin adj. 薄的；细的；稀的。 相关词形：(1)thickly adv. 浓密地；厚厚地 (2)thickness n. 厚度 探索新知 11 14 beat /biːt/ v. (beat, beaten/'biːtn/) 敲；打(教材P45) · The rainstorm beat against the windows hard. 暴风雨猛烈地敲打着窗户。 · Don’t beat the kid on the head. 不要敲打孩子的头部。 · His heart beat fast when he saw the new teacher. 当他看到新老师的时候他的心跳加速。 · Class 1 beat Class 2 in the soccer game. 足球比赛中一班打败了二班。 探索新知 11 · He won the chess match last week. 上周他赢得了国际象棋比赛。 beat 作动词，主要有以下几种意思： (1) 指雨、风沙等敲打门、窗户等，或者用手敲打身体的某个部位； (2)指心脏等有规律地作响或跳动； (3)指在比赛中打败某人取得胜利。 探索新知 11 辨析：beat 与win beat 为“打败”，其宾语通常是人、团队或对手等具体名词。 win 意为“赢得”，其宾语通常是比赛、奖品、名次等抽象名词。 探索新知 11 15 hide /haɪd/ v. (hid/hɪd/, hidden/'hɪdn/)躲藏，隐蔽(教材P45) · I hide my candy under the pillow. 我把糖果藏在枕头下面。 · The cat hides away in the corner. 猫躲在角落里。 · The children hide behind the tree to surprise their mum. 孩子们躲在树后想给他们的妈妈一个惊喜。 · The kids hide from the sun under the tree. 孩子们躲在树下躲避阳光。 探索新知 11 · We play hide-and-seek in the park. 我们在公园里玩捉迷藏。 · She hides her face when she cries. 她哭的时候捂住了脸。 · I shouldn’t hide my bad grades from my parents. 我不应该向父母隐瞒我的糟糕成绩。 探索新知 11 hide 既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，意为“躲避，藏；遮挡；隐瞒”。 常见用法： (1)hide away 隐藏起来 (2)hide behind 躲在……后面 (3)hide from 躲避…… (4)hide in 藏在……里 (5)hide-and-seek 捉迷藏 (6)hide one’s face 捂脸；因羞愧或尴尬而躲避，不愿意见人 (7)hide something from someone 对某人隐瞒某事 探索新知 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section A 探究二 核心短语 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 11 do chores 做家务（教材P42） · My parents always do chores together after dinner. 我父母总是在晚饭后一起做家务。 · I need to do housework before my parents come back. 我父母回来之前我得做家务。 do chores 做家务；其同义短语为 do housework，但do chores 更口语化，do housework 相对更正式一些。 探索新知 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section A 探究三 核心句式 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 11 There are very strong winds and heavy rain during a typhoon. 台风期间有强风和大雨。（教材P43） 分析结构:“There be + 名词 + 地点状语”是一个表示存在的固定结构，There be 表示“有”，其中 be 动词的形式根据后面的名词单复数决定，遵循就近原则，这里strong winds 是复数，所以用 are。 探索新知 11 · There is a pen and two books on the desk. 桌子上有一支钢笔和两本书。 · There are two books and a pen on the desk. 桌子上有两本书和一支钢笔。 · There might be a party tonight. 今晚可能有个聚会。 There be 句型遵循就近原则，即 be 动词的形式由离它最近的名词的单复数决定。 There be 句型可以与情态动词连用，表示推测。 探索新知 11 $ 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section A 自主学习 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 11 1a Match the natural disasters with the pictures. _____ earthquake _____ typhoon _____ wildfire _____ snowstorm _____ flood _____ drought B F A C E D 自主学习 11 1b Listen to three conversations. What natural disasters did the people face? 1. __________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________ flood earthquake snowstorm 自主学习 11 1c Listen again. Circle what each person was doing when the natural disaster happened. 1. Xinyi was warning a neighbour/having dinner. 2. Kate was doing homework/calling her mother. 3. Jiaming was doing chores/preparing lunch. 4. Liu Yun was staying in a hotel/taking a train. 自主学习 11 1d Ask and answer questions about the people in the conversations. A: What was Xinyi doing at the time of ...? B: She was ... 自主学习 11 2a Read the statements about typhoons. Write T for true or F for false. ( )1. There are very strong winds and heavy rain during a typhoon. ( ) 2. Sometimes there are tall waves and the areas near the coast get flooded. ( ) 3. In the eye of a typhoon, the weather can be very calm. ( ) 4. Typhoons cause tsunamis to happen in some places. T T T F 自主学习 11 2b Listen to the interviews and the weather report. Answer the questions. 1. When did the interviews take place? After the typhoon hit. 发生（尤指有计划的事件） 自主学习 11 2. Where did the interviews possibly take place? Possibly in the neighbourhood affected by the typhoon. 自主学习 11 3. Who are the speakers in the interviews and the weather report? In the interviews: a reporter and some residents (a boy, a girl, and a man). In the weather report: a reporter. 自主学习 11 4. What are the topics of the interviews and the weather report? The interviews are about how the typhoon affected people. The weather report is about the typhoon’s movement and related warnings. 自主学习 11 2c Listen again and complete the sentences. Interview 1 1. When the typhoon hit, the boy’s family were _______________ at home. 2. After the typhoon, they helped to __________ the neighbourhood. Interview 2 3. The girl’s grandparents were ___________________ at home when she called. having dinner n. 街区；临近的地方 →neighbour n. 邻居；临近的人/物 clean up playing chess 自主学习 11 Interview 3 4. The man’s children were ________ at the time of the typhoon. 5. A __________ in the man’s house broke, and the roof nearly ______________. Weather report 6. The reporter advised people to be careful, pay attention to the _______________________, and ________________. reading window came off weather reports stay inside 自主学习 11 2d Role-play a conversation between the reporter and another person who experienced the typhoon. A: Excuse me. Did you have any trouble during the typhoon? B: Yes, it was awful. I .../No, not really. When the typhoon hit, … 自主学习 11 3a Read the conversation. Whose family was better prepared for the typhoon? Haitao: Hi, Lisa. Did your family have any trouble during the typhoon? Lisa: Yes, it was awful. Haitao: I’m sorry to hear that. Did you know that a typhoon was coming? Haitao’s family was better prepared for the typhoon. be better prepared for... 为……准备更充分 自主学习 11 Lisa: No, we didn’t know about it. We were driving home from our relatives’ house when the strong winds started. Haitao: Oh no! It’s dangerous to travel during a typhoon. Lisa: I know. It was raining hard while we were driving back. We almost got into an accident when a truck nearly hit us. Haitao: Oh dear, I’m glad you were safe! 自主学习 11 Lisa: Yes, but when we got home later, we found water everywhere. The house looked awful! Was yours OK? Haitao: Yes. Luckily, we covered our windows and moved our things off the floor before the typhoon started. We stored food and water too. Lisa: That’s good! We’ll do that next time. move...off...把……从……移开 自主学习 11 思考：What preparations can we make before a typhoon arrives? First, secure the house—use boards or tape on windows and clear outdoor items like flower pots. Next, stock up on supplies, such as canned food, clean water, flashlights, batteries and first-aid kits. Then, plan evacuation routes. Know about safe shelters and talk with family about escaping. Finally, check typhoon warnings via TV, radio or apps to learn about its path and intensity.（答案不唯一） 自主学习 11 3b Read again. Who experienced or did these things? Tick the correct boxes. Experience Lisa Haitao 1. almost got into an accident while they were driving home 2. moved things off the floor before the typhoon 3. went home and found water everywhere 4. stored emergency supplies at home before the typhoon 5. stayed inside during the typhoon √ √ √ √ √ 自主学习 11 3c Listen to the conversation. Then role-play it. 3d Imagine that Lisa or Haitao is your friend. Role-play a conversation about your friend’s experience with the typhoon. A: Hi Lisa / Haitao. I heard about the typhoon yesterday. Are you OK? B: Yes, I ... / Not really. I… A: What were you doing when the typhoon hit? B: I was ... A: Did your family make any preparations before the typhoon landed? B: Yes, we ... / No, we ... 自主学习 11 4a Read the sentences. Underline the verbs which show an ongoing action in the past. What were you doing while it was snowing heavily? was travelling on the train then. What were your family doing when the typhoon hit? My children and I were reading together. 自主学习 11 When my neighbour called, my family were having dinner. We were driving home when the strong winds started. While we were driving home, the strong winds started. It was raining hard while we were driving back. 自主学习 11 4b Combine each pair of sentences using when or while . 1. I did my homework. The typhoon landed on the coast. I was doing my homework when the typhoon landed on the coast. 自主学习 11 2. The power went out. My father and I made dinner. go out ①熄灭；②外出交际；③发布 The power went out while my father and I were making dinner. 自主学习 11 3. Kate wrote a letter. Her brother called to warn her of the storm. Kate was writing a letter when her brother called to warn her of the storm. 自主学习 11 4. My parents packed the supplies. I moved our things off the floor. While my parents were packing the supplies, I was moving our things off the floor. 自主学习 11 5. I slept soundly. It rained cats and dogs. I was sleeping soundly when it rained cats and dogs. 自主学习 11 4c Complete the passage with was , were , when , or while . When Jenny looked up, thick black clouds were forming in the sky, and the rain _______ beating against their roof. “Quick, this way,” said Dad. The family ran to the safe room at once. _______ they were waiting, Jenny’s little sister started to cry. Dad gave her some chocolate and told her that they _______ hiding from an angry lion. Soon, she was laughing again. was While were 自主学习 11 At last, the storm passed. _______ they stepped outside, they found the sun shining. People were asking one another if they were safe while some _______ starting to clear the streets. Jenny smiled. The tornado was scary, but it also brought everyone closer together. When were 自主学习 11 4d Imagine that you are a reporter. Interview a member of Jenny’s family and find out what he or she was doing around the time of the tornado. A: What were you doing when the tornado hit? B: My family and I were hiding in a safe room. A: What were you doing while you were waiting there? B: Oh, while I … 自主学习 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section B 自主学习 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 11 1a What is the worst natural disaster you know of? Discuss it with a partner. An earthquake. It often strikes suddenly, bringing down buildings and bringing great damage and loss of life.（答案不唯一） 自主学习 11 1b Read the first paragraph of the text. What do you think happened to Tilly Smith and her family next? Then read the rest of the text to check your answer. Tilly might realize it was a tsunami sign, and she might warn her family and others to escape.（答案不唯一） 自主学习 11 How One Girl Saved Many Lives On 26 December 2004, Tilly Smith, a 10-year-old English schoolgirl, and her family were on holiday in Phuket, Thailand. Everyone was enjoying the beautiful weather that morning. Some people were swimming in the sea, and some were relaxing on the beach. But while Tilly was walking along the beach with her family, she noticed something strange. Thick white froth was forming on top of the waves. Next, she saw that the waves were coming in instead of going out. 自主学习 11 Just then, she remembered something important. Two weeks before, her geography teacher had explained that earthquakes under the sea could create dangerous waves called tsunamis! 长难句分析：这是一个复合句，由时间状语Two weeks before 引出，主句为her geography teacher had explained，后接that 引导的宾语从句earthquakes...called tsunamis。从句中under the sea 作定语修饰earthquakes，called tsunamis 为过去分词短语作定语修饰waves。 自主学习 11 “I know what’s going to happen! There’s going to be a big wave,” Tilly cried. Unfortunately, her family didn't believe her and wanted to continue their walk. However, Tilly refused to take a single step further. Finally, her mother decided to continue the walk alone, and the rest of her family returned to the hotel. 自主学习 11 Back at the hotel, Tilly's father told a security guard about the tsunami. The security guard was shocked. He knew about the huge earthquake in nearby Indonesia. It meant that a tsunami was possible! He jumped into action right away and rushed to get people off the beach. Everyone began to panic. adj. 附近的（常作定语） adv. 在附近 jump into action 迅速投入行动；立即行动起来 自主学习 11 People were screaming and running as fast as they could when they saw a huge wall of water coming from the sea. 长难句分析：这是一个复合句。主句是People were...they could”，其中as fast as they could 是方式状语从句，修饰动词running。when they... from the sea 是时间状语从句。 自主学习 11 Tilly was right! Her mother was one of the last people on the beach, but thankfully, her family made it to safety just as the water hit the hotel. The 2004 tsunami caused over 200,000 deaths, but no one on the beach died that day. This true story shows how a single lesson could mean the difference between life and death. Thanks to her knowledge and quick thinking, one schoolgirl was able to save over 100 lives. adv. 幸亏；感激地→ thank vt. 感谢 → thankful adj. 感激的 作不可数名词“思考；想法”→ think v. 认为；思考 自主学习 11 Which is the correct order of what happened in the story? ________ a. Tilly’s father told a security guard about the tsunami. b. Tilly noticed strange waves and froth on the beach. c. The security guard rushed to evacuate people from the beach. d. Tilly remembered her geography lesson about tsunamis. e. Tilly’s family returned to the hotel, and her mother continued the walk alone. A. b-d-e-a-c B. d-b-a-e-c C. b-a-d-c-e D. d-c-b-e-a A 自主学习 11 1c Read the text again and complete the timeline. Understanding the order of events Identifying the beginning, middle, and end of a story can help you understand the story better. Look out for words and phrases that tell you when something happens, such as next, then, finally, when, while, and two weeks before. 自主学习 11 While walking on the beach, Tilly noticed strange waves and froth. Tilly told her family there would be a big wave (tsunami), but they didn’t believe her at first. Tilly’s father told a security guard about the tsunami at the hotel. People on the beach panicked and ran away as the tsunami approached. 自主学习 11 1d Read again. Circle T for true or F for false. Then correct the false statements. 1. Tilly found that the waves were moving away from the beach. T F 2. Tilly remembered what she read about in her geography book. T F 3. Tilly’s father believed her as soon as she told her family about the strong waves. T F 4. The security guard learnt about the tsunami from Tilly’s father. T F 5. Tilly’s mother did not reach the hotel before the tsunami did. T F 自主学习 11 1e Discuss the questions. 1. Do you think Tilly Smith was a hero? Why? Yes. Because she used her geography knowledge to recognize the tsunami danger, warned others, and saved over 100 lives. Her quick thinking and courage in a crisis make her a hero. 自主学习 11 2. From Tilly’s experience, what do you think people need to know to survive a natural disaster? People should learn basic natural disaster knowledge (like tsunami signs), stay calm to spot warnings, and know how to spread alerts. These tips help recognize dangers early and take action. 自主学习 11 3. What did you learn at school that might help to save your life one day? At school, first-aid skills (helping injured people), fire evacuation routes (escaping fires) and earthquake safety rules (finding safe spots) can help save lives in emergencies. 自主学习 11 2a Some words for natural disasters go together with certain verbs. Use these collocations to make sentences. earthquake: hit/rocked/happened/ took place An earthquake hit Japan yesterday. typhoon: hit/landed/blew across A typhoon landed at 9 o'clock last night. tsunami: hit/came/swept through The tsunami swept through the village. 自主学习 11 A strong earthquake happened in this area last year. A typhoon blew across the island, uprooting many trees. The tsunami came without warning, flooding the seaside villages. 自主学习 11 2b Look at the compound words in the box. Do you know what they mean? Complete the sentences using five of these words. landslide snowstorm earthquake safeguard floodwater manpower wildfire heartbeat land (n. 土地)+slide（n. 滑动） =landslide（n. 滑坡） 自主学习 11 1. The rescue workers need more _____________ to clear the streets. 2. The city built walls along the coast to _____________ the buildings near it. 3. The doctor listened to the man’s _____________ carefully. 4. During the storm, the __________ nearly reached our windows. 5. People should avoid driving during a __________ because it can be very difficult to see clearly on the roads. manpower safeguard heartbeat floodwater snowstorm 自主学习 11 2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. refuse drought warn hit safe wildfire 自主学习 11 In August 2022, China experienced a great heatwave, the worst since 1961. It caused _________ in different parts of the country. The heatwave _________ the southwestern city of Chongqing very hard. Large _________ swept through the forests and mountains there. Over 5,000 firefighters, police, and volunteers all worked together to keep the people and their homes safe. refuse drought warn hit safe wildfire droughts hit wildfires 自主学习 11 They put out the fires, brought more than 1,500 people to _________, and _____________ others to stay away from dangerous areas. It was very hard to fight the fires because of the high temperatures and changeable winds, but the rescue workers ___________ to give up. By the end of August, they managed to put out all the fires. refuse drought warn hit safe wildfire safety warned refused 自主学习 11 3a Read about Ma Li’s day. List the events of the day in the order they happened. Last Friday started terribly. First, my alarm clock didn’t go off, so I woke up late and had to rush to the bus stop. n. [C]警报器，alarm clock 闹钟 自主学习 11 I had a test that morning, so I was reviewing my notes while I was waiting for my bus. All of a sudden, thunder rolled across the sky. Then it started to pour. The wind was too strong for me to use my umbrella! n. 雷；雷声 v. 打雷 thunder and lightning雷电 自主学习 11 By the time the bus came, I was cold and wet. I was still worrying about the test when the bus driver said that we would be late. There was a landslide along our usual road. When I finally reached my classroom, out of breath, my teacher was already waiting at the door. Many others were also late because of the rainstorm. As a result, she said we weren’t having a test after all! What luck on my unlucky day! 自主学习 11 1. Ma Li woke up late. 2. She ran to the bus stop. 3. … 自主学习 11 3. She was reviewing notes while waiting for the bus. 4. Thunder rolled across the sky and then it started to pour with strong winds. 5. By the time the bus came, she was cold and wet. 6. The bus driver said they would be late because of a landslide on the usual road. 7. She finally reached the classroom out of breath, and the teacher was waiting at the door. 8. The teacher said they weren’t having a test because many were late due to the rainstorm.（答案不唯一） 自主学习 11 3b Read again. Underline the words and phrases that indicate the times of the events or connect them together. Underline: Last Friday; First; so; that morning; so; while; All of a sudden; Then; By the time; when; When; As a result 自主学习 11 3c Imagine you had a bad day because of bad weather. Discuss the events of your day with a partner. The words in the box may help you. stormy freezing heavy snow rainy caused heavy traffic had to walk slowly too dark to see caught a cold 自主学习 11 1. What kind of bad weather was it? How would you describe it? 2. What were you doing when the bad weather started? 3. What did you see, hear, do, or feel during the bad weather? 4. What happened or went wrong because of the bad weather? 自主学习 11 3d Write a story about your day. Use 3a as an example. Last Friday, I had a really bad day. While I was having breakfast with my younger sister, the sky was growing darker and darker. I heard thunder and saw lightning. When I left the house, … 自主学习 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. 单元语法 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 11 仔细观察下列句子，用横线画出句中的过去进行时结构 1. I was watching TV when the phone rang. 2. She was drawing a picture at 3 o’clock yesterday. 3. My mum was cooking dinner while I was doing my homework. 4. The children were playing in the park all morning. 5. It was raining, and the birds were singing in the trees. 6. We were lying on the beach when it started to rain. 自主学习 11 过去进行时主要用来表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 过去进行时 探索新知 11 考点1 句式及基本结构 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+ was/were + 现在分词. She was reading a book at 8 pm yesterday. 昨天晚上 8 点她正在读书。 否定句 主语+ was/were + not +现在分词. They weren’t playing football when it rained. 下雨时他们没在踢足球。 探索新知 11 句型 结构 例句 一般疑问句 Was/Were +主语+现在分词+其他？ Were you doing homework at that time? 那时你在做作业吗？ 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+ was/were +主语+现在分词+其他？ What was he drawing when the teacher came in? 老师进来时他在画什么？ 探索新知 11 考点2 现在分词的变化规律 口诀 情况 变化规则 例词 直 一般情况 直接加-ing play → playing 去 以不发音字母e结尾 去e加-ing have → having 双 重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写词尾辅音字母再加-ing run → running 改 以ie结尾 改ie为y再加-ing lie → lying die → dying 探索新知 11 考点3 基本用法 1. 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，此时句中往往有表示过去时间的时间状语，或者与when、while、as引导的表示过去的时间状语从句连用。有时没有时间状语，需要根据语境体会。 ·I was writing a letter when you phoned.你打来电话时我正在写信。 探索新知 11 2. 表示一个过去的动作发生时，另一个过去的动作正在进行。也可用来表示过去一段时间内持续发生的动作。 · I was watering the flowers when suddenly it began to rain. 我正在给花浇水，突然开始下雨了。 · We were expecting you yesterday. 我们昨天一直在等你。 探索新知 11 3. 表示两个过去的动作同时进行，这时可用 while 连接。 · George was reading while his wife was listening to the radio. 乔治在读书，他的妻子在听广播。 4. 表达褒贬等感情色彩：与always、constantly、forever等连用，表示说话人的主观感情，如赞扬、不满、厌烦等。 · He was forever complaining about something. 他老是怨这怨那。 探索新知 11 考点4 时间标志词 1. 过去某一具体时刻正在进行的动作：at +过去时间点、at that moment、at the time (of ...)、just then。 · The phone rang at that moment, and I was doing my homework. 那时电话响了，我正在做作业。 · At the time of the accident, they were talking in the car. 事故发生时，他们正在车里交谈。 · Just then, he was running to catch the bus. 就在那时，他正跑着去赶公交车。 探索新知 11 2. 过去某一时间段内持续进行的动作：from ... to ...(过去)、all + 过去时间段、the whole +过去时间段、during + 过去时间段。 · They were planting trees from 8 am to 11 am last Saturday. 上周六上午8 点到11 点他们在植树。 · She was sleeping all morning last Sunday. 上周日整个上午，她都在睡觉。 探索新知 11 记忆口诀 过去进行时 过去进行最好记，was/were 后加v.-ing； 特定时间有暗示，过去某刻某时段； 肯定主语位句首，一般问句be 提前； 否定句式更简单，be 后仅把not 添。 探索新知 11 考点5 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 过去 进行时 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。可表示动作的未完成性。 e.g. They were planting trees yesterday. 昨天他们一直在植树。(强调昨天一天一直在植树，动作不一定结束) 一般 过去时 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。强调动作已经结束。 e.g. They planted trees yesterday. 昨天他们植树了。(强调昨天植了树，动作结束) 探索新知 11 拓展：when 和while 的用法 用法 例句 when 表示主句动作发生的特定时间，既可指时间点，也可指时间段。从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。 Call me when you get home. 你到家时给我打电话。 探索新知 11 用法 例句 when 从句的动作和主句的动作既可同时发生，也可先后发生。 When he arrived at the cinema, the film was over. 当他到达电影院的时候，电影结束了。 当主句为将来时或表示将来的意义时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来，即遵循“主将从现”原则。 I will be a teacher when I grow up. 当我长大，我将会成为一名教师。 探索新知 11 用法 例句 while while 指时间段，其引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。 While I was waiting for the bus, I met my friend. 当我正在等公交车时，我遇到了我的朋友。 强调主句动作发生时，从句动作正在进行，此时从句用进行时。 It began to snow while we were having dinner. 当我们在吃晚饭时，天开始下雪。 强调主从句动作同时进行时，主从句通常都用进行时。 While my mother was cooking dinner, my father was sweeping the floor.当我妈妈在做晚饭时，我爸爸在扫地。 探索新知 11 一 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. Tom and his parents _______________ (have) supper when the phone rang. 2. I am sorry I didn’t answer your phone because I ____________ (play) the piano at that time. were having was playing 对点突破 11 3. [北京丰台区期中] — I saw your light still on at 11:30 last night. — Oh, I _____________(read) an exciting book at that time. I lost myself in the story. 4. —Why didn’t you pick up my phone at seven o’clock last night? —I ______________(do) the dishes in the kitchen at that time so I didn’t hear it. 5. While we _________________(sing) an English song, some visitors came to our class. was reading was doing were singing 对点突破 11 二 单项选择 6. —Hi, Ethan. I called you at 8:00 last night, but you didn’t answer. —Sorry, I ______ the dishes. A. wash B. washed C. am washing D. was washing D 对点突破 11 7. —Helen, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon. —Oh, I ______ singing for the graduation ceremony at that time. A. will practice B. have practiced C. am practicing D. was practicing 8. [福建中考] When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he ______ an old man cross the road. A. helps B. was helping C. will help D B 对点突破 11 9. While we ______ an English song, some visitors came into our classroom. A. were singing B. sang C. are singing D. singing 10. [江苏无锡中考] Hey, John! What’s up? I ______ a shower when you called. A. had taken B. have taken C. was taking D. am taking A C 对点突破 11 三 按要求完成句子 11. He was watching TV.(改为否定句) He ___________ ____________ TV. 12. They were playing basketball.(改为一般疑问句) ________ ________ playing basketball? 13. She was doing her homework.(对画线部分提问) ________ was she _________? wasn’t watching Were they What doing 对点突破 11 14. The students were reading books.(改为单数句) The __________ ________ reading a book. 15. I was writing a letter at 9:00 p.m. (改为一般疑问句) __________ you ________ a letter at 9:00 p.m.? student was Were writing 对点突破 11 四 短文填空(语篇练语法) It was Sunday morning. My family 16. _______ (be) busy. My father 17. _____________ (work) in the study. He often works on weekends. My mother 18. ______________ (cook) lunch in the kitchen. She 19. _____________ (make) fish and rice. My sister and I 20. _______________(play) games in the living room. Our dog, Lucky, 21. _______________ (sleep) on the sofa. He looked very relaxed. were was working was cooking was making were playing was sleeping 对点突破 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. 单元写作 写“自然灾害”相关文章 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 11 写作维度 本单元的写作项目是“自然灾害及其影响”，要求描述一个自己经历过或听说过的自然灾害。内容包括：(1)描述一场自然灾害；(2)不同自然灾害的防范措施；(3)讲述自然灾害中的英雄事迹。 单元写作 11 写作支架/ 模板 写“自然灾害”相关文章 引入话题 详细讲述 总结概括 单元写作 11 黄金语料(从教材内外积累好句) 开头段 ① Every year many people get hurt or even die/ lose their lives in... ② Many ... happen in different areas every year. ③ If ... happens suddenly when ... , you must do the following things. ④ Knowing some ways ... will help to keep us safe in the... 单元写作 11 中间段 ① It’s necessary/important for us to know how to stay safe in a... ② Everyone should learn what to do if ... happens. ③ As we all know, it can be very dangerous when ... happens. ④ Try your best to call 119 as soon as possible. ⑤ At that time, ... was/were ... ⑥ It’s normal to feel afraid when a disaster comes. But remember that the most important thing is to stay calm. 单元写作 11 结尾段 ① I’ll always remember that day. ② Life is full of ups and downs. We should face the difficulties bravely. ③ All in all, I hope everyone can master some survival skills and keep safe in ... 单元写作 11 经典例题(从经典例题中学会审题) 这座城市在遭台风(typhoon)袭击后，发生了严重的水灾。Mr Lin在水灾中被困于车中，三小时后得救。请你根据下面的图示和提示，完成下面的报道。 审人称：第三人称 审时态：一般过去时 审体裁：记叙文 单元写作 11 storm, at 3 pm trapped, at 3:30 pm soldiers, at 6:30 pm cold, hospital 审要点： 遭台风袭击、 带来了严重的水灾、Mr Lin被困于车中，三小时后得救。 单元写作 11 精彩范文展示 There was a flood after the typhoon hit. Many people were trapped in water. Mr Lin was one of them. ① Her mother was one of the last people on the beach...(教材P47) 单元写作 11 The storm suddenly hit the city at 3 pm. At that time, Mr Lin was driving home. And half an hour later, his car was trapped in water. Water got into his car. He couldn’t get out and was in danger. Luckily, soldiers were searching for people trapped in water and they found Mr Lin three hours later. Mr Lin felt very cold and the soldiers sent him to hospital. ②Some people were swimming in the sea... (教材P46) 单元写作 11 Mr Lin said that he would always remember that day. He felt so lucky to meet the soldiers and remembered them. 单元写作 11 【亮点词块】 one of them他们当中的一个 at that time在那时 half an hour later半小时后 in danger处于危险之中 单元写作 11 【高分句子】 Many people were trapped in water. (一般过去时的被动语态) 许多人被困在水中。 Mr Lin felt very cold and the soldiers sent him to hospital. (and连接的并列句) 林先生觉得很冷，士兵们把他送到了医院。 单元写作 11 实战演练 假定你是学生李华，你所在的城市于昨天晚上发生了地震。请你以“A Big Earthquake”为题给英语周报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括： 受灾情况： 1. 损失严重，房屋被毁；2. 死伤4, 000 多人，8, 000 人无家可归，许多人失踪；3. 水、电等设施被毁坏。 急缺物资： 淡水、食物、药品 赈灾措施： 1. 军人帮助挖掘，寻找幸存者；2. 号召志愿者支援灾区，积极捐钱和献血。 单元写作 11 注意：1. 词数80~100，短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Big Earthquake Last night a big earthquake hit my city. ______________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 单元写作 11 范文参考 A Big Earthquake Last night a big earthquake hit my city. The earthquake caused much damage to my city and many tall buildings were badly destroyed. Over 4, 000 people were killed or injured in the disaster and 8, 000 people lost their homes. Even many more people were still missing. 单元写作 11 The electricity and water supply in my city were also destroyed. The people now are in great need of fresh water, food and medicine. Luckily, the soldiers have been sent to my city to help to dig for the survivors. I call on more volunteers to come to the disaster area to give a hand. I hope that more and more people can donate money and blood to victims. 单元写作 11 $ 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section B 探究一 核心单词 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 11 1 worst /wɜːst/ adj.&adv. 最坏(的)；最糟(的)(教材P46) · The worst food at the party was the salad. 派对上最糟糕的食物是沙拉。 · I danced worst at the school party last night. 我昨晚在学校派对上跳得最差。 · Don’t argue with him; it will only make things worse. 别和他争论，这只会让事情更糟。 探索新知 11 · He missed the bus and got wet in the rain, and worst of all, he left his wallet at home. 他没赶上公交车，被雨淋了，最糟糕的是把钱包忘在家里了。 · I am the worst at organizing my room — it’s always a mess. 我最不擅长整理房间，它总是一团乱。 探索新知 11 worst 的用法总结： (1)adj. 最坏的；最差的；最糟糕的。是bad 的最高级。 (2)adv. 最坏地；最差地；最糟糕地。是badly 的最高级。 (3)n. 最坏的事。与the 连用。 探索新知 11 相关词形： (1)worse adj.&adv. 更坏；更糟。是bad 和 badly 的比较级形式。 (2)worst 的反义词是best；worse 的反义词是better。 常见用法： (1) worst of all 最糟糕的是(相关短语 what’s worse 更糟糕的是) (2)be the worst at (doing) sth. 在某方面最差 探索新知 11 2 refuse /rɪ'fjuːz/ v. 拒绝；退却(教材P46) · When my mum wants me to go to the dentist, I always refuse. 当我妈妈想让我去看牙医时，我总是拒绝。 · She refuses others’ help. 她拒绝其他人的帮助。 · My sister refuses to eat vegetables, so she always gets sick. 我妹妹拒绝吃蔬菜，所以她总是生病。 探索新知 11 refuse 既可作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词，意为“拒绝，回绝；退却”。 常见用法： (1)refuse sb./sth. 拒绝某人/ 某物 (2)refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 探索新知 11 3 guard /ɡɑːd/ n. 卫兵；保卫 v. 保卫(教材P46) · A guard stood at the entrance of the palace. 一名卫兵站在宫殿的入口处。 · She guarded the house while her parents were away. 父母不在家时，她负责看守房子。 · We should guard against catching a cold in winter. 冬天我们应该防止感冒。 · The valuable painting was guarded closely in the museum. 这幅珍贵的画在博物馆里受到严密的保护。 探索新知 11 guard 的一词多义： (1) 作可数名词，意为“卫兵；警卫员；看守”。作不可数名词，意为“警戒；保卫；保护”。 (2)作及物动词，意为“保卫；守卫；看守”。 常见搭配：(1)security guard 保安人员 (2)prison guard 狱警 (3)guard against 提防；防止；防范 (4) guard sth. closely/carefully 严密地/ 仔细地保护/ 看守某物 探索新知 11 4 knowledge /'nɒlɪdʒ/ n. 知识；学问(教材P47) · Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。［谚语］ · She has a good knowledge of history. 她对历史很了解。 · Students acquire knowledge through reading and listening. 学生通过阅读和听讲获取知识。 · He has a vast knowledge of history. 他拥有丰富的历史知识。 探索新知 11 · To be a good doctor, you need to have extensive medical knowledge. 要成为一名好医生，你需要拥有广泛的医学知识。 knowledge 作名词，常见词义： (1)知识；学识；学问 (2)了解；知晓；知悉 探索新知 11 常见搭配： (1)acquire/gain knowledge 获得知识 (2)expand/enrich one’s knowledge 扩展/ 丰富某人的知识 (3)have knowledge of 了解；知晓(当knowledge 被形容词修饰时，前面需加不定冠词) (4)basic/common knowledge 基础知识/ 常识 (5)scientific/medical knowledge 科学/ 医学知识 探索新知 11 5 hero /'hɪərəʊ/ n. (pl. heroes) 英雄；男主角；偶像(教材P47) · These heroes wear colourful costumes and fight bad guys. 这些英雄穿着五颜六色的衣服，和坏人战斗。 · The hero of the movie saves the world in the end. 这部电影的男主角最终拯救了世界。 · My mum bought some fresh tomatoes at the market. 我妈妈在市场上买了一些新鲜的西红柿。 · Zheng Chenggong is a famous national hero. 郑成功是著名的民族英雄。 探索新知 11 hero 作可数名词，意为“英雄；豪杰(指有勇气、有贡献的人)”“(故事、电影中的)男主角；男主人公”。 hero 是以“o”结尾且表示“有生命”的名词，复数加“es”，即 heroes。常见类似单词：potato→potatoes(土豆)、tomato→tomatoes(西红柿) 常见表达：national hero 民族英雄 探索新知 11 6 since /sɪns/ prep.， adv. & conj. 自……以后；从……以来conj. 既然；由于(教材P48) · I haven’t seen her since last year. 我从去年以来一直没有见过她。 · He has worked in this company since 2018. 他从 2018 年起就在这家公司工作。 · I saw her ten years ago, and I haven’t met her since. 我十年前见过她，从那以后就没再见过。 · We decided to stay at home since it was raining hard. 既然雨下得很大，我们决定待在家里。 探索新知 11 since 的用法总结： (1) conj. 自……以来；从……以后。引导时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时。 (2) prep. 自……以来；从……以后。后接时间点，常与现在完成时连用。 (3)adv. 从那时以后；后来。常与现在完成时连用。 since 作连词时还可意为“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。 探索新知 11 辨析：since 与because 相同点 不同点 since 都可表示 “因为； 由于” 表示已知或显而易见的原因，语气 较弱，常用于表达一种背景或前提。 because 强调直接且具体的原因，语气较强， 常用于解释行为的动机或现象的原因。 探索新知 11 7 volunteer /vɒlən'tɪə(r)/ n.志愿者；自告奋勇者 v.自愿做；义务做(教材P48) · The volunteers helped distribute food to the homeless. 志愿者们帮忙分发食物给无家可归的人。 · I volunteered to help clean up the park on Saturday. 我志愿在周六帮忙打扫公园。 · She volunteers at the local animal shelter every weekend. 她每个周末都在当地的动物收容所做志愿者。 · They made a voluntary donation to help the earthquake victims. 他们自愿捐款帮助地震灾民。 探索新知 11 volunteer 的一词多义： (1) 作可数名词，“志愿者”。常见用法：volunteer worker/staff 志愿工作人员；volunteer team/group 志愿者团队/小组；volunteer project/activity 志愿者项目/ 活动。 (2) 既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，“自愿(做某事)”。 常见用法：volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事；volunteer for sth./ v.-ing 自愿承担某事/ 自愿做某事。 相关词形：voluntary adj. 志愿的；自愿的 探索新知 11 8 review /rɪ'vjuː/ v. 复习；回顾；复查 n. 回顾，审查 · I need to review my math notes before the test. 考试前我需要复习我的数学笔记。 · It’s a good habit to review your lessons after class. 课后温习功课是一个好习惯。 · The teacher wrote a review of our class project. 老师为我们的班级项目写了一份回顾。 · He wrote a movie review and sent it to a newspaper. 他写了一篇影评并发给了一家报社。 探索新知 11 review 可以作动词，意为“复习，回顾，复查；给(书、戏剧、电影等)写评论”，也可以作名词，意为“回顾，审查；(书、戏剧、电影等的)评论”。 探索新知 11 9 sudden /'sʌdn/ adj. 突然的；骤然的(教材P49) · There was a sudden storm. 突然下了一场暴风雨。 · All of a sudden, the sky darkened and it started raining. 突然之间，天变黑了，开始下雨了。 · It started raining suddenly, so we had to run back home. 雨突然下起来，所以我们不得不跑回家。 · The suddenness of the rain got us wet. 突然下雨，我们淋湿了。 探索新知 11 sudden adj. 突然的；骤然的。常见短语：all of a sudden 突然地。 相关词形： (1)suddenly adv. 突然地；意外地 (2)suddenness n. 突然 探索新知 11 10 unlucky /ʌn'lʌki/ adj. 不幸的；不顺利的；不吉利的 · It was unlucky that the power outage happened during the final exam. 不幸的是，停电发生在期末考试期间。 · We’re lucky to have such a beautiful day for our outdoor picnic. 我们很幸运，户外野餐时天气如此美好。 · Luck plays a part in success, but hard work is more important. 运气在成功中起到了一定的作用，但努力工作更加重要。 探索新知 11 · Luckily, I had my umbrella with me when it started raining. 幸运的是，下雨时我带着伞。 unlucky adj. 不幸的；不顺利的；不吉利的，由“un-(否定前缀)+lucky(adj. 幸运的)”构成。 相关词形： (1)luck n. 幸运 (2)luckily adv. 幸运地 (3)unluckily adv. 不幸地 探索新知 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section B 探究二 核心短语 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 11 1 except for 除……之外(教材P47) · Except for one old lady, the bus was empty. 要不是坐了一位老太太公共汽车上就是空的。 · I didn’t tell him anything except that I needed the money. 我什么都没告诉他，只是说我需要钱。 · I have some other friends besides you and your family. 除了你和你的家人之外，我还有其他一些朋友。 · No one but me passed the exam yesterday. 昨天除了我以外没人通过考试。 探索新知 11 辨析：except for, except, besides 与but except for 表示“除……之外”，它引出一个与前面或后面的词相对立的原因或者事例。 except 表示“除了……之外”，将其后的内容排除在外，表达一种排除关系，后面可以接that、what、when 等引导的从句。 besides 表示“除了……之外(还)”，将其后的内容包含在内，表达一种累加关系。 but but 的意思与 except 接近，它主要与某些不定代词，如：nothing，all，anything，no one，anyone 等连用。 探索新知 11 2 as soon as 一……就……(教材P47) · As soon as the children came back to the garden，spring returned with them. 孩子们一回到花园，春天就随之回来了。 · As soon as this camel gets to an oasis，it will drink hundreds of liters of water. 一旦这只骆驼到达绿洲，它就会喝数百升水。 · Please tell him the truth as soon as you see him. 你一见到他就请告诉他真相。 探索新知 11 as soon as... 表示“一…… 就……”，用于引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作的紧密衔接。常见的时态搭配： (1)表示过去时间中的连贯动作：主过从过，即“主句(一般过去时)+ as soon as + 从句(一般过去时)”。 (2) 表示未发生的动作：主将从现，即“主句(一般将来时)+as soon as + 从句(一般现在时)”。 (3) 主句为祈使句时：主祈从现，即“祈使句 + a s soon as +从句(一般现在时)”。 探索新知 11 as soon as 的位置：从句在前，主句在后时，需用逗号隔开；主句在前，从句在后时通常不用逗号。 探索新知 11 3 wake up 醒来(教材P49) · I always wake up early in the morning. 我总是在清晨早起。 · She had to wake up her little daughter in the morning. 她不得不在早上叫醒她的小女儿。 · My mum wakes me up at 6:30 every morning. 我的妈妈每天早上 6:30 叫醒我。 ·Wake up! It’s time to go to school. 醒醒！该上学了。 · Wake up and smell the coffee! We need to take action now. 认清现实。我们现在需要采取行动了。 探索新知 11 wake up 是一个“动副型”短语，代词作宾语时要放在中间。含义主要有： (1)作不及物动词短语，意为“(自然) 醒来”； (2)作及物动词短语，意为“叫醒某人”； (3)表示提醒注意，意为“醒醒；醒悟”； wake up and smell the coffee 是一个英语谚语，意为“认清现实”。 探索新知 11 4 go off(警报器等)突然发出巨响(教材P49) · He heard the alarm go off. 他听见警报响了。 · The streetlights went off at midnight. 午夜时，路灯全熄灭了。 · The streetlights go on at dusk. 街灯在黄昏时分亮起来。 · Meat and fish go off quickly in hot weather. 肉和鱼在天热时很快变质。 探索新知 11 go off 的一词多义： (1)(警报器等)突然发出巨响 (2) (灯)熄灭；(机器或设备)停止运转。反义短语为go on，表示“(灯)亮起来；(机器或设备)开始运转”。 (3)(食物)变质 探索新知 11 5 by the time 到……的时候(教材P49) · I had visited 10 different countries by the time I graduated from high school. 到我高中毕业的时候，我已经去过10 个不同的国家了。 · By the time you graduate, I will have worked here for 10 years. 到你毕业时，我将已经在这里工作 10 年了。 探索新知 11 by the time 意为“到……的时候”，强调在某个时间点之前已经完成的动作，用于引导时间状语从句。相当于when 或before。 常见时态： (1)by the time + 从句(一般过去时)，主句(过去完成时，即“had+ 过去分词”) (2) by the time + 从句(一般现在时表将来)，主句(将来完成时，即“will have+ 过去分词”) by the time 的位置：当从句在前，主句在后时，需用逗号隔开；当主句在前，从句在后时不用逗号。 探索新知 11 6 out of breath 上气不接下气(教材P49) · After playing soccer for a long time, John was out of breath. 踢了很久足球后，约翰上气不接下气。 · Take a deep breath before you give the speech. 你演讲前先深呼吸。 · When diving under the water, you need to hold your breath. 潜水时，你需要屏住呼吸。 探索新知 11 out of breath 意为“上气不接下气；气喘吁吁”。 含有breath 的常用短语有： (1)take a deep breath 深吸一口气 (2)hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 (3)catch one’s breath 喘口气 (4)waste one’s breath 白费口舌；浪费精力 探索新知 11 7 as a result 因此(教材P49) · He didn’t listen to us. As a result, he didn’t pass the exam. 他不听我们的话，结果他没有通过考试。 · As a result of practicing every day, his English improved a lot. 由于每天练习，他的英语进步很大。 · What do the results of the studies show? 研究结果表明了什么？ · The accident resulted in ten deaths. 这次事故造成十人死亡。 探索新知 11 as a result 意为“因此；结果”，表示由于前面提到的原因而产生的结果。可以单独使用(后接结果)，也可以与of 搭配(as a result of + 原因)。 result 的相关短语： (1)the result of...……的结果 (2)result in... 造成…… (3)result from 由……引起；因……产生 探索新知 11 8 go wrong 出现问题；发生故障；搞错(教材P49) · My computer went wrong yesterday, and I lost all my data. 昨天我的电脑出问题了，我丢失了所有数据。 · I think you’ve gone wrong with the calculations. Let me check them again. 我觉得你的计算出错了。让我再检查一遍。 go wrong 意为“出现问题；发生故障；搞错”。 常见搭配：(1)sth. goes wrong 某物出现问题或发生故障 (2)go wrong with sth. 与某物相关的问题或故障 探索新知 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section B 探究三 核心句式 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 11 Finally, her mother decided to continue the walk alone, and the rest of her family returned to the hotel. 最后，她的母亲决定继续独自散步，其余的家人都回到了酒店。（教材P46） 分析结构: 这是一个并列句，由并列连词and 连接两个独立分句。第一个分句：主语是her mother；谓语是decided；宾语是to continue the walk；alone 作状语。第二个分句：主语是the rest of her family；returned作谓语，to the hotel 作状语。 探索新知 11 · The cake is delicious, and I eat it every day. 蛋糕很好吃，我每天都吃。 · It was raining hard, but they kept working. 雨下得很大，可是他们坚持工作。 · You can stay here, or you can leave with us. 你可以留在这里，或者和我们一起走。 · Her mother was ill, so she didn’t go to school. 她妈妈病了，因此她没有去上学。 探索新知 11 并列句是由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句 连在一起的句子。通常有四种基本类型： （1）用连词and 表示并列，强调两个分句没有主次之分。 （2）使用but 表示转折，强调两个分句的对比。 （3）使用or 表示选择，从两者中选择一个。 （4）使用so 表示因果，强调后面分句是前面分句的结果。 探索新知 11 $