Unit 3 Growing Up 课件- 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语单元复习课件系统梳理了“Growing Up”主题下16个核心单词及5个核心短语，通过词性标注、用法总结、例句解析和图解助记（如alone与lonely的对比图示），构建起“词汇-搭配-语境应用”的知识网络，清晰呈现知识点间的逻辑关联。 其亮点在于注重思维品质与学习能力的培养，如通过lonely/alone、lastly/at last等对比表格引导学生分析差异，结合“控制情绪”“处理困难”等生活场景例句提升语言运用能力，“长的长、短的短”等速记小法优化学习策略。分层设计满足不同学生需求，助力教师精准开展复习教学，有效巩固知识。

讲课人： 时间：202X. Section A 自主学习 Unit 3 Growing Up 11 1a Look at the words under the pictures. Which situations give you these feelings? Match the feelings with the situations in the box. 自主学习 11 ______ failing a test ______ watching a scary movie ______ living alone ______ fighting with a friend ______ hearing about a sick friend ______ seeing an accident happen ______ meeting old friends ______ meeting a new person D B F E H G A C 自主学习 11 1b Listen to the conversation. Circle Peter’s feelings. 1. Peter was shy/worried when he talked to Ella. 2. Peter couldn’t control his fear/anger when he talked to Harry. 3. Peter felt upset/shocked after his fight with Harry. 4. Pete felt excited/afraid to talk to Harry. 引导时间状语从句 不可数名词，形容词形式为angry，意为“生气的”。 自主学习 11 1c Listen again. Number the sentences in the correct order. ____ Ella advised Peter to call Harry. 1 Harry borrowed a guitar from Peter. ____ Harry stopped speaking to Peter. ____ Peter said hurtful things to Harry. ____ Peter found an ugly mark on his guitar when Harry returned it. borrow sth. from sb. /sp.从某人/某地借入某物 是由“hurt+-ful (后缀)”构成的，-ful是形容词后缀，意为“充满……的”，表示某物具有特定的性质或状态。 2 3 4 5 自主学习 11 1d Role-play a conversation between Peter and Ella. Give Peter more advice. A: If you did something wrong, maybe you should say sorry first. B: I guess I could do that. But I don’t know how. A: You could ... 自主学习 11 2a You are going to hear a conversation between Peter and Harry. Tick the sentences each person might say. 自主学习 11 What might they say? Peter Harry I’m sorry. I feel bad about it. Don’t worry about it. I’ll be more careful in future. I forgive you. It was my fault. I didn’t mean to do it. 自主学习 11 2b Listen to the conversation. Circle T for true or F for false. 1. Harry called Peter first to say sorry. T F 2. Peter and Harry said sorry to each other. T F 3. Harry didn’t care about the fight. T F 4. Peter got the guitar on his eighth birthday. T F 5. Both Peter and Harry thought their friendship was important. T F 自主学习 11 2c Listen again. Complete the summary of the conversation. Peter accepted Ella’s suggestion and called Harry so that he could say sorry. Harry also felt _______ about the fight and wanted to _______ to Peter so that they could clear the air. Peter told Harry the guitar was a birthday present from his ______________, and it meant a lot to him. After saying sorry, Harry told Peter he would be more ___________ in future. bad talk grandfather careful 自主学习 11 2d Tick the situations you have experienced before. How did they make you feel? What happened in the end? Talk to a partner about them. □ argued with a friend □ talked to a stranger □ lost something special □ hurt someone you were close to □ heard something hurtful □ lost a game or match 自主学习 11 A: I once lost a watch my dad gave me. B: How did that make you feel? A: I was very upset, and I was afraid to tell my dad about it too. B: Did you find the watch in the end? A: No, I didn’t. B: That’s too bad! 自主学习 11 3a Read the conversation. Do you think Judy and her parents communicate well? Lily: What’s wrong, Judy? Judy: Well, my parents aren’t happy with my grades. No, I don’t think so. be not happy with... 对……不满意 自主学习 11 Lily: Really? Weren’t they pretty good this term? Judy: Yeah, but my parents have very high standards. They often compare me with my cousin, Kate. She gets better grades, plays the piano well, often wins awards... compare sb. with sb.将某人与某人相比较 自主学习 11 Lily: I’m sorry to hear that. But I’m sure your parents just want you to do well, although they may not show it. Why don’t you talk to them? Until you talk to them, they might not know how you feel. 思考：写出这句话的同义句。 Why not talk to them? 自主学习 11 Judy: I guess...I know my parents love me, but sometimes I think they love Kate more. I’m afraid I’ll cry if we talk. 长难句分析：这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句。I'm afraid是主句，I'll cry是省略了引导词 that 的宾语从句，作afraid的宾语，if we talk是条件状语从句。 自主学习 11 Lily: How about writing them a letter so that you can get your message across clearly? Judy: Oh, that’s a good idea. Lily: Writing things down can also make you feel better. Judy: Thanks! Just talking to you makes me feel better already! 是由“clear（adj. 清楚的） +-ly（后缀）”构成的。 动名词短语作主语 自主学习 11 3b Read the conversation again and complete the mind map. Judy’’s problems problem ·Judy’s parents have very high __________. · Judy’s parents often__________ her with her cousin, Kate. Lily’’s opinions opinion ·Judy’s parents just want her to __________. Lily’’s advices advice ·Judy can _______________. Judy can also _________________. standards compare do well talk to her parents write them a letter 自主学习 11 3c Listen to the conversation. Then role-play it. 3d Work in pairs. Imagine one of you is Judy and the other is her parent. Role-play a conversation after Judy’s parents read the letter. A: I’m sorry, Judy. I didn’t realize you were so stressed. Would you like to talk about it? B: OK, Mum/Dad. I’m feeling a lot of pressure because ... 自主学习 11 4a Read the sentences. Pay attention to the words in bold and translate the sentences into Chinese. Although you argued, you are still very close friends. You won’t know how he feels until you talk to him. You can write to your parents so that they’ll know how you feel. If you did or said something wrong, you should say sorry. 自主学习 11 尽管你们吵过架，但你们仍然是非常亲密的朋友。 除非你和他谈谈，否则你就不会知道他的感受。 你可以给父母写信，这样他们就会知道你的感受。 如果你做错了事或说错了话，你应该道歉。 自主学习 11 4b Complete the sentences with although , until , so that , or if . 1. ________ you feel upset about something, you should speak to a person you trust about it. 2. ________ people might hurt you sometimes, it doesn’t always mean that they did it on purpose. If Although 自主学习 11 3. Talk to your loved ones whenever you feel good or bad __________ your joy will be doubled, and your problems will be reduced by half. 4. ________ you apologize, the other person might not want to talk to you. 5. You won’t understand why she got upset ________ you put yourself in her shoes. so that reduced by half 意为“减少一半”；reduce to half 意为“减少到原来的一半”。 Although until 自主学习 11 4c Read the passage about managing stress. Then complete the sentences. There are many things you can do when you feel stressed. First, you can take a break from what you are doing. This will help you clear your mind. You can listen to music or go for a walk. 去散步 自主学习 11 Next, share your problems with someone you trust instead of shutting yourself away. The person might not have any advice for you, but talking about your problems can help you feel better. Lastly, remember to take care of yourself. Eat healthy food, exercise, and get enough sleep. These three things alone are great for reducing stress! 自主学习 11 1. If _____________________, you should take a break from what you are doing. 2. You can talk to a person you trust, although _______________________________________________________. 3. You might not feel better until ______________________________. 4. You should eat healthy food, get plenty of sleep, and exercise so that _____________________! you feel stressed the person might not have any advice for you you talk about your problems you can reduce stress 自主学习 11 4d Complete the sentences and share your ideas. 1. If I spend more time studying, ______________________________. 2. ______________________ until you can control your anger. 3. Although others might say bad things about you, _______________________. 4. _____________________________________ so that I’ll be happier. I will get better grades Count to ten you should stay confident I will plan fun activities（答案不唯一） 自主学习 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section B 自主学习 Unit 3 Growing Up 11 1a Read the idioms. Underline the ones that are negative. Do you know other idioms that describe feelings? 1. a light heart/a heavy heart 2. feel blue /feel on top of the world 3. have a long face/be all smiles 4. in low spirits/in high spirits Other idioms: on cloud nine; down in the dumps（答案不唯一） 引喻为“悲伤；沮丧”。 自主学习 11 1b Read the story. What mistake did Matt make at the basketball game? You Can’t Win Them All When the bell rang, Matt entered the classroom with a heavy heart. “Hey, Matt,” his best friend Tom greeted him. He and Tom were in the school’s basketball team. “Why the long face? Are you still feeling blue about Saturday night’s game?” Tom asked. Matt’s mistake was that he pushed a player from the other team. greet sb. 问候某人； 向某人打招呼 自主学习 11 “Of course I am,” Matt said quietly. He didn’t dare to look at Tom as he spoke. “I’m really sorry about letting everybody down. The other team got those points because of me.” 长难句分析：主句主语是He，谓语是didn’t dare to look at，宾语是Tom，as he spoke 是时间状语从句。 let sb. down 让某人失望 自主学习 11 “Don’t be too hard on yourself!” Tom said. “Although you pushed their player, it was just an accident. Everyone knows that!” 由“play(v. )+-er（后缀）”构成。 自主学习 11 Tom was a good friend. But Matt knew the referee didn’t share Tom’s opinion. When the referee saw Matt push another player, he gave the other team two free throws. Matt was as shocked as anyone when the accident happened, but it was too late. He couldn’t take it back. “as + 形容词原级+as”，表示“和……一样……” 自主学习 11 “I guess we have to respect his decision,” Matt said after a while. “But we had a good chance to win until I made that mistake. Why wasn’t I more careful? I could just kick myself! I really could.” have a good chance to do sth. 有很好的机会去做某事 自主学习 11 “Listen, Matt,” said Tom, “try to look on the bright side. The other team is the best in our area, but our scores were really close. I’m proud of us, and I know our coach and everyone else in our school are as well.” 自主学习 11 Matt felt a bit better. “Thanks, Tom. I guess it’s just hard to lose.” “Hey, you can’t win them all,” said Tom. “It’s more important to learn from your mistakes so that you don’t repeat them in future. We’ll keep working together as a team. One for all, and all for one, right?” 长难句分析：这是一个复合句。主句是It's more important to learn from your mistakes，其中It 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。so that you don't repeat them in future 是目的状语从句。 自主学习 11 “You’re right. If we pull together, we should win next time,” Matt smiled. He was lucky to have a friend like Tom! 相当于work together 自主学习 11 The word “referee” in the passage refers to a person who ________. A. plays basketball B. coaches a team C. watches a game and makes decisions D. reports a game C 自主学习 11 1c Read the story again. Answer the questions. 1. How did Tom know that Matt was sad when he saw him? Tom knew Matt was sad from Matt’s “long face” and confirmed it by asking if he was still feeling blue about the game. 自主学习 11 2. What did the referee do when he saw Matt push another player? The referee gave the other team two free throws when he saw Matt push another player. 自主学习 11 3. Why did Tom feel proud of their team even though they lost? Tom was proud of their team because although they lost to the best team in the area, the scores were really close. 自主学习 11 4. What did Tom mean by “You can’t win them all”? “You can’t win them all” meant that not every game can be won; it’s more important to learn from mistakes and keep working as a team. 自主学习 11 5. When a friend feels bad about making a mistake, what advice can you offer to help them feel better? Listen to their feelings, encourage them to learn from the mistake, remind them of their strengths, and stress the importance of teamwork. 自主学习 11 1d Read again. Complete the problems and solutions. PROBLEM Matt felt sorry about _________ his team _________. Matt felt shocked when the referee gave the other team _________________. Matt felt bad about not being more _________ and causing his team to lose. Matt found it hard to _________. letting down two free throws careful lose 自主学习 11 SOLUTION Tom advised Matt not to be too _________ on himself. Matt tried to _________ the referee’s decision. Tom helped Matt to realize that everyone was still _________ of their team. Tom told him that he couldn’t always _________, and that they would keep working _________. hard respect proud win together 自主学习 11 1e Replace the underlined words with the idioms from the story. 1. Edward noticed that his friend had a sad expression. 2. The musician apologized for disappointing everyone when he fell sick and couldn’t attend the show. 3. When something goes wrong, it’s easy to get angry. But if you think about the good things in that bad situation, you’ll feel better. 1. long face 2. letting everybody down 3. look on the bright side 自主学习 11 4. Even if you try your best, you can’t always succeed or win. 5. When you work together as a group, you can achieve great things. Idioms can make a text more powerful. The meaning of idioms differs from their literal meaning, but the words that make up these expressions provide valuable clues. 4. you can’t win them all 5. pull together 自主学习 11 1f Role-play a conversation between Matt and his coach. A: I’m sorry I made a mistake on Saturday, Coach. B: It’s OK. I was disappointed, but I know you didn’t mean to do it. A: … 自主学习 11 2a Put the words in the box into the correct groups. joyful angry shocked stressed worried hurtful thankful upset excited lonely afraid shy proud calm 自主学习 11 Positive Negative joyful; thankful; excited; proud; calm angry; shocked; stressed; worried; hurtful; upset; lonely; afraid; shy 自主学习 11 2b Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets. 1. A: What should I do if I feel ________ after moving to a new city? B: Try to make new friends. A sense of belonging can help you to fight the feeling of ___________.(lonely) lonely loneliness 自主学习 11 2. A: Did you hear the news? I was ________ to hear about the fight yesterday. B: It was a ________ to me too. We should say no to bullying. (shock) 3. A: I’m sorry I shouted at you just now. I was just feeling ________. B: I know you didn’t mean to do that. People can behave differently under ________. (stress) shocked shock stressed stress 自主学习 11 4. A: I’m really ________ about failing physics. The exam yesterday was very hard. Last night, I couldn’t get any sleep, and I lay awake most of the night. B: That can happen. Don’t ________. I know you tried your best. If you fail, you can take the exam again. (worry) worried worry 自主学习 11 2c Read the passage. Replace the underlined words with the correct forms of the words in the box. decision hurt anger relaxed bit negative Although it is normal to get mad at others from time to time, we should always try our best to control our anger instead of expressing it in bad ways. When we're mad, we might shout at other people or say mean things to them. bad—negative mad—angry mean—hurtful 自主学习 11 After all, anger is like a fire. It can make you hurt others or yourself! Luckily, there are a few simple things you can do to stay calm. For example, try taking a deep breath. That gives you an opportunity to calm down and become a little less angry. You c an also take a walk, go for a run, or write about your feelings. Getting angry is normal, but what you choose to do with your anger is up to you! calm—relaxed little—bit choose—decide 自主学习 11 3a Read Kelly’s thank-you letter to her teacher. Why is Kelly thankful? Because Mrs Thompson helped her with science study, cared for her emotionally after her grandmother’s death, and was both a teacher and a friend. 自主学习 11 Dear Mrs Thompson, I want to thank you for being my teacher. You took the time to help me, although you were so busy. take time to do sth. 花费/ 抽出时间做某事 自主学习 11 Your classes always made me happy. I used to think that science was boring and difficult, and I did badly in class. I never liked science until I took your class. You encouraged me and made science lessons fun, and slowly, I grew more confident. make sth. + adj. 使某物处于某种状态 自主学习 11 I also want to thank you for being kind to me. You helped me a lot, especially after my grandmother passed away. 意为“去世”，比die 更委婉 自主学习 11 I couldn’t talk about my feelings to anybody until you sat with me during lunch that day. You listened to me and talked with me so that I felt much better. That day will always remain in my mind. Thank you so much for being not only my teacher but also my friend. Sincerely, Kelly Smith 长难句分析：这是一个复合句。主句主语是You，谓语是listened to 和talked with，宾语是me，so that I felt much better 是so that 引导的结果状语从句。 自主学习 11 3b Who would you like to thank the most? Make notes. The person I want to thank: ____________ What difficulties I faced How he/she helped me 自主学习 11 3c Write your own thank-you letter. You can use your notes in 3b and the expressions below to help you. · Thank you for helping me to ... · Thank you very much for your... · On that day, I … , and you helped me to... · I am very thankful because... · I didn't/couldn’t … , but you … · When I … , you were there to... 自主学习 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. 单元语法 Unit 3 Growing Up 11 找出句中的连词，并说出其在句子中的功能 1. My parents love to have lunch and shop there, although parking is a problem. ____________________________________________________ 2. I won’t go there until he calls me. ____________________________________________________ 3. I think that we should try hard to form good habits so that we can stay healthy and stay away from the hospital. ____________________________________________________ although, 引导让步状语从句 until，引导时间状语从句 so that, 引导目的状语从句 自主学习 11 考点1 although 引导的让步状语从句 although 意为“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，相当于though，可放在主句前，也可放在主句后。 · Although/Though it was cold, she didn’t wear a coat. 虽然天气很冷，她却没穿外套。 although, until 及so that 引导的状语从句 探索新知 11 特别提醒：although 或though 不能与but、however 连用，但可以与yet、still 同时使用。 · Although the task was difficult, yet we managed to finish it on time. 尽管任务很困难，我们还是设法按时完成了。 探索新知 11 考点2 until 引导的状语从句 until 作连词，意为“直到……为止”，引导时间状语从句，具体用法有： （1） 主句为肯定句时，其谓语动词为延续性动词，强调主句的动作或状态一直持续到从句的动作发生为止，意为“直到……为止”。 · We waited here until he came back. 我们在这儿一直等到他回来。 探索新知 11 （2） 主句为否定句时，其谓语动词用延续性动词或非延续性动词均可，强调主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始，意为“直到……才……”。 · Wang Tao did not go to sleep until he solved the difficult math problem. 王涛直到解决了那道数学难题，他才去睡觉。 特别提醒：当主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。 · He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. 直到亲眼看见它，他才会相信。 探索新知 11 考点3 so that 引导目的状语从句 so that 意为“为了；以便”，引导目的状语从句时，相当于in order that，从句中常加can, could, may, might 等词。 · Be more active in class so that you can improve your ability to express yourself. 在课堂上更积极一些，这样你就能提高自己的表达能力了。 探索新知 11 拓展：so that 还可引导结果状语从句，意为“因此；所以”。此时从句中通常没有情态动词。 · The storm was very violent, so that many trees in the park were uprooted. 暴风雨很猛烈，结果公园里的许多树都被连根拔起了。 探索新知 11 一 单项选择 1. [江苏无锡中考] Everyone loves my dog Coffee ______ he often makes a mess at home. A. since B. until C. although D. whether C 对点突破 11 2. Let’s wait ______ the rain stops. A. so B. while C. since D. until 3. Our country will be much better for everyone in future ______ we all do something to help now. A. if B. before C. so that D. even though 4. [四川成都中考] Xu Dawei wants to pass the Civilian Mobile Library on to his son ______ it can stay open forever. A. before B. although C. so that D A C 对点突破 11 5. Nowadays more and more people take exercise every day ______ they can have healthier bodies. A. such that B. in order to C. so that D. even though C 对点突破 11 二 用though/although，until，if 或so that 完成短文 Every morning, Lily watered her flowers 6. _________ they would grow tall. She loved watching them bloom, 7. _________________ it took weeks of patience. One day, her friend Tom asked, “What 8._____ they don’t grow at all?” Lily smiled and replied, “I’ll keep trying until they do!” so that though/although if 对点突破 11 She was happy that nature helped her plants. 9. ________________ the sun sometimes hid behind clouds, she never gave up. She even sang to her flowers, in order that they’d feel loved. 10. _________ one spring morning, her garden burst with colors—red tulips, yellow daisies, and purple violets! Lily learned that 11. ___________ you work hard and stay hopeful, 12. ___________________ challenges come, you’ll see beauty in the end. Though/Although Until if though/although 对点突破 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. 单元写作 写一封感谢信 Unit 3 Growing Up 11 写作维度 本单元的写作项目是“写一封感谢信”。相关内容包括：（1）感谢老师、同学、朋友、父母等的帮助（2）感谢别人的邀请与热情招待等。 单元写作 11 写作支架/ 模板 写一封感谢信 开篇点明对对方的感谢 具体描述感谢的原因 表达感受 单元写作 11 黄金语料（从教材内外积累好句） 开头段 ① Thank you so much for your help. ② I am sincerely grateful to you for your help. ③ I am writing to express/show/convey my sincere thanks to you for your help. 单元写作 11 中间段 ① Thanks to your help, I have made rapid progress in my English. ② Without/But for your help, I would not have made so much progress in my English. ③ Your lessons were always engaging. ④ They not only honed my speaking skills but also broadened my horizons. ⑤ You always knew how to make learning interesting. 单元写作 11 结尾段 ① Thanks again for helping me. ② Thank you again for your generous help. ③ I would appreciate it if you could accept my sincere thanks. 单元写作 11 经典例题（从经典例题中学会审题） “一朝沐杏雨，一生念师恩”，老师是值得我们永远尊敬和感恩的人。假设你是Su san，请你根据以下提示，并结合自身经历给你最敬爱的英语老师写一封信，感谢她/ 他对你的帮助。 审人称：第一人称 审体裁：应用文 审时态：一般现在时 和一般过去时 单元写作 11 提示：1. How did she/he help you with your study? 2. How did she/he help you in life? 3. How do you feel now? 写作要求：1.内容必须包含所给要点，可适当发挥；2.语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范；3.不少于80词，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 审要点：在学习、生活中如何帮助你的、你的感受 单元写作 11 Dear ________, I am writing to thank you for__________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Susan 单元写作 11 精彩范文展示 Dear Ms. Lin, I am writing to thank you for all the help and sweet memories you have given me over the past years. When I first entered your class, I was not really interested in this subject. ①There are many things you can do when you feel stressed.（教材P25） 单元写作 11 I remember being shy and afraid to open my mouth to speak English. You noticed that and encouraged me to try. Your warm smile and sense of humor really made me feel relaxed and I gradually felt the joy of learning English. After class, you were always there and ready to help as well. Every time I had a problem, you listened to me patiently and offered me useful advice. Because of you, I’ve become better and better. ② You encouraged me and made science lessons fun...（教材P29） 单元写作 11 I would appreciate it if you could accept my sincere thanks. Yours, Susan 单元写作 11 【亮点词块】 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 because of 因为 单元写作 11 【高分句子】 When I first entered your class, I was not really interested in this subject. (when引导时间状语从句) 当我第一次上你的课时，我对这门课并不感兴趣。 Every time I had a problem, you listened to me patiently and offered me useful advice.（every time引导时间状语从句）每次我遇到问题时，你都会耐心倾听，还会给我提出有用的建议。 单元写作 11 实战演练 某英文网站正在开展以“我最想感谢的人”为主题的征文活动，假如你是李华， 请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈谁是你最想感谢的人，他/ 她是怎样帮助你的，以及你的收获。词数80 左右。 提示词语： trouble, encourage, improve, stick to 提示问题： 1. Who do you want to thank most? 2. How did he/she help you? 3. What have you learned from him/her? 单元写作 11 范文参考 My Best Mother In my life, many people have helped and influenced me a lot. My mother is my role model. I admire her very much. My mother is responsible and careful. Although she is busy with her work, she takes good care of our family. What’s more, She does a lot for me when I am upset. Once I failed a singing competition and felt very upset. 单元写作 11 I was crying in the corner of the hall when my mother came to me. She handed me a tissue and hugged me tenderly. She kept comforting me and encouraged me till I stopped crying. From her words, I became calm and found confidence again. I love her and I will learn from her. She makes me know the importance of diligence. I will work hard and try my best to help others. 单元写作 11 $ 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section A 探究一 核心单词 Unit 3 Growing Up 11 1 emotion /ɪ'məʊʃn/ n. 情感；情绪(教材P21) · Emotion can affect our decision making. 情感会影响我们的决策。 · You must learn to control your emotions. 你一定要学会控制你的情绪。 · It was an emotional moment for her. 对她来说，那是个激动人心的时刻。 探索新知 11 emotion n. 意为“情感；情绪”，既可作不可数名词，也可作可数名词。常见搭配： (1) control emotions 控制情绪 (2) show/express emotions 表达情感 emotional adj. 情感的；情绪的；激动人心的 探索新知 11 2 upset /ʌp'set/ adj. 难过的；沮丧的(教材P22) · She was upset about failing the math test. 她因数学考试不及格而沮丧。 · I’m upset with my brother for breaking my bike. 我因弟弟弄坏了我的自行车而生气。 · You look upset. 你看起来很沮丧。 · The loud noise upset the baby. 吵闹声让宝宝不高兴。 探索新知 11 upset adj. 意为“难过的；沮丧的”，不用于名词前作定语。 常见用法： (1) be upset about/at/over (doing) sth.因(做) 某事沮丧 (2) be upset with sb. 生某人的气 upset 还可以作动词，意为“使烦恼；打乱”。过去式为upset。 探索新知 11 3 lonely /'ləʊnli/ adj. 孤独的；寂寞的(教材P22) alone /ə'ləʊn/ adv. 独自；单独(教材P22) · She often feels lonely when her parents are away on business. 父母出差时，她常常感到孤独。 · She wrote a story about a lonely child in the big city. 她写了一个关于大城市里孤独小孩的故事。 探索新知 11 · They live in a lonely village far from the town. 他们住在远离城镇的偏僻村庄里。 · For years Mary lived alone in New York. 玛丽孤身一人在纽约生活了好几年。 · He feels calm when he’s alone. 他独处时感到平静。 探索新知 11 辨析：lonely 与alone lonely 形容词 “孤独的；寂寞的”，强调主观感情，心灵上的孤独，带有伤感的色彩。既可作定语也可作表语。feel lonely“感到孤独”。 “偏僻的；人迹罕至的”，只用于名词前作定语。 alone 副词 “独自；单独”，相当于by oneself。 强调独自一人的客观情况， 不含感情色彩。 形容词 “单独的；独自的”，常用作表语。 探索新知 11 探索新知 11 4 shocked /ʃɒkt/ adj. 震惊的(教材P22) · Everyone was shocked at the news of the sudden earthquake. 所有人都对突如其来的地震消息感到震惊。 · They were shocked to see the damage caused by the storm. 看到风暴造成的破坏，他们感到震惊。 shocked adj. 意为“震惊的”，在句中常作表语，其主语是人。 shocked 的常见用法：(1) be shocked at/by... 对……感到震惊 (2) be shocked to do sth. 对做某事感到震惊 探索新知 11 5 control /kən'trəʊl/ v. & n. 控制(教材P22) · He can keep balance on a skateboard by controlling his body. 他能够通过控制身体在滑板上保持平衡。 · He is in control of the company. 他掌管着这家公司。 · The driver lost control of his car. 那位司机失去了对车的控制。 · The situation is under control. 局势得到了控制。 · The fire is burning out of control. 火势失控了。 探索新知 11 control v. 意为“控制”，过去式和过去分词都是 controlled。现在分词为controlling。 control 还可作名词，是不可数名词，意为“控制”。常见搭配： (1) be in control of 掌管；管理 (2) lose control of 对……失去控制 (3) be under control 得到控制 (4) out of control 失控 (5) under the control of... 在……的控制之下 探索新知 11 6 advise /əd'vaɪz/ v. 建议；劝告(教材P22) · The teacher advised me about choosing a university major. 老师就选择大学专业给了我建议。 · The doctor advised me to take more rest and drink plenty of water. 医生建议我多休息并多喝水。 · The guidebook advises against visiting the museum on Mondays. 旅行指南建议不要周一去参观博物馆。 探索新知 11 · My teacher advised studying in groups for the exam. 老师建议我们分组备考。 · They advise that a passport should be carried with you at all times. 他们建议护照要随时带在身边。 探索新知 11 advise v. “建议，劝告”，具体用法： (1) advise sb. about/on sth. 就某事给某人建议或忠告 (2) advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人(不) 做某事 (3) advise against doing sth. 建议不要做某事 (4) advise doing sth. 建议做某事 (5) advise + t hat 从句 建议…… 从句中谓语用 (should+) 动词原形 对应的名词为advice。 探索新知 11 7 forgive /fə'ɡɪv/ v. (forgave/fə'ɡeɪv/，forgiven /fə'ɡɪvn/) 原谅；宽恕(教材P23) · Please forgive me for being late. 请原谅我迟到了。 · You need to forgive yourself for the mistake. 你需要原谅自己的错误。 · He was forgiven after saying sorry. 他道歉后被原谅了。 forgive v. 意为“原谅；宽恕”，具体用法： (1) forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做) 某事原谅某人 (2) forgive oneself for sth. 因为某事原谅自己 (3) sb. be forgiven (for sth.) 某人被原谅(因为某事) 探索新知 11 8 fault /fɔːlt/ n. 过错；责任(教材P23) · The accident was caused by human fault. 这个事故由人为失误造成。 · It’s her fault for forgetting to lock the door. 忘了锁门是她的过失。 · It’s not your fault that we missed the train. 我们错过了火车不是你的错。 · She always finds fault with my cooking. 她总对我的厨艺挑刺。 · Her only fault is being too impatient. 她唯一的缺点是太没耐心。 探索新知 11 fault 意为“过错；责任”时，是不可数名词。常见用法： (1) be one’s fault for doing sth. 做某事是某人的过失 (2) It’s sb.’s fault (that) ... 某事是某人的错 (3) find fault with sb./sth. 挑剔；找茬儿 (4) at fault 有责任 fault 作名词，还可意为“缺点”，是可数名词。 探索新知 11 9 present /'preznt/ n. 礼物(教材P23) · She gave me a beautiful present /gift. 她给了我一个漂亮的礼物。 · What are you doing at present? 你现在在做什么？ · He is pleased with his present work. 他对现在的工作满意。 · There were 200 people present when the meeting started. 会议开始时有200 人在场。 · The headmaster presented Mr. Wang with a medal. 校长授予王老师一块奖牌。 探索新知 11 present n. 意为“礼物”，相当于gift，是可数名词。 present 的其他词义及用法： n. “现在”，at present 现在，目前 adj. “现在的”，仅用于名词前作定语 “出席的；在场的”，修饰名词要后置 v. “颁发；授予” 探索新知 11 10 standard /'stændəd/ n. 标准；水平 adj. 标准的 · The handmade furniture is above standard in terms of both quality and design. 这件手工家具在质量和设计方面都超过标准。 · The quality of this batch of toys is below standard. 这批玩具的质量未达到标准。 · The machine’s operation is now up to standard. 这台机器的运行现在达到标准了。 探索新知 11 · She worked hard and finally reached/met the standard. 她努力学习，最终达到了标准。 · The room comes with a standard double bed and a desk. 这间房配备标准双人床和书桌。 探索新知 11 standard n. 意为“标准；水平”，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。常见搭配： (1) above standard 超过标准 (2) below standard 未达到标准；不合格 (3) up to standard 达到标准，合格 (4) reach/meet the standard 达到标准 standard 还可作形容词，意为“标准的”。 探索新知 11 11 award /ə'wɔːd/ n. 奖；奖品(教材P24) · He won the best player of the year award. 他获得年度最佳运动员奖。 · She did well in this test and her mother gave her an award. 她在这次考试中做得很好，她的妈妈给了她一个奖品。 · The headmaster awarded a medal to the student. 校长给那个学生颁发了一枚奖章。 · She studied very hard and was awarded the first prize at the end of last year. 她学习很用功，去年年底被授予一等奖。 探索新知 11 award n. 意为“奖；奖品”，可数名词。 win/receive an award 赢得/ 获得奖项。 award 还可以作动词，意为“授予”。常见用法： (1) award sb. sth.= award sth. to sb. 给某人颁发某物 (2) award the first prize 授予一等奖 探索新知 11 12 pressure /'preʃə(r) / n. 压力(教材P24) · Parents shouldn’t put too much pressure on their children. 父母不应该给他们的孩子施加太多压力。 · Exercising every day helps me reduce pressure from work. 每天锻炼帮我减轻工作压力。 · The team made a mistake under pressure during the game. 团队在压力下在比赛中犯了错。 探索新知 11 pressure n. 意为“压力”。多指外界施加的压力或工作、生活中的压力，通常用作不可数名词。 pressure 的常见短语有： (1) put pressure on sb. 强迫；促使某人 (2) reduce pressure 减轻压力 (3) under pressure 被迫；承受着(急于完成某事的) 压力 探索新知 11 13 purpose /'pɜːpəs/ n. 目的；意图(教材P25) · The purpose of brushing our teeth is to keep them clean and healthy. 刷牙的目的是保持牙齿干净和健康。 · She ignored me yesterday—maybe she did it on purpose. 她昨天不理我，可能是故意的。 · I found her address by accident while cleaning my room. 我打扫房间时偶然发现了她的地址。 · They built a bridge for the purpose of improving traffic. 他们建桥是为了改善交通。 探索新知 11 purpose n. 意为“目的；意图”时，是可数名词。 purpose 的常见搭配： (1) the purpose of... ……的目的 (2) on purpose 故意；有意地(反义短语是by accident) (3) for the purpose of... 为了…… 探索新知 11 14 apologize /ə'pɒlədʒaɪz/ v. 道歉(=apologise) · Sorry, I forgot your birthday! I’ll apologize with a card. 忘记你生日真抱歉！我会用卡片道歉。 · I lied about the homework. I must apologize to Mum. 关于作业我撒谎了，我必须跟妈妈道歉。 · The teacher asked me to apologize for talking in class. 老师让我为上课讲话道歉。 · I gave her flowers as an apology for being late. 我给她送花道歉，因为我迟到了。 探索新知 11 apologize (=apologise) v. 意为“道歉”，是不及物动词。常见用法：(1) apologize to sb. 对某人道歉 (2) apologize for sth. 为某事道歉 apology n. 道歉，常见搭配： (1) make an apology 道歉 (2) make an apology to sb.= say sorry to sb. 给某人道歉 探索新知 11 15 shut /ʃʌt/ v. 关闭；合上；住嘴(教材P25) · Shut the window, please! The wind is blowing my homework papers away. 请关上窗户！风把我的作业纸都吹跑啦！ · After eating your cookies, shut the cookie jar tightly. 吃完饼干要盖紧罐子。 探索新知 11 · Shut off the game console! You’ve played for two hours straight. 关掉游戏机！你已经连续玩了两小时。 · I shut my secret diary away in a locked box. 我把秘密日记锁进盒子里。 · The computer system will be shut down on the weekend. 计算机系统周末将被关闭。 · The baby is sleeping. Shut up, or you’ll wake her up! 宝宝在睡觉，闭嘴！不然会吵醒她！ 探索新知 11 shut v. 意为“关闭；合上”，一般指关闭门、窗，与close 意思相近。常见搭配： (1) shut off= turn off 关闭；停止运转 (2) shut sb./sth. away 把……关(藏) 起来；隔离 (3) shut sth. down(使) 关张；停业；关闭 shut 过去式与过去分词均为shut，现在分词为shutting。 shut 作动词，还可意为“闭嘴”。shut up 闭嘴。 探索新知 11 16 lastly /'lɑːstli/ adv. 最后(教材P25) · Lastly, I would like to thank everyone for coming here today. 最后，我想感谢大家今天的光临。 · After years of planning, the project was at last completed. 经过多年规划，项目终于完成了。 lastly adv. 意为“最后”，一般置于句首，用以引出所列事情中的最后一项或最后一点。其同义词为finally。 lastly 是由“形容词last(最后的) + 后缀-ly”构成的。 探索新知 11 辨析：lastly 与at last lastly 强调按照顺序的“最后”。 at last 强调指经过周折、等待、耽搁后“终于”得到所期待的结果。 探索新知 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section A 探究一 核心短语 Unit 3 Growing Up 11 1 deal with 处理；对付(教材P21) · We should learn to deal with all kinds of difficulties. 我们应该学会处理各种各样的困难。 · Teachers know how to deal with kids who don’t listen. 老师知道如何应对不听讲的孩子。 · What should I do with this old toy? 我应该怎么处理这个旧玩具？ 探索新知 11 辨析：deal with 与do with deal with 意为“处理；对付”。 侧重处理问题的方式、方法，常与疑问词how 连用。 do with 侧重处理的对象，常与疑问词 what 连用。 探索新知 11 2 in future 今后；从今以后(教材P23) · Don’t be late again. In future, come to school on time! 别再迟到了。今后要准时到校！ · I want to be an astronaut in the future. 长大后我想成为一名宇航员。 探索新知 11 辨析：in future 与in the future 短语 含义 用法 in future 相当于from now on， 意为“ 往后；从今以后”，侧重强调从现在开始。 用于纠正错误、提出警告或表达“从现在起必须改变的行为”，通常搭配命令/ 建议。 in the future “在将来”，指离现在较远的将来一段时间。常与一般将来时连用。 用于谈论未来计划、可能性或长期趋势，强调“未来时间范围”，通常搭配具体事件。 探索新知 11 速记小法: 长(in t he future) 的长(距离现在时间较长) ， 短(in future) 的短(距离现在时间较短) 。 探索新知 11 3 clear the air 尽释前嫌(教材P23) · Yesterday we cleared the air and said sorry to each other. 昨天我们互相道歉、尽释前嫌了。 · Let’s clear the air before the game. We need to work together! 比赛前咱们尽释前嫌吧！我们需要齐心协力！ 探索新知 11 clear the air 是一个常用习语，意为“尽释前嫌”，指消除误会、缓和紧张气氛、化解矛盾。侧重过程性的沟通、疏导情绪。 clear the air (between sb.) 消除(某人之间的) 误会 clear the air by doing sth. 通过做某事缓和气氛 探索新知 11 4 get across 解释清楚；传达(教材P24) · I need to get this message across to the team. 我需要把这个信息传达给团队。 · The new policy didn’t get across to the employees. 新政策未被员工理解。 · Speak louder to get your ideas across clearly. 大声说才能让你的想法被清楚理解。 探索新知 11 get across 动词短语，意为“解释清楚；传达”。 其用法如下： (1) get sth. across (to sb.) =get across sth.(to sb.) (向某人) 讲清楚某事 (2) get across to sb. 向某人传达 (3) get across clearly 清晰传达 探索新知 11 5 plenty of 充足；大量(教材P25) · We need plenty of chairs for the party tonight. 今晚的聚会我们需要很多椅子。 · He spent plenty of time preparing for the exam. 他花了很多时间准备考试。 · A number of books in the library need to be repaired. 图书馆里许多书需要修补。 探索新知 11 plenty of 意为“充足；大量”，常用于肯定句中，相当于a lot of/lots of，其后可接可数名词复数，也可接不可数名词。其中plenty 作代词，意为“充足；丰富；大量”。 相近短语：a number of 意为“一些；许多”，只能修饰可数名词复数，不能修饰不可数名词。 探索新知 11 $ 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section B 探究一 核心单词 Unit 3 Growing Up 11 1 low /ləʊ/ adj. 沮丧的；低的(教材P26) · She looked low at the party. 她在派对上显得情绪低落。 · He’s been in low spirits since his pet died. 自从他的宠物死后，他就一直精神不振。 · The sun is low in the sky in the evening. 傍晚时太阳低挂在天空。 · This shirt is on sale at a low price. 这件衬衫低价促销。 · My friend told me the secret in a low voice. 我朋友低声告诉我那个秘密。 · The low wall around the garden is easy for children to climb. 花园周围的矮墙，孩子们很容易爬上去。 探索新知 11 low adj. 意为“沮丧的”，形容情绪低落。 in low spirits 情绪低落；精神不振，相当于feel down。 low 作形容词的其他词义及用法： (1) “低的”，既可表示价格低，也可表示声音、温度、水平等低，反义词为high(高的) 。常用搭配：at a low price 以低价； in a low voice 低声地 (2) “矮的”，多指桌椅、山、墙、建筑物等矮，表示人矮用short。 low 的比较级为lower，最高级为lowest。 探索新知 11 2 ring /rɪŋ/ v. (rang/ræŋ/, rung /rʌŋ/) 发出铃声(教材P26) · The bell rings at 8 a.m. every morning. 每天早上8 点钟铃都会响。 · The doorbell was rung by the postman. 门铃是邮递员按响的。 · I need to ring up my friend to ask for some advice. 我需要给我的朋友打个电话征求一些建议。 探索新知 11 · He rang off before I could say anything else. 我还没来得及再说什么，他就挂断了电话。 · The ring on her finger shines brightly under the light. 她手指上的戒指在灯光下闪闪发光。 · The sudden ring of the phone made her jump. 突然响起的电话铃声吓了她一跳。 探索新知 11 ring v. 意为“发出铃声”，是不及物动词。 ring 还可意为“按(铃) ；敲(钟) ；给……打电话”。 (1) ring sb. up 给某人打电话 (2) ring back 再打电话；回电话 (3) ring off 挂断电话 ring 还可作名词，意为“戒指；铃声”。 探索新知 11 3 enter /'entə(r) / v. 进入(教材P26) · Please knock at the door before you enter. 进入前请敲门。 · She entered the room quietly. 她悄悄地进入了房间。 · They entered the competition together. 他们一起参加了比赛。 · I managed to enter a good university. 我成功考入了一所好大学。 · We entered into a long discussion. 我们开始了长时间的讨论。 探索新知 11 enter v. 意为“进入”，既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词。作及物动词时，后直接跟地点作宾语，相当于go into... 或come into...，所以不再与介词into 连用。 enter 作动词的其他词义： (1) 报名参加 enter the competition 参加比赛 (2) 考上(学校或大学) enter into sth. 开始讨论；着手处理 entrance n. 入口 探索新知 11 4 dare /deə(r) / v. & modal v. 敢于(教材P26) · He won’t dare to break his promise. 他不敢违背誓言。 · She daren’t go out alone at night. 她晚上不敢独自出门。 · Dare you ride a horse? 你敢骑马吗？ 探索新知 11 dare v. 意为“敢于”，有人称和时态的变化，一般不用于进行时态。构成疑问句和否定句时要借助助动词do的适当形式。dare to do sth. 敢于做某事。 dare 还可作情态动词，后跟动词原形，没有人称和数的变化，主要用于疑问句、否定句中。否定句在dare 后面加not，疑问句把dare 提前。 探索新知 11 5 everybody /'evribɒdi/ pron. 每人；所有人(教材P26) · Everybody in our class likes our new English teacher. 我们班每个人都喜欢我们的新英语老师。 · I heard somebody singing in the next room. It sounded nice. 我听到有人在隔壁房间唱歌。听起来很好听。 · I didn’t see anybody in the park this morning. 今天早上我在公园里没看到任何人。 · Nobody was in the classroom when I arrived. It was empty. 当我到达的时候，教室里没有人。它是空的。 探索新知 11 辨析：everybody, somebody, anybody 与nobody everybody 意为“所有人；人人”，相当于everyone。 somebody 意为“某人；有人”，多用在肯定句中。 anybody 意为“任何人”，多用在否定句和疑问句中。 nobody 意为“没有人”，是否定词，相当于not anybody。 探索新知 11 6 decision /dɪ'sɪʒn/ n. 决定(教材P26) · Ask your parents before making a decision. 在做出决定之前问问你的父母。 · In 1938，he made a decision to go to northern China. 1938 年，他做出决定去了中国北方。 · Mark makes a decision to go to the barber’s. 马克决定去剪头发。 · After many discussions, we finally reached a decision. 经过多次讨论，我们终于作出决定。 探索新知 11 decision n. 意为“决定”，可数名词。其动词形式为decide，意为“决定”。 decision 构成的短语有： (1) make decisions / make a decision / make one’s decision 做决定 (2) make a decision to do sth. = decide to do sth. 决定做某事 (3) reach a decision 作出决定 探索新知 11 7 score /skɔː(r) / n. 得分；比分(教材P26) · What’s the score? 比分是多少？ · I want to get a high score in the next exam. 我想在下次考试中得高分。 · The student is telling us how he got good scores. 这名学生正在给我们讲述他是如何取得好成绩的。 · Our team scored higher than theirs. 我们队的分数比他们队高。 探索新知 11 score n. 意为“得分；比分”，指比赛、游戏中的比分。 score 作名词，还可意为“(考试中的) 分数，成绩”，相当于 grade。get good scores = get good grades 取得好成绩。 score 还可作动词，意为“(在游戏或比赛中) 得分”。 探索新知 11 8 proud /praʊd/ adj. 骄傲的；自豪的(教材P26) · It was a proud day for us when we won the trophy. 我们夺得奖杯的那一天是值得我们骄傲的日子。 · When I get into senior high school, my parents are proud of/ take pride in me. 当我升入高中时，我的父母为我感到骄傲。 · They were proud to belong to such a fine team. 他们为属于这么好的一个队而感到自豪。 · He is proud that he learned how to ride a bike. 他很自豪他学会了骑自行车。 探索新知 11 proud adj. 意为“骄傲的；自豪的”。常见用法： (1) be proud of=take pride in 为……感到自豪(后可接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式) (2) be proud to do sth. 为做某事感到自豪 (3) be proud + t hat 从句 某人感到骄傲…… 探索新知 11 9 coach /kəʊtʃ/ n. 教练(教材P26) · He is a coach of a soccer team. 他是一个足球队的教练。 · He went to Beijing by coach last week. 上周他乘长途汽车去了北京。 · The train has sixteen coaches. 这列火车有16 节车厢。 · He coaches students for TOEFL exams. 他培训托福考试的学生。 探索新知 11 coach n.“教练”，可数名词。复数形式是coaches。 sports coach 体育教练。 coach 作名词的其他词义： (1) 长途客车；四轮大马车→by coach 乘长途汽车 (2) 车厢(特指火车车厢) coach 还可作动词，意为“培训；指导” 探索新知 11 10 though /ðəʊ/ conj. 虽然；尽管(教材P27) · Though it was raining, we still went there. 尽管下着雨，我们还是去了那里。 · Although/Though the test was hard, she passed with a good grade. 尽管考试很难，她还是取得了好成绩。 · Even though electronic products are widely used, people still need printed books. 尽管电子产品被广泛使用，人们仍然需要纸质书。 · He said he would help us; he didn’t, though. 他说他会帮我们，可是他没有。 探索新知 11 though conj. 意为“虽然；尽管”。引导让步状语从句，相当于although，但although 更为正式。 even though 意为“即使；虽然”，引导让步状语从句，不能与but 连用，但可以与yet、still 连用。相当于even if。 though 还可作副词，意为“不过；可是”，常位于句末，用于补充说明，其前常加逗号。类似于however 或but。 敲黑板: although/though 引导的让步状语从句不能与but、however连用，但能与yet、still 连用。 探索新知 11 11 thankful /'θæŋkfl/ adj. 感谢的；感激的(教材P28) · Our community is thankful for the volunteers’ efforts. 我们社区感谢志愿者们的付出。 · He is thankful to his friend for helping him fix the car. 他感谢朋友帮他修好汽车。 · They were thankful to find a shelter during the storm. 暴风雨中找到避难所，他们感到欣慰。 · The whole family is thankful that the storm caused no damage. 全家人为暴风雨没有造成损失而感到欣慰。 探索新知 11 thankful adj. “感谢的；感激的”，通常不用于名词前。 thankful 的常见用法： (1) be thankful for sth.=thanks for 因……感谢 (2) be thankful to sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做) 某事感恩某人 (3) be thankful to do sth. 做某事感到欣慰 (4) be thankful + t hat 从句 ……感到欣慰 thank v. 感谢 探索新知 11 12 behave /bɪ'heɪv/ v. 表现；举止得体(教材P28) · Mary always behaves so well that everyone likes her. 玛丽总是举止得体，以至于每个人都喜欢她。 · We’re supposed to behave ourselves at any time. 在任何时候我们都应该有礼貌。 · Good behavior is a sign of good qualities. 好行为是好品质的标志。 探索新知 11 behave“表现；举止得体”，既可作不及物动词，也可作及物动词。常用短语： (1) behave oneself 表现得体；有礼貌 (2) behave well/badly 表现好/ 差 behavior n. 举止；行为 -behaved“表现……的”，用于构成形容词。 w ell-behaved 表现好的 探索新知 11 13 differently /'dɪfrəntli/ adv. 不同地(教材P28) · Boys and girls may behave differently. 男孩儿和女孩儿的表现可能不同。 · English is different from Chinese. 英语和汉语不同。 · There are a few differences between the twins. 这对双胞胎有几处不同。 探索新知 11 differently adv. 意为“不同地”。相当于in different ways，常用来修饰动词或句子。 differently 的同根词： (1) different adj. 不同的→be different from 与……不同 (2) difference n. 差别；差异 探索新知 11 14 awake /ə'weɪk/ adj. 醒着的(教材P28) · Is he awake or asleep? 他醒着还是睡着了？ · I drank three cups of coffee to stay awake. 为了保持清醒，我喝了三杯咖啡。 · When I woke up, I found my cat was still awake beside me. 当我醒来时，我发现我的猫还醒着趴在我旁边。 探索新知 11 awake adj. 意为“醒着的”， 常作表语或宾语补足语，一般不作定语。stay awake“保持清醒”。 其反义词为asleep，意为“睡着”。 wake 作动词，意为“醒来；唤醒”。wake up“醒来；唤醒”。 探索新知 11 15 normal /'nɔːml/ adj. 正常的；普通的(教材P28) · Everyone wants to lead a normal life. 每个人都想过正常的生活。 · It’s normal to feel tired after such a long trip. 这样的长途旅行之后感到疲劳是正常的。 · Your temperature has returned to normal. 你的体温已经恢复正常了。 · She normally goes to the gym every Sunday. 她照常星期天到健身房。 探索新知 11 normal adj. 意为“正常的；一般的”。既可以作定语，也可以作表语。常用句型“It’s normal to do sth.”，意思为“做某事是正常的”。 normal 还可以作不可数名词，意为“常态；通常标准”。Go back/ return to normal 恢复正常。 副词形式为normally，意为“通常；正常情况下”。 探索新知 11 16 mad /mæd/ adj. 发狂的；疯的(教材P28) · The result drove me mad. 这个结果使我发疯。 · I really get mad when you take things without asking. 你不问就拿东西，我真的很生气。 · I don’t think you should get mad at your mum. 我认为你不应该生你妈妈的气。 · Don’t get mad about the broken window. 别为这个破碎的窗户而恼火。 · If you are mad about football, you can work in a sports shop. 如果你对足球着迷，你可以在体育用品商店工作。 探索新知 11 mad adj. 意为“发狂的；疯的” 。常见搭配： (1) drive sb. mad 使某人发狂 (2) go mad 发疯 mad 作形容词，还可意为“很生气”，常见用法： (1) get mad 大动肝火；气愤 (2) be/ get mad at/ with sb. 生某人的气 (3) be/ get mad about (doing) sth. 因(做) 某事生气 mad 还可意为“特别喜欢；痴迷”。 be mad about/on...对……着迷。 探索新知 11 17 mean /miːn/ adj. 刻薄的；吝啬的(教材P28) · The boss is always mean to new employees. 老板对新员工总是很刻薄。 · The restaurant is mean with the portions—you barely get enough to eat. 这家餐馆分量抠门，根本吃不饱。 · The red light means “stop” in traffic rules. 交通规则中，红灯意思是“停止”。 · Missing the train means waiting for another two hours. 错过这趟火车意味着要再等两小时。 · They meant to visit their grandparents last weekend. 他们上周末打算去看望祖父母。 探索新知 11 mean adj. 意为“刻薄的；吝啬的”。be mean to sb. 对某人刻薄。 mean 作动词的一词多义： (1) “意思是；意为”，后跟名词或that 从句。 (2) “意味着”→ mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 (3) “打算；意欲”→ mean to do sth. 打算做某事 探索新知 11 18 deep /diːp/ adj. 深的；有……深的(教材P28) · The river is deep. Don’t swim in it. 这条河很深。不要在里面游泳。 · I have a deep affection for this school. 我对这所学校有着深厚的感情。 · The hiker stopped to take a deep breath after climbing the hill. 爬过小山后，徒步旅行者停下来深呼吸。 · Some desert plants grow deep into the earth to get water. 一些沙漠植物生长到土壤深处以获取水分。 · What’s the depth of the well? 这口井有多深？ 探索新知 11 deep adj. 意为“深的；有……深”，既可作定语也可作表语。反义词为shallow“浅的”。 deep 作形容词，还可意为“深(呼吸) 的；深沉的”。 take a deep breath 深呼吸。 deep 还可作副词，意为“深深地”。 deep 的相关词：deeply adv. 深深地 depth n. 深(度) 探索新知 11 19 remain /rɪ'meɪn/ v. 继续存在；保持不变(教材P29) · The book remained on the table.那本书还在桌子上。 · We remained at school until 5 p.m. 我们留在学校直到下午5 点。 · She remained happy despite the difficulties. 尽管有困难，她依然保持快乐。 探索新知 11 remain 作不及物动词，意为“继续存在”，后接介词短语。 remain 作不及物动词，还可意为“停留；逗留”，相当于stay。 remain 还可作连系动词，意为“保持不变”，后通常接形容词、 名词作表语。 探索新知 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section B 探究二 核心短语 Unit 3 Growing Up 11 1 all smiles 笑容满面(教材P26) · She was all smiles when she received the birthday present. 当她收到生日礼物时，她满脸笑容。 · The whole family was all smiles when they gathered for the reunion dinner on New Year’s Eve. 除夕夜全家团聚吃年夜饭时，大家都满脸笑容。 探索新知 11 all smiles 意为“笑容满面”，通常在句中作表语。“all + 名词复数”，表示“全是……的状态”，类似结构还有： (1)all ears 洗耳恭听 (2)all eyes 目不转睛 探索新知 11 2 be hard on 对……苛刻或过分严厉(教材P26) · You have to learn to relax. Don’t be too hard on yourself. = You have to learn to relax. Don’t be too strict with yourself. 你必须学会放松。不要对自己太苛刻。 be hard on sb. 固定短语，意为“对某人苛刻”。 相当于be strict with sb.。 探索新知 11 3 as well 也；又(教材P26) · She works hard, and her sister works hard as well. 她工作努力，她的妹妹也一样努力。 · He speaks French, and he knows a little German as well. 他会说法语，还懂一点德语。 as well 意为“也”，用于比较两个事物，说明它们在某方面处于同等状态。as well 也可意为“也，还”，常用于肯定句的句末，强调补充说明，无额外语气。 探索新知 11 4 a bit 有点儿；稍微(教材P26) · The coffee is a bit hot. 咖啡有点儿烫。 · I know a bit about history. 我对历史懂一点儿。 · There’s a bit of truth in his words. 他的话里有点儿道理。 探索新知 11 a bit 意为“有点；稍微”，可以修饰形容词、副词、动词，也可单独使用，强调“数量不多或程度不深”。相当于a little bit/a little。 a bit 还可修饰名词，其后需加of。 “a bit of + 不可数名词/ 可数名词单数”表示“一点儿……”， 相当于“a little + 不可数名词”或“a few + 可数名词复数” (但“a bit of”更口语化)。 bit n. 有点儿；稍微 探索新知 11 小贴士 a bit 和a little 在否定句中的意思恰恰相反：not a bit 相当于not...at all, 意为“一点儿也不”；not a little 相当于very, 意为“非常”。 探索新知 11 5 shout at sb. 冲某人喊叫(教材P28) · Don’t shout at your parents. 不要对着父母大叫。 · I shouted to him across from the street. 我对着街道对面的他大声喊叫。 · He gave an excited shout when he heard the good news. 当他听到这个好消息时，他发出激动的叫喊。 小贴士: shout 还可作名词，表示“呼喊；喊叫声”。 探索新知 11 辨析：shout at sb. 与shout to sb. shout at sb. 冲某人大声叫嚷；吼(非善意，多指因生气或愤怒而冲某人大声吼叫)。 shout to sb. 对某人大声喊叫(无恶意，多因距离远，目的是让别人听见)。 探索新知 11 6 not only... but also... 不但……而且……(教材P29) · Not only you but also he is interested in swimming. 不但你而且他也对游泳感兴趣。 · We not only study but also do all kinds of activities at school. 在学校我们不但学习而且做各种各样的活动。 · My brother is not only a doctor but also a volunteer. 我哥哥不但是一名医生而且也是一名志愿者。 · Not only did they give away their money, but also they went to help the people there. 他们不但捐赠了钱，而且也去帮助那里的人。 探索新知 11 not only... but also... 意为“不但……而且……”，用于连接两个对等的成分, 如连接并列主语、谓语、宾语和表语等。 not only... but also... 连接并列主语时，谓语动词与but also 后的主语一致，即遵循“就近原则”。 not only... but also... 连接两个分句, 且not only 置于句首时, 第一个分句使用部分倒装。but also 所在句中, 主语可以放在but 和also 之间。 探索新知 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section B 探究三 核心句式 Unit 3 Growing Up 11 1 Why wasn’t I more careful? 我为什么不更小心一点？(教材P26) 分析结构: 此句是一个特殊疑问句，表达对过去行为的懊悔。Why 是疑问词，wasn’t 是系动词的否定形式，I是主语，more careful 是表语。 探索新知 11 · Why wasn’t I more careful? Now the glass is broken. 我当时为什么没更小心点？现在杯子碎了。 · Why wasn’t I more careful? I could have got full marks. 我当时为什么没更仔细些？我本可以得满分的。 “疑问词 + 否定式疑问句”通常用于事情已经发生且造成了不好的结果之后，说话人反思自己过去的行为，因“不够小心”而自责。 探索新知 11 2 I guess we have to respect his decision. 我想我们必须尊重他的决定。(教材P26) 分析结构: 这是一个复合句，主句是I guess，宾语从句是we have to respect his decision。we have to respect his decision 是 guess 的宾语，其中we 是主语；have to respect 是谓语；his decision 是宾语。 探索新知 11 · I guess (that) she’ll come back tomorrow. 我猜她明天会回来。 · —You are a lucky guy. 你是个幸运的家伙。 —I guess so. 我想是的。 I guess... 与I think... 类似，意为“我想……”，用于陈述自己的观点、看法及建议。 I guess so. 意为“我想是的。”表示同意对方的观点或看法。其否定形式为“I guess not.(我想不是。)”。 探索新知 11 $