Unit 2 Stay Healthy 课件- 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语课件围绕“保持健康”主题，系统讲解核心词汇（如sore, stomachache）、短语（如have a stomachache）及句式（while引导时间状语从句），通过例句解析、词义辨析搭建学习支架，帮助学生衔接新旧知识，构建完整知识体系。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过词根词缀（如careless的-less后缀）、词义辨析（如press与push）及语境例句，提升学生语言理解与表达能力，培养分析比较思维。采用讲练结合的学科特色方法，学生能高效掌握知识，教师可直接用于课堂教学，提升教学效果。

讲课人： 时间：202X. Section B 探究一 核心单词 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 11 1 fry /fraɪ/ v. 油炸；油煎；油炒(教材P16) · She fries eggs every morning. 她每天早上煎鸡蛋。 · My mom fries chicken in vegetable oil every Sunday. 我妈妈每周日用植物油炸鸡。 · The fast-food restaurant is famous for its crispy fries. 这家快餐店以其酥脆的薯条而闻名。 探索新知 11 fry v. 意为“油炸；油煎；油炒”，常见搭配： (1) fry sth. 油炸某物 (2) fry sth. in oil 用油炸某物 fry 还可作名词，意为“炸薯条”，常用作复数形式fries. 探索新知 11 2 burn /bɜːn/ v. (burnt/bɜːnt/, burnt) 燃烧；着火(教材P16) · We all know that paper burns easily. 我们都知道纸容易燃烧。 · Take care not to burn your fingers. 注意别烧着手指。 · The candle burned out after hours. 蜡烛几小时后燃尽了。 · The old house burned down in the fire. 老房子在大火中烧毁了。 · After the accident, she had several burns on her arms. 事故发生后，她的胳膊上有几处烧伤。 探索新知 11 · The firemen hosed the burning car. 消防队员用水龙带向燃烧的汽车喷水。 · I believe nobody likes the burnt toast. 我相信没有人喜欢烤焦了的面包片。 探索新知 11 burn v. 意为“燃烧；着火”。”既可作及物动词， 也可作不及物动词。过去式和过去分词为burnt /burned, burnt/burned。 与burn 相关的短语： (1) burn out 烧尽；熄灭 (2) burn down(火势) 减弱；(被) 烧毁 burn 还可作名词，意为“烧伤”。 探索新知 11 辨析：burning 与burnt burning 意为“着火的；燃烧的”，正在燃烧的，强调正在进行。 burnt 意为“烧焦的；烧伤的”，烧完了的，强调已经过去。 探索新知 11 3 throw /θrəʊ/ v. 猛动身体(部位) ；扔；抛(教材P16) · She threw back her head and laughed loudly. 她猛地向后仰头，大声笑了起来。 · Don’t throw the apple to him, hand it to him! 别把苹果扔给他，递给他！ · Instead of throwing away old clothes, we donated them to shelters, turning waste into kindness. 我们没有扔掉旧衣服，而是把它们捐给了收容所，将浪费变成了善意。 探索新知 11 throw v. “猛动身体部位”，及物动词。 throw 作动词，还可意为“扔；抛”。常用短语： throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人 throw sth. back at sb. 使想起，重提 throw sth. away 扔掉；错过，浪费 throw yourself/sth. into sth. 投身于；积极从事 throw sth. /sb. off 摆脱 探索新知 11 4 quick /kwɪk/ adj. 快的；迅速的 adv. 迅速地；快速地(教材P16) · I need a quick breakfast before work. 上班前我需要快速吃个早饭。 · Please be quick. 请快一点。 · The task was very quickly completed. 任务很快就完成了。 quick adj. 意为“快的；迅速的”。既可作定语也可作表语。副词形式为quickly。quick 还可作副词，意为“迅速地；快速地”，常用与口语中，正式场景更常用 quickly。 探索新知 11 辨析：quick 与fast quick 侧重指做某事用时很少或毫无拖延，也可表示做事快、麻利。 fast “快的；迅速的”侧重指人或物体移动或能够移动得很快，也可表示做事快、麻利。 探索新知 11 5 aid /eɪd/ n. & v. 帮助；援助(教材P16) · When the little boy fell into the river, a passerby came to his aid and pulled him to safety. 当小男孩掉进河里时，一位路人出手相助，将他救上岸。 · The school nurse taught us basic first aid skills. 校医教了我们基础急救技能。 探索新知 11 · Many countries provided aid for the disaster area. 多国向灾区提供援助。 · The new policy aims to aid the development of small businesses. 新政策旨在促进小企业的发展。 · Volunteers aided in organizing the charity event, ensuring every donation reached those in need. 志愿者协助组织慈善活动，确保每份捐赠都送达需要的人手中。 探索新知 11 aid n.意为“帮助；援助”，是不可数名词。 常见搭配：(1) come to sb.’s aid 帮助某人 (2) first aid 急救 (3) provide/give aid 提供援助 (4) with the aid of 借助……的帮忙 aid 还可作动词，意为“帮助；援助”。常见用法： (1) aid sth. 促进某事 (2) aid sb. in (doing) sth. 在某方面帮助某人 探索新知 11 辨析：aid 与help aid 强调有组织、有目的的援助；或需要一定技术、技巧的急救。 help 泛指任何形式的帮助，可大可小。 探索新知 11 6 safety /'seɪfti/ n. 安全；安全处所(教材P16) · Wearing a helmet improves road safety for cyclists. 戴头盔能提升骑车人的道路安全。 ·Please tie your safety belt. 请您系好安全带。 ·The children are now in safety. 孩子们现在安全了。 · Hospitals check bags for safety to prevent dangerous items. 医院检查书包以确保安全，防止危险物品进入。 探索新知 11 · Always hold your parents’ hands when crossing the road to stay safe. 过马路时一直牵着父母的手，保持安全。 · I was pleased to hear you arrived home safely. 听说你平安到家我很高兴。 探索新知 11 safety n. 意为“安全；安全处所”，是不可数名词。 反义词是danger，意为“危险”。 safety 的常用搭配：(1) safety belt 安全带 (2) in safety 处于安全中 (3) for safety 为了安全起见 (4) the safety of... ……的安全 safety 的词形变换： (1) safe adj. 安全的→ dangerous adj. 危险的(反义词) (2) safely adv. 安全地→ dangerously adv. 危险地(反义词) 探索新知 11 7 smoke /sməʊk/ n. 烟 v. 吸烟；冒烟(教材P17) · Have you heard about third-hand smoke? 你听说过三手烟吗？ · We do not allow smoking in the hall. 我们不允许在大厅内吸烟。 · The fire is still smoking. 火仍在冒烟。 探索新知 11 smoke n. 意为“烟”，作不可数名词。 smoke 还可作动词，意为“吸烟；冒烟”。意为“吸烟”时，既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。意为“冒烟”，作不及物动词。 give up smoking = stop smoking 戒烟 探索新知 11 8 luckily /'lʌkɪli/ adv. 幸运地(教材P17) · Luckily, we found a shortcut! 幸好我们找到了捷径！ · Bad luck taught me to prepare better next time. 坏运气教会我下次准备更充分。 · I’m so lucky to have you as my friend! 有你这样的朋友，我太幸运了！ · The team was unlucky to lose the game in the last minute. 球队在最后一分钟输掉了比赛，运气太糟了。 · Unluckily, I failed the contest, but I learned a lot! 虽然比赛失利很遗憾，但我收获很多！ 探索新知 11 luckily adv. 意为“幸运地”，通常放在句首，修饰整个句子。 luckily 的词形变化： luck n. 运气 lucky adj. 幸运的 unlucky adj. 不幸的 unluckily adv. 不幸地 探索新知 11 9 badly /'bædli/ adv. 严重地(教材P17) · Unluckily, in a show, I fell down and hurt myself badly. 不幸的是，在一次表演中，我摔倒了并且伤得很严重。 · Tom did badly in math last semester. 汤姆上学期数学考得很差。 · The girl wants the doll badly. 这个女孩非常想要这个洋娃娃。 探索新知 11 badly 意为“严重地”，常修饰动词hurt，表示“伤得很严重”。 badly 是副词，其形容词是bad，比较级是worse，最高级是worst。 badly 作副词，还可意为“差”，常修饰动词do，表示“做得差”。do badly in...“在……方面做得差”。反义词是well“好”。 badly 作副词，还可意为“非常”。 探索新知 11 10 harm /hɑːm/ n. & v. 伤害；损害(教材P17) · Smoking does harm to health. 吸烟有害健康。 · If we keep harming the Earth, we’ll lose our home. 如果我们继续伤害地球，我们将失去家园。 · Plastic waste is harmful to ocean life. 塑料垃圾危害海洋生物。 · The insect may seem scary, but it is harmless. 这只昆虫看似可怕，但它无害。 探索新知 11 harm n. 意为“伤害；损害”，不可数名词。do harm to 对……有害。 harm 还可作及物动词，意为“伤害；损害”。 harmful adj. 意为“有害的”，be harmful to 意为“对……有害”，相当于do harm to 或be bad for。反义短语为be good for “对……有好处”。 harmless adj. 无害的 探索新知 11 11 lie /laɪ/ v. 平躺；平放(教材P18) · She felt tired and lay down on the sofa. 她感觉累了，在沙发上躺了下来。 · The town lies at the foot of the mountain. 小镇坐落在山脚下。 · She lied to her kids about the surprise party to keep it a secret. 为了保密，她对孩子们谎称没有惊喜派对。 · Children should be taught not to tell lies. 应教导孩子不要说谎。 探索新知 11 lie v. 意为“平躺；平放”。lie down 平躺；平卧。 lie 作动词，还可意为“位于；说谎”。lie to sb. 对某人说谎 lie 还可作名词，意为“谎言”，tell a lie/tell lies 说谎。 探索新知 11 辨析：lie 与lay 原形 词义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 lie vi. 躺；位于 lay lain lying vi. 说谎 lied lied lying lay vt. 放置；下蛋 laid laid laying 探索新知 11 12 hit /hɪt/ v. (hit, hit) 碰撞；击；打 n. 打；击；击中(教材P18) · The car hit a tree and broke its front window. 汽车撞到树上，前窗玻璃碎了。 · He hit him in the face. 他打了他的脸。 · A bullet hit him on the leg. 一颗子弹击中了他的腿。 · The boxer took a hard hit to the face. 拳击手脸部受到重重一击。 · Their new song was a huge hit across the country. 他们的新歌在全国大受欢迎。 探索新知 11 hit 意为“碰撞”，用作及物动词，其过去式及过去分词均为hit。 hit 作动词，还可意为“击；打”，指用手或器具击打。表达“击/打某人身体的某部位”用“hit sb. on/ in the + 身体部位”。 (打在人体硬部位上用介词on，软部位上用介词in，且结 构中的定冠词the 通常不可用物主代词my，his 等代替。) hit 还可作名词，意为“打；击；击中”，也可指“风行一时的 事物(如电影、戏剧、歌曲等) ”。 探索新知 11 13 shock /ʃɒk/ n. 震惊；令人震惊的事 v. 使震惊；使惊愕(教材P18) · To my shock, the boy gave a confident speech! 令我震惊的是，这个男孩发表了自信演讲！ · Shock turned into joy when the lost kitten returned home! 走失的小猫回家时，震惊变成了喜悦！ · She shocked everyone by winning first prize! 她获得一等奖让所有人震惊！ · The shocking news made the whole school fall silent. 这个令人震惊的消息让全校陷入沉默。 探索新知 11 shock n. 意为“震惊”时，是不可数名词，意为“令人震惊的事”时，是可数名词。 常见搭配：(1) to one’s shock令某人震惊的是…… (2) in shock 处于震惊状态 shock 还可作动词，意为“使震惊；使惊愕”。 shock 的词形变化： (1) shocked adj. 惊愕的；感到震惊的(通常修饰人) (2) shocking adj. 令人震惊的；令人气愤的(通常修饰物) 探索新知 11 14 check /tʃek/ v. 检查；查明 n. 检查；调查(教材P18) · Let me check your answers. 让我检查你的答案。 · Before I took photos, Mary checked out the new camera. 在我拍照之前，玛丽检查了一下新相机。 · What time should we check out? 我们应该什么时候退房？ · Guests must check in before 6 PM. 客人需在下午 6 点前办理入住。 探索新知 11 · The mechanic checked over the car engine before the long trip. 机修工在长途旅行前仔细检查了汽车引擎。 · A quick safety check kept everyone safe during the trip. 一次快速的安全检查保障了旅行中每个人的安全。 · The school runs security checks on all visitors. 学校对所有访客进行安全调查。 探索新知 11 check v. 意为“检查；查明”，常作及物动词，后接名词、代词或句子。 check 的常见搭配：check out 察看；观察；结账离开；调查 check in 登记；报到 check over 仔细检查 check 还可作名词，意为“检查；调查”。have a check 检查； have a health check 体检。 check 作名词，还可意为“支票；账单”。 探索新知 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section B 探究二 核心短语 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 11 1 catch fire 着火(教材P16) · Paper in the waste paper basket caught fire. 废纸篓中的纸着火了。 · The wooden house caught fire from a lightning strike last night. 昨晚，那座木屋被闪电击中起火了。 · Some of the houses nearest the bridge were on fire. 离桥最近的一些房屋着火了。 · We set fire to the bonfire to celebrate the festival! 我们点燃篝火庆祝节日！ 探索新知 11 catch fire 意为“着火”，动词短语。 由fire 构成的短语还有：set fire to 点燃、放火烧…… play with fire 玩火；冒险 on fire 在着火；火辣辣 make a fire 生火 put out the fire 把火扑灭 fire 还可作动词，意为“点火；解雇”，fire up 启动/ 激起热情。 探索新知 11 辨析：catch fire, be on fire 与set fire to catch fire 强调“开始燃烧”的动作，无被动。 be on fire 强调“燃烧中”的状态。 set fire to 主动“放火；纵火”，人为动作。 探索新知 11 2 turn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等) ；打开(教材P16) · Could you turn on the study lamp? I need to finish my science project. 你能打开学习灯吗？我要完成我的科学项目。 · Don’t turn it on. The baby is sleeping. 不要打开它。宝宝正在睡觉。 · Remember to turn off your phone during the English speech. 英语演讲期间记得关手机。 · Can you turn up the music? This dance routine needs rhythm! 你能调大音乐吗？这套舞蹈动作需要节奏！ 探索新知 11 turn on意为“接通(电流、煤气、水等) ；打开”，指打开电器、煤气或水龙头等。后接代词宾格时宾格要放在中间。 由turn 构成的短语还有： turn off 关(水、煤气、电灯等) turn up 调高 turn down 调低；拒绝 turn into(使) 变成 探索新知 11 辨析：turn on 与open turn on 多指接通水、电流、煤气，打开电视等，其反义短语为turn off。 I opened the door, came into the room and turned on the light. 我打开门，进入房间，打开了灯。 open 多指打开门、窗、柜子、盒子、抽屉、书本等。其反义词为close。 探索新知 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section B 探究三 核心句式 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 11 Allen was about to do so when he stopped short. 艾伦正要这么做，却突然停了下来。（教材P16） 分析结构：本句使用了“be about to do sth., when...”结构，意为“某人正要做某事，这时（突然）……”。when 连接并列分句。前一分句中主语为Allen，was为系动词，to do so 为表语，表示“将要做某事”。 探索新知 11 · She was about to give up on the math problem when her teacher came over to explain it patiently. 她正要放弃那道数学题时，老师走过来耐心讲解。 · The athlete was about to cross the finish line when he fell. 运动员正要跨过终点线时，突然摔倒了。 探索新知 11 “主语 + be about to do sth. + when...”意为“……即将做某事时突然……”。 be about to do sth. 意为“即将做某事；正要做某事”。表示瞬间性将来动作，不可与时间状语连用。 探索新知 11 $ 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section A 探究一 核心单词 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 11 1 ourselves /aʊə'selvz; ɑː'selvz/ pron. 我们自己(教材P11) · We should believe in ourselves and overcome challenges. 我们要相信自己并克服挑战。 · Let’s enjoy ourselves at the party! 让我们在派对上玩得开心吧！ · They themselves cleaned the classroom carefully. 他们自己认真打扫了教室。 探索新知 11 ourselves pron. 意为“我们自己”，常位于动词或介词之后作宾语，也可以作主语或宾语的同位语。反身代词的详细讲解见本单元语法沙龙。 探索新知 11 2 sore /sɔː(r) / adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的(教材P12) · She gently pressed on the sore muscle in her back. 她轻轻按压背部酸痛的肌肉。 · After running a long distance, my legs are sore. 跑了很长一段距离后，我的腿酸痛。 · I have a sore throat because I talked too much yesterday. 我喉咙痛，因为昨天说得太多了。 探索新知 11 sore adj. 意为“疼痛的；酸痛的”，描述身体部位因受伤、过度使用等产生的疼痛不适感，常用来修饰具体身体部位。可作定语或表语。 “have a sore + 表示身体部位的名词”表示“……痛”。 探索新知 11 3 stomachache /‘stʌməkeɪk/ n. 胃痛；肚子疼 (教材P12) · If you eat too much ice cream, you might get a stomachache. 如果吃太多冰激凌，你可能会胃痛。 · Don’t let him eat too much. He has a stomachache! 不要让他吃太多。他肚子疼！ · Doctors study how different animals’ stomachs digest food. 医生研究不同动物的胃如何消化食物。 探索新知 11 stomachache n. 意为“胃痛；肚子疼”。由“stomach(胃) + ache(疼痛) ”构成。have a stomachache胃痛。 “表示身体部位的名词 + ache”常用来表示“……痛”，类似 的表达还有：(1) head + ache =headache 头痛 (2) tooth + ache =toothache 牙痛 (3) back + ache =backache 背痛 探索新知 11 4 press /pres/ v. 压；按；挤；推(教材P13) · She pressed the button to start the community garden lights. 她按下按钮，点亮社区花园的灯光。 · Press the return key to enter the information. 按回车键录入信息。 · Give the doorbell a firm press. 用力按一下门铃。 · The story was reported by the international press. 这个故事被国际媒体报道了。 探索新知 11 · The team worked under pressure to finish the project on time. 团队顶着压力按时完成了项目。 · We need to push forward with the recycling plan. 我们要推进回收计划。 探索新知 11 press v. 意为“按；压；挤；推”。常见搭配： (1) press sth. down 向下按压某物 (2) press sth. 按压某物 press 还可作名词，意为“按；压；挤；推”，常与a 连用。 作名词，还可意为“出版社、报刊、新闻界”。 pressure n. 压力 探索新知 11 辨析：press 与push press 强调用手指、工具等垂直施加压力，强调“按、压”的静态动作，接触面积较小。 push 意为“推”，侧重用手或身体向前或向外施力，使物体移动，强调“推”的动态动作。 探索新知 11 5 dentist /'dentɪst/ n. 牙科医生(教材P13) · Many dentists offer free dental check-ups to students this month. 本月许多牙医为学生们提供免费的牙齿检查。 · I decided to go to the dentist early to avoid the afternoon crowd. 我决定早点去看牙医以避开下午的人流。 · I had to have two fillings at the dentist’s today. 我今天不得不在牙科诊所补了两颗牙。 探索新知 11 dentist n. 意为“牙科医生”，可数名词。 由dentist 构成的短语有： (1) go to the dentist 去看牙医 (2) at the dentist’s 在牙科诊所 后缀-ist 表示“做……的人；……方面的专家”，类似的词 还有：artist 艺术家、画家 scientist 科学家 探索新知 11 6 avoid /ə'vɔɪd/ v. 避免；防止(教材P13) · She avoids junk food to stay healthy. 她不吃垃圾食品以保持健康。 · Do you know why she is always trying to avoid you? 你知道她为什么总是试图躲开你吗？ · They avoided talking about the topic that made them uncomfortable. 他们避免谈论那个让他们不舒服的话题。 探索新知 11 avoid v. 意为“避免；防止；回避”。常用结构有： (1) avoid sb./sth. 躲避某人/ 某事 (2) avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 探索新知 11 7 ache /eɪk/ n. & v. 疼痛(教材P13) · The ache in his knee made it hard to walk. 他膝盖的疼痛让走路变得困难。 · Sitting at a desk all day gives me a backache. 整天坐在办公桌前让我背痛。 · His feet ached after walking 10 miles. 走了10 英里后，他的脚很疼。 · The loss of her pet brought her weeks of pain. 宠物的离世让她痛苦了好几个星期。 探索新知 11 ache n. 意为“疼痛”。 ache 作名词，还可用于构成“身体部位 + ache”复合名词，如：backache(背痛) 、earache(耳痛) 等。 ache 还可作不及物动词，意为“疼痛”。 探索新知 11 辨析：ache 与pain ache 多指轻微、持续的隐痛，仅用于身体部位的隐痛。可与表示身体部位的名词组合成复合词。 pain 泛指“疼痛”，可强可弱，既可指身体不适， 也可指精神痛苦。 探索新知 11 8 careless /'keələs/ adj. 不小心的；粗心的(教材P13) · He made a careless mistake in the math exam. 他在数学考试中犯了一个粗心的错误。 · She was careless about her appearance today. 她今天对自己的外表不在意。 · Tom is always careless with his schoolwork. 汤姆做作业总是粗心大意。 探索新知 11 careless adj. 意为“不小心的；粗心的”。是由“care(n. 照顾) + -less(形容词后缀) ”构成的。be careless about/with... 对……粗心大意。 -less 表示“缺乏……的”“无……的”用在名词后面构成形容词，类似的词还有：hope + -less =hopeless 无望的 harm + -less = harmless 无害的 careless 的相关词：careful adj. 小心；谨慎(反义词) carelessly adv. 粗心地 carefully adv. 小心地 探索新知 11 9 suffer /'sʌfə(r) / v. 受苦；遭受(教材P13) · They suffered heavy losses in the earthquake. 他们在地震中遭受了重大损失。 · He suffered from a bad cold last week. 他上周患了重感冒。 · She often suffers from stress because of her busy work. 她因为工作繁忙经常承受压力。 · The war brought great suffering to people. 战争给人们带来了巨大的痛苦。 探索新知 11 suffer v. 意为“受苦；遭受”，既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词。 suffer from 受苦；受折磨 suffering n. 痛苦；苦难 探索新知 11 10 test /test/ n. & v. 检查；测验(教材P14) · The doctor ordered some tests to check my health condition. 医生安排了一些检查来检查我的健康状况。 · We will have a math test next Monday. 我们下周一将有一场数学测验。 · I need to take a English test tomorrow. 我明天需要参加英语考试。 探索新知 11 · True friendship can stand the test of time. 真正的友谊能经得起时间的考验。 · They tested the new machine to see if it worked properly. 他们测试了这台新机器，看它是否正常运转。 · The teacher tests us on grammar today. 老师今天考了我们语法。 探索新知 11 test 是可数名词，意为“检查；测验”。常用搭配有： carry out/conduct a test 进行检查 test results 检查结果 have a test 进行测验 take a test 参加测验 pass/fail a test 通过/ 没有通过测验 test 作名词，还可意为“考验”。 test 还可作动词，意为“检查；测验”。 test sb. on sth. 就某事对某人进行测试。 探索新知 11 11 medicine /'medsn/ n. 药；医学(教材P14) · You should take medicine after meals to avoid a stomachache. 你应该饭后服药，避免胃痛。 · This cough medicine tastes a little bitter, but it works well! 这种止咳药尝起来有点苦，但效果很好！ · My sister wants to study medicine in the future to help sick people. 我姐姐未来想学医，帮助病人。 探索新知 11 · My father practises medicine in a rural hospital. 我父亲在一家乡村医院行医。 · They hope to improve the standards of medical care in that area. 他们希望提高那个地区的医疗水平。 探索新知 11 medicine n. 意为“药”，通常是不可数名词，特指某种药时，是可数名词。take/have medicine 吃药。 medicine 作名词，还可意为“医学”，是不可数名词。Study medicine 学习医学；practise medicine 行医。 medicine 对应的形容词为medical，意为“医学的；医疗的”。 探索新知 11 12 description /dɪ'skrɪpʃn/ n. 描写；形容(教材P14) · Can you give a description of the beautiful sunset you saw? 你能描述一下你看到的美丽日落吗？ · The view from the mountain top was beyond description! 山顶的景色美得无法形容！ · The book goes on to describe his experiences in the army. 本书继而描述了他在部队的经历。 探索新知 11 description n. 意为“描写；形容”，是由describe(v. 描述；叙述) + -tion(名词后缀) 构成的。常用短语有： (1) a description of 对……的描述 (2) beyond description 难以描述 -tion 是常见的名词后缀，常用在动词后面，表示“行为；状态”。 类似的词还有：educate→education 教育 act→action 行动 探索新知 11 13 patient /'peɪʃnt/ n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的(教材P14) · Some hospital patients experience high levels of anxiety. 有些住院病人十分焦虑不安。 · The doctor was patient with the anxious child. 医生对这个焦虑的孩子很有耐心。 · Don’t be impatient to finish the task—quality matters. 别急于完成任务，质量重要。 · She taught me to solve math problems with patience. 她教我耐心地解数学题。 · The volunteers patiently waited and helped elderly people register. 志愿者们耐心等待并协助老人登记。 探索新知 11 patient n. 意为“病人”。 patient 还可作形容词，意为“有耐心的”。常用搭配： be patient with sb./sth. 对某人/ 某事有耐心 patient 的词形变化：(1) impatient adj. 没耐心的 (2) patience n. 耐心→with patience 耐心地 (3) patiently adv. 耐心地 探索新知 11 14 knife /naɪf/ n. 刀(教材P15) · The same knife cuts bread and fingers. 水能载舟，亦能覆舟。[谚] · The waiter put a fork and two knives on the dinner table. 服务员把一个叉子和两把刀放在了餐桌上。 knife n. 意为“刀”。其复数形式是将fe变为v再加-es，即knives。 探索新知 11 记忆口诀 以-f(e) 结尾，复数形式为-ves 结尾的词： 树叶(leaf) 半数(half) 自己(self) 黄； 妻子(wife) 拿刀(knife) 去割粮。 架(shelf) 后窜出一只狼(wolf) ； 吓得小偷(thief) 逃命(life) 忙。 探索新知 11 15 clear /klɪə(r) / adj. 清晰的；清楚的v. 清理(教材P15) · The science teacher gave us clear instructions on how to plant trees. 科学老师给了我们关于如何种树的清晰说明。 · You should make it clear that honesty is very important. 你应明确表示诚实很重要。 · The sky cleared up just in time for our outdoor sports day. 天空及时放晴，我们的户外运动会如期举行。 · There was an echo on the line and I couldn’t hear clearly. 电话里有回音，我听不清楚。 探索新知 11 clear adj. 意为“清晰的；清楚的”。常见搭配： (1) make it clear that 把……表达清楚 (2) a clear reply 一个清晰的答复 clear 作形容词，还有以下词义：(1) 晴朗的 (2) 明确的 (3) 清澈的 clear 还可作动词，意为“清理”。常见词组： (1) clear up 使整洁，清理；放晴，变晴朗 (2) clear out 清理 clearly adv. 清楚地；明白地 探索新知 11 16 pain /peɪn/ n. 疼痛；痛苦(教材P15) · No one can understand his pain in his heart. 没有人能够理解他心中的痛苦。 · The patient experienced sudden pains in the chest. 患者突发胸部疼痛。 · He had a pain/pains in his head just now. 刚才他头痛。 · It’s painful to realize you missed the opportunity. 意识到错过机会令人痛苦。 探索新知 11 pain n. 意为“疼痛；痛苦”。既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，指精神或肉体上的痛苦或疼痛。表示“身体某部位疼痛”用“have a pa in/pains in + 身体部位”。 pain + -ful (充满……的；有……性质) → painful，形容词，意思是“令人痛苦的；令人疼痛的”。 探索新知 11 17 environment /ɪn'vaɪrənmənt/ n. 环境(教材P15) · We must take action to protect the environment from pollution. 我们必须采取行动保护环境免受污染。 · A quiet environment is essential for effective studying. 安静的环境对高效学习至关重要。 · Let’s talk about the environmental problems. 让我们谈论一下环境问题。 探索新知 11 environment n. 意为“环境”，指自然环境时，前面常加定冠词the。protect the environment 保护环境。 environment 也可指对人或物有影响的环境，如学习环境、家庭环境等。 environmental adj. 有关环境的 探索新知 11 18 cross /krɒs/ v. 穿越；横过；交叉(教材P15) · The teacher taught us to always look both ways before crossing the road. 老师教我们过马路前一定要左右观察。 · The two lines cross at point A. 两条线在A 点相交。 · Put a cross on the map to show where our school is. 在地图上画个十字，标出我们学校的位置。 探索新知 11 · I came across a group of tourists sightseeing around the ancient town. 我遇到了一群在古镇周围观光的游客。 · The bridge across the river brings great convenience to people on both sides. 这座横跨河流的大桥给河两岸的人们带来了很大便利。 · She told me to turn left at the second crossing. 她告诉我在第二个十字路口左拐。 探索新知 11 cross v. 意为“穿越；横过”。常用于短语cross the road/bridge/river “穿过道路/ 桥梁/ 河流”。 cross 作动词，还可意为“交叉”。 cross 还可作名词，意为“十字形记号；叉字形记号”。 探索新知 11 辨析：cross, across 与crossing cross 动词，意为“横过；越过”。 cross = go across across 介词或副词，意为“横过”。 come across 偶遇 crossing 名词，意为“十字路口”。at the crossing 在十字路口 探索新知 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section A 探究二 核心短语 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 11 1 have a stomachache 胃痛(教材P12) · He will have a stomachache if he eats expired food. 如果他吃了过期的食物，他会胃痛的。 · I can’t sing today because I have a sore throat. 我今天不能唱歌了，因为喉咙痛。 · My head hurts. 我头疼。 · She has a pain in the lower back. 她下背部疼痛。 探索新知 11 have a stomachache 意为“胃痛”，其中have 作及物动词，意为“患病”，此时have 不可用于进行时。 have + a /an +“表示身体部位的名词 + ache”表示患某种 疾病或某身体部位不适，常见的搭配还有： have a headache 头疼 have a toothache 牙疼 探索新知 11 表示“患病”或“……痛”的表达还有： (1) have + a /an + 表示病名的词 have a cold 感冒 have the flu 患流感 have a fever 发烧 (2) have a sore + 表示身体部位的名词 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a sore back 背痛 (3) 表示身体部位的名词 + hurt(s) (4) have a pain + in + the + 表示身体部位的名词 探索新知 11 2 take one’s temperature 给某人量体温(教材P14) · The nurse will take your temperature. 护士会给你量体温。 · She stayed home from work because she had a temperature. 她因发烧请假在家。 take one’s temperature意为“给某人量体温”，其中temperature 作名词，意为“体温”。 have a temperature=have a fever 发烧 探索新知 11 3 stop... from doing 防止……; 阻止……(教材P14) · He held onto the back of the chair to stop himself from falling. 他扶住椅子后背，以免摔倒。 · Recycling helps prevent pollution from destroying our planet. 回收利用有助于防止污染破坏地球。 · Kind words can keep people from feeling lonely. 温暖的话语能避免人们感到孤独。 · The accident was stopped/prevented/kept from happening. 事故被阻止发生。 探索新知 11 stop... from doing 是一个常用短语，意为“防止……；阻止……”。 stop sb./sth. (from) doing sth. = keep sb./sth. from doing sth. = prevent sb./sth. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人/ 某物做某事 特别提醒：keep sb./sth. from doing sth.中的from 不可省略。 上面三个结构用于被动语态时，from 均不可省略。 探索新知 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section A 探究三 核心句式 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 11 We couldn’t enjoy ourselves while our mother was in hospital. 母亲住院期间，我们无法让自己开心起来。（教材P15） 分析结构: 本句为主从复合句，while 引导时间状语从句，表示“在……期间”。主句主语为We，谓语为couldn’t enjoy，宾语为ourselves。从句主语为our mother, 系动词为was，表语为介词短语in hospital。 探索新知 11 · While the children were playing in the park, their parents chatted happily nearby. 孩子们在公园玩耍时，父母们也在附近愉快地聊天。 · While I practiced the piano, my sister prepared dinner. 我练琴时，妹妹在做晚饭。 · While walking home, she found a lost kitten. 走路回家时，她发现了一只走失的小猫。 · When the phone rang, I was reading. 电话响时，我正在读书。 · While technology speeds up life, nature reminds us to slow down. 科技让生活加速，而自然提醒我们放慢脚步。 探索新知 11 while 意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句，强调在从句动作发生的同时，主句动作也在进行；也可以表示从句动作发生时主句动作发生了。从句常用进行时态，且从句谓语要用延续性动词。 当主句主语与从句主语一致时，while 引导的时间状语从句可省略为“while+ 动词-ing”结构。 while 作连词时，还可意为“然而”，表示转折，强调前后之间的对比。 探索新知 11 辨析：while 与when while while 指时间段，引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语动词必须为延续性动词，且常为进行时。 when 表示主句动作发生的特定时间，既可指时间点，也可指时间段。从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作既可同时发生，也可先后发生。 探索新知 11 $ 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section A 自主学习 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 11 1a Match the health problems with the pictures. ____ sore throat ____ stomachache ____ headache ____ toothache ____ backache ____ cut D A E B C F 自主学习 11 1b Listen to four conversations. Write the health problems next to the students. Name Health problem Cause David _______ at a friend’s birthday party Ben fell during a _______ Nancy ate too many _______ Judy talked too much and didn’t _______ a stomachache a backache a toothache a sore throat 自主学习 11 1c Listen again. Find out the cause of each student’s health problem and complete the table in 1b. ate too much Name Health problem Cause David ______________ at a friend’s birthday party Ben fell during a ____________________ Nancy ate too many _________________ Judy talked too much and didn’t ________________ a stomachache a backache a toothache a sore throat football game sweet things drink enough water 自主学习 11 1d Choose one conversation from the listening and role-play it. A: What’s wrong?/What’s the matter?/Are you OK? B: I have a stomachache/ … A: What happened? B: I … 自主学习 11 2a Match the health problems with the things you should do. 1. sore throat A. clean the area and cover it 2. stomachache B. press down on your nose 3. toothache C. rest and drink enough water 4. cut D. drink some water with honey 5. nosebleed E. see a dentist 6. fever F. put something warm on your stomach 1. D 2. F 3. E 4. A 5. B 6. C 自主学习 11 2b Listen to three conversations. Circle the health problems the students have in 2a. Who got some medicine from the school nurse? 1. sore throat A. clean the area and cover it 2. stomachache B. press down on your nose 3. toothache C. rest and drink enough water 4. cut D. drink some water with honey 5. nosebleed E. see a dentist 6. fever F. put something warm on your stomach David got some medicine from the school nurse. 自主学习 11 2c Listen again. Complete the school nurse’s advice for each student. Name Advice David • You shouldn’t _____________ next time. • Avoid ______________ for now as the gas could make the ache worse. eat so much soft drinks 自主学习 11 Name Advice Nancy • You might need an X-ray. • You could eat some __________, but no more _____________. • Remember to __________________ carefully. Jeff • _______________ on your nose. ________ for a few minutes. • You should be __________________ next time. Accidents can happen when we’re careless. soft food sweet things brush your teeth Press down Wait more careful 自主学习 11 2d Work in pairs. Take turns to ask for and give advice for different health problems. headache fever runny nose cough bruised knee A: I’m suffering from/ I have a very bad headache. What can I do? B: You should go to the doctor. You could get some rest for now. 自主学习 11 3a Read the conversation. What’s the matter with Helen? Doctor: Take a seat, Helen. How are you feeling? Helen: Not good... I have a runny nose and a fever. Doctor: Let me take your temperature... Oh, it’s quite high. Helen: Yes, it started yesterday. I felt so cold, and I didn’t have much energy. When I tried to get out of bed, I almost fell and hurt myself. My throat hurts too. 意为“坐下”，相当于sit down/have a seat。 when 引导时间状语从句 She has a runny nose and a fever. 自主学习 11 思考：你还知道哪些表示“也”的表达，它们的用法有什么不同？ 除too外，also，as well，either 也可以表示“也”。too一般用于句末，常用逗号隔开。also通常用于句中，放在实义动词前，be动词、助动词、情态动词后。as well常放句末，不用逗号隔开，用法接近“too”。either只用于否定语境，和“too”对应，表示“也（不）”。 自主学习 11 Doctor: Let’s see. Yes, the back of your throat looks very red. We’ll need to do a test, but I believe you have the flu. It’s flu season. Helen: What should I do, Doctor? Doctor: You should take some medicine and drink enough water. Helen: OK, thank you. Can I go to school tomorrow? 不可数名词，flu 前不用a，而用the。 自主学习 11 Doctor: No, you should rest at home. When you’re outside, please wear a mask. It stops us from passing the flu virus to others easily. Helen: I will! Doctor: And remember, your health is in your hands. If you take good care of yourself, you’ll get better soon. if引导条件状语从句， 遵循“主将从现”原则。 自主学习 11 3b Read again and write notes in the table. Helen’s descriptions of her problems The doctor’s advice She felt so cold, and she didn’t have much energy. When she tried to get out of bed, she almost fell and hurt herself. Her throat hurts too. She should take some medicine and drink enough water. And she should rest at home. When she is outside, she should wear a mask. And she should take good care of herself. 自主学习 11 3c Listen to the conversation. Then role-play it. 自主学习 11 3d Act out a conversation between a doctor and a patient. Use the expressions below to help you. Doctor Patient Asking about injuries/illnesses: How are you feeling? What’s the matter with your…? Does your… hurt? Describing injuries / illnesses: I feel terrible./I don’t feel well. I have... My... hurts. 自主学习 11 -ness是常见的名词后缀，表示“……的性质（或状态、特点）”，常加在形容词后。如：illness是由“ill（adj. 有病的）+-ness”构成的。 自主学习 11 Doctor Patient Giving advice: You should/shouldn’t exercise. Don’t go to school. Asking for advice: Should I stay inside? Can I go to school tomorrow? 自主学习 11 4a Read the sentences. Underline the modal verbs for advice and circle the reflexive pronouns. What’s wrong? I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. You shouldn’t eat so much next time. What’s the matter? I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now. How did you hurt yourself? I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves. 自主学习 11 4b Complete the sentences using the correct reflexive pronouns. 1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by ___________. 2. Be careful when you’re using the knife! Don’t cut ___________. 3. We couldn’t enjoy ______________ while our mother was in hospital. 4. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor ___________. herself yourself ourselves himself 自主学习 11 5. The students are young, but they know how to protect ______________. 6. Her clearest memory is not of the race __________, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day. themselves itself 自主学习 11 4c Complete the passage with should , shouldn’t , or could . Mobile phones are useful, but you ________ use them wisely. To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you _________ rest your eyes and look at something far away. What’s more, you _________ change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. should 意为“此外；更为重要的是”，用于补充或强调某个额外 的信息或观点。通常用于句首，后接逗号。 是由“bright（adj. 明亮的）+-ness 构成”的。 should could 自主学习 11 Of course, you _________ look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly __________ look at it when you cross the road! In fact, you __________ avoid using your phone too often. You __________ listen to music instead of watching videos. You _________ also talk to your friends instead of sending them messages. shouldn’t shouldn’t should could could 自主学习 11 4d Act out an illness or injury. Have the others guess what it is and give advice. · Do you have a sore throat/bad cold/...? · Did you fall from your bike/cut yourself /...? · You should … /You could... 自主学习 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. Section B 自主学习 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 11 1a Discuss the questions. 1. Look at the picture in 1b. Can you describe what is happening? In the picture, it seems that there is a big fire in the pot on the stove. The oil in the pot is burning fiercely, and two people are reacting to this dangerous situation. 自主学习 11 2. Do you know what to do if oil catches fire? If oil catches fire, we shouldn’t pour water on it, because water will make the fire much worse. Instead, we should turn off the gas or electric stove first to cut off the fuel source, and then cover the pot with a lid to cut off the oxygen, so that the fire can be extinguished. 自主学习 11 1b Read the story and find out how the fire started. A Cooking Accident James lived in the city with his friend Allen. It was their first time living away from their families, and they enjoyed learning how to do many things themselves. It is/was one’s first time doing sth.，意为“某人第一次做某事”。 The fire started when James left the overheating oil unattended on the stove while going to the living room to talk to Allen. 自主学习 11 One Saturday, James decided to make fried chicken. First, he poured oil into a pan. Then he turned on the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken. Just then, he heard the front door open, followed by the sound of Allen singing. “Guess what,” Allen called out happily. “We won!” pour... into... 把……倒进…… 形容词形式为happy。 自主学习 11 “No way!” James followed him into the living room. He wanted to hear all about the football game! Suddenly, Allen stopped talking and looked up. “Hey, do you smell something burning?” “Oh no!” 名词短语，意为“不可能；没门”。 自主学习 11 They both rushed back into the kitchen. The pan was on fire! Large flames were jumping into the air. In a panic, James turned off the stove at once. But he was so close to the pan that a flame jumped onto his shirt. James cried out and threw himself to the floor. He put out the fire by rolling on the ground, but the pan was still burning! “Get water, quick!” he shouted. 自主学习 11 Allen was about to do so when he stopped short. Thanks to the first aid and safety classes he took at school, he knew that water could make oil fires much worse! Instead, he ran to the living room to get the fire extinguisher. In seconds, the fire in the burning pan was put out. 意为“突然停住”，为不及物动词短语。还可意为“（做事）中途放弃”，stop short of (doing) sth.“差一点儿没做某事” 长难句分析：这是一个主从复合句。Thanks to...作原因状语，在he knew that water could make oil fires much worse中，主语是he,谓语是knew,宾语是that引导的宾语从句。 自主学习 11 “Are you OK?” Allen asked his friend. “I think so,” James said. It was lucky that his shirt wasn't too thin! His arm was red, but it didn’t hurt very much. “Maybe we should eat out tonight,” James said as he ran cool water over his arm. 指在餐厅、饭店等非家中场 所用餐。take out打包带走。 自主学习 11 “Sure, we could do that. What do you want?” “Anything but fried chicken,” he said sadly. 是由“sad（adj.悲伤的）+-ly（副词后缀）”构成的。 自主学习 11 Which of the following is the best title for the passage? _______ A. A Football Game Celebration B. James’ First Fried Chicken Experience C. A Cooking Accident and Safety Lessons D. Allen’s First Aid Class Practice C 自主学习 11 1c Read the story again. Number the events in the correct order. _____ Allen put out the fire with the fire extinguisher. _____ James followed Allen into the living room. 1 James heated oil on the stove. _____ James rolled on the ground. _____ James turned off the stove. _____ Allen ran to the living room to get the fire extinguisher. _____ James’s shirt caught fire. _____ The pan caught fire. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 自主学习 11 1d Read again. Complete the summary of the story using the details in 1c. Then retell the story. James lived with his friend Allen in the city. One day, he decided to make a meal. He _________________________________________ and prepared some chicken. When Allen returned home, James __________________ to talk about a football game. Suddenly, they smelt smoke and found ______________________. poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove followed him the pan was on fire 自主学习 11 James rushed to ____________________. Unfortunately, his shirt ________________, so he dropped to the ground and ____________________________ until the fire was out. Allen quickly _________________________________________________________ and put out the fire. Luckily, James wasn’t badly hurt. turn off the stove caught fire rolled on the ground ran to the living room to get the fire extinguisher 自主学习 11 Summarizing a text When you summarize a text, you leave out details that are not important and only tell the main points of the story. Summarizing what you read will help you understand and remember the story better. 自主学习 11 1e Discuss the questions. 1. What do you think of James’s and Allen’s actions in the story? James was a bit careless at first (left oil heating), but reacted quickly to turn off the stove. Allen was smart — he could remember what was taught in safety classes and used the extinguisher correctly. 自主学习 11 2. What dos and don’ts did you learn from the story? Dos: Turn off the stove when there’s a fire; Use a fire extinguisher for oil fires. Don’ts: Don’t pour water on oil fires; Don’t walk away when heating oil. 自主学习 11 3. What could start a fire at home? What should we do to keep ourselves safe from harm? （答案不唯一） Things like overusing appliances, unattended cooking, broken wires could start home fires. We should be careful with cooking, check wires, have fire extinguishers, and know escape routes. 自主学习 11 2a What does each suffix in the box mean? Complete the table with the correct suffixes. -self/-selves -less -ache 自主学习 11 ________ (without) ________ (pain) ______________ (a person or thing on their own) colour ________ care ________ harm ________ pain ________ back ____________ head ______________ stomach _____________ tooth ______________ my _________ our ____________ your ___________ your ___________ it __________ them __________ him ____________ her ____________ -less colourless careless harmless painless -ache backache headache stomachache toothache -self/-selves myself ourselves yourself yourselves itself themselves himself herself 自主学习 11 2b Complete the sentences with the correct words in brackets. 1. The little boy fell off his chair and cried out in __________. (pain/ache) 2. If you don’t wear a mask, you might __________ the flu. (have/catch) pain catch 自主学习 11 3. Be careful when you do sport. If you get a(n) __________, you’ll have to rest for some time. (injury/pain) 4. Tom’s ear __________, so the doctor gave him some pills for it. (painful/hurt) 5. Don’t lie down for too long as it could make your back feel __________. (harmful/sore) injury hurt sore 自主学习 11 2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. injury suffer X-ray avoid aid throw colour Kelly looked at her phone. She was late, and her exam was starting in 10 minutes! Suddenly, something hit her hard and __________ her to the ground. threw 自主学习 11 injury suffer X-ray avoid aid throw colour “Are you all right?” the driver cried out. His face was _____________ with fear. But Kelly didn’t say anything. She was _____________ from shock and her arm was bleeding. “Don’t worry. I know first __________! I’ll call for help too!” the driver said. colourless suffering aid 自主学习 11 injury suffer X-ray avoid aid throw colour At the hospital, the doctor checked Kelly’s arm carefully. An __________ showed that her right arm was broken.“ You’re lucky that your __________ wasn’t worse,” said the doctor. “You’re right,” Kelly said. “I’ll ________ looking at my phone while crossing the road next time.” X-ray injury avoid 自主学习 11 3a Read the short story. Retell what happened to a partner. One Saturday, Julie invited Mark and Lucy to her house for lunch. Her parents weren’t home, so they had it all to themselves. They ordered pizza, salad, and juice. But in the middle of the meal, Mark started to feel strange. His face felt warm, and his throat felt tight. "Were there any peanuts in our food?" he asked nervously. “I think I tasted peanuts in the salad,” said Julie. “What’s the matter?” 自主学习 11 “Oh no, I’m allergic to peanuts!” Mark cried. His friends jumped into action and took him to the hospital at once. At the hospital, Mark’s friends told Dr Cooper what happened, and she gave Mark some medicine right away. When Mark felt better, the doctor asked him some questions and gave him some advice. be allergic to sth. 对某物过敏 自主学习 11 “I’ll take better care of myself from now on,” Mark promised. It was a day he would never forget. 意为“从现在开始”，用于表示从某一时刻开始发生或持续进行的动作或状态，通常用于一般将来时，也可用于一般现在时。 自主学习 11 3b Read Dr Cooper’s questions and advice for Mark. Imagine how Mark responded. Make notes. Dr Cooper Mark What happened just now? ate something at my friend’s place; felt strange Do you know what you are allergic to? Peanuts. I found out I was allergic to them when I was a kid. 自主学习 11 Dr Cooper Mark When did you start to feel sick? How much salad did you eat? During the meal, about 10 minutes after I ate the salad. I had two big spoonfuls. 自主学习 11 Dr Cooper Mark What happened after you ate the salad? You should check the ingredients of anything you eat or drink. My face got warm, my throat felt tight, and I was worried I couldn’t breathe. I will. I promise to read labels carefully from now on. 自主学习 11 3c Use your notes in 3b to write a conversation between Dr Cooper and Mark. Mark: Thank you, Dr Cooper. I feel much better now. Dr Cooper: That’s good. What happened just now? Mark: Well, I ate something at my friend's place, and then I started to feel strange. Dr Cooper: Do you know what you were allergic to? Mark: Yes, I… 自主学习 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. Project & Reflecting Unit 2 Stay Healthy 11 Make a health brochure 4a Imagine your school is holding a health awareness event. Work in a group and choose a health problem to focus on. ·food allergy ·toothache ·headache ·backache ·eye strain ·cut ·burn ·_________ 自主学习 11 4b Do some research on the health problem your group chose. Use the questions to help you. ·What causes this health problem? ·How might you feel when you have it? ·Why is it important to deal with it? ·What should we do to treat it and avoid it? ·What other facts do you know about it? 自主学习 11 4c Create a health brochure as a group. Then present it to the class. Vision Care 101 Protect your eyes from DIGITAL EYE STRAIN HOW you may get it: ·Using a phone or computer for a long time WHAT problems you may have: ·Tired eyes ·Dry eyes ·Headache ·Double vision WHY it is important to act now: 自主学习 11 · Eye strain can cause our vision to get worse over time. WHAT you can do: ·Reduce screen time. ·Look away from devices frequently. · Visit an eye doctor if you often suffer from eye strain. Take a 20-second break Every 20 minutes Look at something 20 feet away 自主学习 11 Reflecting 1. Can you identify different health problems? 2. Can you describe how you feel when you are sick? 3. What advice can you give for the health problems covered in this unit? 4. How do you think we can stay healthy and keep ourselves safe? Health is not everything, but you have nothing without it. 自主学习 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. 单元语法 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 11 写出下列句子中的情态动词和反身代词 1. —The cake is delicious. Could I have another one? —Of course, you can. Help yourself, please. _____________________________________________________ 2. Could you write a letter of introduction for me? _____________________________________________________ Could; can; yourself Could 自主学习 11 3. Drivers should avoid using mobile phones while driving to ensure safety. _____________________________________________________ 4. To keep themselves awake, they sat on the floor and told each other stories. _____________________________________________________ 5. To my amazement, the lost dog found its way home by itself. _____________________________________________________ should themselves itself 自主学习 11 考点1 should 的用法 should 作情态动词，后接动词原形，没有人称、时态和数的变化。其否定形式为shouldn’t。变一般疑问句时把should 提前放于句首，回答时仍借助should。具体用法如下： 1. 表示职责或义务，意为“应该；应当”。 · We should respect our elders. 我们应该尊敬长辈。 · Drivers should obey the speed limit. 司机应该遵守限速规定。 一 情态动词should 与could 探索新知 11 2. 表示劝告或提出建议，意为“应该”。 · You should give up smoking. 你应该戒烟。 3. 用于征求意见，常用于第一人称的疑问句中，意为“应该；应当”。 · Should I open the window? 我应该打开窗户吗？ 4. 表示推测，指某事发生的可能性，意为“可能”。 · They should be there by now, I think. 我认为现在他们应该在那儿了。 探索新知 11 考点2 could 的用法 1. 情态动词could 也用于提出建议，比can 语气更委婉。“You could...”意为 “你可以……”。 · Perhaps you could send an email to confirm the meeting time. 或许你可以发封邮件确认会议时间。 2. could 表示过去的能力，表示现在的能力用can，此时could 是can 的过去式。 · He could swim at the age of five. 他五岁时就会游泳。 探索新知 11 3. could 表示推测时，后接动词原形，表示对现在或将来的推测。could 与“have + 过去分词”连用，表示对过去的推测。 · The road could be icy in such cold weather. 这么冷的天，路面可能结冰了。 · If she leaves now, she could arrive by 8 PM. 如果她现在出发，可能晚上8 点前到。 · The package could have arrived yesterday, but no one was at home. 包裹可能昨天就到了，但家里没人。 探索新知 11 拓展：1. could 用于提出要求或请求。“Could you please...?”意为“请你……好吗？”用于提出要求或请求。答语通常为： 肯定回答：Sure! /OK./All right...(当然！ / 好的。/ 可以……) 否定回答：I’m sorry, but ...(抱歉，但是……) · —Could you please pass me the book on the table? 你能把桌子上的书递给我吗？ —Sure! Here you are./I’m sorry, but I’m a bit busy right now. 当然！给你。/ 抱歉，但我现在有点忙。 探索新知 11 2. could 用于请求许可。“Could I...?”意为“我可以……吗？”用于请求对方允许自己做某事。答语通常为：肯定回答：Of course you can! /No problem./Help yourself./Go ahead...(当然！/没问题。/ 请自便。/ 去吧……) 否定回答：I’m afraid not. You can...(恐怕不行。你可以……) /Sorry, you can’t.(对不起，不行。) /You can, but not now...(可以，但不是现在……) · —Could I borrow your pen for a moment? 我能借你的笔用一下吗？ —Of course!/No problem./I’m afraid not. I need it myself. 当然！ / 没问题。/ 恐怕不行。我自己也需要用。 探索新知 11 反身代词是英语中表达“……自己；本身”含义的一类代词，是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称人称代词宾格形式词尾加-self 或-selves 组成的。 二 反身代词 探索新知 11 考点1 反身代词的构成 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself 我自己 yourself 你自己 herself 她自己 himself 他自己 itself 它自己 复数 ourselves 我们自己 yourselves 你们自己 themselves 她/ 他/ 它们自己 探索新知 11 考点2 反身代词的用法： 1. 反身代词作宾语 反身代词可放在及物动词(短语) (或介词的后面作宾语，强调宾语和主语是相同的人或物。常见的后接反身代词作宾语的动词(短语) 有：teach、hurt、enjoy、dress、help、take care of、look after 等。 探索新知 11 · He fell down from the wall and hurt himself. 他从墙上掉下来，伤了自己。 · Students should learn to look after themselves. 学生们应该学会照顾自己。 · The children can finish the puzzle by themselves. 孩子们能自己完成拼图。 探索新知 11 2. 反身代词作同位语 反身代词在句中通常作主语或宾语的同位语，译作“本身；亲自”，表示强调。 · I don’t need any help. I can do it myself. 我不需要任何帮助。我自己能做。(主语同位语) · You can ask Jenny herself. 你可以问问珍妮本人。(宾语同位语) 探索新知 11 3. 反身代词作表语 反身代词放在be 动词、feel、look、seem 等系动词后作表语，可以用来描述身体或精神状态。 · She was not herself yesterday. 她昨天感到不舒服。 探索新知 11 考点3 反身代词常用于以下短语 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 hurt oneself 伤着自己 teach oneself 自学 dress oneself 自己穿(衣服等) introduce oneself 介绍自己 help oneself to... 随便吃/ 喝…… say to oneself 自言自语 by oneself 独自 · The little boy is old enough to dress himself. 这个小男孩足够大，能自己穿衣服了。 · He goes to school by himself every day. 他每天独自去上学。 探索新知 11 一 单项选择 1. [江苏南京中考] Self-driving cars are smart enough to follow traffic rules and park ______. A. they B. their C. them D. themselves D 对点突破 11 2. ______ you turn down the TV, please? I’m trying to work. A. Could B. Must C. Might D. Should 3. Little Mary was proud of ______ because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online. A. herself B. hers C. she D. her A A 对点突破 11 4. You ______ eat too much food before you go to bed, because it’s bad for you. A. can B. could C. shouldn’t D. would 5. [江苏无锡中考] Shh...! This is a library. You ______ keep your voice down. A. can B. can’t C. should D. shouldn’t C C 对点突破 11 二 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 6. [北京师大附中开学考] Be more active in class so that you can improve your ability to express _________ (you) . 7. —Mom, could you please help me wash my clothes? —Harry, you are a teen now. You can do it by ________ (you) . yourself yourself 对点突破 11 8. [江苏扬州中考] Some tourists fall in love with Yangzhou ______ (it) rather than just its tourist attractions. 9. —Where did you get the toy car? —From Betty. She made it ______ (she) . 10. —My best friend is more popular than me. I want to be like him. —It’s not necessary to be the same. You should just be ________ (you) . itself herself yourself 对点突破 11 三 根据汉语意思完成句子 11. 如果累了，你可以先休息半小时再继续工作。 If you’re tired, you _______ _______ a 30-minute break before continuing working. could take 对点突破 11 12. [安徽合肥包河区期中] —请问我能看电视吗？ —是的，你能。 —_______ I watch TV? —Yes, you _______. 13. 我想知道我们接下来应该去哪里。 I wonder where we _______ go _______. Could can should next 对点突破 11 14. [湖北黄石联考] 我们应该帮助拯救鲨鱼。 We _______ _______ save the sharks. 15. [湖南长沙长郡集团月考] 你不应该等到最后一分钟才准备考试。 You _______ wait _______ the last minute to study for a test. should help shouldn’t until 对点突破 11 讲课人： 时间：202X. 单元写作 写如何保持健康与安全的文章 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 11 写作维度 本单元的写作项目是“如何保持健康和安全”，相关内容包含以下几个方面：(1) 描述生病或不适时的症状(2) 描述意外事故对人体造成的伤害(3) 不同场景的急救知识(4) 治疗和康复措施及建议。 单元写作 11 写作支架/ 模板 写如何保持健康与安全的文章 开篇点题：点明身体问题及原因 针对问题提出具体的建议 总结全文，表达想法 单元写作 11 黄金语料(从教材内外积累好句) 开头段 ① I’m sorry to hear that you don’t feel well these days. ② I know you have a bad cold, a cough and a fever. ③ To stay healthy, I have a couple of suggestions for you. 单元写作 11 中间段 ① First, it’s necessary for us to keep a balanced diet. ② We should eat more vegetables and fruits which contain lots of vitamins and less fat. ③ We could also try to eat less meat. ④ What’s more, keeping a positive attitude to our life is good for our health. ⑤ Second, we’d better have meals regularly. Last but not least, we are supposed to help to reduce food waste. ⑥ He shouldn’t use the computer for a long time. 单元写作 11 结尾段 ① In short, health is so important to us that we should try our best to lead a healthy life. ② If we follow these ways, I am sure we can keep healthy. ③ I think that if he has a good rest, he will feel well soon. 单元写作 11 经典例题(从经典例题中学会审题) 暑假中，Leo喜欢玩手机游戏，最近他的脖子有点难受。 假如你是Leo的朋友Denny，请你写一封信，帮Leo分析一下他的问题，并就此提出几点建议。提示：(1) 久坐不动有害健康；(2) 注意休息；(3) 适当增加锻炼。 要求：词数不少于80；开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 审体裁:应用文 审时态:一般现在时 审人称:第二人称 审要点:分析问题、提出建议 单元写作 11 Dear Leo, I am sorry to hear about your problems. ________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ If you follow all these tips, you’ll be better soon! Yours truly, Denny 单元写作 11 精彩范文展示 Dear Leo, I am sorry to hear about your problems. As we know, health is very important to all of us. You shouldn’t play mobile phone games all the time. It is harmful to sit in the same way for too long without moving. ① You shouldn’t eat so much next time. (教材P15) 单元写作 11 Since you have some problems with your neck, you should play fewer mobile phone games first. Then you should take breaks every 30 minutes. Besides, exercise can help you keep healthy. So try to take more exercise. If you still have a bad neck pain, you should see a doctor. If you follow all these tips, you’ll be better soon! Yours truly, Denny ② You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. (教材P15) 单元写作 11 【亮点词块】 all the time 总是 have some problems with ……有问题 take breaks 休息 单元写作 11 【高分句子】 It is harmful to sit in the same way for too long without moving. (It is + adj. +to do做某事是……的。) 长时间以同一姿势坐着不动是有害的。 Since you have some problems with your neck, you should play fewer mobile phone games first.(since引导原因状语从句) 既然你的脖子有些问题，你应该先少玩些手机游戏。 单元写作 11 实战演练 健康是幸福生活的基石，青少年的健康更加受到家庭、学校乃至全社会的关注。假如你是你们学校的健康达人，应校英语俱乐部的邀请，你将给所有成员做一个有关“The importance and secrets of keeping healthy”的报告。请参考下面的提示，完成报告。 提示：enough exercise；regular life；a balanced diet 单元写作 11 要求： 1. 80 词左右。开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 所给提示仅供参考，需适当发挥； 3. 文中不得使用真实的姓名与校名。 Dear Friends, It’s a great honor to speak here. My topic is “The importance and secrets of keeping healthy.” __________________________________ Thanks for listening. 单元写作 11 范文参考 Dear Friends, It’s a great honor to speak here. My topic is “The importance and secrets of keeping healthy”. It is well known that health is the foundation of everything. With a healthy body, we are more likely to lead a happy life. So it is important for us to keep healthy. First of all, we should take enough exercise every day to build up our body. 单元写作 11 What’s more, it is necessary for us to live a regular life. For example, if we get up early, we can breathe fresh air, which is good for our health. Thirdly, keeping a balanced diet is also a good way to keep healthy. In short, health is so important to us that we should try our best to lead a healthy life. Thanks for listening. 单元写作 11 $