Unit 2 课本知识预习+巩固练习（导学案）六年级英语寒假自学课（译林版三起）

寒假预习副本开启，知识宝藏等你挖～ 译林版三起六年级寒假自学课 Unit 2 单元知识整合 一、必会词汇 四会 habit 习惯 finish 完成 never 从不 tidy 干净的,整齐的 late 迟,晚 fast 快地 三会 bad 不好的,坏的 slowly 慢速地 sleepy困的,困倦的 badly 差地,不好 二、重点短语 many good habits 许多好习惯 get up early 早早地起床 never go to bed late 从不晚睡 go into 走进,走人 put his things in order 把他的东西整理得井井有条 brush one's teeth 刷牙 finish one's homework 完成家庭作业 listen to his teachers 听他老师的话 before bedtime 睡觉前 help his parents 帮助他的父母 know sb. well 对某人很了解 walk slowly 走得慢 do well at home 在家做得好 have breakfast on time 准时吃早餐 feel sleepy 感到困倦 last night 昨夜 run through the grass 奔跑穿过草地 sing badly 唱得不好 show ... around ...带……参观…… run very fast 跑得很快 on the floor 在地板上 pick one card 挑选一张卡片 三、核心句型 1. He gets up early in the morning and never goes to bed late.他早上起床早并且从来不晚睡。 2. He brushes his teeth in the morning and before bedtime.他早晨和睡觉前刷牙。 3. At home, Wang Bing always puts his things in order.在家里,王兵总是把他的东西整理得井井有条。 【提醒】put ...in order 意为“把……整理得井井有条”,put后面可以接名词或代词,如果接的是代词,则要用其宾格形式。 4. He usually finishes his homework before dinner.他通常在晚饭之前完成家庭作业。 5.He listens to his teachers at school. 他在学校听老师的话。 6. He also does well at home. 他在家也做得好。 7. He sometimes feels sleepy in the morning.他有时在早上感到困倦。 8. Wang Bing knows Liu Tao well. 王兵很了解刘涛。 9.You shouldn't go to bed late,Liu Tao.你不应该晚睡,刘涛。 10.Tina's friends come to see her. 蒂娜的朋友们来看她。 11.Let me show you around our house.让我带你们参观我们的房子。 12. They go into the living room.他们走进客厅。 四、重难点突破 1. 频度副词的用法 概念 频度副词用来表示事情发生的频率，即某事多长时间发生一次。always、usually、often、sometimes 和 never都属于频度副词。always 意为“总是”,usually 意为“通常”，often 意为“经常”，sometimes 意为“有时”，never 意为“从不”。 位置 频度副词一般位于实义动词的前面，be动词/助动词/情态动词的后面 常见频度副词 表示的频率 例句 1.I always have breakfast on time.我总是准时吃早饭。 2. We usually finish our homework before dinner.我们通常在晚饭前完成作业。 3. They often do their homework in the evening.他们经常在晚上做作业。 4.He sometimes feels sleepy in the morning.他有时在上午感到困倦。 5. He never goes to bed late.他从不晚睡。 【进阶训练】一、单项选择。 ( )1. He does well in his study, but ________ he's not very careful. A.sometimes B.usually C.never ( )2.Nancy lives far away from her school.But she is _______ late. A. often B. always C. never ( )3.I ________ eat sweets because I think they are bad for my teeth. A. Never B.often C.always ( )4.He _______ does his homework first after school. He never plays first after school. A.usually B. sometimes C. never ( )5. My mother likes reading. She ________ reads after dinner. A. often B.never C. doesn't 1.答案：A 解析：“sometimes（有时）” 符合 “学习好但有时不细心” 语境；“usually（通常）” 与 “but” 转折逻辑不符；“never（从不）” 也不符合语义 。 2.答案：C 解析：“Nancy 住得离学校远，但…… 迟到”，“never（从不）” 体现转折后 “不迟到” 意思；“often（经常）”“always（总是）” 与 “but” 转折矛盾 。 3.答案：A 解析：“因为觉得对牙齿不好”，所以 “never（从不）” 吃甜食；“often（经常）”“always（总是）” 不符合因对牙齿不好而有的行为逻辑 。 4.答案：A 解析：“他从不放学后先玩”，说明 “usually（通常）” 先做作业；“sometimes（有时）” 不能体现与 “never plays first” 对应的常规行为；“never（从不）” 与后文矛盾 。 5.答案：A 解析：“妈妈喜欢阅读”，所以 “often（经常）” 饭后阅读；“never（从不）” 与 “喜欢阅读” 矛盾；“doesn't” 语法和语义都不通（主语是 she，若用否定需 “doesn't read”，且不符合 “喜欢阅读” 语境 ）。 2. good和 well,bad和badly的用法区别 一、good 和 well的用法区别 词性 good 是形容词，作定语或表语。例:He is a good boy.他是个好孩子。 (1)well通常是副词,用来修饰动词、副词或者形容词,表示程度或方式等。 例:He can swim well.他游泳游得好。 (2)well也可以作为形容词使用,通常只用在健康方面,表示“身体健康的” 例:She isn't feeling well today.她今天感觉不舒服。 用法 (1)当good在句中用作表语时,其后可接介词,例:be good for(对……有益);be good at(擅长……) (2)常作为礼貌用语或敬语用在打招呼中,例:Good morning.早上好 (1)well可以用作实义动词之后的状语,如果是及物动词则要放在直接宾语之后 (2)well还可以表示强调语气,相当于very的用法。 2、 bad 和 badly的用法区别 词性 bad 是形容词，意为“坏的，糟糕的，差的，严重的 例:(1)The weather is so bad.天气太糟糕了。 (2)He has got a bad cold.他患上了严重的感冒。 badly 是副词，意为“不好地，差”。 例:The students perform badly in the exam.学生们在这次考试中表现得不好。 用法 badly是形容词bad的副词形式，通常用来修饰动词。 例:I study maths badly.我数学学得不好。 【进阶训练】一、单项选择。 ( )1. He did his work _______.His teacher was happy with him. A. good B. well C. badly ( )2.He was ________ at English. He did _______ in it. A.good; good B. good; well C. well; good ( )3.You shouldn't do ________ things at school. A. good B.well C.bad ( )4. He is a _______ player and he plays football _______. A. good; well B. good; good C. well; good ( )5.The man sings ________.Nobody is listening to him. A. bad B. well C. badly 1.答案：B 解析：修饰动词 “did” 用副词，“well（很好地 ）” 是副词；“good（好的 ）” 是形容词，“badly（糟糕地 ）” 不符合 “老师开心” 语境 。 2.答案：B 解析：“be good at（擅长…… ）” 是固定短语，第一空用 “good”；“do well in（在…… 方面做得好 ）” 是固定短语，第二空用 “well” 。 3.答案：C 解析：修饰名词 “things” 用形容词，“不应该做…… 事”，“bad（坏的 ）” 符合语义；“good（好的 ）” 语义不符，“well（很好地 ）” 是副词不能修饰名词 。 4.答案：A 解析：修饰名词 “player” 用形容词 “good（好的 ）”；修饰动词 “plays” 用副词 “well（很好地 ）” 。 5.答案：C 解析：修饰动词 “sings” 用副词，“没人听” 说明唱得 “badly（糟糕地 ）”；“bad（坏的 ）” 是形容词，“well（很好地 ）” 语义不符 。 知识演练场 一、单项选择题。 1．Sam does well in ______ table tennis. (    ) A．plays B．playing C．to play 2．He always _____ his homework before dinner, but yesterday he _____. (    ) A．finishes; doesn’t B．finishes; didn’t C．finished; didn’t 3．—_____ bedroom is it? (    ) —It’s my brother’s. It is big but dirty. A．Whose B．Who’s C．What’s 4．Mike’s bedroom is __________. He should clean it now. (    ) A．clean and tidy B．messy and dirty C．nice and beautiful 5．I watched a film with my sister yesterday. I felt __________, but my sister was excited about it. (    ) A．sleepy B．thirsty C．hungry 6．____ beautiful flowers! (    ) A．What B．Where C．How many 7．Miss Li is ______ English teacher, and she teaches English ______. (    ) A．an; good B．an; well C．a; well 8．—________ bedroom is this? (    ) —It’s ________. A．Whose; your cousin B．Who’s; your cousin’s C．Whose; your cousin’s 9．We should have our meals(用餐) ______. (    ) A．very early B．very late C．on time 10．We should keep our schoolbags ______. (    ) A．clean and tidy B．dirty and messy C．big and clean 二、填空题 （A）根据首字母提示完成句子 1．I went to bed late yesterday. I felt s in class. 2．Wang Bing is a good c . He does well at home and at school. 3．—Would you like to wait for me? I can f my work before lunchtime. —Sure. 4．To keep healthy and slim, the dancer n eats too much in her meals. 5．The boy is very sad because he does b in the exam. （B）用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Wang Bing knows his teacher (good). 2．Milly often (finish) her homework at school, but Mike (do). 3．Willy doesn’t go to bed early, he sometimes feels (sleep) in the morning. 4．Look, Billy (swim). 5．We must (is) quiet in the classroom. （C）选词填空 brush one's teeth     go to bed late      feel sleepy listen to the teachers       do one's homework 1．My sister never late at night. She usually finishes it before dinner. 2．He often because he goes to bed late at night. 3．The naughty boy never at school. He does badly at school. 4．Duoduo has a good habit. He in the morning and before bedtime. 5．We last night, because we watched the Olympic Games. 三、句型转换 1．Peter did well at home. (改为否定句) Peter well at home. 2．Helen is good at Maths. (改为同义句) Helen well Maths. 3．She usually goes fishing on Sundays. (对划线部分提问) she usually on Sundays ? 4．We should listen to teachers in class. (改为一般疑问句) listen to teachers in class? 5．Tom put books on the shelf yesterday. (改成一般疑问句) Tom books on the shelf yesterday? 四、阅读对话，根据提示完成对话，并将其序号填入横线上，其中有一项为多余。 John Is an American boy. Now he is chatting with his e-friend Li Yi on the Internet.   John: Hi, Li Yi. Why did you get up so late today. Li Yi: 1 John: Why? 2 Li Yi: No. I usually finish my homework at school. John: Oh, really? 3 Li Yi: At 4: 50. John: That’s great! What do you do after school? Li Yi: 4 . And I always read English for 20 minutes. John: Wow, you really do well at home. What do you do then? Liu Tao: I usually read some stories before bedtime. Last night I read a very interesting story and I forgot (忘记) the time. John: 5 It’s bad for your eyes. Li Yi: You’re right. I’ll take your advice. (建议). A．I usually play basketball with my father. B．Because I went to bed late last night. C．You shouldn’t read books and go to bed too late. D．Did you have much homework? E．When do you usually go home every day? F．Did you go to bed late last night? 五、阅读选择 It is important for us to have enough sleep. A new report says a lack (缺少) of sleep lets us be in bad health. It also says it’s more important for women to have enough sleep. They made a survey (调查) of 4,100 British men and women. 45% of the women surveyed said they did not get enough sleep.35% of the men said they did not sleep well. Women were also more prone to wake up than men during the night, Doctors say that feeling tired because of a lack of sleep is bad. But many women don’t know about the dangers. Only a quarter of them go to see a doctor about sleeplessness (失眠). John Stradling, a doctor, said, “Women usually think that feeling tired is usual. But in fact, it could be something serious (严重的).” He said that it was important for everyone to sleep enough and well. Sleeplessness is bad for our hearts. If you can’t sleep well, you should go to see the doctor, or you may be in great danger. 1．The passage mainly tells us that ________. (    ) A．it’s important for women to have enough sleep B．it’s important for people to have enough sleep C．doctors can help us to have a good sleep D．sleeplessness is really bad for our hearts 2．________ of the British women didn’t get enough sleep. And ________ of the British men didn’t sleep well. (    ) A．41%; 45% B．45%; 35% C．45%; 55% D．41%; 35% 3．The underlined phrase “prone to” means “________”. (    ) A．艰难的 B．希望的 C．反对的 D．容易的 4．What does Stradling think of feeling tired? (    ) A．Something usual. B．Something difficult. C．Something serious. D．Something interesting. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? (    ) A．A lack of sleep is not bad for our bodies. B．Women didn’t wake up during the night. C．Men usually think that feeling tired is usual. D．Sleeplessness does harm to our bodies. 参考答案与解析 一、1．B 【详解】句意：萨姆打乒乓球打得很好。本题考查动词的形式，in是介词，后面的动词用动名词形式，playing是play的动名词，故选B。 2．B 【详解】句意：他总是晚饭前完成作业，但昨天他没有完成。本题考查时态辨析，动词的形式和助动词。根据句意可知第一句是一般现在时，主语He是单数，后面的动词用第三人称单数形式finishes；根据yesterday昨天，可知句子是一般过去时，助动词用didn’t。故选B。 3．A 【详解】句意：—它是谁的卧室？—它是我哥哥/弟弟的。它又大又脏。本题考查疑问词。Whose谁的，Who’s是谁，What’s是什么，根据答语可知问句问谁的，故选A。 4．B 【详解】句意：迈克的卧室是____。他现在应该打扫它。本题考查形容词辨析。A又干净又整洁，B又乱又脏，C漂亮的。根据后句可知应是又乱又脏，故选B。 5．A 【详解】句意：昨天我和我的姐姐(妹妹)一起看电影。我感到困了，但是我姐姐(妹妹)对此感到兴奋。本题考查形容词辨析。A困倦的，B口渴的，C饥饿的。根据句意可知是困倦的。故选A。 6．A 【详解】句意：多漂亮的花啊！本题考查感叹句。根据感叹号和句子结构，可知句子是what引导的感叹句，故选A。 7．B 【详解】句意：李老师是一名英语老师，她教英语教得很好。本题考查不定冠词和副词的用法。English以元音音素开头，前面用an修饰，第二个空填副词well好，修饰动词。故选B。 8．C 【详解】句意：—这是____卧室？—它是____。本题考查疑问词和名词所有格。Whose谁的；Who’s谁是；your cousin你的表兄弟(姐妹)；your cousin’s你的表兄弟(姐妹)的，名词所有格。根据句意可知问句用Whose提问；第二空用名词所有格。故选C。 9．C 【详解】句意：我们应该按时用餐。本题考查介词固定搭配。A很早，B很晚，C按时，选项C符合句意，故选C。 10．A 【详解】句意：我们应该保持我们的书包___________。本题考查形容词短语。A又干净又整洁的，B又脏又乱的，C又大又干净的。A符合题意，故选A。 二、（A）1．sleepy 【详解】句意：我昨天睡得晚。我在课堂上感到很困倦。本题考查形容词的用法。根据句意及首字母，可知单词为sleepy困倦的，形容词，作felt的表语，故答案为sleepy。 2．child 【详解】句意：王兵是一个好孩子。他在家和在学校都做得很好。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。根据句意及所给字母可知考查单词child孩子，根据a可知该空用单数，故答案为child。 3．finish 【详解】句意：—你愿意等我吗？我能在午饭前完成我的工作。—当然。本题考查动词的形式，根据句意和所给首字母可知是单词finish完成，情态动词can后跟动词原形，故答案为finish。 4．never 【详解】句意：为了保持健康和苗条，这个舞蹈家从来不吃太多。本题考查频率副词。根据首字母和句意可知本题考查单词never，频率副词，从来不，符合题意，故答案为never。 5．badly 【详解】句意：这个男孩很伤心，因为他考试不及格。本题考查副词的用法。根据句意及首字母，可知单词为badly差，副词，修饰动词，故答案为badly。 （B）1．well 【详解】句意：王兵很了解他的老师。本题考查副词的用法，knows是动词，要用副词来修饰，good的副词是well，故答案为well。 2．finishes doesn’t 【详解】句意：Milly经常在学校完成作业，但Mike不。本题考查动词的形式和助动词。finish动词，完成，根据often可知时态是一般现在时，主语Milly是第三人称单数，动词finish用第三人称单数finishes。do助动词，but表示转折，后半句是否定句，主语Mike是第三人称单数，否定句的助动词用doesn’t，故答案为finishes；doesn’t。 3．sleepy 【详解】句意：威利不早睡，他早上有时感到困倦。本题考查形容词的用法。feel为系动词，后需接形容词作表语，表示状态。sleep的形容词形式为sleepy困倦的。故答案为sleepy。 4．is swimming 【详解】句意：看，比利在游泳。本题考查be动词作助动词和动词的形式。句子以“Look”开头，提示动作正在发生，需用现在进行时，用be动词+动词现在分词。主语“Billy”是第三人称单数，be动词用is，动词swim的现在分词为swimming故答案为is swimming。 5．be 【详解】句意：我们必须在教室里保持安静。本题考查动词的形式。must后跟动词原形，故答案为be。 （C）1．does her homework 2．feels sleepy 3．listens to the teachers 4．brushes his teeth 5．went to bed late 【解析】1．句意：我妹妹从不熬夜______。她通常在晚饭前完成。do one's homework做作业，符合语境，主语My sister是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词do要用第三人称单数形式does；sister是女孩，所以要用形容词性物主代词her修饰homework，故答案为does her homework。 2．句意：他经常______因为他睡得很晚。feel sleepy感到困，符合语境，主语He是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词feel要用第三人称单数形式feels，故答案为feels sleepy。 3．句意：这个淘气的男孩在学校从不______。他在学校表现很差。listen to the teachers听老师的话，符合语境，主语The naughty boy是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词listen 要用第三人称单数形式listens，故答案为listens to the teachers。 4．句意：多多有个好习惯。他在早上和睡觉前______。brush one's teeth刷牙，符合语境，主语He是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词brush要用第三人称单数形式brushes；他是个男孩，所以teeth前要用形容词性物主代词his修饰，故答案为brushes his teeth。 5．句意：我们昨晚______，因为我们看了奥运会。go to bed late睡得晚，符合语境。由last night可知句子时态是一般过去时，所以谓语动词go要用过去式went，故答案为went to bed late。 三、1．didn’t do 【详解】原句句意：彼得在家做得很好。本题考查句型转换。原句谓语动词did是过去式，改为否定句，助动词用didn’t，didn’t后跟动词原形，did的原形是do，故答案为didn’t，do。 2．does in 【详解】句意：海伦擅长数学。本题考查句型转换。be good at = does well in擅长，故答案为does；in。 3．What does do 【详解】原句句意：她通常在星期天去钓鱼。本题考查句型转换。划线部分是做的事情，用what提问，句子是一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，助动词用does，后面用动词原形do做，故答案为What，does，do。 4．Should you 【详解】句意：上课我们应该听老师讲课。本题考查句型转换，根据句意可知该句是陈述句，变为一般疑问句，情态动词should提前，we变为you，故答案为Should；you。 5．Did put 【详解】句意：汤姆昨天把书放到了书架上。本题考查句型转换，根据句意可知该句是陈述句，时态为一般过去时，句中有实义动词put，变为一般疑问句，借助助动词did，put用原形，故答案为Did；put。 四、1．B 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要是谈论李毅睡觉晚的原因及放学后的活动的一段对话。 1．上句句意：你为什么今天起这么晚？可知这句说原因，选项B“因为我昨晚睡觉晚了。”符合语境，故选B。 2．下句句意：不。我通常在学校完成作业。可知这句问有很多作业吗，选项D“你有很多作业吗？”符合语境，故选D。 3．下句句意：在四点五十。可知这句问通常什么时候回家，选项E“你每天通常什么时候回家？”符合语境，故选E。 4．上句句意：你放学后做什么？可知这句说具体做的事情，选项A“我通常和爸爸打篮球。”符合语境，故选A。 5．下句句意：这对你的眼睛不好。可知这句建议不应该因为读书太晚睡觉，选项C“你不应该看书并且睡觉太晚。”符合语境，故选C。 五、1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．D 【分析】1．句意：这篇文章主要告诉我们____。根据It is important for us to have enough sleep. 对我们来说有足够的睡眠是很重要的。故选B。 2．句意：________的英国女性睡眠不足。和________的英国男性睡得不好。根据They made a survey of 4,100 British men and women. 45% of the women surveyed said they did not get enough sleep.35% of the men said they did not sleep well. 他们对4100名英国人进行了调查。45%的受访女性表示，她们睡眠不足。35%的男性说他们睡得不好。故选B。 3．句意：带下划线的词组"prone to"的意思是___。根据Women were also more prone to wake up than men during the night.女性在夜间也比男性更容易醒来。故选D。 4．句意：斯特拉德林是如何看待疲劳的呢？根据. John Stradling, a doctor, said, “Women/ usually think that feeling tired is usual. But in fact, it could be something serious .” He said that it was important for everyone to sleep enough and well. Sleeplessness is bad for            our hearts. If you can’t sleep well, you should go to see the doctor, or you may be in great danger.医生约翰·斯特拉德林说:“女人通常认为感到疲倦是很平常的事。他说，对每个人来说，睡眠充足和良好很重要。失眠对我们的心脏有害。如果你不能睡得好，你应该去看医生，否则你可能会处于巨大的危险中。故选C。 5．句意：哪一个是正确的？根据A缺乏睡眠对我们的身体并没有坏处。B女性在夜间不会醒来。C男人通常认为感觉累是正常的。D失眠对我们的身体有害。根据A new report says a lack of sleep lets us be in bad health.一份新的报告称缺乏睡眠会让我们的健康状况不佳。可知A错误。根据Women were also more prone to wake up than men during the night.女性在夜间也比男性更容易醒来。可知B错误。根据Women            usually think that feeling tired is usual.女人通常认为感到疲倦是很平常的事。可知C错误。根据A new report says a lack of sleep lets us be in bad health.一份新的报告称缺乏睡眠会让我们的健康状况不佳。可知D正确，故选D。 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $