专题08 名词、数词、冠词考点归纳-九年级英语人教版

专题08 名词、数词、介词、连词、冠词考点归纳 名词考点 考点1. Germany的用法 用法分析 Germany为名词，意为“德国”。 德国是一个欧洲国家。Germany is a European country. 要点拓展 German做形容词，意为“德国的；德语的；德国人的”；做名词，意为“德语；德国人”。 They are Germans, come from Germany and they can speak German.他们是德国人，来自德国，他们会说德语。 注意 German故“德语”讲时，为不可数名词。German 故“速国人”讲时，为可数名词，复数为Germans。 小提示 以-an结尾的国人的复数，在词尾加-s，如Americans（美国人），Australians（澳大利亚人），Italians（意大利人）等。 Many foreigners came to our school last week, including three ______ and four______. A. German；American B. Germans；American C. Germans；Americans D. German；Americans 考点2.所有格的特殊用法 用法分析 Uncle Bob’s相当于Uncle Bob’s restaurant，当名词所有格限定的是表示住宅、诊所、商店等的名词时，该名词通常省略。 他们正在理发店理发。They are cutting their hair at the barber’s（shop）。 要点拓展 如果所指人或物为两人或几个人所共有，所有格只在最后一个人名后加’s；如果所指人或物为各自所有，则在每个人名后加s。 This is Lucy and Lily’s room.这是露西和莉莉的房间。（两人共有） Those are Jim’s and Sam’s footballs.那些是吉姆和萨姆的足球。（各自所有） 中考特殊考点 以-s结尾的复数名词后面加撇号；如果不是以-s结尾的复数名词，其后仍加’s，如the twins’ room 双胞胎的房间；children’s shoes童鞋。 -Whose jackets are these？ -They are ______. They said they lost them yesterday. A. ours B. LiLei and Li Tao’s C. LiLei’s and Li Tao’s 考点3.have difficulty in sth.的用法 用法分析 have difficulty in sth.表示“在某方面有困难”。have difficulty（in）doing sth.表示“做某事很困难、费劲”，相当于have problems/trouble（in）doing sth.，介词in是可以省略的，problems/difficulty/trouble前面可以加修饰词some，a little，great，no，a lot of等。 许多国家在经济方面遇到了困难。Many countries have difficulty in the economic sphere. I have difficulty in learning English.我学英语有困难。 -I’m Daisy, not Jessie. -Sorry, I have difficulty ______ people’s names. A. remembering B. remember C. to remember D. remembered 考点4. take pride in的用法 用法分析 take pride in意为“为……感到骄傲、自豪”，后接让人引以为傲的对象，相当于be proud of，意为“因……而自豪，为……感到骄傲”。pride是名词“骄傲”；proud是形容词“骄傲的”。 这位年轻妈妈因为她聪明的儿子而感到自豪。 The young mother took pride in her clever son. =The young mother was proud of her clever son. 固定搭配 （1）be proud to do sth.以做某事为自豪。 She is proud to be a member of this organization.她以属于这个组织而感到自豪。 （2）be the pride of是……的自豪、骄傲。 He is the pride of his parents.他是父母的骄傲。 选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项 We, Chinese people, are proud of the Great Wall. A. take pride in B. take action on C. take a look at D. take part in 考点5.to be honest的用法 用法分析 to be honest是动词不定式短语，相当于to tell (you) the truth或者honestly speaking，常放于句首、句中或句末，做插入语。类似的短语还有to be exact（确切地说）等。 说实话，我不是自己做的这件事。To be honest, didn't do it by myself. 说实在的，这是我曾读过的最好的书之一。 To be honest, it was one of the best books that I've ever read. 考点拓展 （1）honest为形容词，意为“诚实的，老实的”，honest一词中h不发音，发音以元音音素/ɒ/开头，若前面用不定冠词要用an，其反义词为dishonest“不诚实的”。 他勤奋老实。He is hard-working- and honest man. （2） honest adj. 诚实的；老实的 1. dishonest adj. 不诚实的 2. honesty n. 诚实 3. honestly adv. 诚实地，正直地 —Good news! You've passed the PE test. —Hooray! , I' m worrying about it. A. All in all B. To be honest C. Without doubt D. In my opinion 考点6.辨析 noise，voice，sound noise 常指不悦耳的声音，如噪音、杂音、吵闹声等，可用a lot of，much等词（组）修饰。 voice 多指人的说话声、笑声、歌声等。 sound 含义较广，泛指人能听到的一切声音，不带有任何褒贬色彩。 I don’t like so much noise.我不喜欢这么吵闹。 The girl has a beautiful voice.那个女孩嗓音很美。 词形转换 noise n.噪音 noisy adj.吵闹的；喧闹的 There are many noisy students in the noisy classroom.乱哄哄的教室里有许多吵闹的学生。 Betty has a beautiful ______. She wants to be a singer in the future. A. voice B. look C. noise D. sound 考点7.“数词-year-olds”的用法 用法分析 sixteen-year-olds意为“16岁的青少年”。“数词-year-olds”表示“……岁的人”，复数概念，做主语时谓语用复数形式。 年满18岁的人应该懂得什么事情能做，什么事情不能做。Eighteen-year-olds should know what they can do and what they can’t do. 要点拓展 “数词-year-old”是复合形容词做定语，表示“……岁的”，用于修饰名词。 Mr. Green has a 16-year-old daughter.格林先生有一个16岁的女儿。 注意 “数词+years + told”用于描述人的年龄。 My son is sixteen years old.我儿子16岁了。 No way! I don’t think ______ should be allowed to drive. I am worried about your safety. A. fifteen years old B. fifteen-year-olds C. fifteen -years-old 考点8. safety的用法 用法分析 safety为不可数名词，意为“安全；安全性”。 记住，安全必须放在首位。Remember that safety must come first. 词形转换 safe adj.安全的 safety n.安全 for safety为了安全起见 in safety处于安全状态 safely adv.安全地 dangerous adj.危险的 danger n.危险 in danger处于危险状态 out of danger脱离危险 dangerously adv.危险地 For your own ______, please don’t smoke on the plane. A. feelings B. safety C. health 考点9. choice的用法 用法分析 choice为名词，意为“选择；挑选”，可用作可数或不可数名词。 此时此刻，你必须做出最终的选择。At the moment, you must make a final choice. 固定搭配 choice make a choice做出选择 have no choice but to do sth.除了做某事别无选择 词形转换 choice n.选择 choose v.选择 -Mom, which is the better ______ for me, a senior high school or a vocational（职业的）high school？ -Either is OK. It’s up to your future plan. A. choice B. result C. experience D. news 考点10.With pleasure.的用法 用法分析With pleasure.意为“乐意效劳”，表示客气地接受或同意。 你能帮我买本书吗？-Can you help me buy a book？ 乐意效劳。我正想去书店。-With pleasure. I just want to go to the bookstore. 要点辨析 It’s a pleasure.，My pleasure.，With pleasure. It’s a pleasure. 对别人表示感谢的礼貌回答，意为“不客气”。 My pleasure. My pleasure.的完整形式为“It’s my pleasure.”，二者都用于事情发生后。 With pleasure. 客气地表示接受或同意，意为“当然了；很愿意”，是对方提出要求，答应对方时的用法，问句通常是“Can/Could you please do sth.？”。 -Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮忙。 -My pleasure！不客气！ 要点拓展 pleasant为形容词，意为“令人愉快的；讨人喜欢的”，做表语或定语；pleased为形容词，意为“高兴的；满意的；感到高兴的”。be pleased with...对……满意。 He spent a pleasant evening.他度过了一个愉快的夜晚。 We are pleased with his work.我们对他的工作满意。 -Could you help me with my English after school？ -______. A. It’s a pleasure B. With pleasure C. You’re welcome D. OK, I could 考点11.question，problem （1）二者都可用作名词“问题”，有时候它们可以互换。 The question /problem is that we don't know who did it.问题是我们不知道谁做的这件事。 （2）question指感到疑惑，提出的待解答的问题，常与ask/answer搭配使用；problem指客观存在的有待解决的问题，尤指比较困难的问题、习题，常与solve（解决）和work out（算出来）搭配使用。 Answer your teacher's questions回答你的老师的问题。 This math problem is not difficult. I can work it out.这道数学题不难。我能算出来。 中考链接 -Linda often answers the teachers' ______ in class, doesn't she？ -Yes. She is very active. A. problems B. notices C. questions D. messages 考点12. leaf的用法（高频考点） 用法分析 leaf为名词，意为“叶子”。leaves是其复数形式。 You can see many fallen leaves in autumn.秋天你可以看到许多落叶。 要点拓展 以f，fe结尾的名词变复数： wife→wives妻子 将f，fe变为v再加-es leaf→leaves叶子 life→lives生命 shelf→shelves架子 thief→thieves小偷 scarf→scarves围巾 wolf→wolves狼 knife→knives刀 根据汉语提示完成句子 Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and death like autumn （树叶）。 考点13.mistakes的用法 mistake 名词 过失；错误 by mistake弄错，错误地 make mistakes犯错误 动词 弄错，误解，把……误认为 mistake...for...把……误认为…… He took the umbrella by mistake.他错拿了那把雨伞。 Since a lot of people make mistakes in their life, let’s give them a chance.既然很多人在一生中都会犯错误，就给他们一个（改过的）机会吧。 I often mistake Tom for his brother.我经常误把汤姆当成他弟弟。 -Excuse me, Sir. Are you sure the umbrella in your hand belongs to you？ -Oh, sorry. I took it ______. Mine is over there under the chair. A. at once B. on time C. by mistake D. in all 考点14.population的用法 用法分析 population意为“人口”，做主语时谓语用单数。 这个镇的人口大约是两万。The population of the town is about twenty thousand. 考点拓展 （1）“分数/百分数+ of the population”做主语时，谓语用复数。 这个镇三分之二的人是富人。Two thirds of the population of the town are very rich. （2）对人口提问不用 how many/how much，而用what或 how large/big。 中国有多少人口？What's the population of China? =How large is the population of China? （3）表明人口的“多”或“少”用 large/big或 small，不用many/few, much/little。 北京人口很多。 Beijing has large population. （4）说某地有多少人口，常用...have/has a population of...The population of...is...。 青岛的人口有八百多万。Qingdao has a population of more than eight million 考点15.invention的用法 用法分析 invention为可数名词，意为“发明；发明物”，其动词形式为invent，意为“发明；创造”。 电话的发明极大地改变了我们的生活。 The invention of the telephone has greatly changed our life. 考点拓展 inventor为可数名词，意为“发明家”。 爱迪生是一位伟大的发明家。Edison is great inventor. The computer is one of the most important . A. inventor B. inventions C. invention 考点16.voice的用法 用法分析 voice做名词，意为“声音”。 她的嗓音太甜美了。 Her voice is so beautiful 考点辨析 voice, noise, sound voice 一般指人的说话声、歌声或笑声，也可用来指鸟鸣声或一些拟人化的声音。 He is not in good voice. 他现在嗓音不好。 noise 意为“噪声；喧闹声；响声”，指很响、不悦耳、令人讨厌的声音、杂音、噪声。 The old man enjoyed e holiday, away from the city noise. 这位老人喜欢度假，远离城市的喧闹。 sound 含义较广，指人们听到的各种声音。 There's no sound coming from the TV. 电视机没有声音。 —Do you enjoy Chinese folk songs？ —Yes, the folk songs nice. A. sound B. smell C. look 考点17.ability的用法 用法分析 ability 意为“能力”，为不可数名词。the ability to do表示“做…….的能力”；have the ability to do sth.有做某事的能力。 我相信我有能力组织一次聚会。I believe I have the ability to organize a party. 词形转换 able adj.能干的：能够 反义词unable adj.不能的；不会的 ability n.能力，才能 disabled adj.无能力的 enable v.使能够 考点18. importance的用法 用法分析 importance n.重要性。the importance of……的重要性。 应该让孩子们理解节约水的重要性。Children should be made to understand the importance of saving water. 要点拓展 importance n.重要；重要性→important adj.重要的；重大的。 根据汉语提示完成句子 This activity showed us the （重要性）of protecting our environment. 考点19.make a difference的用法 用法分析 make a difference意为“影响；有作用”。make some/no difference（to sb. /sth.）意为“（对某人/某物）有些影响/没有影响，（对某人/某物）重要/不重要”。difference前还可用much, big等来修饰。 Fresh air makes a difference to our health.新鲜的空气对我们的健康很重要。 —Shall we go on Friday or Saturday？ —Either day is OK. It makes no ______ to me. A. chore B. change C. difference D. decision 考点20.difficulty的用法 用法分析 difficulty为名词，意为“困难；难题”，具体用法如下： difficulty 表示具体意义的“困难"（如难事、难点、难题等）时，是可数名词。 表示抽象意义的“困难”时，是不可数名词。 每当我做事遇到困难时，我就向老师征求意见。I’ll ask my teacher for advice when I have difficulty in doing something. 考点拓展 dificult adj.困难的，用作形容词时，与hard意思相近，可与系动词连用，也可以修饰名词，做定语。 This is a difficult problem.这是一道难题。 It’s difficult for me.对我来说这很难。 固定搭配 with difficulty困难地 without difficulty容易地 be in difficulty有困难 run into difficulties遭遇困难 have difficulty（in）doing sth.做某事有困难 —I’m Daisy, not Jessie. —Sorry, I have difficulty ______ people’s name. A. remembering B. remember C. to remember D. remembered 考点21.辨析 advice，suggestion advice 不可数名词 指带有指教性的“意见”或“劝告”。 suggestion 可数名词 指为改进工作或解决困难等而提出的“意见”或“建议”，语气较为委婉。 I'll ask my teacher for advice when I have difficulty in doing something.每当我做事遇到困难时，我就向老师征求建议。 Father's suggestions are great valuable for me.爸爸的建议对我来说很有价值。 考点拓展 advice n.→advise v.忠告；建议。advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事；advise sb. not to do sth.建议某人不做某事。advise doing sth.建议做某事。 He advised me to stop smoking.他建议我戒烟。 I advise waiting till the right time.我建议一直等到适当的时候。 Evans had a sore throat.His friend advised him ______ some hot water. A. drinking B. to drink C. drink D. drank 考点22.experience的用法 用法分析 experience 名词 经历 可数名词 经验 不可数名词 动词 经历，体验 请你告诉我们你在美国的经历。Please tell us your experiences in America. 这位老师有许多教学经验。The teacher has a lot of teaching experience. 我在这次旅途中经历了很多事情。I experienced many things on the trip. –I don't know how to use the APP Fun Dubbing. -Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of ______ in doing it. A. experience B. trouble C. courage 考点23.trouble的用法 用法分 trouble n.问题；苦恼。 你同意人们经常不帮助别人，是因为他们不想给自己造成麻烦吗？Do you agree that people often do not help others because they do not want to get into trouble？ 考点拓展 trouble v.使烦恼；使忧虑；麻烦。 Could I trouble you to open the window？麻烦你把窗户打开好吗？ 固定搭配 trouble短语 get into trouble造成麻烦或烦恼 have trouble（in）doing sth.做某事有困难 have troulble with sth.因某事而苦恼 ask for trouble自寻烦恼 in trouble陷入困境 用所给词的适当形式填空 Without glasses, Tom had trouble ___ ___（finish）his drawing on time. 数词考点 考点1.thousands of的用法 用法分析 thousands of意为“数以千计的；成千上万的”，用来表示一个不具体的数目，前面不能用具体的数字修饰，后接可数名词复数。 街上有成千上万的人。 There are thousands of people on the street. 考点拓展 thousand为数词，意为“一千”。当数词thousand前面有一个确定的数字时，即具体指几千时，不能加s和of。当thousand指的是不确切的数字，仅仅表示数目很大，则需要在thousand后加s和of，即thousands of，表示“数千的；成千上万的”。 现在大约有3000人在进行慈善募捐。About three thousand people are raising money for charity now. 在夏天，海滩上有成千上万个人。 There are thousands of people on the beach in summer. Tibet receives foreign visitors from January to April each year. A. thousand of B. thousands of C. several thousands 考点2.million的用法 用法分析 million为数词，意为“一百万”。 他留给孩子们两百万美元。He left two million dollars to his children. 考点拓展 （1） million前面加具体数字，表示具体指几百万，后面不可以加of短语。 这些山上种了6百万棵树。Six million trees were planted on these hills. （2）millions of意为“数以百万计的”，后接复数名词，前面不与数字连用。 世界上有数以百万计的生物。There are millions of living things on the earth. Kobe's fans watched his final match and ______ of them were men. A. Million of; three fourths B. Three millions; third four C. Millions of; three fourths D. Three million; third fours 考点3.倍数表达法 用法分析 many times意为“许多倍”，其中time为可数名词，意为“倍数”，常用于表示比较。 many times more than意为“比……多很多倍”，是倍数的表达方式之一。英语中常用的倍数表达法： （1）“A+谓语动词+倍数+形容词/副词的比较级than+B”意为“A比B……多少倍”。 这本书比那本书贵四倍。The book is four times more expensive than that one. （2）“A+谓语动词+倍数+as+形容词/副词的原级+as+B”意为“A是B的多少倍……”。 他父亲的年龄是他年龄的两倍。His father is twice as old as he. 考点4.分数的表达法 用法分析 three quarters相当于 three fourths，意为“四分之三”。分数的构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，若分子大于1，则分母加s，如：1/3 one third，2/3 two thirds，3/4 three fourths或 three quarters，1/4 one/ a quarter或 one fourth，1/2 a half或 one second。 考点拓展 分数做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于它所修饰的名词。修饰的名词是单数或不可数名词，谓语用单数，修饰的名词是复数，谓语用复数。 在中国三分之二的茶叶是南方生产的。In China, two thirds of the tea is produced in the south. 我们班三分之二的学生是女生。 In our class, two thirds of the students are girls. —Dad, about of our classmates wear glasses. —Oh, that's terrible. You all should take good care of your eyes. A. three fourth B. third fourth C. third fourths D. three quarters 冠词考点 不定冠词a和an的区别 a用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前;an用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。判断一个单词是以元音音素开头还是以辅音音素开头,要根据其读音,而不是仅仅根据其首字母。例如:a horse、an hour、an apple。 2.发音为元音音素开头的字母 26个字母中发音为元音音素开头的有12个,它们分别是a、e、f、h、i、l、m、n、o、r、s、x。例如: There is an “m” in the word “map”. 名词 1.单数变复数的规则变化 一般情况直接加-s map/maps, Indian/Indians, book/books, pencil/pencils 以s、 x、 ch、 sh等结尾的单词加 brush/brushes, church/churches,watch/watches, dish/dishes 以元音字母+y结尾的单词,直接加-s; 以辅音字母+y结尾的单词, story/stories, baby/babies, key/keys, city/cities, day/days 以f,fe 结尾的单词, half/halves, leaf/leaves, shelf/shelves, life/lives, wife/wives 以字母o结尾的可数名词 表示有生命的事物名词,构成复数时加-es tomato/tomatoes, hero/heroes, potato/potatoes, Negro/Negroes 表示无生命的事物名词,构成复数时加-s radio/radios, piano/pianos, photo/photos, zoo/zoos 注意:zero的复数形式有两种,即zeros/zeroes 2.不规则变化： 单复数同形 sheep, Chinese, Japanese, deer, fish 把a改为e man/ , woman/ , policeman/ , Englishman/ , Frenchman/ oo变ee式 tooth/ , foot/ , goose/ 词尾加-ren child/ 只有复数式 trousers, clothes, glasses, congratulations, pants, scissors, gloves 易错总结 man和woman作定语时,修饰单数名词用单数,修饰复数名词用复数,如a man teacher、 two women doctors。 2.名词所有格 有生命的名词单数 在词尾加“'s” Lucy's cat 有生命的名词复数 (1)以-s结尾加“'” the teachers' office (2)不以-s结尾的加“'s” her children's homework 表示两者或多者共同拥有 在最后一个名词后加“'s” Lucy and Lily's desk(Lucy和Lily共同的课桌) 表示两者或多者各自拥有 各名词后都要加上“'s” Jim's and Sam's bikes (Jim和Sam各自的自行车) 表示时间、距离、国家、机构等无生命的名词 单数加“'s” an hour's walk 复数加“'” ten minutes' walk 双重所有格 of +'s所有格 two students of Mr. Wu's of +名词性物主代词 a friend of mine of+one's own a house of my own 随堂训练 1．（2025·云南昭通·模拟预测）The new high-speed train CR450 can run at a speed of 400 ________ per hour. A．kilometer B．kilometers C．kilometers’ D．kilometer’s 2．（2025·全国·二模）The theme park is about __________ ride from the museum. A．two hour B．two hour’s C．two hours’ D．two hours 3．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）—Are all the students in your school from ________? —No. Only a small number of them ________. A． Germany; are Germans B．Germany; are Germen C．German; is Germany D．Germen; is Germany 4．（2025·甘肃张掖·二模）These ________ have saved many children’s lives. A．woman doctors B．womans’ doctors C．women doctors D．women’s doctors 5．（2023·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·一模）A group of ________ will have ________ holiday after busy work. A．boys students; an one-hundred-days B．woman teachers; a one hundred days’ C．boy students; an one hundred days’ D．women teachers; a one-hundred-day 6．（2025·西藏·模拟预测）—Whose room is this? —It’s ________. A．Lucy and Lily B．Lucy’s and Lily’s C．Lucy and Lily’s D．Lucy’s and Lily 7．（2025·西藏拉萨·一模）—Whose room is this? —It’s ________ room. A．John and Peter B．John’s and Peter’s C．John’s and Peter D．John and Peter’s 8．（2024·云南昆明·模拟预测）—Do you know Jack? —Yeah, he’s a friend of ________. A．I B．my C．mine D．myself 9．（2025·甘肃张掖·一模）The _______ boy spends _______ walk to school every day. A．ten-year-old; two hour’s B．ten-year-old; two hours’ C．ten-years-old; two hour’ D．ten years old two-hours 10．（24-25八年级上·云南昭通·月考）Paul and John are good at running. They will take part in the________race. A．boys’ 800-meter B．boy’s 800-meter C．boys’ 800-meters D．boy’s 800-meters 数词 一．基数词 A.英语中常用的基数词有： 0~12 19~19 几十 几十几 几百 几百几 逐个记忆 均以后缀-teen结尾 20~90均以-ty结尾 十位数与个位数之间加连词符“-” 具体数字+ hundred 百位数和末两位数之间用and连接 O zero 8 eight 1 one 9 nine 2 two 10 ten 3 three 11 eleven 4 four 12 twelve 5 five 6 six 7 seven 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 30 thirty 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 21 twenty-one 32 thirty-two 45 forty-five 56 fifty-six 68 sixty-eight 79 seventy-nine 83 eighty-three 99 ninety-nine 200 two hundred 102 one hundred and two 215 two hundred and fifteen 678 six hundred and seventy-eight B．（1）百位与十位之间要加and；十万位和万位,亿位和千万位之间通常也要加and。 （2）英语用千、百万等单位计数,大数字从右向左看, 每隔三位划一逗号,倒数第一个逗号之前要用thousand,倒数第二个逗号之前要用million,倒数第三的逗号之前要用billion表示。 （3）hundred、 thousand、 million作数词时,不用复数,前面可以加上one, two, …等其它数词。用作名词 时复数表示“成…上…”,后面必须要有of,前面可以加上some,many,several等词。如：five hundred(五百), hundreds of(成百上千的), ten thousand(一万), thousands of(成千上万的), millions of(成百万的 二．序数词 构成方式 示例 一般情况下基数词后加-th构成相应的序数词。 four→ thirteen→ 整十数序数词的构成是将基数词词尾的y变为ie，再加-th。 twenty→ forty→ 大于20的两位及两位以上的基数词变序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词。 twenty-one→twenty- one hundred and fifty-three→ one hundred an d fifty-third 特殊情况特殊记。 one→ two→ three→ five→ eight→ nine→ twelve→ 三．数词的用法 1.表示时刻： 形式 表达 例子 整点时间 整点+o'clock（o'clock可以省略） six o'clock 6点钟 非整点时间 直接用数字表时间（先时后分），适用任何时间 five twenty5点20分 “分在前，时在后”表达法分为以下几种情况 分钟≤30，用“分钟+past+点钟” sixteen past five5点16分thirty past two2点30分 分钟大于30，就用to来表示，结构“分钟（60减去已知分钟数）+to+下一点钟数” five to nine 8点55分（差5分到9点） 分钟是15，一般用 a quarter来代替fifteen；如果分钟是30，一般用half来代替 thirty。 a quarter past four4点15分 half past three3点30分 2.序数词前面加the时,表示顺序,加a/an时表示“再一、又一”。 如：The third lesson is rather difficult.(第三课相当难) Shall we read the text a third time?(我们把课文读第三遍,好吗？) 3.倍数的表达：(一倍用once，两倍用 twice，两倍以上用基数词＋times。如：5倍five times)。 随堂训练 1．（2025·广东汕头·二模）About ________ of the students in Grade Nine this year were born in the ________. A．four fifths; 1990s B．four fifth; 1996 C．fourth five; 1997 D．four fifth; 1990s 2．（2025·甘肃张掖·三模）The volunteers sent ________ books to a poor village school on Children’s Day. A．two hundreds of B．two hundred C．two hundreds D．two hundred of 3．（2025·甘肃酒泉·三模）Please turn to page ________ and look at the ________ picture. A．twentieth; third B．twentieth; three C．twenty; third D．twenty; three 4．（2025·安徽六安·模拟预测）My uncle joined the Party __________. And he’s ______now. A．in 1970s; in his forties B．in the 1970s; in his fortieth C．in the 1970s; in his forties D．in 1970; in his fourties 5．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）—Students in our school donated________ books to the mountain area last month. —That’s so kind of them! These books will bring more knowledge to the kids there. A．two hundreds B．two hundred of C．two hundreds of D．hundreds of 6．（2025·云南丽江·一模）—Can you tell me where our school’s music room is? —Sure! It’s on the ________ floor, right above the computer room on the first floor. A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 7．（2025·甘肃平凉·一模）China held a commemoration to celebrate the ________ anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War on September 3rd, 2025. A．eighth B．eighteenth C．eightieth D．eightyth 8．（2025·云南昆明·三模）I am the ________ child of the family. My ________ younger sisters were much younger than me. A．one; two B．first; two C．one; second D．first; second 9．（2025·全国·二模）About ________ of people enjoy the TV play. And 70 percent of the music in it ________ very original (原创的). A．three fifths; is B．three fifths; are C．three fifth; is D．three fifth; are 10．（2025·安徽六安·模拟预测）Because of the special situation last year, about _________ of the students in our school _______ having classes on the Internet at home. A．two thirds; are B．two third; is C．two thirds; was D．two thirds; were 综合训练 一．单项选择 1．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）Folk music has _________ strong local colour. The ticket to the folk concert has _________ special offer today. A．/; / B．/; a C．the ; the D．a; the 2．（2025·天津·模拟预测）Miss Brown will take ________ second visit to Beijing, a famous city with ________ long history. A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．the; the 3．（25-26九年级上·甘肃平凉·月考）—Mom, I heard you’ll visit a friend who lives near ________ underground library this afternoon. Will you go there by ________ underground? —Yes, it’s fast and convenient. A．a; the B．an; / C．an; the D．a; / 4．（2025·甘肃陇南·三模）I got a hat as a birthday present. ________ hat is very beautiful and I wore it all weekend. A．A B．An C．The D．/ 5．（2025·上海闵行·三模）Stella, my new classmate, comes from ______ European country. A．an B．the C．a D．/ 6．（2025·江苏连云港·二模）In 2025, a European scientist invented ______ AI device to help reduce plastic pollution in oceans. A．an B．a C．the D．/ 7．（2025·甘肃张掖·二模）—Would you like to go to the concert? —It’ll start in ________ hour and ________ half. A．an; an B．a; an C．an; a D．a; a 二．单句语法填空 1．（2025·云南丽江·一模）Pan Zhanle is a great and has many fans. (swim) 2．（2025·吉林通化·模拟预测）Under the new rules, (factory) will reduce costs by as much as 10%. 3．（25-26九年级上·甘肃平凉·月考）In the history class, we learned that many famous (Germany), like Einstein and Beethoven, have made great contributions to world science and culture. 4．（2025·全国·模拟预测）These (German) have already been used to eating beef noodles. 5．（2025·西藏·一模）June 1st is (child) Day. Charlotte is looking forward to her gifts. 6．（2025·甘肃平凉·二模）Do you often take part in your school (activity)? 7．（2025·云南昆明·三模）My father went fishing yesterday and he caught a lot of . (fish) 8．（2025·甘肃张掖·三模）My parents are showing a friend of (they) around our community. 9．（25-26九年级上·全国·课后作业）The two (policeman) searched the house and found nothing. 10．（2025·云南昆明·三模）There used to be many (wolf) in the past, but now only a few of them remain. 11．（2025·甘肃武威·模拟预测）Chong Yang Festival comes in September of Chinese lunar calendar, the (nine) month of the year. 12．（2025·全国·模拟预测）The man started his writing career in his (forty), but he still achieved success. 13．（2025·云南玉溪·三模）China is the nation which sent Chang’e VI to the far side of the moon. (one) 14．（2025·云南昆明·三模）December 20th, 2024 marks the anniversary (周年) of Macao’s return to China. (twenty-five) 15．（2025·甘肃张掖·三模）In the (three) month after I joined the basketball club, I learned many new skills. 16．（2025·全国·二模）The Smiths moved into their new house which is on the (twenty) floor. 17．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）So far, five of the visitors have visited Yangzhou Grand Canal Musuem. (twelve) 18．（2025·甘肃酒泉·三模）There were eight (hundred) students taking the exams. 19．（2025·江苏淮安·二模）—Joan’s (twelve) birthday is coming. I’d like to give her a present. —She likes DIY. You can make a card. 20．（2025·江苏·二模）Tommy tried his best and finished in the 100-meter race at last. (two) 三．用所给词的正确形式填空 1.It's _____________(health) to eat lots of fast food. If you want to keep _____________(health), you'd better have food that is good for your _____________(health). Eat _____________(health) and enjoy your life. 2. More and more people realise the _____________(important) of sports. If you want to keep fit, it's _____________(important) to exercise every day. 3. Remember to be _____________(active) and take part in sports _____________(active) as often as you can. 4. I received an _____________(invite) from Anna yesterday. She _____________(invite) me to her birthday party. 5. During a meal in the _____________(west), you should know what to do and not to do. In other words, when you eat _____________(west) food, do as _____________(west) do. 6. Ebola is a new kind of _____________(ill). It makes people _____________(ill) and has killed about 7,000 people, mostly in West Africa. 四．语法填空 （2023·广东深圳·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As the Chinese saying goes, “Food is the first necessity (必需品) of the people.” Chinese people often greet each other by asking, “Did you eat?” instead 1 “How are you?” Chinese food culture has attracted many foreigners, including Fifa from Madagascar (马达加斯加). On Fifa’s 2 (eleven) birthday, her parents took her to a local Chinese restaurant for dinner. The food there was so 3 (taste) that she asked her parents to take her there more often. Since then, Fifa has developed a deep love for Chinese food. In 2010, Fifa 4 (come) to study in a Chinese university. For her, this was a great chance 5 (discover) more about Chinese food. Over the past years, she has tried many 6 (dish) and drinks from different places in China, such as hot dry noodles in Hubei and morning tea in Guangdong. She has found out 7 makes each area’s cuisine (美食) special. In addition to the mouth-watering food, the cultural traditions behind it have also left 8 deep impression on her. For example, in Guangdong, morning tea is not only about the snacks, 9 also about the valuable time people spend with their family and friends. Fifa said that she was 10 (real) amazed at how food could hold so much meaning. For her, it was an eye-opening experience that she would always remember. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 名词、数词、介词、连词、冠词考点归纳 名词考点 考点1. Germany的用法 用法分析 Germany为名词，意为“德国”。 德国是一个欧洲国家。Germany is a European country. 要点拓展 German做形容词，意为“德国的；德语的；德国人的”；做名词，意为“德语；德国人”。 They are Germans, come from Germany and they can speak German.他们是德国人，来自德国，他们会说德语。 注意 German故“德语”讲时，为不可数名词。German 故“速国人”讲时，为可数名词，复数为Germans。 小提示 以-an结尾的国人的复数，在词尾加-s，如Americans（美国人），Australians（澳大利亚人），Italians（意大利人）等。 Many foreigners came to our school last week, including three ____C__ and four______. A. German；American B. Germans；American C. Germans；Americans D. German；Americans 考点2.所有格的特殊用法 用法分析 Uncle Bob’s相当于Uncle Bob’s restaurant，当名词所有格限定的是表示住宅、诊所、商店等的名词时，该名词通常省略。 他们正在理发店理发。They are cutting their hair at the barber’s（shop）。 要点拓展 如果所指人或物为两人或几个人所共有，所有格只在最后一个人名后加’s；如果所指人或物为各自所有，则在每个人名后加s。 This is Lucy and Lily’s room.这是露西和莉莉的房间。（两人共有） Those are Jim’s and Sam’s footballs.那些是吉姆和萨姆的足球。（各自所有） 中考特殊考点 以-s结尾的复数名词后面加撇号；如果不是以-s结尾的复数名词，其后仍加’s，如the twins’ room 双胞胎的房间；children’s shoes童鞋。 -Whose jackets are these？ -They are ___C___. They said they lost them yesterday. A. ours B. LiLei and Li Tao’s C. LiLei’s and Li Tao’s 考点3.have difficulty in sth.的用法 用法分析 have difficulty in sth.表示“在某方面有困难”。have difficulty（in）doing sth.表示“做某事很困难、费劲”，相当于have problems/trouble（in）doing sth.，介词in是可以省略的，problems/difficulty/trouble前面可以加修饰词some，a little，great，no，a lot of等。 许多国家在经济方面遇到了困难。Many countries have difficulty in the economic sphere. I have difficulty in learning English.我学英语有困难。 -I’m Daisy, not Jessie. -Sorry, I have difficulty ___A___ people’s names. A. remembering B. remember C. to remember D. remembered 考点4. take pride in的用法 用法分析 take pride in意为“为……感到骄傲、自豪”，后接让人引以为傲的对象，相当于be proud of，意为“因……而自豪，为……感到骄傲”。pride是名词“骄傲”；proud是形容词“骄傲的”。 这位年轻妈妈因为她聪明的儿子而感到自豪。 The young mother took pride in her clever son. =The young mother was proud of her clever son. 固定搭配 （1）be proud to do sth.以做某事为自豪。 She is proud to be a member of this organization.她以属于这个组织而感到自豪。 （2）be the pride of是……的自豪、骄傲。 He is the pride of his parents.他是父母的骄傲。 选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项 We, Chinese people, are proud of the Great Wall. A A. take pride in B. take action on C. take a look at D. take part in 考点5.to be honest的用法 用法分析 to be honest是动词不定式短语，相当于to tell (you) the truth或者honestly speaking，常放于句首、句中或句末，做插入语。类似的短语还有to be exact（确切地说）等。 说实话，我不是自己做的这件事。To be honest, didn't do it by myself. 说实在的，这是我曾读过的最好的书之一。 To be honest, it was one of the best books that I've ever read. 考点拓展 （1）honest为形容词，意为“诚实的，老实的”，honest一词中h不发音，发音以元音音素/ɒ/开头，若前面用不定冠词要用an，其反义词为dishonest“不诚实的”。 他勤奋老实。He is hard-working- and honest man. （2） honest adj. 诚实的；老实的 1. dishonest adj. 不诚实的 2. honesty n. 诚实 3. honestly adv. 诚实地，正直地 —Good news! You've passed the PE test. —Hooray! B , I' m worrying about it. A. All in all B. To be honest C. Without doubt D. In my opinion 考点6.辨析 noise，voice，sound noise 常指不悦耳的声音，如噪音、杂音、吵闹声等，可用a lot of，much等词（组）修饰。 voice 多指人的说话声、笑声、歌声等。 sound 含义较广，泛指人能听到的一切声音，不带有任何褒贬色彩。 I don’t like so much noise.我不喜欢这么吵闹。 The girl has a beautiful voice.那个女孩嗓音很美。 词形转换 noise n.噪音 noisy adj.吵闹的；喧闹的 There are many noisy students in the noisy classroom.乱哄哄的教室里有许多吵闹的学生。 Betty has a beautiful ___A___. She wants to be a singer in the future. A. voice B. look C. noise D. sound 考点7.“数词-year-olds”的用法 用法分析 sixteen-year-olds意为“16岁的青少年”。“数词-year-olds”表示“……岁的人”，复数概念，做主语时谓语用复数形式。 年满18岁的人应该懂得什么事情能做，什么事情不能做。Eighteen-year-olds should know what they can do and what they can’t do. 要点拓展 “数词-year-old”是复合形容词做定语，表示“……岁的”，用于修饰名词。 Mr. Green has a 16-year-old daughter.格林先生有一个16岁的女儿。 注意 “数词+years + told”用于描述人的年龄。 My son is sixteen years old.我儿子16岁了。 No way! I don’t think ___B___ should be allowed to drive. I am worried about your safety. A. fifteen years old B. fifteen-year-olds C. fifteen -years-old 考点8. safety的用法 用法分析 safety为不可数名词，意为“安全；安全性”。 记住，安全必须放在首位。Remember that safety must come first. 词形转换 safe adj.安全的 safety n.安全 for safety为了安全起见 in safety处于安全状态 safely adv.安全地 dangerous adj.危险的 danger n.危险 in danger处于危险状态 out of danger脱离危险 dangerously adv.危险地 For your own ___B___, please don’t smoke on the plane. A. feelings B. safety C. health 考点9. choice的用法 用法分析 choice为名词，意为“选择；挑选”，可用作可数或不可数名词。 此时此刻，你必须做出最终的选择。At the moment, you must make a final choice. 固定搭配 choice make a choice做出选择 have no choice but to do sth.除了做某事别无选择 词形转换 choice n.选择 choose v.选择 -Mom, which is the better ___A___ for me, a senior high school or a vocational（职业的）high school？ -Either is OK. It’s up to your future plan. A. choice B. result C. experience D. news 考点10.With pleasure.的用法 用法分析With pleasure.意为“乐意效劳”，表示客气地接受或同意。 你能帮我买本书吗？-Can you help me buy a book？ 乐意效劳。我正想去书店。-With pleasure. I just want to go to the bookstore. 要点辨析 It’s a pleasure.，My pleasure.，With pleasure. It’s a pleasure. 对别人表示感谢的礼貌回答，意为“不客气”。 My pleasure. My pleasure.的完整形式为“It’s my pleasure.”，二者都用于事情发生后。 With pleasure. 客气地表示接受或同意，意为“当然了；很愿意”，是对方提出要求，答应对方时的用法，问句通常是“Can/Could you please do sth.？”。 -Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮忙。 -My pleasure！不客气！ 要点拓展 pleasant为形容词，意为“令人愉快的；讨人喜欢的”，做表语或定语；pleased为形容词，意为“高兴的；满意的；感到高兴的”。be pleased with...对……满意。 He spent a pleasant evening.他度过了一个愉快的夜晚。 We are pleased with his work.我们对他的工作满意。 -Could you help me with my English after school？ -___B___. A. It’s a pleasure B. With pleasure C. You’re welcome D. OK, I could 考点11.question，problem （1）二者都可用作名词“问题”，有时候它们可以互换。 The question /problem is that we don't know who did it.问题是我们不知道谁做的这件事。 （2）question指感到疑惑，提出的待解答的问题，常与ask/answer搭配使用；problem指客观存在的有待解决的问题，尤指比较困难的问题、习题，常与solve（解决）和work out（算出来）搭配使用。 Answer your teacher's questions回答你的老师的问题。 This math problem is not difficult. I can work it out.这道数学题不难。我能算出来。 中考链接 -Linda often answers the teachers' ___C___ in class, doesn't she？ -Yes. She is very active. A. problems B. notices C. questions D. messages 考点12. leaf的用法（高频考点） 用法分析 leaf为名词，意为“叶子”。leaves是其复数形式。 You can see many fallen leaves in autumn.秋天你可以看到许多落叶。 要点拓展 以f，fe结尾的名词变复数： wife→wives妻子 将f，fe变为v再加-es leaf→leaves叶子 life→lives生命 shelf→shelves架子 thief→thieves小偷 scarf→scarves围巾 wolf→wolves狼 knife→knives刀 根据汉语提示完成句子 Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and death like autumn leaves（树叶）。 考点13.mistakes的用法 mistake 名词 过失；错误 by mistake弄错，错误地 make mistakes犯错误 动词 弄错，误解，把……误认为 mistake...for...把……误认为…… He took the umbrella by mistake.他错拿了那把雨伞。 Since a lot of people make mistakes in their life, let’s give them a chance.既然很多人在一生中都会犯错误，就给他们一个（改过的）机会吧。 I often mistake Tom for his brother.我经常误把汤姆当成他弟弟。 -Excuse me, Sir. Are you sure the umbrella in your hand belongs to you？ -Oh, sorry. I took it ___C___. Mine is over there under the chair. A. at once B. on time C. by mistake D. in all 考点14.population的用法 用法分析 population意为“人口”，做主语时谓语用单数。 这个镇的人口大约是两万。The population of the town is about twenty thousand. 考点拓展 （1）“分数/百分数+ of the population”做主语时，谓语用复数。 这个镇三分之二的人是富人。Two thirds of the population of the town are very rich. （2）对人口提问不用 how many/how much，而用what或 how large/big。 中国有多少人口？What's the population of China? =How large is the population of China? （3）表明人口的“多”或“少”用 large/big或 small，不用many/few, much/little。 北京人口很多。 Beijing has large population. （4）说某地有多少人口，常用...have/has a population of...The population of...is...。 青岛的人口有八百多万。Qingdao has a population of more than eight million 考点15.invention的用法 用法分析 invention为可数名词，意为“发明；发明物”，其动词形式为invent，意为“发明；创造”。 电话的发明极大地改变了我们的生活。 The invention of the telephone has greatly changed our life. 考点拓展 inventor为可数名词，意为“发明家”。 爱迪生是一位伟大的发明家。Edison is great inventor. The computer is one of the most important B . A. inventor B. inventions C. invention 考点16.voice的用法 用法分析 voice做名词，意为“声音”。 她的嗓音太甜美了。 Her voice is so beautiful 考点辨析 voice, noise, sound voice 一般指人的说话声、歌声或笑声，也可用来指鸟鸣声或一些拟人化的声音。 He is not in good voice. 他现在嗓音不好。 noise 意为“噪声；喧闹声；响声”，指很响、不悦耳、令人讨厌的声音、杂音、噪声。 The old man enjoyed e holiday, away from the city noise. 这位老人喜欢度假，远离城市的喧闹。 sound 含义较广，指人们听到的各种声音。 There's no sound coming from the TV. 电视机没有声音。 —Do you enjoy Chinese folk songs？ —Yes, the folk songs A nice. A. sound B. smell C. look 考点17.ability的用法 用法分析 ability 意为“能力”，为不可数名词。the ability to do表示“做…….的能力”；have the ability to do sth.有做某事的能力。 我相信我有能力组织一次聚会。I believe I have the ability to organize a party. 词形转换 able adj.能干的：能够 反义词unable adj.不能的；不会的 ability n.能力，才能 disabled adj.无能力的 enable v.使能够 考点18. importance的用法 用法分析 importance n.重要性。the importance of……的重要性。 应该让孩子们理解节约水的重要性。Children should be made to understand the importance of saving water. 要点拓展 importance n.重要；重要性→important adj.重要的；重大的。 根据汉语提示完成句子 This activity showed us the importance（重要性）of protecting our environment. 考点19.make a difference的用法 用法分析 make a difference意为“影响；有作用”。make some/no difference（to sb. /sth.）意为“（对某人/某物）有些影响/没有影响，（对某人/某物）重要/不重要”。difference前还可用much, big等来修饰。 Fresh air makes a difference to our health.新鲜的空气对我们的健康很重要。 —Shall we go on Friday or Saturday？ —Either day is OK. It makes no ___C___ to me. A. chore B. change C. difference D. decision 考点20.difficulty的用法 用法分析 difficulty为名词，意为“困难；难题”，具体用法如下： difficulty 表示具体意义的“困难"（如难事、难点、难题等）时，是可数名词。 表示抽象意义的“困难”时，是不可数名词。 每当我做事遇到困难时，我就向老师征求意见。I’ll ask my teacher for advice when I have difficulty in doing something. 考点拓展 dificult adj.困难的，用作形容词时，与hard意思相近，可与系动词连用，也可以修饰名词，做定语。 This is a difficult problem.这是一道难题。 It’s difficult for me.对我来说这很难。 固定搭配 with difficulty困难地 without difficulty容易地 be in difficulty有困难 run into difficulties遭遇困难 have difficulty（in）doing sth.做某事有困难 —I’m Daisy, not Jessie. —Sorry, I have difficulty ___A___ people’s name. A. remembering B. remember C. to remember D. remembered 考点21.辨析 advice，suggestion advice 不可数名词 指带有指教性的“意见”或“劝告”。 suggestion 可数名词 指为改进工作或解决困难等而提出的“意见”或“建议”，语气较为委婉。 I'll ask my teacher for advice when I have difficulty in doing something.每当我做事遇到困难时，我就向老师征求建议。 Father's suggestions are great valuable for me.爸爸的建议对我来说很有价值。 考点拓展 advice n.→advise v.忠告；建议。advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事；advise sb. not to do sth.建议某人不做某事。advise doing sth.建议做某事。 He advised me to stop smoking.他建议我戒烟。 I advise waiting till the right time.我建议一直等到适当的时候。 Evans had a sore throat.His friend advised him ___B___ some hot water. A. drinking B. to drink C. drink D. drank 考点22.experience的用法 用法分析 experience 名词 经历 可数名词 经验 不可数名词 动词 经历，体验 请你告诉我们你在美国的经历。Please tell us your experiences in America. 这位老师有许多教学经验。The teacher has a lot of teaching experience. 我在这次旅途中经历了很多事情。I experienced many things on the trip. –I don't know how to use the APP Fun Dubbing. -Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of ___A___ in doing it. A. experience B. trouble C. courage 考点23.trouble的用法 用法分 trouble n.问题；苦恼。 你同意人们经常不帮助别人，是因为他们不想给自己造成麻烦吗？Do you agree that people often do not help others because they do not want to get into trouble？ 考点拓展 trouble v.使烦恼；使忧虑；麻烦。 Could I trouble you to open the window？麻烦你把窗户打开好吗？ 固定搭配 trouble短语 get into trouble造成麻烦或烦恼 have trouble（in）doing sth.做某事有困难 have troulble with sth.因某事而苦恼 ask for trouble自寻烦恼 in trouble陷入困境 用所给词的适当形式填空 Without glasses, Tom had trouble ___finishing___（finish）his drawing on time. 数词考点 考点1.thousands of的用法 用法分析 thousands of意为“数以千计的；成千上万的”，用来表示一个不具体的数目，前面不能用具体的数字修饰，后接可数名词复数。 街上有成千上万的人。 There are thousands of people on the street. 考点拓展 thousand为数词，意为“一千”。当数词thousand前面有一个确定的数字时，即具体指几千时，不能加s和of。当thousand指的是不确切的数字，仅仅表示数目很大，则需要在thousand后加s和of，即thousands of，表示“数千的；成千上万的”。 现在大约有3000人在进行慈善募捐。About three thousand people are raising money for charity now. 在夏天，海滩上有成千上万个人。 There are thousands of people on the beach in summer. Tibet receives B foreign visitors from January to April each year. A. thousand of B. thousands of C. several thousands 考点2.million的用法 用法分析 million为数词，意为“一百万”。 他留给孩子们两百万美元。He left two million dollars to his children. 考点拓展 （1） million前面加具体数字，表示具体指几百万，后面不可以加of短语。 这些山上种了6百万棵树。Six million trees were planted on these hills. （2）millions of意为“数以百万计的”，后接复数名词，前面不与数字连用。 世界上有数以百万计的生物。There are millions of living things on the earth. C Kobe's fans watched his final match and ______ of them were men. A. Million of; three fourths B. Three millions; third four C. Millions of; three fourths D. Three million; third fours 考点3.倍数表达法 用法分析 many times意为“许多倍”，其中time为可数名词，意为“倍数”，常用于表示比较。 many times more than意为“比……多很多倍”，是倍数的表达方式之一。英语中常用的倍数表达法： （1）“A+谓语动词+倍数+形容词/副词的比较级than+B”意为“A比B……多少倍”。 这本书比那本书贵四倍。The book is four times more expensive than that one. （2）“A+谓语动词+倍数+as+形容词/副词的原级+as+B”意为“A是B的多少倍……”。 他父亲的年龄是他年龄的两倍。His father is twice as old as he. 考点4.分数的表达法 用法分析 three quarters相当于 three fourths，意为“四分之三”。分数的构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，若分子大于1，则分母加s，如：1/3 one third，2/3 two thirds，3/4 three fourths或 three quarters，1/4 one/ a quarter或 one fourth，1/2 a half或 one second。 考点拓展 分数做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于它所修饰的名词。修饰的名词是单数或不可数名词，谓语用单数，修饰的名词是复数，谓语用复数。 在中国三分之二的茶叶是南方生产的。In China, two thirds of the tea is produced in the south. 我们班三分之二的学生是女生。 In our class, two thirds of the students are girls. —Dad, about D of our classmates wear glasses. —Oh, that's terrible. You all should take good care of your eyes. A. three fourth B. third fourth C. third fourths D. three quarters 冠词考点 不定冠词a和an的区别 a用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前;an用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。判断一个单词是以元音音素开头还是以辅音音素开头,要根据其读音,而不是仅仅根据其首字母。例如:a horse、an hour、an apple。 2.发音为元音音素开头的字母 26个字母中发音为元音音素开头的有12个,它们分别是a、e、f、h、i、l、m、n、o、r、s、x。例如: There is an “m” in the word “map”. 名词 1.单数变复数的规则变化 一般情况直接加-s map/maps, Indian/Indians, book/books, pencil/pencils 以s、 x、 ch、 sh等结尾的单词加-es brush/brushes, church/churches,watch/watches, dish/dishes 以元音字母+y结尾的单词,直接加-s; 以辅音字母+y结尾的单词,变y为i, 再加-es story/stories, baby/babies, key/keys, city/cities, day/days 以f,fe 结尾的单词,将f或fe改为v再加-es half/halves, leaf/leaves, shelf/shelves, life/lives, wife/wives 以字母o结尾的可数名词 表示有生命的事物名词,构成复数时加-es tomato/tomatoes, hero/heroes, potato/potatoes, Negro/Negroes 表示无生命的事物名词,构成复数时加-s radio/radios, piano/pianos, photo/photos, zoo/zoos 注意:zero的复数形式有两种,即zeros/zeroes 2.不规则变化： 单复数同形 sheep, Chinese, Japanese, deer, fish 把a改为e man/men, woman/women, policeman/policemen, Englishman/Englishmen, Frenchman/Frenchmen oo变ee式 tooth/teeth, foot/feet, goose/geese 词尾加-ren child/children 只有复数式 trousers, clothes, glasses, congratulations, pants, scissors, gloves 易错总结 man和woman作定语时,修饰单数名词用单数,修饰复数名词用复数,如a man teacher、 two women doctors。 2.名词所有格 有生命的名词单数 在词尾加“'s” Lucy's cat 有生命的名词复数 (1)以-s结尾加“'” the teachers' office (2)不以-s结尾的加“'s” her children's homework 表示两者或多者共同拥有 在最后一个名词后加“'s” Lucy and Lily's desk(Lucy和Lily共同的课桌) 表示两者或多者各自拥有 各名词后都要加上“'s” Jim's and Sam's bikes (Jim和Sam各自的自行车) 表示时间、距离、国家、机构等无生命的名词 单数加“'s” an hour's walk 复数加“'” ten minutes' walk 双重所有格 of +'s所有格 two students of Mr. Wu's of +名词性物主代词 a friend of mine of+one's own a house of my own 随堂训练 1．（2025·云南昭通·模拟预测）The new high-speed train CR450 can run at a speed of 400 ________ per hour. A．kilometer B．kilometers C．kilometers’ D．kilometer’s 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这列新的高速列车CR450每小时可以以400公里的速度运行。 考查名词复数。此空前有数词“400”修饰，名词kilometer“公里”需变为复数“kilometers”，400 kilometers per hour“每小时400公里”。故选B。 2．（2025·全国·二模）The theme park is about __________ ride from the museum. A．two hour B．two hour’s C．two hours’ D．two hours 【答案】C 【详解】句意：主题公园离博物馆大约有两个小时的车程。 考查名词所有格。此处需要填入一个表示“两小时”的所有格形式来修饰“ride”，即“两小时的骑行”，two hours为可数名词复数，其所有格形式为“two hours’”。故选C。 3．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）—Are all the students in your school from ________? —No. Only a small number of them ________. A． Germany; are Germans B．Germany; are Germen C．German; is Germany D．Germen; is Germany 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你们学校所有的学生都来自德国吗？——不，只有一小部分学生是德国人。 考查名词和主谓一致。Germany德国，名词；German德国人，名词单数形式；Germen是错误形式；is是第三人称单数形式；are是复数形式。根据“Are all the students in your school from...”可知，第一空指的是“德国”，应用名词Germany；第二空主语a small number of them指的是“他们中的一小部分人”，是复数，所以be动词应用are，且“德国人”应用German的复数形式Germans。故选A。 4．（2025·甘肃张掖·二模）These ________ have saved many children’s lives. A．woman doctors B．womans’ doctors C．women doctors D．women’s doctors 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这些女医生们拯救过许多儿童的生命。 考查复合名词的复数。woman doctors错误表达；womans’ doctors错误表达；women doctors女医生们；women’s doctors女人们的医生。根据“have saved many children’s lives”和选项可知，此处是指女医生们；根据“these”可知，后面所接名词要用复数形式；但因此处是由“woman”和“doctor”组成的复合名词，故两个词都要变复数形式，所以填women doctors。故选C。 5．（2023·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·一模）A group of ________ will have ________ holiday after busy work. A．boys students; an one-hundred-days B．woman teachers; a one hundred days’ C．boy students; an one hundred days’ D．women teachers; a one-hundred-day 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一群女教师在繁忙的工作之后会放个为期一百天的假。 考查复合名词的复数形式、不定冠词a/an的区别。当两个名词构成复合名词，且前面的名词是man或woman时，变复数时，前后两个名词都要变成复数形式，故排除A、B选项。不定冠词a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于元音音素开头的单词前。“one-hundred-day”是一个由数词、连词符构成的形容词短语，修饰名词holiday，意为“一百天的”，读音以辅音音素开头，前面用不定冠词a，表示“一百天的假期”。故选D。 6．（2025·西藏·模拟预测）—Whose room is this? —It’s ________. A．Lucy and Lily B．Lucy’s and Lily’s C．Lucy and Lily’s D．Lucy’s and Lily 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这是谁的房间？——它是Lucy和Lily的。 考查名词所有格。Lucy and Lily露西和莉莉；Lucy’s and Lily’s露西的和莉莉的；Lucy and Lily’s露西和莉莉的；Lucy’s and Lily错误结构。此空表示“Lucy和Lily的房间”，排除A选项。根据it可知，表示两个人共同拥有的，在最后一个人名后加’s，故选C。 7．（2025·西藏拉萨·一模）—Whose room is this? —It’s ________ room. A．John and Peter B．John’s and Peter’s C．John’s and Peter D．John and Peter’s 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这是谁的房间？——这是约翰和彼得的房间。 考查名词所有格的用法。根据“It’s...room.”可知，此处表示“这是约翰和彼得的房间”，所以此处应用名词所有格表示所属关系；且room是单数形式，这说明约翰和彼得共用一个房间。当两个人共同拥有某物时，只需在最后一个名词后加’s。故选D。 8．（2024·云南昆明·模拟预测）—Do you know Jack? —Yeah, he’s a friend of ________. A．I B．my C．mine D．myself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认识杰克吗？——是的，他是我的一个朋友。 考查代词辨析。I我，主格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的；名词性物主代词。myself我自己，反身代词。根据“he’s a friend of...”可知，此处表示双重所有格。“a friend of+名词性物主代词”是一种双重所有格结构，表示“……的一个朋友”。“mine”相当于“my friends”，“a friend of mine”表示“我的朋友中的一个”。故选C。 9．（2025·甘肃张掖·一模）The _______ boy spends _______ walk to school every day. A．ten-year-old; two hour’s B．ten-year-old; two hours’ C．ten-years-old; two hour’ D．ten years old two-hours 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个十岁的男孩每天花两小时步行去上学。 考查名词所有格和形容词辨析。根据“boy”可知，此处应用形容词修饰，故10岁的应是ten-year-old；根据“walk”可知，应用名词所有格，两小时的名词所有格为two hours’。故选B。 10．（24-25八年级上·云南昭通·月考）Paul and John are good at running. They will take part in the________race. A．boys’ 800-meter B．boy’s 800-meter C．boys’ 800-meters D．boy’s 800-meters 【答案】A 【详解】句意：保罗和约翰擅长跑步。他们将参加男子800米赛跑。 考查名词所有格和复合形容词。boys’ 800-meter意为“男子800米的”，其中boys’是名词所有格，表示“……的”，800-meter是复合形容词，作定语修饰race，表示“800米的赛跑”。由于主语是Paul and John两个人，所以应该用复数boys’，而不是单数boy’s，排除B和D选项；800-meter中的meter表示“米”，在复合形容词中不用复数形式，排除C选项。故选A。 数词 一．基数词 A.英语中常用的基数词有： 0~12 19~19 几十 几十几 几百 几百几 逐个记忆 均以后缀-teen结尾 20~90均以-ty结尾 十位数与个位数之间加连词符“-” 具体数字+ hundred 百位数和末两位数之间用and连接 O zero 8 eight 1 one 9 nine 2 two 10 ten 3 three 11 eleven 4 four 12 twelve 5 five 6 six 7 seven 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 30 thirty 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 21 twenty-one 32 thirty-two 45 forty-five 56 fifty-six 68 sixty-eight 79 seventy-nine 83 eighty-three 99 ninety-nine 200 two hundred 102 one hundred and two 215 two hundred and fifteen 678 six hundred and seventy-eight B．（1）百位与十位之间要加and；十万位和万位,亿位和千万位之间通常也要加and。 （2）英语用千、百万等单位计数,大数字从右向左看, 每隔三位划一逗号,倒数第一个逗号之前要用thousand,倒数第二个逗号之前要用million,倒数第三的逗号之前要用billion表示。 （3）hundred、 thousand、 million作数词时,不用复数,前面可以加上one, two, …等其它数词。用作名词 时复数表示“成…上…”,后面必须要有of,前面可以加上some,many,several等词。如：five hundred(五百), hundreds of(成百上千的), ten thousand(一万), thousands of(成千上万的), millions of(成百万的 二．序数词 构成方式 示例 一般情况下基数词后加-th构成相应的序数词。 four→fourth thirteen→thirteenth 整十数序数词的构成是将基数词词尾的y变为ie，再加-th。 twenty→twentieth forty→fortieth 大于20的两位及两位以上的基数词变序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词。 twenty-one→twenty-first one hundred and fifty-three→ one hundred an d fifty-third 特殊情况特殊记。 one→first two→second three→third five→fifth eight→eighth nine→ninth twelve→twelfth 三．数词的用法 1.表示时刻： 形式 表达 例子 整点时间 整点+o'clock（o'clock可以省略） six o'clock 6点钟 非整点时间 直接用数字表时间（先时后分），适用任何时间 five twenty5点20分 “分在前，时在后”表达法分为以下几种情况 分钟≤30，用“分钟+past+点钟” sixteen past five5点16分thirty past two2点30分 分钟大于30，就用to来表示，结构“分钟（60减去已知分钟数）+to+下一点钟数” five to nine 8点55分（差5分到9点） 分钟是15，一般用 a quarter来代替fifteen；如果分钟是30，一般用half来代替 thirty。 a quarter past four4点15分 half past three3点30分 2.序数词前面加the时,表示顺序,加a/an时表示“再一、又一”。 如：The third lesson is rather difficult.(第三课相当难) Shall we read the text a third time?(我们把课文读第三遍,好吗？) 3.倍数的表达：(一倍用once，两倍用 twice，两倍以上用基数词＋times。如：5倍five times)。 随堂训练 1．（2025·广东汕头·二模）About ________ of the students in Grade Nine this year were born in the ________. A．four fifths; 1990s B．four fifth; 1996 C．fourth five; 1997 D．four fifth; 1990s 【答案】A 【详解】句意：今年九年级大约五分之四的学生出生于20世纪90年代。 考查分数和年代的表达。分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的。基数词作分子，序数词作分母，除了分子是“1”以外，其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式。表示在某个世纪的几十年代，用“in the +逢十的基数词的复数”。基数词的复数若用阿拉伯数字表示，可直接加s，也可加’s。分析选项可知，只有选项A符合。故选A。 2．（2025·甘肃张掖·三模）The volunteers sent ________ books to a poor village school on Children’s Day. A．two hundreds of B．two hundred C．two hundreds D．two hundred of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：志愿者们在儿童节给一所贫困的乡村学校送了两百本书。 考查大数表达法。two hundreds of错误表达；two hundred两百；two hundreds错误表达；two hundred of……中的两百个。根据“The volunteers sent...books to a poor village school on Children’s Day.”可知，句中指志愿者们给学校送了“两百”本书。“hundred”前有具体数字时，不用复数形式，也不与“of”连用，直接用“数字+ hundred+名词复数”。故选B。 3．（2025·甘肃酒泉·三模）Please turn to page ________ and look at the ________ picture. A．twentieth; third B．twentieth; three C．twenty; third D．twenty; three 【答案】C 【详解】句意：请翻到第二十页，看第三张图片。 考查数词用法。twenty二十，基数词；twentieth第二十，序数词；third第三，序数词；three三，基数词。表示页数时，使用“Page+基数词”，即Page twenty；表示图片的顺序时，使用“the+序数词+名词单数”，即the third picture。故选C。 4．（2025·安徽六安·模拟预测）My uncle joined the Party __________. And he’s ______now. A．in 1970s; in his forties B．in the 1970s; in his fortieth C．in the 1970s; in his forties D．in 1970; in his fourties 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我叔叔在20世纪70年代入党。他现在四十多岁。 考查年代和年龄段的表达。in 1970s错误表达；in the 1970s在20世纪70年代；in 1970在1970年；in his forties在他四十多岁时；in his fortieth在他四十岁的时候；in his fourties拼写错误。根据“My uncle joined the Party... .”以及选项可知，第一空表示在20世纪70年代；根据“he’s...now”以及选项可知，第二空表示四十多岁。故选C。 5．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）—Students in our school donated________ books to the mountain area last month. —That’s so kind of them! These books will bring more knowledge to the kids there. A．two hundreds B．two hundred of C．two hundreds of D．hundreds of 【答案】D 【详解】 句意：——上个月我们学校的学生给山区捐赠了上百本书。——他们真是太好了！这些书将给那里的孩子们带来更多知识。    考查数词用法辨析。two hundreds错误，hundred前有具体数字时，用单数形式，不加“s”；two hundred of错误，two hundred后接名词时，若名词前有限定词（如the, these, those等），需加“of”，即“two hundred of + 限定词 + 名词”；若直接接名词，无需加“of”，应为“two hundred books”；two hundreds of错误。hundred前有具体数字时用单数，不能加“s”；hundreds of表示“成百上千的”，后直接接名词复数，符合句意“捐赠了成百上千本书”。故选D。 6．（2025·云南丽江·一模）—Can you tell me where our school’s music room is? —Sure! It’s on the ________ floor, right above the computer room on the first floor. A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我们学校的音乐室在哪里吗？——当然可以！它在二楼，就在一楼计算机房的正上方。 考查序数词辨析。first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。根据“right above the computer room on the first floor”可知，这里需要一个表示楼层的数词，second符合语境，说明音乐室在一楼的正上方即二楼。故选B。 7．（2025·甘肃平凉·一模）China held a commemoration to celebrate the ________ anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War on September 3rd, 2025. A．eighth B．eighteenth C．eightieth D．eightyth 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中国在2025年9月3日举行纪念活动，庆祝世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年。 考查序数词的用法。eighth第八；eighteenth第十八；eightieth第八十；eightyth错误拼写。根据常识可知，2025年是世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年。故选C。 8．（2025·云南昆明·三模）I am the ________ child of the family. My ________ younger sisters were much younger than me. A．one; two B．first; two C．one; second D．first; second 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我是家里的第一个孩子。我的两个妹妹都比我小很多。 考查数词的用法。one一；two二；first第一；second第二。根据“the...child of the family”可知，此处表示“第一个孩子”，应用序数词“first”；根据“My...younger sisters”可知，此处表示“两个妹妹”，应用基数词two修饰sisters。故选B。 9．（2025·全国·二模）About ________ of people enjoy the TV play. And 70 percent of the music in it ________ very original (原创的). A．three fifths; is B．three fifths; are C．three fifth; is D．three fifth; are 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大约五分之三的人喜欢这部电视剧。其中70%的音乐都是原创的。 考查数词和主谓一致。three fifths五分之三；分子大于一时，用复数形式；故排除CD两项。is是，是第三人称单数形式；are是，是复数形式；分数或百分数修饰名词，作主语，谓语根据所修饰的名词判断，此处music是不可数名词，因此谓语用第三人称单数。故选A。 10．（2025·安徽六安·模拟预测）Because of the special situation last year, about _________ of the students in our school _______ having classes on the Internet at home. A．two thirds; are B．two third; is C．two thirds; was D．two thirds; were 【答案】D 【详解】句意：由于去年的特殊情况，我们学校约三分之二的学生在家通过互联网上课。 考查分数的表达以及主谓一致和时态。空一处表示分数，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母需用复数，因此此处三分之二应表示为two thirds；“分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致，of后the students是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数形式，且根据“last year”可知，时态用一般过去时，因此be用were。故选D。 综合训练 一．单项选择 1．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）Folk music has _________ strong local colour. The ticket to the folk concert has _________ special offer today. A．/; / B．/; a C．the ; the D．a; the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：民间音乐有浓郁的地方色彩。民间音乐会的门票今天有一个特别优惠。 考查冠词用法。a“一个”，表示泛指，用于发音以辅音音素开头的单词之前；an“一个”，表示泛指，用于发音以元音音素开头的单词之前；the“那个”，表示特指。第一空，“local colour” (地方色彩) 为抽象名词，表示一般概念时，使用零冠词；第二空，“special offer” (特别优惠) 为可数名词单数，表示泛指“一个”，需用不定冠词“a”。故选B。 2．（2025·天津·模拟预测）Miss Brown will take ________ second visit to Beijing, a famous city with ________ long history. A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．the; the 【答案】C 【详解】句意：布朗小姐将再次访问北京，这座有着悠久历史的著名城市。 考查冠词辨析。the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，表泛指。根据“take…second visit”可知，此处a+序数词表示“又一、再一”，需用a；根据“with…long history”可知，have a long history表示“有悠久历史”，也需用a。故选C。 3．（25-26九年级上·甘肃平凉·月考）—Mom, I heard you’ll visit a friend who lives near ________ underground library this afternoon. Will you go there by ________ underground? —Yes, it’s fast and convenient. A．a; the B．an; / C．an; the D．a; / 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我听说你今天下午要去拜访一位住在地铁图书馆附近的朋友。你会坐地铁去那里吗？——是的，地铁又快又方便。 考查冠词用法。a一个，不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指；an一个，不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。根据“underground”可知，其以元音音素/ʌ/开头，故用“an”；根据“by...underground”可知，表示交通方式用“by+交通工具”。故选B。 4．（2025·甘肃陇南·三模）I got a hat as a birthday present. ________ hat is very beautiful and I wore it all weekend. A．A B．An C．The D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我收到一顶帽子作为生日礼物。这顶帽子非常漂亮，我整个周末都戴着它。    考查冠词用法辨析。A/An不定冠词，泛指“一个”，A用于辅音音素开头的单词前，An用于元音音素开头的单词前；The定冠词，特指上文提到过的人或物；/零冠词，用于专有名词、复数名词等泛指情况。第一句提到“a hat”，是泛指；第二句再次提到“hat”时，是特指上文中提到的那顶帽子，因此用The。故选C。 5．（2025·上海闵行·三模）Stella, my new classmate, comes from ______ European country. A．an B．the C．a D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：斯特拉，我的新同学，来自一个欧洲国家。 考查冠词用法。an一个（元音音素前）；the特指；a一个（辅音音素前）。此处指“一个欧洲国家”，表泛指，且European以辅音音素/j/开头，用a符合。故选C。 6．（2025·江苏连云港·二模）In 2025, a European scientist invented ______ AI device to help reduce plastic pollution in oceans. A．an B．a C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：2025年，一位欧洲科学家发明了一种人工智能设备来帮助减少海洋中的塑料污染。 考查冠词辨析。an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素前；a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素前；the表特指；/不填。根据“invented...AI device”可知，此处表示首次提及，且“AI”的发音以元音音素开头，此处应用不定冠词an。故选A。 7．（2025·甘肃张掖·二模）—Would you like to go to the concert? —It’ll start in ________ hour and ________ half. A．an; an B．a; an C．an; a D．a; a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你想去听音乐会吗？——一个半小时后开始。 考查冠词辨析。an一个，不定冠词，表示泛指，常用于以元音音素开头的字母或单词前；a一个，不定冠词，表示泛指，常用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前。第一空后是hour，是以元音音素开头，第一空应用an；第二空后为half，是以辅音音素开头，第二空应用a。故选C。 二．单句语法填空 1．（2025·云南丽江·一模）Pan Zhanle is a great and has many fans. (swim) 【答案】swimmer 【详解】句意：潘展乐是一位优秀的游泳运动员，拥有许多粉丝。根据“Pan Zhanle”以及常识可知，潘展乐是一位优秀的游泳运动员，swimmer符合，根据“a”可知，此处用单数形式。故填swimmer。 2．（2025·吉林通化·模拟预测）Under the new rules, (factory) will reduce costs by as much as 10%. 【答案】factories 【详解】句意：根据新规定，工厂将降低高达10%的成本。factory“工厂”，应涉及多个工厂，用复数形式。故填factories。 3．（25-26九年级上·甘肃平凉·月考）In the history class, we learned that many famous (Germany), like Einstein and Beethoven, have made great contributions to world science and culture. 【答案】Germans 【详解】句意：在历史课上，我们了解到许多著名的德国人，比如爱因斯坦和贝多芬，为世界科学和文化做出了巨大贡献。Germany“德国”，名词；根据“famous”和“like Einstein and Beethoven”可知，此处应用名词，指“德国人”，German“德国人”，可数名词；由many可知此处用复数名词，German复数形式为Germans。故填Germans。 4．（2025·全国·模拟预测）These (German) have already been used to eating beef noodles. 【答案】Germans 【详解】句意：这些德国人已经习惯了吃牛肉面。be used to doing“习惯于做某事”，German“德国人”，空格前面的指示代词是复数these，German的复数形式是Germans。故填Germans。 5．（2025·西藏·一模）June 1st is (child) Day. Charlotte is looking forward to her gifts. 【答案】Children’s 【详解】句意：六月一日是儿童节。Charlotte正在期待她的礼物。根据“June 1st is…Day.”可知此处表示儿童节，应用“child”的复数名词所有格，“child”的复数是“children”，变成所有格为“children’s”，此处表示节日，是专有名词，首字母需大写。故填Children’s。 6．（2025·甘肃平凉·二模）Do you often take part in your school (activity)? 【答案】activities 【详解】句意：你经常参加学校的活动吗？根据“Do you often take part in your school...”以及备选词汇可知，此处指参加学校的活动；activity是可数名词，学校活动通常不止一种，应用复数形式activities。故填activities。 7．（2025·云南昆明·三模）My father went fishing yesterday and he caught a lot of . (fish) 【答案】fish 【详解】句意：我爸爸昨天去钓鱼，钓到了很多鱼。根据“My father went fishing yesterday and he caught a lot of…. (fish)”可知，短语a lot of“很多”后接名词复数形式，fish“鱼”单复数同形。故填fish。 8．（2025·甘肃张掖·三模）My parents are showing a friend of (they) around our community. 【答案】theirs 【详解】句意：我父母正在带他们的一个朋友参观我们的社区。根据“showing a friend of”可知，此处带“父母的朋友”，需要双重所有格，此处用名词性物主代词，故填theirs。 9．（25-26九年级上·全国·课后作业）The two (policeman) searched the house and found nothing. 【答案】policemen 【详解】句意：两名警察搜查了房子，什么也没发现。two后跟可数名词复数，policeman的复数为policemen。故填policemen。 10．（2025·云南昆明·三模）There used to be many (wolf) in the past, but now only a few of them remain. 【答案】wolves 【详解】句意：过去曾有许多狼，但现在仅剩下几只。“many”后接可数名词复数，wolf的复数形式为wolves，故填wolves。 11．（2025·甘肃武威·模拟预测）Chong Yang Festival comes in September of Chinese lunar calendar, the (nine) month of the year. 【答案】ninth 【详解】句意：重阳节在农历九月，也就是一年中的第九个月。根据“Chong Yang Festival comes in September of Chinese lunar calendar, the ... month of the year.”可知，农历九月是一年中的第九个月，此处用序数词ninth“第九”表示顺序。故填ninth。 12．（2025·全国·模拟预测）The man started his writing career in his (forty), but he still achieved success. 【答案】forties 【详解】句意：这个人在四十多岁时才开始了他的写作生涯，但是他仍然取得了成功。根据“The man started his writing career in his…”及所给词可知，此处是“in one’s+整十的复数形式”，表示“在某人几十多岁的时候”，forty是数词，四十，此处用复数形式。故填forties。 13．（2025·云南玉溪·三模）China is the nation which sent Chang’e VI to the far side of the moon. (one) 【答案】first 【详解】句意：中国是第一个将嫦娥六号发送到月球背面的国家。根据“China is the...nation...”可知，此处是指第一个国家，应用one的序数词形式first“第一”。故填first。 14．（2025·云南昆明·三模）December 20th, 2024 marks the anniversary (周年) of Macao’s return to China. (twenty-five) 【答案】twenty-fifth 【详解】句意：2024年12月20日是澳门回归中国的二十五周年。根据“anniversary (周年) of Macao’s return to China”可知，此处指第二十五周年，应该用序数词。故填twenty-fifth。 15．（2025·甘肃张掖·三模）In the (three) month after I joined the basketball club, I learned many new skills. 【答案】third 【详解】句意：在我加入篮球俱乐部后的第三个月，我学到了很多新技能。根据“In the month”可知，这里表示第三个月，要用序数词形式。故填third。 16．（2025·全国·二模）The Smiths moved into their new house which is on the (twenty) floor. 【答案】twentieth 【详解】句意：史密斯一家搬进了他们位于二十楼的新房子。在英语中，表示“在第几层楼”时，需用序数词，结构为“on the+序数词+floor”；twentieth是twenty的序数词形式，用于表示“第二十层”。故填twentieth。 17．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）So far, five of the visitors have visited Yangzhou Grand Canal Musuem. (twelve) 【答案】twelfths 【详解】句意：到目前为止，十二分之五的游客已经参观过扬州大运河博物馆。根据“five...of the visitors”可知，此处表示分数。英语中分数的表达规则为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。“十二”的基数词为twelve，其对应的序数词为twelfth，分子是five（大于1），所以分母要用复数形式twelfths。故填twelfths。 18．（2025·甘肃酒泉·三模）There were eight (hundred) students taking the exams. 【答案】hundred 【详解】句意：有八百名学生参加考试。根据“eight”可知，空前有具体数字，hundred“百”要用单数。故填hundred。 19．（2025·江苏淮安·二模）—Joan’s (twelve) birthday is coming. I’d like to give her a present. —She likes DIY. You can make a card. 【答案】twelfth 【详解】句意：——琼的十二岁生日快到了。我想送她一件礼物。——她喜欢DIY。你可以做一张卡片。空格在名词所有格和单数名词之间，可知填序数词twelfth“第十二”，指“第十二个生日”。故填twelfth。 20．（2025·江苏·二模）Tommy tried his best and finished in the 100-meter race at last. (two) 【答案】second 【详解】句意：汤米竭尽全力，最终在100米赛跑中获得第二名。根据“Tommy tried his best and finished”可知，表示比赛结束时的名次情况；在表示比赛名次时，需要用序数词。two序数词是second，意思是“第二”，finish second即“获得第二名”，符合句子语境。故填second。 三．用所给词的正确形式填空 1.It's _____________(health) to eat lots of fast food. If you want to keep _____________(health), you'd better have food that is good for your _____________(health). Eat _____________(health) and enjoy your life. 2. More and more people realise the _____________(important) of sports. If you want to keep fit, it's _____________(important) to exercise every day. 3. Remember to be _____________(active) and take part in sports _____________(active) as often as you can. 4. I received an _____________(invite) from Anna yesterday. She _____________(invite) me to her birthday party. 5. During a meal in the _____________(west), you should know what to do and not to do. In other words, when you eat _____________(west) food, do as _____________(west) do. 6. Ebola is a new kind of _____________(ill). It makes people _____________(ill) and has killed about 7,000 people, mostly in West Africa. 【答案】1. unhealthy, healthy, health, healthily2. importance, important3. active, activities/ actively4. invitation, invited5. West, Western, Westerners6.illness, ill 四．语法填空 （2023·广东深圳·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As the Chinese saying goes, “Food is the first necessity (必需品) of the people.” Chinese people often greet each other by asking, “Did you eat?” instead 1 “How are you?” Chinese food culture has attracted many foreigners, including Fifa from Madagascar (马达加斯加). On Fifa’s 2 (eleven) birthday, her parents took her to a local Chinese restaurant for dinner. The food there was so 3 (taste) that she asked her parents to take her there more often. Since then, Fifa has developed a deep love for Chinese food. In 2010, Fifa 4 (come) to study in a Chinese university. For her, this was a great chance 5 (discover) more about Chinese food. Over the past years, she has tried many 6 (dish) and drinks from different places in China, such as hot dry noodles in Hubei and morning tea in Guangdong. She has found out 7 makes each area’s cuisine (美食) special. In addition to the mouth-watering food, the cultural traditions behind it have also left 8 deep impression on her. For example, in Guangdong, morning tea is not only about the snacks, 9 also about the valuable time people spend with their family and friends. Fifa said that she was 10 (real) amazed at how food could hold so much meaning. For her, it was an eye-opening experience that she would always remember. 【答案】 1．of 2．eleventh 3．tasty 4．came 5．to discover 6．dishes 7．what 8．a 9．but 10．really 【导语】本文主要讲述了来自马达加斯加的Fifa对中国食物文化的喜爱，包括她第一次接触中国食物的经历、在中国学习期间对中国各地美食的探索以及美食背后的文化传统给她留下的深刻印象。 1．句意：中国人经常用“你吃了吗？”而不是“你好吗？”来互相问候。根据“instead...‘How are you?’”可知，此处考查短语instead of“代替；而不是”。故填of。 2．句意：在Fifa的11岁生日那天，她的父母带她去当地的一家中国餐馆吃晚饭。根据“On Fifa’s...birthday”可知，此处表示“第11个生日”，应该用序数词eleventh。故填eleventh。 3．句意：那里的食物很好吃，她让父母经常带她去那里。根据“The food there was so...”可知，此处应该用形容词tasty“美味的”，在句中作表语。故填tasty。 4．句意：2010年，Fifa来到中国的一所大学学习。根据“In 2010”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词come应该用其过去式came“来”。故填came。 5．句意：对她来说，这是一个发现更多中国食物的绝佳机会。discover“发现”，根据“this was a great chance...more about Chinese food”可知，此处考查短语a chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”，动词不定式作后置定语。故填to discover。 6．句意：在过去的几年里，她尝试了许多来自中国不同地方的美食和饮料，比如湖北的热干面和广东的早茶。many后接可数名词复数形式，dish的复数为dishes“菜”。故填dishes。 7．句意：她已经发现了是什么让每个地区的美食变得特别。根据“She has found out...makes each area’s cuisine special.”可知，此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，且表示“什么”，应该用what来引导宾语从句。故填what。 8．句意：除了令人垂涎的食物，其背后的文化传统也给她留下了深刻的印象。根据“the cultural traditions behind it have also left...deep impression on her”可知，此处考查短语leave a deep impression on sb.“给某人留下深刻印象”。故填a。 9．句意：例如，在广东，早茶不仅仅是关于小吃，也是关于人们与家人和朋友共度的宝贵时间。根据“not only about the snacks,...also about the valuable time people spend with their family and friends”可知，此处考查短语not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 10．句意：Fifa说，她真的很惊讶食物竟然能包含如此多的意义。根据“Fifa said that she was...amazed”可知，此处应该用副词really“真正地”，修饰形容词amazed。故填really。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $