内容正文:
Starter 衔接单元 词汇、短语和句型背记
一、核心词汇
英文单词
音标
中文释义
词性
备注(常见搭配/例句提示)
idiom
/ˈɪdiəm/
习语;成语
n.
搭配English idioms(英语习语),例:“Break a leg” is a common English idiom.(“祝你好运”是常用的英语习语)
difference
/ˈdɪfrəns/
差异;不同
n.
搭配difference between A and B(A和B的差异),例:There are differences between British and American English.(英式英语和美式英语有差异)
pronunciation
/prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/
发音
n.
搭配correct pronunciation(正确发音),例:She has good English pronunciation.(她的英语发音很好)
spelling
/ˈspelɪŋ/
拼写
n.
搭配spelling rules(拼写规则),例:Pay attention to the spelling of this word.(注意这个单词的拼写)
dictionary
/ˈdɪkʃənri/
词典;字典
n.
搭配use a dictionary(查词典),例:You can look up the word in the dictionary.(你可以在词典里查这个词)
advantage
/ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/
优势;好处
n.
搭配the advantage of(……的优势),例:Learning English has many advantages.(学习英语有很多好处)
style
/staɪl/
风格;类型
n.
搭配learning style(学习风格),例:Everyone has their own learning style.(每个人都有自己的学习风格)
synonym
/ˈsɪnənɪm/
同义词
n.
搭配a synonym for(……的同义词),例:“Happy” is a synonym for “glad”.(“Happy”是“glad”的同义词)
antonym
/ˈæntənɪm/
反义词
n.
搭配an antonym for(……的反义词),例:“Big” is an antonym for “small”.(“Big”是“small”的反义词)
phrase
/freɪz/
短语;词组
n.
搭配set phrases(固定短语),例:This phrase is often used in daily conversation.(这个短语常用于日常对话)
communication
/kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/
交流;沟通
n.
搭配verbal communication(语言交流),例:English is an important tool for international communication.(英语是国际交流的重要工具)
context
/ˈkɒntekst/
语境;上下文
n.
搭配in context(在语境中),例:You can understand the word better in context.(结合语境你能更好地理解这个词)
quiz
/kwɪz/
小测验;问答游戏
n.
搭配a quiz about(关于……的小测验),例:We did a quiz about learning styles.(我们做了一个关于学习风格的小测验)
conclusion
/kənˈkluːʒn/
结论;结局
n.
搭配draw a conclusion(得出结论),例:From the quiz, we can draw a conclusion about our learning styles.(通过测验,我们能得出关于自己学习风格的结论)
二、重点短语
英文短语
中文释义
搭配/例句
look up
查阅;查找
When you don’t know a word, look it up in the dictionary.(当你不认识某个单词时,在词典里查找它)
break a leg
祝你好运(习语)
Before the performance, his friend said “Break a leg” to him.(表演前,他的朋友对他说“祝你好运”)
under the weather
身体不适;不舒服(习语)
She didn’t go to school because she was feeling under the weather.(她没去上学,因为她感觉身体不舒服)
go Dutch
AA制;各自付账(习语)
We decided to go Dutch when we ate at the restaurant.(我们在餐厅吃饭时决定AA制)
have...in common
有共同之处
British English and American English have a lot in common.(英式英语和美式英语有很多共同之处)
take it easy
别紧张;放松点
Take it easy, you’ll do well in the English test.(别紧张,你英语考试会表现得很好的)
depend on
依靠;依赖
Don’t depend on translations when reading English books.(读英语书时别依赖翻译)
in daily life
在日常生活中
We use English in many ways in daily life.(我们在日常生活中从多方面使用英语)
learning style
学习风格
Visual learners have a different learning style from auditory learners.(视觉学习者和听觉学习者有不同的学习风格)
word formation
构词法
We can expand our vocabulary through word formation.(我们可以通过构词法扩大词汇量)
三、核心句型
句型结构
中文释义
例句
备注(用法说明)
询问数量(可数名词):How many + 可数名词复数 + (are there/do you have...)?
有多少……?/你有多少……?
A: How many people speak English as their first language? B: About 300 million.(A:有多少人把英语作为母语?B:大约3亿)
用于询问可数名词的数量,单元核心基础句型
询问数量(不可数名词):How much + 不可数名词 + (is there/do you need...)?
有多少……?/你需要多少……?
A: How much information online is in English? B: About 60%.(A:网上有多少信息是英文的?B:大约60%)
用于询问不可数名词的数量
辨析单词含义:The word “...” has several meanings. For example, ...
“……”这个词有好几种意思。例如……
The word “cross” has several meanings. For example, it can mean “to go across” or “angry”.(“cross”这个词有好几种意思。例如,它可以表示“穿过”或“生气的”)
适配单词多义辨析场景
表达英美差异:In British English, we call it “...”, but in American English, it’s “...”.
在英式英语中,我们称之为“……”,但在美式英语中,它是“……”。
In British English, we call it “taxi”, but in American English, it’s “cab”.(在英式英语中,我们称之为“taxi”,但在美式英语中,它是“cab”)
用于区分英美英语的词汇差异
询问学习风格:What’s your learning style? Do you like learning by...?
你的学习风格是什么?你喜欢通过……学习吗?
A: What’s your learning style? B: I like learning by doing things.(A:你的学习风格是什么?B:我喜欢通过动手做事情学习)
贴合学习风格识别场景
表达英语的好处:Learning English helps me... / It allows me to...
学习英语帮助我……/它让我能够……
Learning English helps me make friends from other countries.(学习英语帮助我结交来自其他国家的朋友)
用于谈论学习英语的优势
运用习语交流:I’m feeling..., so I need to...(用习语)
我感觉……,所以我需要……
I’m feeling under the weather, so I need to have a good rest.(我感觉身体不舒服,所以我需要好好休息)
强化习语的实际运用
四、语法与词汇拓展(单元核心考点)
1. 基础句型How many/How much...? 用法对比
句型
适用名词类型
结构示例
单元例句
How many...?
可数名词复数
How many + 复数名词 + 一般疑问句
How many English idioms do you know?(你知道多少个英语习语?)
How much...?
不可数名词
How much + 不可数名词 + 一般疑问句
How much time do you spend learning English every day?(你每天花多少时间学习英语?)
2. 同音异义词与多义词辨析
类型
含义
单元示例
备注
同音异义词
发音相同,拼写和含义不同
“Right” can mean “correct” or “the direction”.(“Right”可以表示“正确的”或“右边”)
需结合语境判断含义
多义词
拼写相同,发音和含义不同
“Fine” can mean “in good health” or “very thin”.(“Fine”可以表示“身体好”或“纤细的”)
查词典时关注多义项
3. 英语习语运用
习语
含义
适用场景
单元例句
break a leg
祝你好运
演出、考试前祝福
Before the speech contest, she said “Break a leg” to her classmate.(演讲比赛前,她对同学说“祝你好运”)
under the weather
身体不适
表达身体状态
He told his teacher he was under the weather and couldn’t come to class.(他告诉老师自己身体不舒服,不能来上课)
go Dutch
AA制
吃饭、消费时
They often go Dutch when they hang out together.(他们一起出去玩时经常AA制)
4. 学习风格分类
学习风格
特点
单元例句
Learning by seeing(视觉型)
喜欢通过看图片、图表学习
She is a visual learner. She remembers new words by looking at mind maps.(她是视觉型学习者,通过看思维导图记单词)
Learning by hearing(听觉型)
喜欢通过听故事、音频学习
He likes learning by hearing. He often listens to English stories to improve his listening.(他喜欢听觉型学习,经常听英语故事提升听力)
Learning by doing(动觉型)
喜欢通过动手实践学习
They are kinesthetic learners. They learn English by doing activities and games.(他们是动觉型学习者,通过做活动和游戏学习英语)
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