Unit 1 The lion and the mouse（知识清单）英语译林版三起六年级下册

该小学英语知识清单系统梳理了“Unit 1 The lion and the mouse”单元内容，涵盖语音语调、必记单词、常考短语、必会句型及核心语法五大知识范畴，搭建了从基础积累到核心语法应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“考点分级+典例解析+提分练习”构建知识体系，如将一般过去时等4个核心语法设为考点，标注规则变化与不规则动词（如bite-bit），强调形容词与副词位置差异（形容词修饰名词、副词修饰动词），培养学生语言能力与思维品质。提分练习分选择和填空，适配不同水平学生自主巩固，教师可精准把握重难点，提升教学实效。

Unit 1 The lion and the mouse知 识 归 纳 语音语调 1.一般疑问句：升调（句尾音调上扬） 例：What do you want to buy?（↗） 2.其他问句（特殊疑问句等）：降调（句尾音调下降） 例：Where are you going?（↘） 必记单词 lion 狮子 mouse 老鼠（复数 mice） large 大的 small 小的 strong 强壮的 weak 虚弱的 sharp 锋利的；尖的 blunt 钝的 bite 咬 let 让 let...go 放开；释放 help 帮助 sad 难过的 happy 高兴的 ask 问 answer 回答 quiet 安静的 loud 大声的 net 网 catch 抓住 get out 出来 soon 很快 become 变成 friends 朋友forest 森林 hungry 饿的 angry 生气的 afraid 害怕的 brave 勇敢的 clever 聪明的 foolish 愚蠢的 quickly 快速地 slowly 慢慢地 sadly 难过地 happily 高兴地 常考短语 1. in the forest 在森林里 2. a large lion 一只大狮子 3. a small mouse 一只小老鼠 4. be strong and sharp 又强壮又锋利 5. be weak and small 又弱小又无力 6. bite the net 咬网 7. let...go 放开…… 8. catch the mouse 抓住老鼠 9. get out of the net 从网里出来 10. make a big hole 弄一个大洞 11. with his teeth 用他的牙齿 12. from then on 从那时起 13. become good friends 成为好朋友 14. be angry with 对…… 生气 15. be afraid of 害怕…… 16. hunt for food 寻找食物 17. just then 就在那时 18. help the lion 帮助狮子 19. thank the mouse 感谢老鼠 20. a clever mouse 一只聪明的老鼠 必会句型 1. There was a lion in the forest. 森林里有一只狮子。 2. The lion was large and strong. 这只狮子又大又强壮。 3. The mouse was small and weak. 这只老鼠又小又虚弱。 4. The lion bit the net with his sharp teeth, but it didn't help. 狮子用他锋利的牙齿咬网，但是没用。 5. The mouse made a big hole in the net with his teeth. 老鼠用他的牙齿在网上弄了一个大洞。 6. —Why did the lion let the mouse go? 狮子为什么放开了老鼠？ —Because the mouse was very afraid. 因为老鼠非常害怕。 7. From then on, the lion and the mouse became good friends. 从那时起，狮子和老鼠成为了好朋友。 8. The lion could not get out of the net. 狮子不能从网里出来了。 9. Just then, a mouse walked by. 就在那时，一只老鼠经过。 10. I can help you. 我能帮助你。 核心语法 1. 一般过去时的用法（描述过去发生的动作和状态） 2. 动词过去式的变化规则（规则与不规则变化） 3. 形容词变副词的用法 4. there be 句型的一般过去时（there was/there were） 考 点 速 记 考点 01 一般过去时的用法（描述过去发生的动作和状态）基本含义：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。 时间状语：yesterday（昨天）、last week（上周）、ago（…… 以前）、just then（就在那时）、from then on（从那时起）、in the past（在过去）等。 用法结构： 描述状态：主语 + was/were + 形容词 / 介词短语 + 其他. 描述动作：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他.答句：Because + 句子（说明原因）。 解析： 1.be 动词的过去式：am/is → was；are → were。 2.实义动词的过去式分为规则变化和不规则变化，需准确记忆。 3.否定句：状态句在 was/were 后加 not；动作句加 didn't，动词变回原形。 4.一般疑问句：状态句将 was/were 提到句首；动作句用 Did 开头，动词变回原形。 典例： 1.The lion was angry yesterday. 狮子昨天很生气。（状态） 2.The mouse bit the net last night. 老鼠昨晚咬了网。（动作） 3.—Did the lion catch the mouse? 狮子抓住老鼠了吗？ —Yes, he did. 是的，他抓住了。、 提分练 一、单项选择： 1.There ______ a lion in the forest many years ago. A. is B. was C. were 2.The mouse ______ small and weak, but it was clever. A. is B. was C. were 3.The lion ______ the mouse and let it go. A. catch B. catches C. caught 4.—______ the mouse help the lion? —Yes, it did. A. Do B. Does C. Did 5.They ______ good friends from then on. A. become B. became C. becomes 二、按要求填空（用 be 动词或所给动词的适当形式填空）： 1.The lion ______ (be) large and strong. He lived in a cave. 2.The mouse ______ (not be) big. But it ______ (have) sharp teeth. 3.Yesterday, my brother ______ (see) a mouse in the kitchen. 4.The lion ______ (not eat) the mouse. He let it go. 5.Just then, the girl ______ (walk) by and helped the old man. 考点 02 动词过去式的变化规则（规则与不规则变化） 1.规则变化： 一般情况直接加 -ed：work—worked；play—played；help—helped 以 e 结尾加 -d：like—liked；live—lived；hope—hoped 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 -ed：cry—cried；try—tried；study—studied 重读闭音节双写末尾辅音字母加 -ed：stop—stopped；plan—planned；drop—dropped 2.不规则变化（核心必记）： bite—bit 抓；咬 catch—caught 抓住 let—let 让 go—went 去 get—got 得到 become—became 变成 see—saw 看见 have—had 有 解析： 1.规则变化的动词过去式发音：清辅音后读 /t/（worked），浊辅音和元音后读 /d/（played），t/d 后读 /id/（wanted）。 2.不规则动词过去式无固定规则，需单独记忆，本单元重点掌握与故事相关的不规则动词。 典例： 1.The student studied hard last term. 这个学生上学期学习很努力。（规则变化） 2.The lion bit the net with his teeth. 狮子用牙齿咬网。（不规则变化） 3.She became a teacher when she was 22. 她 22 岁时成为了一名老师。（不规则变化） 提分练 一、单项选择： 1.The boy ______ his homework an hour ago. A. finish B. finished C. finishes 2.My mother ______ a cake for me yesterday. A. make B. makes C. made 3.They ______ to the park last Sunday. A. go B. went C. goes 4.The girl ______ a storybook last night. A. read B. reads C. reading 5.He ______ his teeth and went to bed. A. brush B. brushed C. brushes 二、按要求填空（用所给动词的适当形式填空）： 1.The mouse ______ (bite) the net and helped the lion get out. 2.We ______ (visit) our grandparents last weekend. 3.She ______ (cry) because she lost her toy. 4.The lion ______ (catch) the mouse, but he didn't eat it. 5.They ______ (plan) to go hiking yesterday, but it rained. 考点 03 形容词变副词的用法：核心用法： 形容词用来修饰名词，放在名词前，如：a happy boy（一个开心的男孩）、heavy rain（大雨）。 副词用来修饰动词，放在动词后，如：laugh happily（开心地笑）、play football happily（开心地踢足球）。 形容词变副词的规则： 规则 1：一般直接加 -ly 例：quick → quickly（快速地）；loud → loudly（大声地） 规则 2：以辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 -ly 例：happy → happily（开心地）；sad → sadly（难过地） 规则 3：形副一致（无变化） 例：hard → hard（努力地）；early → early（早地）；fast → fast（快地） 规则 4：特殊形式 例：good → well（好地） 解析： 1.注意区分形容词和副词的位置：形容词在名词前，副词在动词后。 2.特殊变化需单独记忆（如 good→well），是考试高频考点。 [拓展] 1.系表结构: (注意不用副词)be, feel, look, sound, smell, become, keep + 形容词 2.fast ,hard ,high,early,late, 形容和副词同形典例： 典例： 1.形容词：He is a quiet boy.（他是个安静的男孩） 2.副词：He speaks quietly.（他小声地说话） 3.形容词：It is heavy rain.（这是一场大雨） 4.副词：It rains heavily.（雨下得很大） 提分练 一、单项选择： 1.The girl is ______. She sings ______. A. happy; happy B. happy; happily C. happily; happy 2.He runs ______. He is a ______ runner. A. fast; fast B. fast; fastly C. fastly; fast 3.The boy is ______. He laughs ______. A. excited; excited B. excited; excitedly C. excitedly; excited 4.She is a ______ student. She studies ______. A. good; good B. well; good C. good; well 5.The lion shouted ______ at the mouse. A. loud B. loudly C. loudy 二、按要求填空（用所给词的适当形式填空）： 1.The mouse said ______ (quiet) to the lion. 2.The boy is ______ (happy). He laughs ______ (happy). 3.She is an ______ (excite) girl. She jumps ______ (excite). 4.The lion asked ______ (sad) “Who can help me?” 5.He is a ______ (good) player. He plays basketball ______ (good). 考点 04 there be 句型的一般过去时（there was/there were）解析：基本结构： 单数 / 不可数名词：There was + 名词 + 地点 / 时间. 复数名词：There were + 名词 + 地点 / 时间. 否定句：There was/were + not + 名词 + 地点 / 时间.（was not = wasn't；were not = weren't） 一般疑问句：Was/Were there + 名词 + 地点 / 时间？（肯定回答：Yes, there was/were. 否定回答：No, there wasn't/weren't.） 1.be 动词的单复数由后面的名词决定，遵循 “就近原则”。 2.变一般疑问句时，将 was/were 提到句首，句末用问号。 典例： 1.There was a small mouse in the cave. 洞穴里有一只小老鼠。 2.There were many trees in the forest ten years ago. 十年前森林里有很多树。 3.—Was there a lion in the zoo? 动物园里有狮子吗？ —Yes, there was. 是的，有。 提分练 一、单项选择： 1.There ______ a book and two pens on the desk yesterday. A. is B. was C. were 2.______ there any water in the bottle just now? A. Is B. Was C. Were 3.There ______ no schools in this village many years ago. A. is B. was C. were 4.—Were there any animals in the park? —______, there weren't. A. Yes B. No C. Maybe 5.There ______ a big tree in front of my house last year. A. is B. was C. were 二、按要求填空（用 was 或 were 填空）： 1.There ______ a lion in the forest. He was very strong. 2.There ______ two mice in the hole. They were small. 3.______ there a net on the ground? Yes, there was. 4.There ______ no food in the fridge yesterday. 5.—______ there any students in the classroom? —No, there ______. 参考答案 （1）一般过去时的用法 一、单项选择 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.B 二、按要求填空 1.was 2.wasn't; had 3.saw 4.didn't eat 5.walked （2）动词过去式的变化规则 一、单项选择 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B 二、按要求填空 1.bit 2.visited 3.cried 4.caught 5.planned （3） 形容词变副词的用法 一、单项选择 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.B 二、按要求填空 1.quietly 2.happy; happily 3.excited; excitedly 4.sadly 5.good; well （4）there be 句型的一般过去时 一、单项选择 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B 二、按要求填空 1.was 2.were 3.Was 4.was 5.Were; weren't 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $