10.4 Being an Adult- Grammar&Writing(同步练习)-《英语 基础模块3》(语文版2022版)《上好课》(原卷版+解析版)
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《英语 基础模块3》(语文版2022版)
Unit10 Being an Adult
课时4 Grammar&Writing
同步练习
一、单项选择
1.He asked me ________ I bought the new book.
A.where B.that C.what D.who
2.— Could you tell me ________ the train leaves?
— At 3:00 p.m.
A.when B.where C.how D.why
3.Either you or your brother _________ to take part in the activity.
A.have B.has C.are D.is
4.Mary ________ English very well.
A.speak B.speaks C.speaking D.to speak
5.If I ______ you, I ________ more attention to English idioms and phrases.
A.was; shall pay B.am; will pay
C.were; would pay D.were; paid
6.The teacher required that all the homework ________ before Friday.
A.be finished B.finish C.finished D.would be finished
7.________ Charlie’s address, we couldn’t get in touch with him.
A.Not knowing B.Not known C.Knowing D.Don’t know
8.We are thinking about ________ a trip this winter.
A.make B.to make C.making D.made
9.The man by the police just now gave different descriptions of the accident.
A.questioned B.to question C.questions D.questioning
10.I am looking forward to ________ from you soon.
A.hear B.hears C.hearing D.to hear
二、改错
11.It is not sure if the acid rain will continue or not at present. (单句改错)
12.There [A]are [B]a cat and two [C]chickens [D]in the small room. (指错并改错)
13.[A] If I had known [B]that, I [C]wouldn’t [D]do so. (指出错误并改错)
14.He used to playing basketball after school. (单句改错)
15.[A]Let [B]me [C]to introduce [D]myself to you! (指错并改错)
三、翻译
16.你能告诉我如何去火车站吗?(句子汉译英)
17.他们帮助人们过上更好更幸福的生活。(句子汉译英)
18.我们班三分之一的同学坐公交车上学。(句子汉译英)
19.我知道他为什么迟到。(句子汉译英)
20.如果我是你,我会选择留下来继续学习。
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《英语 基础模块3》(语文版2022版)
Unit10 Being an Adult
课时4 Grammar&Writing
同步练习
一、单项选择
1.He asked me ________ I bought the new book.
A.where B.that C.what D.who
【答案】A
【详解】考查名从连词。句意:他问我在哪里买的这本新书。分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,根据句意可知,从句询问地点符合语境,用where引导。故选A。
2.— Could you tell me ________ the train leaves?
— At 3:00 p.m.
A.when B.where C.how D.why
【答案】A
【详解】考查名从连词。句意:—— 你能告诉我火车什么时候开吗?—— 下午3点。分析句子可知,空处引导宾语从句,答语是时刻点,宾语从句用when引导,故A选项符合要求。故选A。
3.Either you or your brother _________ to take part in the activity.
A.have B.has C.are D.is
【答案】B
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:要么你,要么你哥哥得参加这个活动。分析句子可知,“either ... or ...” 连接并列主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则,即与“your brother”(第三人称单数)保持一致;此句应是强调不得不做,所以应使用has to。故选B。
4.Mary ________ English very well.
A.speak B.speaks C.speaking D.to speak
【答案】B
【详解】考查一般现在时及主谓一致。句意:玛丽英语说得很好。分析句子可知,句子描述常态,用一般现在时,主语“Mary”是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,“speak”的第三人称单数是speaks。故选B。
5.If I ______ you, I ________ more attention to English idioms and phrases.
A.was; shall pay B.am; will pay
C.were; would pay D.were; paid
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我是你,我会更加注意英语习语和短语。在虚拟条件句中,表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句用一般过去时(be动词一般用were),主句用“would +动词原形”。分析句子可知,本句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,所以第一空用were;主句用would pay。故选C。
6.The teacher required that all the homework ________ before Friday.
A.be finished B.finish C.finished D.would be finished
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:老师要求所有作业在星期五之前完成。分析句子可知,“require”(要求)后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可省略,且作业是被完成,用被动语态(should be +过去分词),即“(should) be finished”。故选A。
7.________ Charlie’s address, we couldn’t get in touch with him.
A.Not knowing B.Not known C.Knowing D.Don’t know
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:因为不知道查理的地址,我们没法联系到他。分析句子结构可知,句子已有谓语动词“couldn’t get in touch”,且无连词连接,故空处为非谓语动词,句子主语we与know是主动关系,需用现在分词形式;结合“couldn’t get in touch with him”的结果,可知是“不知道地址”,故用否定形式“Not knowing”。故选A。
8.We are thinking about ________ a trip this winter.
A.make B.to make C.making D.made
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们正在考虑今年冬天去旅行。think about意为“考虑”,其后可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。故选C。
9.The man by the police just now gave different descriptions of the accident.
A.questioned B.to question C.questions D.questioning
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:刚才被警察审问的那个男人就事故给出了不同的描述。空处作后置定语,修饰The man,且此处表示被审问,应用过去分词questioned,表示被动。故选A。
10.I am looking forward to ________ from you soon.
A.hear B.hears C.hearing D.to hear
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语。句意:我期待着很快收到你的来信。分析句子可知,此处用法为“look forward to doing sth.”是固定搭配,意为“期待做某事”,空处动名词作宾语。故选C。
二、改错
11.It is not sure if the acid rain will continue or not at present. (单句改错)
【答案】if→whether
【详解】考查主语从句引导词。句意:目前还不确定酸雨是否会持续。在宾语从句中,当有“or not”时,常用whether而不用if来引导,所以要把if改为whether。故答案为:if→whether。
12.There [A]are [B]a cat and two [C]chickens [D]in the small room. (指错并改错)
【答案】A;is
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:小房间里有一只猫和两只鸡。there be句型遵循“就近原则”,即be动词的单复数由离它最近的名词决定;本句中离be动词最近的名词是a cat是单数,因此be动词应用单数形式is。原句中A项are不符合就近原则的要求,应改为is。故答案为:A;is。
13.[A] If I had known [B]that, I [C]wouldn’t [D]do so. (指出错误并改错)
【答案】D;have done
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我早知道那样,我就不会这样做了。“If I had known that”是对过去情况进行假设的条件状语从句,主句应用“would have done”来表示与过去事实相反的结果;因此D项do应改为have done。故答案为:D;have done。
14.He used to playing basketball after school. (单句改错)
【答案】playing→ play
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他过去常常放学后打篮球。used to do sth. 表示“过去常常做某事(现在已经不做了)”,to后面要接动词原形。故答案为:playing→ play。
15.[A]Let [B]me [C]to introduce [D]myself to you! (指错并改错)
【答案】C;去掉to
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:让我向你介绍我自己!let sb. do sth.是固定搭配,意为“让某人做某事”,其中do需用动词原形,不需要加to。原句中C项to introduce多了不定式符号to,不符合这一搭配规则。因此C项应去掉to。故答案为:C;去掉to。
三、翻译
16.你能告诉我如何去火车站吗?(句子汉译英)
【答案】Could you tell me how to get to the railway station?
【详解】考查一般疑问句。根据句意和“?”可知,这是一个一般现在时的一般疑问句。你能告诉我吗?:Could you tell me ...?,是常用的委婉请求的询问方式,其中,you作主语,tell作谓语;me作间接宾语;如何去火车站:how to get to the railway station,是“疑问词+不定式”结构作直接宾语。故本句译为:Could you tell me how to get to the railway station?
17.他们帮助人们过上更好更幸福的生活。(句子汉译英)
【答案】They help people (to) live a better and happier life.
【详解】考查陈述句。根据句意和“。”可知,这是一个一般现在时的陈述句。他们:They,作主语;帮助:help,谓语;人们:people,作宾语;过上更好更幸福的生活:(to) live a better and happier life,动词不定式短语,作宾语补足语。故本句译为:They help people (to) live a better and happier life.
18.我们班三分之一的同学坐公交车上学。(句子汉译英)
【答案】One third of the students in our class go to school by bus.
【详解】考查主谓一致。三分之一的同学:One third of the students,作主语;我们班:in our class,介词短语作定语,限定 students 的范围;上学:go to school,动词短语作谓语;坐公交车:by bus,作方式状语。故本句译为:One third of the students in our class go to school by bus.
19.我知道他为什么迟到。(句子汉译英)
【答案】I know why he was late.
【详解】考查宾语从句和时态。根据句子表达的是“知道”的内容,该句包含由why引导的宾语从句,主句用一般现在时(描述当前的认知),从句用一般过去时。我知道:I know,作主句,I是主语,know是谓语;他为什么迟到:why he was late,是宾语从句,why引导从句,he是从句主语,was late作谓语体现过去的迟到状态。故本句译为:I know why he was late.
20.如果我是你,我会选择留下来继续学习。
【答案】If I were you, I would choose to stay and continue studying.
【详解】考查非真实条件句中的虚拟语气。分析句子可知,这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句。由于从句表达的是与现在事实相反的假设,因此需要使用虚拟语气,即“be动词的过去式(were)”来表示。主句则使用“would+动词原形”的结构,这也是虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的常见用法。如果:if,引导条件状语从句;我:I,作从句主语;是:were,系动词;你:you,作从句表语;我:I,作主语;会选择:would choose,由“情态动词+动词原形”构成复合谓语;留下来继续学习:to stay and continue studying,动词不定式短语,作及物动词“choose”的宾语。句首首字母大写。故本句译为:If I were you, I would choose to stay and continue studying.
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