Unit 6 Living History of Culture Language Practice 2 课件2025-2026学年中职英语高教版（2023修订版）基础模块3

Living History of Culture Unit 6 定 语 从 句 Ⅱ （关系副词） the Forbidden City A nation’s culture resides in its people’s hearts and souls. 一个民族的文化存在于其人民的精神和灵魂中。 A nation’s culture resides in its people’s hearts and souls. 一个民族的文化存在于其人民的精神和灵魂中。 knowledge objectives ability objectives emotional objectives To learn the basic usage of attributive clauses guided by when, where and why. To recognize and use attributive clauses guided by when, where and why flexibly. To cultivate the good habit of using language correctly in daily life. Learning objectives 1 什么是定语从句 学习目标 2 定从的位置 3 什么是先行词 4 定从的结构 5 关系词的选择 知识讲解 先行词 定语从句 关系词 关系代词 关系副词 Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power. which, who, whom, whose, that where, when，why 定语从句 一、定语从句的概念:　在复合句中修饰名词的句子. 二、定语从句的位置：位于名词的后面 三、先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 四、定语从句的结构：定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句 五、关系词的选择要看先行词而定 1 关系副词的用法 1. Tom still remembers the day when he first met me. 2. The city where I was born has a lot of parks. 3. Can you tell me the reason why you lied to me ? Observation 观察先行词有什么特点？ 从句中缺少什么成分？ 引导定语从句的关系副词 when, where, why 关系副词 先行词 在从句中的成分 when 时间（time） 时间状语 where 地点（place） 地点状语 why 原因（reason） 原因状语 分析从句句子成分 Grammar He began to build his final resting place around 246 B.C. when he was only 13 years old. It’s the place where I’ve planned to go for a long time. The sight of Terracotta Army reminded me of my trip to Egypt, where I visited the Great Pyramid of Giza. Maybe that is the reason why it is listed as the wonder of nature. 由when引导的定语从句 由where引导的定语从句 由where引导的定语从句 由why引导的定语从句 ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ ① When 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示时间的名词，如time,day,hour,year等，可用“介词+ which” 来替换。 Tom still remembers the day when he first met me. Tom still remembers the day . he first met me on that day. 分解 when作时间状语 on which 定语从句——关系副词 定语从句——关系副词 ① When 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示时间的名词，如time,day,hour,year等，可用“介词+ which” 来替换。 e.g:I still remember the day when (= on which) the bridge was built. I won’t forget the day when (= on which) the People’s Republic of China was founded. when在从句中代替on the day,作时间状语 ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ I'll never forget the day ______________ I first went to school. when /on which . Oct. 1st, 1949 is the day 　　　　 our country was founded. when/during which 。 Exercise 11 定语从句——关系副词 2)当先行词是时间名词时，既可用when引导定语从句，也可用that/which引导定语从句，关键看关系词在从句中做何种成分。当状语用when,当主语或宾语用that/which。 e.g:Do you remember the days when we chatted with eaach other all night? Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm? 注意： when在从句作时间状语 that/which在从句作spent的宾语 ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ ② Where 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示地点的名词，如place, factory,house ,village等，关系词在从句中作地点状语，可用“介词+ which” 来替换。 The city where I was born has a lot of parks. The city has a lot of park. I was born in the city. 分解 where作地点状语 in which 定语从句——关系副词 定语从句——关系副词 e.g:This is the place where (= in which) Confucius lived. The school where (= in which) his mother teaches is in the west of the city. where在从句中代替in the place,作地点状语 where在从句中代替in the school,作地点状语 ② Where 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示地点的名词，如place, factory,house ,village等，关系词在从句中作地点状语，可用“介词+ which” 来替换。 ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ That is the place _____________ we study . where/in which China is the only country __________________ wild pandas can be found. where/from which Exercise 15 定语从句——关系副词 1)当先行词是地点名词时，如果关系词在从句中当状语用where,当主语或宾语用that/which。 e.g:This is the house that/which was built by my grandfather forty year ago. 注意： 定语从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词that/which,不用where。 ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ 定语从句——关系副词 2) 当position,point,case,stage,situation,atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导定语从句。 e.g:It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently. 注意： where在定语从句作状语 ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ ③Why 引导定语从句时，先行词通常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，可用“for+ which” 来替换。 Do you know the reason(for which) why he is so upset? Do you know the reason. He is so upset. 分解 why作原因状语 定语从句——关系副词 定语从句——关系副词 e.g:There are several reasons why (= for which) the boys should be punished. Tom couldn’t give the teacher the reason why (= for which) he was late for school. why在从句中代替for the reason,作原因状语 ③Why 引导定语从句时，先行词通常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，可用“for+ which” 来替换。 ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ There are many reasons. I like traveling for many reasons. There are many reasons why/for which I like traveling. 定语从句——关系副词 I don’t know the reason ________________ ________________________ 我不知道她为什么如此迷恋肖战。 why / for which she is so crazy about Xiao Zhan. Exercise 定语从句——关系副词 21 定语从句——关系副词 当替代先行词reason的关系词定语从句中不作状语，而是充当主语或宾语，则用that/which引导定语从句。 e.g:I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us. 注意： 定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用that/which，不用why ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ 定语从句——关系副词 1）找先行词，判断类型（人，物，其他成分） 定语从句做题步骤： 2）看从句缺什么成分 3）结合关系词的用法，正确选择 4）注意特殊情况 ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ （二）归纳关系副词及其用法 注意：一些表示抽象地点的名词，如 point，case，position，condition，situation等 用where 引导 The relative adverb (关系副词) Referring to Function where (=in/at which) when (=at/in/on which) why (= for which) place 修饰地点 time 修饰时间 reason 修饰原因 This is the factory his father works. b. This is the factory his father built. 1.判断定语从句先行词 2.分析从句句子成分缺什么 主、宾、表 关系代词 状语 关系副词 解题技巧 his father works in the factory his father built the factory where which 1. This is the house __________they visited last time. 2. This is the house ________ we lived before. which where 5. Please tell me the reason _______you are late. 6. He has told me the reason _______ can explain his absence from the meeting. 3. She will never forget the day ______ she lost the ring. 4. I will never forget the day ________we spent in Beijing. 关系副词or关系代词? which when why which 缺宾语（the house） 缺状语（in the house） 缺状语（on the day) 缺宾语（the day) 缺状语（for the reason） 缺主语（the reason ) 注意： 当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的词时关系词不一定都是关系副词when、where、why，而是要根据从句中所缺成分决定！ 小结 1、关系副词when和where的先行词是表示时间 （如the day, the days, the time, the year等）和地点（如 the place, the house, the factory, the station等）的一类词，而关系副词why的先行词通常只是reason(s). 注意不要以为在时间名词后就一定用关系副词when，在地点名词后就一定用关系副词where，在表示原因后就一定要用关系副词why。 选用关系副词还是关系代词，关键是看他们在定语从句是作状语（关系副词）还是用作主语或者宾语（用关系代词）。 2. 判断从句谓语动词与先行词的关系 及物动词后面无宾语，必须用关系代词； 不及物动词则要求用关系副词作状语。如： This is the school ( which / that ) I visited last year . 这就是我去年参观过的学校。( visit 为及物动词） This is the school where / in which | studied last year . 真就是我去年就读的学校。( study 为不及物动词） 3．判断先行词在定语从句中的成分 关系代词或者副词是代替先行词的 如果先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语，则选择关系代词； 如果先行词在定语从句中作状语，则选择关系副词。如： I will never forget the days that / which we spent together . 我永远也忘不了我们一起度过的日子。 I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together . 我永远也忘不了我们一起度假的日子。 读一读，记一记 . This is the time when I first stepped into this vocational school .这是我第一次踏入这所职业学校。 . I will always remember the days when we climbed the Great Wall together .我将永远记得我们一起去爬长城的日子。 · This is the house where Lu Xun was born .这是鲁迅出生的房子。 Chengdu is the place where ( in which ) I was born .成都是我出生的地方。 · He didn ' t tell others the reason why he built it .他没有告诉别人他建造它的原因。 Practices (　 　)1. I know the place 　　　　 we can have a quiet talk. which　 B. where　 C. wherever　 D. when (　　 ) 2.We are in a position 　　　　 we may lose everything. where　 B. which　 C. that　 D. when (　 　)3. Oct. 1st, 1949 is the day 　　　　 our country was founded. where　 B. that　 C. which　 D. when ( )4.Do you know the reason 　　　　 they did it? A. when　 B. where　 C. why　 D. how B A D C 巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空 1) October 1, 1949 was the day______ (______) China was founded. 2) Beijing is the place ______ (______) I live. 3) Is this the reason ____ (_______) he didn’t want to see me? 4) Is this the room ______(_______)we were living last winter? 5) The days are gone _____ (___________) we used “foreign oil”. 6) Yesterday, we had a meeting ______ (________) we discussed many problems. when on which where in which why for which where in which when during which at which where ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ 参照上面例句，标出下列与其斜体部分功能相同的句子。 Task16 Read and underline 1) I don’t know the reason why he didn’t come to the meeting yesterday. 2) Could you tell me where they are? 3) I was reading when the boy came into my room. 4) He will never forget the day when his father went to New York. 5) I grew up in the small village where I was born. 6) I don’t know why he didn’t come. 宾语从句 时间状语从句 宾语从句 ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ 将左右两栏相匹配，组成完整的句子。 Task17 Read and match. 1) Protecting the nation was the reason 2) It was located in Qufu 3) This is the time A. when families get together for celebration. 4) This is the office 5) I won’t forget the day 6) He didn’t tell me the reason B. why the Great wall was built then. C. where Confucius was born. D. where he used to work. E. why he was so angry. F. when I first stepped into this vocational school. ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ 小组讨论，根据自己的假日计划用where, when, why完成句子。 Task18 Discuss and complete. 1) We like to travel to places _ ______ . 2) We prefer to go to the wonders _ ______ . 3) The brilliant scenery might be the first reason __________ ______________________. 4) Winter is the best viewing time _ _________ ______ ______________. where we can learn Chinese history where we can listen to stories why many visitors are attracted and come here when it is cold and often snows in north of China ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ Sum up. =介词+which,(指时间)，在定语从句中作时间状语。 1. when =介词+which,(指地点)，在定语从句中作地点状语。 2. where =for+which,(指原因)，在定语从句中作原因状语。 3. why ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ 叁 与同伴讨论，根据画线词的意思，判断下列陈述是否正确。 Task19 Discuss and decide. 1) If something is very attractive, it cannot be interesting to you. 2) If the news is really amazing, you’ll be very calm when you learn it. 3) If you think that something is very good, you will say it is fantastic. 4) I live a regular life. I get up, go to work and return home at the fixed time. Every day is the same to me. 5) I can’t understand her, so I know exactly how she feels. 6) When you think something is excellent, you may say it is brilliant. 7) If it stretches out far, it covers a large area. F F T T F T T could won’t can ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ 用所给词的适当形式补全句子。 Task20 Read and complete. 1) Jewellery shines 　　　　　　 under the lights. 2) 　　　　　　, he got full mark in the mid-exam again. 3) We should have 　　　　　　 meals every day. 4) Everyone in the street was 　　　　　　 when they heard the news. 5) He made so many 　　　　　　 achievements in his life. 6) I have 　　　　　　 the same idea as you. 7) What is the 　　　　　　 size of the room? 8) It is 　　　　　　 that they involved children in crime. 9) If you study English 　　　　　　 each day for six months, your English will be improved. 10) The performance yesterday was an 　　　　　　success. amazing regular exact brilliant shock brilliantly Amazingly regular shocked brilliant exactly exact shocking regularly amazing ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ 阅读下文，完成对石林的描述。 Task21 Read and complete. Stone Forest, because of its 1)　　 　　 　 scene, has 2)__________ millions of visitors every year. Seen on the edge of the spot, the large 20 — 50 meters high stones above ground seem to be a “forest”, that’s why people visually call it “Stone Forest”. It 3)　　 　　　 along Shilin Road and covers over 400 square kilometres. This 4)　　　　　 and 5)　　 　　 place has been listed as one of the natural wonders. Each year, millions of people visit this wonder of nature, 6)　　 　　　 by nature’s mystery and power. amazing attracted stretches fantastic amazing attracted ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ Sum up. attractive adj.诱人的；有吸引力的 amazing adj.令人震惊的 brilliant adj.灿烂的；辉煌的 exactly adv.精确地 fantastic adj.极好的 regular adj.有规律的 shock v.震惊 stretch v.延伸；绵延 ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ Home work 2.Draw a mind map about attributive clause. 1.Do more exercises about the attributive clause. ╔ ╔ ╔ ╔ Living History of Culture Unit 6 Thanks for attention! the Forbidden City A nation’s culture resides in its people’s hearts and souls. 一个民族的文化存在于其人民的精神和灵魂中。 $