3.情态动词综合表推测义务建议等用法总结-2025-2026学年高中英语期末语法复习选择性必修4（重大版）

期末语法复习 选择性必修4·重庆大学出版社·情态动词综合（表推测、义务、 建议等用法总结) 、} 情态动词综合用法详解 考点一：情态动词表推测（对现在/将来情况的推测） 结构：mst+动词原形（肯定推测，“一定”)：may/might//cold+动词原形（可能性推 测，“可能”)：cant+动词原形（否定推测，“不可能”） 例句：He must be at home now.(他现在一定在家。)/She may come to the party tonight. (她今晚可能来参加派对。) 真题再现： Who is knocking at the door?-It_be Tom.He promised to come.【2023XX市高二 期末】 A)must B)may C)can D)need 答案：A 真题再现： You_be careful with the knife.It's very sharp.【2022XX省联考】 A)can B)may C)must D)might 答案：C 考点二：情态动词表推测（对过去情况的推测） 结构：must have+过去分词（肯定推测，“一定做过”）：may/might/could have+过去分 词（可能性推测，“可能做过”）；can't have+过去分词（否定推测，“不可能做过”） 例句：They must have arrived home by now.(他们现在一定已经到家了。)/She might have missed the bus.(她可能错过了公交车。) 真题再现： The ground is wet..It rained last night.【2023新高考IⅡ卷】 A)must have B)may have C)can have D)should have 答案：A 真题再现： -Why didn't you answer my cal?—I'msoy.I_sleeping.【2022XX市高三一模】 A)must be B)must have been C)may be D)may have been 答案：B 考点三：情态动词表义务/责任 结构：must(“必须”，主观义务)；have to(“不得不”，客观义务)；should/ought to (“应该”，建议或义务)；needn't(“不必”，否定义务) 例句：You must finish your homework before dinner..(你必须在晚饭前完成作业。)/We should help the elderly.(我们应该帮助老人。) 真题再现： You_wear a seat belt when you drive a car..【2021XX省高考真题】 A)must B)may C)can D)might 答案：A 真题再现： -Must I hand in my homework now?-No,you_.You can do it after lunch.[2023 XX 市高二期末】 A)mustn't B)needn't C)can't D)shouldn't 答案：B 考点四：情态动词表建议/请求 结构：should/.ought to(“应该”，建议)；could./might(“可以”，委婉请求或建议)；had better(“最好”，建议，否定形式had better not) 例句：You should see a doctor.(你应该去看医生。)/Could you please open the window? (你能打开窗户吗？) 真题再现 You_take more exercise to keep healthy..【2022XX省联考】 A)should B)must C)can D)may 答案：A 真题再现： 一_I use your dictionary?Sure,here you are.【202lXX市高二质检】 A)Must B)Should C)Could D)Need 答案：C 考点五：情态动词表能力许可 结构：ca/could(“能，会”，表能力或过去能力)：be able to(“能够”，可用于各种时 态)；may/might(“可以”，表许可)：can't(“不允许”，表禁止) 例句：She can speak English fluently..(她能流利地说英语。)/You may leave now.(你现 在可以走了。) 真题再现： Heswim when he was five years old.【2023XX市高三二模】 A)can B)could C)may D)might 答案：B 真题再现： You_smoke in the library.[2022 X省联考】 A)can B)may C)mustn't D)needn't 答案：C 考点六：情态动词+have done的特殊用法 结构：should/ought to have+过去分词(“本应该做但未做”)；needn't have+过去分词 (“本不必做但做了”)；could have+过去分词(“本可以做但未做”) 例句：You should have told me the truth.(你本应该告诉我真相。)/You needn't have bought so much food.(你本不必买这么多食物。) 真题再现： Istudied harder,but I was too lazy..【2023新高考I卷】 A)should have B)must have C)may have D)can have 答案：A 真题再现： 一Did you take the bus to school?一No,I.I walked.【2022XX市高二期末】 A)needn't have B)shouldn't have C)couldn't have D)mustn't have 答案：A 二、考点综合训练 I.单项选择 1.You be quiet in the library. A)can B)may C)must D)might 2.He have finished his homework,for he is playing outside. A)must B)may C)can't D)needn't 3.-I borrow your pen?-Yes,you_ A)Must,can B)Could;can C)May;must D)Can;might 4.You have told me the news earlier. A)should B)must C)can D)may 5.Shespeak English when she was young,but now she_ A)could;can B)can;could C)could;can't D)can;can't 6.Yoube late for class.The teacher is very strict. A)mustn't B)needn't C)can't D)may not 7.-Is that Lucy at the door?-Itbe her.She has gone to Shanghai. A)must B)may C)can't D)needn't 8.Weprotect the environment.It's our duty. A)can B)should C)might D)could 9.He have passed the exam,but he didn't study hard A)should B)must C)need D)would 10.-I use your computer?-Yes,you_.But you have to return it by 5 pm. A)Must can B)Could;may C)May;can D)Need,might 11.The ground is covered with snow.It_heavily last night. A)must snow B)must have snowed C)may snow D)could snow 12.You_worry about me.I'm old enough to take care of myself. A)mustn't B)can't C)needn't D)shouldn't 13.If yougo out,please wear a mask A)must B)may C)can D)might Ⅱ.完成句子 1.他一定已经到家了，因为他半小时前就离开了。 He home,for he left half an hour ago 2.你应该早点告诉我这个消息。 You me the news earlier 3.我不必买这么多面包，家里还有很多。 I so much bread,there is still a lot at home. 4.你能帮我搬这个箱子吗？ -you me carry this box? 5.你最好不要在阳光下看书。 You read in the sun. 6.她不可能在撒谎，她一直很诚实。 She ,for she has always been honest. 7.我们应该学会独立思考。 We think independently. 8.他一定已经完成了工作，因为他看起来很放松。 Hethe work,for he looks relaxed. 9.你本不必这么早来，会议九点才开始。 You so early;the meeting starts at 9 am. 10.我能借用你的自行车吗？ I your bike? Ⅲ.短文改错 下面短文中共有5处与情态动词相关的错误，请找出并改正 I must to finish my homework before watching TV.My mother said I should to clean my room every day,but I often forget.Yesterday,I can't find my English book and thought I may have lost it.Later,I found it under the bed.I needn't have worried so much V.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Students in senior high school 1.(must)follow school rules.For example,they 2.-(not) smoke in school.If they break the rules,they 3.(have to)face punishment.Teachers often say students 4.-(should)focus on studies,but some students think they 5.(can)manage their time freely.Last week,a student was late.He said he 6.(must)have missed the bus. The teacher told him he 7.(should)have set his alarm earlier. 参考答案与解析 I单项选择答案：1.C2.C3.B4.A5.C6.A7.C8.B9.A10.C 11.B12.C13.A Ⅱ.完成句子答案： 1.must have arrived 2.should have told 3.needn't have bought 4.Could;help 5.had better not 6.can't be lying 7.should learn to 8.must have finished 9.needn't have come 10.Could/May,borrow Ⅲ.短文改错答案： 删除to(must后)；删除to(should后)；can't→couldn't,may→might,needn't→needn't (无误，保持原句) V.语法填空答案： 1.must 2.mustn't 3.will have to 4.should 5.can 6.must 7.should 英语语法复习手册·选择性必修4·重庆大学出版社·情态动词综合用法