2.动词不定式与动名词作主语表语的区别与选用-2025-2026学年高中英语期末语法复习选择性必修3（重大版）

期末语法复习 选择性必修3·重庆大学出版社·动词不定式与动名词作主语、 表语的区别与选用 考点概述 动词不定式与动名词作主语、表语的区别与选用是高中英语重点语法，用于明确非谓语 动词在句中充当主语和表语时的不同功能及选用规则，核心考点围绕两者在含义侧重、 常用句式及固定搭配上的差异展开。 考点讲解 考点一：动词不定式与动名词作主语的区别（基本用法） 结构：不定式作主语多表示具体的、一次性的或未发生的动作，常用Itis+adj.+todo sth.”形式：动名词作主语多表示习惯性的、抽象的动作，可直接置于句首或用It is no use/good+doing sth.”形式 例句：To learn English well is important.(具体动作)/Learning English well is important. (抽象概念)/It is necessary to finish the work today.(不定式常用句型)/It is no use crying over spilt milk.(动名词常用句型) 真题再现： English well requires a lot of practice.【2023重庆市高二期末】 A)Learn B)To learn C)Learning D)Learned 答案：C 解析：表示抽象概念的学习，用动名词作主语 It's important_a foreign language.【2022重庆市一中模拟】 A)learn B)learning C)to learn D)learned 答案：C 解析：固定句型Itis+ad.+to do sth.”必须用不定式 考点二：动词不定式与动名词作表语的区别（基本用法） 结构：不定式作表语多表示具体动作或将来的意图，主语常为aim/dream/purpose等名 词；动名词作表语多表示抽象概念或主语的内容，主语常为抽象名词或动名词 例句：Her goal is to become a doctor.(具体意图)/My hobby is reading.(抽象概念，主 语为hobby)/What he likes is playing football.(动名词作主语，表语用动名词) 真题再现： His main hobby is._stamps.【2023重庆市八中期末】 A)collect B)to collect C)collecting D)collected 答案：C 解析：hobby是抽象名词，表语用动名词 The most important thing is hard.【2022重庆市高三联考】 A)work B)to work C)working D)worked 答案：B 解析：表示具体动作”努力”，用不定式 考点三：固定句型中的选用规则(1) 结构：Itis+adj.+for/ofsb.to do sth.”中必须用不定式；It is no use/good/worthwhile+ doing sth.”中必须用动名词；There is no need+to do sth.”中必须用不定式 It is easy for him to solve the problem./It is no good arguing with him./There is no need to worry about it. 真题再现： It is no use_about the exam result now.【2023重庆市育才中学期末】 A)worry B)to wony C)worrying D)worried 答案：C 解析：固定句型It is no use+doing” It is kind_you to help me with my English.【2022重庆市南开中学模拟】 A)for B)of C)to D)with 答案：B 解析：kind描述人的品质，用of 考点四：固定句型中的选用规则(2) 结构：prefer to do.rather than do..”中用不定式；prefer doing...to doing.”中用动名 词；wold1ike/love to do sth.”中用不定式；”feel1 like doing sth.中用动名词 I prefer to stay at home rather than go out./She prefers reading to writing./I would like to drink a cup of tea./Do you feel like eating out tonight? 真题再现： He prefe1s_basketball to_TV.【2023重庆市巴蜀中学期末】 A)play watch B)to play watch C)playing watching D)playing to watch 答案：C 解析：prefer doing.to doing..结构 I don't feel like today..【2022重庆市外国语学校模拟】 A)cook B)cooking C)to cook D)cooked 答案：B 解析：feel like+doing固定搭配 考点五：动词后接不定式或动名词的固定搭配(1) 结构：只能接不定式作宾语的动词：want/hope/wish/decide/plan/expect/agree/refuse/offe 等；只能接动名词作宾语的动词：enjoy/mind/.finish/practice/suggest/avoid/keep/consider 等 She wants to go shopping./They enjoy listening to music./He suggested going for a walk 真题再现： He decided_to the party tomorrow.【2023重庆市九龙坡区期末】 A)go B)to go C)going D)went 答案：B 解析：decide后接不定式 Would you mind the window?【2022重庆市渝中区模拟】 A)open B)to open C)opening D)opened 答案：C 解析：mind后接动名词 考点六：动词后接不定式或动名词的固定搭配(2) 结构：接不定式或动名词意义不同的动词：remember to do(记得去做)/remember doing (记得做过)；forget to do(忘记去做)/forget doing(忘记做过)；stop to do(停下来去 做)/stop doing(停止做)；try to do(努力做)/try doing(尝试做) Remember to lock the door when you leave./I remember locking the door yesterday. /He stopped to talk to me./They stopped talking when the teacher came in. 真题再现： I forgot_my homework,so the teacher was angry with me..【2023重庆市沙坪坝区期末】 A)hand in B)to hand in C)handing in D)handed in 答案：B 解析：忘记要交作业（未完成动作） He tried_the problem,but he couldn't.【2022重庆市江北区模拟】 A)solve B)to solve C)solving D)solved 答案：B 解析：努力解决问题（尝试但未成功） 考点综合训练 I单项选择 1.regularly is good for your physical health A)Exercise B)To exercise C)Exercising D)Exercised 2.It is important_students_a balance between study and rest. A)for,to keep B)of,keeping C)for,keeping D)of,to keep 3.She prefers novels toTV in her free time. A)read;watch B)to read;watch C)reading,watching D)reading,to watch 4.Don't forget_the lights before leaving the classroom. A)turn off B)to turn off C)turning off D)turned off 5.The teacher suggested more practice to improve our English A)do B)to do C)doing D)did 6.His ambition is a scientist in the future. A)become B)to become C)becoming D)became 7.It is no use_about the mistake you made;just correct it. A)worly B)to worry C)worrying D)worried 8.There is no need him for help;he is always busy A)ask B)to ask C)asking D)asked Ⅱ.完成句子 1.我的目标是明年通过大学英语六级考试。 My goal is_the CET-6 exam next year 2.她的爱好是收集各种类型的明信片。 Her hobby is__all types of postcards. 3.对我们来说，掌握一门外语很有必要。 It is necessary master a foreign language. 4.他建议周末去参观博物馆。 He suggested_the museum at the weekend. 5.忘记带钥匙是他今天犯的最大错误。 -bring the key was his biggest mistake today. Ⅲ短文改错 下面短文中共有5处与动词不定式和动名词相关的错误，请找出并改正 1.Learn English well requires consistent practice and patience. 2.My parents always tell me it is important of me to study hard. 3.She enjoys to listen to music while doing homework 4.The teacher said there was no need worry about the test result. 5.His plan is travel around Europe during the summer vacation. V.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 -(learn)a new language can be challenging but rewarding.Many people find it difficult at the beginning,but it is necessarythem(persist)in practicing.Some students prefer _(memorize)words by reading aloud,while others enjoy(watch)English movies to im- prove listening.Teachers often suggest_(use)language learning apps daily.Remember,the key is(keep)a positive attitude and never give up.If you follow these tips,you will find (master)a new language is not as hard as you think. 参考答案与解析 L.单项选择答案：1.C2.A3.C4.B5.C6.B7.C8.B Ⅱ.完成旬子答案：1.to pass2.collecting3.for us to4.visiting5.Forgetting to Ⅲ.短文改错答案：1.Leam→Learning2.of→for3.to listen-→listening4. wony→to worry5.travel-→to travel IV.语法填空答案：Leaming,for,to persist,.memorizing,watching,using,:to keep;master-- ing 英语语法复习手册·选择性必修3·重庆大学出版社·动词不定式与动名词作主语、表语的区 别与选用