3.名词性从句同位语从句与定语从句的区别-2025-2026学年高中英语期末语法复习选择性必修2（重大版）

期末语法复习 选择性必修2·重庆大学出版社·名词性从句（同位语从句；与 定语从句的区别) 一、名词性从句（同位语从句；与定语从句的区别）详解 考点概述：名词性从句（同位语从句；与定语从句的区别）是高中英语重点语法，同 位语从句用于解释说明先行名词的具体内容，与定语从句的核心区别在于前者不修饰 先行词，而是补充其内容，后者则起修饰限定作用。 考点一：同位语从句的基本概念及引导词 结构：同位语从句位于抽象名词（如fact,news,.idea,belief,doubt等）之后，用 that/whether//连接代词(what,who等)/连接副词(when,where,.why,how)引导，解释 说明抽象名词的具体内容；hat在从句中不充当成分，无意义但不可省略；whether表 示”是否”，不省略；连接代词/副词在从句中充当成分。 例句：The news that our team won the game excited everyone.(that引导同位语从句，解 释news的内容，不充当成分) 真题再现： We heard the news_our team had won the championship.【2023重庆大学出版社选择性 必修2期末模拟】 A)which B)that C)what D)how 答案：B 真题再现： I have no idea he will come back home.【2022XX市高二期末】 A)when B)which C)whose D)whom 答案：A 考点二：同位语从句与定语从句的区别（引导词that的作用） 区别要点：1.语法功能：同位语从句中hat不充当句子成分，仅起连接作用；定语从 句中ht充当主语、宾语等成分。2.语义关系：同位语从句是对抽象名词内容的解释说 明；定语从句是对先行词的修饰限定。 例句：The fact that he passed the exam surprised us.（同位语从句，that不充当成分，解 释fact的内容) The fact that he told us surprised us.（定语从句，that充当told的宾语，限定fact) 真题再现： The suggestion he put forward was accepted by all of us.【2023XX省高二联考】 A)that B)what C)how D)when 答案：A 真题再现： The suggestionwe should hold a meeting to discuss the problem is reasonable.[2021 庆大学出版社选择性必修2单元测试】 A)which B)that C)who D)whom 答案：B 考点三：同位语从句与定语从句的区别（先行词及引导词类型） 区别要点：l.先行词：同位语从句的先行词多为抽象名词（如news,tuth,plan等)；定 语从句的先行词可以是各类名词。2.引导词类型：同位语从句可由whether,.what,when 等引导；定语从句可由which,.as,whose等引导，且that在定语从句中作宾语时可省略， 同位语从句中hat不可省略。 例句：We are discussing the question whether we should go abroad.(同位语从句，whether 引导，解释question内容) This is the question which we are discussing.（定语从句，which引导，限定question) 真题再现： We have some doubt_they can complete the task on time..【2022XX市高二质检】 A)that B)whether C)which D)when 答案：B 真题再现： This is the museumwe visited last year.【2023新高考I卷模拟】 A)where B)that C)what D)why 答案：B 考点四：分隔式同位语从句 结构：有时同位语从句与其先行词被其他成分（如谓语动词、状语等）分隔，形成分 隔结构，此时需通过句意判断从句与先行词的解释关系。 例句：Word came that our school would hold a sports meeting next week.(that引导的同位 语从句与先行词Word被谓语came分隔) 真题再现： A notice was put up on the wall all students should gather at the school gate at 7:00 am tomorrow.【2023 重庆大学出版社选择性必修2期末真题】 A)which B)why C)that D)when 答案：C 真题再现： The thought suddenly came to her maybe she had left her keys at home.[2021 XX 中联考】 A)what B)that C)which D)where 答案：B 考点五：同位语从句中主谓一致问题 规则：同位语从句的谓语动词在人称和数上与从句本身的主语保持一致，不受先行词 的影响。 例句：The news that he has passed the exam is true.(从句主语为he,谓语用has passed) The news that they have passed the exam is true.(从句主语为they,谓语用have passed) 真题再现： The message that some foreigners to visit our school next month true.[2022 XX 二期末】 A)will come;is B)comes;are C)came;was D)come;is 答案：A 真题再现： The belief that parents the best teachers for childrenwidely accepted.[2023 XX 二调研】 A)is,is B)are;is C)are;are D)is;are 答案：B 二、考点综合训练 I.单项选择 1.The news_our team won the championship spread quickly. A)which B)that C)what D)how 2.I have no idea he will arrive at the station. A)when B)which C)whose D)whom 3.The suggestion he made at the meeting was practical. A)that B)what C)how D)when 4.The fact_she passed the exam surprised everyone. A)which B)when C)that D)why 5.We discussed the questionwe should postpone the trip A)which B)whether C)who D)whom 6.The orderall students wear uniforms was issued yesterday. A)which B)that C)what D)how 7.Word came the president would visit our school next week. A)which B)that C)when D)where 8.The belief hard work leads to success is widely accepted. A)what B)that C)how D)why Ⅱ.完成句子 1.我们是否需要增加预算的问题尚未决定。 The question_we need to increase the budget hasn't been decided. 2.她成功的秘诀是她从不放弃。 The secret _she succeeded is that she never gave up. 3.老师提出的建议对我们很有帮助。 The suggestion_the teacher put forward was very helpful to us 4.有消息传来，运动会将在下周一举行。 Word came_the sports meeting would be held next Monday 5.我不确定他是否会参加明天的会议。 I have some doubt he will attend tomorrow's meeting. Ⅲ短文改错 1.The fact which he lied to us made everyone angry. 2.I have no idea when will he come back from abroad. 3.The suggestion whether we should build a new library is under discussion 4.The news what our team lost the game disappointed us. 5.It is the plan that he made it last week that we are discussing now. V.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists have announced the discovery_1_a new species of butterfly in the Amazon rain- forest.The news_2(excite)researchers around the world,as it provides new insights into biodiversity.However,there is a growing concern3human activities are threatening the butterfly's habitat.Experts suggest_4immediate action5(take)to protect the area. The local government has issued a statement_6they will establish a nature reserve here next year 参考答案与解析 I.单项选择答案：1.B2.A3.A4.C5.B6.B7.B8.B Ⅱ.完成句子答案：1.whether2.why3.that4.that5.whether Ⅲ.短文改错答案：1.which→that2.will he-→he will3.whether-→that4. what→hat5.删除it V.语法填空答案：1.of2.excited3.that4.that5.(should)be taken6.that 英语语法复习手册·选择性必修2·重庆大学出版社·名词性从句（同位语从句：与定语从句 的区别)